Mərdəkan
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Mərdəkan (Mardakan) is a settlement and municipality in
Khazar raion The Khazar raion ( az, Xəzər rayonu) is one of the 12 rayonlar in Baku, Azerbaijan. It has a population of 170,400. Name Before being renamed by the decision of the Parliament of Azerbaijan on May 11, 2010, the raion was called Azizbekov (Azerb ...
of
Baku Baku (, ; az, Bakı ) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. Baku is located below sea level, which makes it the lowest lying national capital in the world a ...
, Azerbaijan with a population of 25,232. It's located on the eastern Absheron Peninsula only 30 km away from capital city
Baku Baku (, ; az, Bakı ) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. Baku is located below sea level, which makes it the lowest lying national capital in the world a ...
, bounded by the Caspian Sea to the north,
Shuvalan Şüvəlan is a settlement and municipality in Baku, Azerbaijan. It has a population of 14,992. The population origin comes mostly from a settlement of Qala, Azerbaijan. History According to the old generation, an ancient times people in ...
to the east, Qala to the south, and Shagan to the west. Mardakan received the status of a settlement in 1936 . In 1933, Shagan village was included in the Mardakan village council, although it was separated in 1945, it was reunited in 1948, and in 1990, Shagan re-separated and received the status of a settlement. Mardakan is known as summer city across the peninsula as many locals tend to visit the settlement during the summertime. It's also popular for its beaches, chill climate and recreational establishments.


History

Mardakan is one of the oldest villages of the Absheron peninsula. It is named after a tribe called the ''Mards'' who lived in the area during the 1st century AD. Several traces of ancient settlements have been discovered close to the village. Some rocks in the area have paintings typical to the Bronze Age.


Places of interest

The main points of interest of Mardakan are its castles with watchtowers, technically being
keep A keep (from the Middle English ''kype'') is a type of fortified tower built within castles during the Middle Ages by European nobility. Scholars have debated the scope of the word ''keep'', but usually consider it to refer to large towers in c ...
s. There are two keeps - one being with a
round tower A fortified tower (also defensive tower or castle tower or, in context, just tower) is one of the defensive structures used in fortifications, such as castles, along with curtain walls. Castle towers can have a variety of different shapes and ful ...
, the other with a quadrangular tower. These towers are parts of the general chain of towers and other fortresses over the Absheron peninsula. When enemies attacked, the tops of these towers were lit up with oil to warn the population of the approaching danger. The round tower was built in the 13th century and is 15.5 meters in diameter with three stories. The quadrangular tower dates from 14th century and is about 25 meters tall with five stories. Mardakan is the favorite places for building dacha summer cottages for
Baku Baku (, ; az, Bakı ) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. Baku is located below sea level, which makes it the lowest lying national capital in the world a ...
residents. The tradition to build cottages in Mardakan dates back to the 19th century when
business magnate A business magnate, also known as a tycoon, is a person who has achieved immense wealth through the ownership of multiple lines of enterprise. The term characteristically refers to a powerful entrepreneur or investor who controls, through perso ...
s from the emerging oil industry began to build extravagant summer houses. Nowadays, the construction boom in Mardakan continues with a wave of newly made generation of businessmen, who keep the tradition of transforming old Absheron style architecture dachas with architecture from Europe, such as French and Mediterranean house building manner. As in old days, French architecture stands out among all other architecture styles followed in the construction of summer cottages, with a whole new White City project in down town of the capital of Azerbaijan, which is purely French architecture. Mardakan has a favourable microclimate for growing fruits and vegetables. This has attracted several plantations, one of them being the
Mardakan Arboretum The Mardakan arboretum is located in the Mardakan township on the semi-arid Absheron peninsula, 40 km away from Baku.It was a personal garden of Murtuza Mukhtarov, a tycoon and oil millionaire of his time around 1895-1920s. Currently, an area ...
. Other key attractions include: * The Tuba-Shakha mosque from the 15th century * The house and museum of
Sergei Yesenin Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin ( rus, Сергей Александрович Есенин, p=sʲɪrˈɡʲej ɐlʲɪkˈsandrəvʲɪtɕ jɪˈsʲenʲɪn; ( 1895 – 28 December 1925), sometimes spelled as Esenin, was a Russian lyric poet. He is one o ...
* The summer house and grave of the oil magnate
Zeynalabdin Taghiyev , image = Haji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev.jpg , image_size = 250px , caption = , birth_date = 25 January 1823Zeynalabdin Taghiyev , image = Haji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev.jpg , image_size = 250px , caption = , birth_date = 25 January 1823twinned with * Nadarzyn, Poland


Photos

File:Мардакянский дендрарий 011.jpg, Mardakan Arboretum. File:Мардакянский дендрарий .jpg, Mardakan Arboretum. File:Mardakan dendrariy.jpg, Mardakan Arboretum. File:Mardakanbashnya2.JPG, Mardakan castle. File:Mardakanbashnya sverxu.JPG, Mardakan castle.


References

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Merdekan Populated places in Baku Baku Governorate