History
MICEX started with currency auctions in November 1989 as an initiative by the ''Foreign trade and investment bank of the USSR''. Thus, for the first time the market ruble exchange rate to dollar was established. In January 1992 it became the main platform for carrying out currency transactions for banks and enterprises. Until July 1992 the rate in the Moscow Interbank Stock Exchange was used by the Central Bank for the official quotation of ruble to foreign currencies. In the mid-1990s preparation for trading corporate securities and futures began. On 19 December 2011, MICEX merged with the Russian Trading System to form a single entity known as MICEX-RTS that was expected to become a leading stock exchange globally for trading across asset classes and to advance Russia's plans to turn Moscow into an international financial centre. The goals of the merger included the optimisation of the Russian stock market, the reduction of the number of organisations with overlapping functions, the creation of a single platform for issuers, traders and investors, the reduction of transaction costs, and easier trading. Problems in merging the infrastructure resulted in computer errors in trades, something that had not happened on the merged exchanges for a decade: on the first day of trades, there was a short period of computer glitches when the clearing system malfunctioned, which resulted in registering multiple unsanctioned deals, with some traders suffering losses. A new brand for the united exchange was unveiled in the first half of 2012.References
External links
* {{Authority control Companies based in Moscow Financial services companies of Russia Stock exchanges in Russia Futures exchanges Financial services companies established in 1992 1992 establishments in Russia Defunct stock exchanges