The lycée Saint-Louis is a highly selective post-secondary school located in the 6th arrondissement of

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. Si ...

, in the Latin Quarter. It is the only public French lycée exclusively dedicated to providing '' classes préparatoires aux grandes écoles'' (''CPGE;'' preparatory classes for the Grandes Écoles such as École Polytechnique, CentraleSupélec in engineering and ESSEC Business School,

ESCP Business School ESCP Business School (french: École Supérieure de Commerce de Paris) is a French business school and ''grande école'' founded in Paris and based across Europe with campuses in Paris, Berlin, London, Madrid, Turin, and Warsaw. It is consis ...

, and HEC Paris in commerce). It is known for the quality of its teaching, low acceptance rate and the results it achieves in their intensely competitive entrance examinations (''concours''). It is widely regarded as one of the best preparatory class in France and one of the most elitist and prestigious along with its neighbours from the Sainte-Geneviève hill the

lycée Henri IV In France, secondary education is in two stages: * ''Collèges'' () cater for the first four years of secondary education from the ages of 11 to 15. * ''Lycées'' () provide a three-year course of further secondary education for children betwee ...

and the lycée Louis-Le-Grand. Saint-Louis has graduated many notable alumni, including five Nobel laureates, one Fields laureate, one

President of France The president of France, officially the president of the French Republic (french: Président de la République française), is the executive head of state of France, and the commander-in-chief of the French Armed Forces. As the presidency i ...

, as well as major intellectual figures such as Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, Émile Zola or Louis Pasteur.

History

Collège d'Harcourt

The lycée Saint-Louis was formerly known as the ''Collège d'Harcourt'' ( la, Collegium Harcurianum). The Collège d'Harcourt was founded in 1280 by Robert and

Raoul d'Harcourt __NOTOC__ Raoul is a French variant of the male given name Ralph or Rudolph, and a cognate of Raul. Raoul may also refer to: Given name * Raoul Berger, American legal scholar * Raoul Bova, Italian actor * Radulphus Brito (Raoul le Breton, died ...

to offer food and housing for around forty students from underprivileged backgrounds. Starting from its beginning, it was not only a simple student residence but also a place of teaching, this activity took more and more importance over time. During the

Wars of Religion A religious war or a war of religion, sometimes also known as a holy war ( la, sanctum bellum), is a war which is primarily caused or justified by differences in religion. In the modern period, there are frequent debates over the extent to wh ...

, it was a Catholic stronghold. As a result, Henri IV confiscated the college's property and dismissed its director. Once peace returned, the king reformed the teaching of the colleges: initially intended to train clerics and academics through theological studies, the college was transformed into an institution where the children of the gentry, Parisian bourgeoisie and scholarship holders from Normandy studied. The college started to become famous in the 16th century, and great historical figures such as

Racine Jean-Baptiste Racine ( , ) (; 22 December 163921 April 1699) was a French dramatist, one of the three great playwrights of 17th-century France, along with Molière and Corneille as well as an important literary figure in the Western traditi ...

, Boileau and Perrault attended it in the 17th and 18th centuries. In the 18th century, it was a stronghold of Jansenists and graduated several of the '' philosophes'' and '' Encyclopédistes'' of the Enlightenment and therefore opposed the influence of the Jesuits in education, whose stronghold was located couples meter away, at the college of Clermont. The original building was demolished in 1795 and the present one was built on its site in 1814. In the course of the tumultuous 19th century, the lycée was successively turned by force into a prison, barracks and reformatory.

Lycée Saint-Louis

In 1812, a decree of Napoleon I ordered the reopening of the Collège d'Harcourt according to the plans of J.-B. Guynet, in order to accommodate an imperial lycée. However, it was not until October 1820 that the "Collège Royal Saint-Louis" took over from the former Collège d'Harcourt, and welcomed again boarders in 1823. In 1848, following the French Revolution of 1830, it changed its name to "Lycée Saint-Louis", after being called "Lycée Monge " for several months. The lycée is primarily devoted to the instruction of science (since 1885, the boarding school only welcomed scientific students) and in scientific

classes préparatoires aux Grandes Écoles Class or The Class may refer to: Common uses not otherwise categorized * Class (biology), a taxonomic rank * Class (knowledge representation), a collection of individuals or objects * Class (philosophy), an analytical concept used differently ...

(established in 1866, the only ones present at the school since the closing of the last high school class in 1969). In 1843, a student from the school won the first prize in mathematics for the first time in the concours général. The

opened in 1866 and allowed students to take the competitive exams for the École polytechnique, the École normale supérieure (in science), Centrale, the École forestière and Saint-Cyr, and were expanded in 1885 to include preparation for the École navale. A statue of Saint Louis stands in the middle of the central courtyard. According to an old tradition now fully integrated to the school’s folklore, students that have succeeded in getting in Polytechnique have to thank their alma mater by splashing the statue with red or yellow paint depending on whether the year is even or odd. Few days later, the statue is simply painted back white explaining why its traits have become a little bit faded over the years.

Academics

The school offers mainly scientific courses including MPSI (Mathematics, Physics, Engineering), PCSI (Physics, Chemistry and Engineering) for the freshmen, and MP (Mathematics, Physics), PC (Physics, Chemistry), PSI (Physics, Engineering) for seniors as well as BCPST (Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Geology). The lycée has also courses relying heavily on Mathematics and preparing students for the highly selective French Business Schools, they are only intended for students who have completed a scientific Baccalauréat. The lycée Saint-Louis, as its neighbors the lycées Louis-le-Grand and Henri IV, commonly known as "the three Lycées of the Sainte-Geneviève hill", is renowned for its selectivity, the quality of its teaching and its results in the various competitive examinations.

Campus

The school has a library (open until 10:15 p.m. for boarders and day students), a mixed dormitory with 356 beds (234 single rooms, 61 double rooms) and a chapel. It also has a cafeteria, in addition to the dining hall, and classrooms are available to students outside of their normal hours of use. The campus also has sports facilities: a sports field and two multi-sports gymnasiums (ultimate, basketball, volleyball, badminton, etc.), a gym, a billiard room and a climbing wall. Students have two mandatory hours of sports per week and the sports association allows access to its facilities at noon and in the evening.

Notable alumni

Claude Allègre Claude Allègre (; born 31 March 1937) is a French politician and scientist. Scientific work The main scientific area of Claude Allègre was geochemistry. Allègre co-authored an ''Introduction to geochemistry'' in 1974. Since the 1980s, he ...

- (b. 1937), former Minister, geochemist *

Charles Baudelaire Charles Pierre Baudelaire (, ; ; 9 April 1821 – 31 August 1867) was a French poet who also produced notable work as an essayist and art critic. His poems exhibit mastery in the handling of rhyme and rhythm, contain an exoticism inherited fr ...

- (1821–1867), writer * Joseph Bertrand - (1822–1900), mathematician, Academician * Nicolas Boileau-Despréaux - (1636–1711), writer, Academician *

Patrice de Mac Mahon Marie Edme Patrice Maurice de MacMahon, marquis de MacMahon, duc de Magenta (; 13 June 1808 – 17 October 1893) was a French general and politician, with the distinction of Marshal of France. He served as Chief of State of France from 1873 to ...

- (1808-1893), French President * Fortuné du Boisgobey - (1821–1891), writer * Georges Charpak - (1924–2010), physicist,

Nobel Prize in Physics ) , image = Nobel Prize.png , alt = A golden medallion with an embossed image of a bearded man facing left in profile. To the left of the man is the text "ALFR•" then "NOBEL", and on the right, the text (smaller) "NAT•" then " ...

1992 * Hubert Curien - (1924–2005), physicist, former Minister of Research *

Denis Diderot Denis Diderot (; ; 5 October 171331 July 1784) was a French philosopher, art critic, and writer, best known for serving as co-founder, chief editor, and contributor to the '' Encyclopédie'' along with Jean le Rond d'Alembert. He was a promi ...

- (1713–1784), writer and philosopher * Charles-François Dupuis - (1742–1809), author * Pierre-Gilles de Gennes - (1932–2007), physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics 1991 * Charles Gounod - (1818–1893), composer * Jean-Martin Charcot - (1825–1893), neurologist and professor of anatomical pathology * Joris-Karl Huysmans - (1848–1907), novelist and art critic * Eugène Marin Labiche - (1815–1888), dramatist *

Henri Lebesgue Henri Léon Lebesgue (; June 28, 1875 – July 26, 1941) was a French mathematician known for his theory of integration, which was a generalization of the 17th-century concept of integration—summing the area between an axis and the curve of ...

- (1875–1941), mathematician *

Montesquieu Charles Louis de Secondat, Baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu (; ; 18 January 168910 February 1755), generally referred to as simply Montesquieu, was a French judge, man of letters, historian, and political philosopher. He is the princi ...

- (1689–1755), writer and philosopher * Louis Néel - (1904–2000), physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics 1970 * Louis Pasteur - (1822–1895), chemist and microbiologist, Academician * Charles Perrault - (1628–1703), writer, Academician *

Jean Racine Jean-Baptiste Racine ( , ) (; 22 December 163921 April 1699) was a French dramatist, one of the three great playwrights of 17th-century France, along with Molière and Corneille as well as an important literary figure in the Western traditi ...

- (1639–1699), dramatist, Academician * Alain Robbe-Grillet - (1922–2008), writer and cinematographer, Academician * Alexandre Rousselin de Saint-Albin - (1773–1847), politician * Charles de Saint-Évremond - (1613–1703), writer * Antoine de Saint-Exupéry - (1900–1944), writer and aviator * Claude Simon - (1913–2005), writer, Nobel Prize in Literature 1985 * Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord - (1754–1838), statesman * Yves Tanguy - (1900–1955), surrealist painter * René Thom - (1923–2002), mathematician, Fields Medal 1958 * Ahmed Vefik Pasha - (1823–1891), Ottoman statesman, diplomat, and playwright * André Weil - (1906–1998), mathematician * Émile Zola - (1840–1902), writer * Jules Massenet - (1842–1912), composer * Jean-Luc Lagardère - (1928-2003), businessman and founder of

Lagardère Lagardère may refer to: * Lagardère Group, a French media group * Jean-Luc Lagardère (1928–2003), French engineer and businessman and CEO of the Lagardère Group * Arnaud Lagardère (born 1961), French businessman and son of Jean-Luc Lagardèr ...

Notable teachers

* Maurice Goldring, English professor *

Octave Gréard Octave Gréard (18 April 1828 – 25 April 1904) was a noted French educator. Gréard was born in Vire, Calvados, educated at the École Normale Supérieure, and had a long career in education. He was largely responsible for the establishme ...

, academic * Jacques Hadamard, mathematician *

Léopold Lacour Léopold Lacour (9 February 1854 – 1939) was an influential French teacher, sociologist, writer and feminist. Biography Léopold Lacour was born in 1854. He attended the ''École Normale Supérieure'' and graduated with distinction. He then ta ...

, rhetoric professor, lecturer and playwright

Notes

References

*''L'ancien collège d'Harcourt et le lycée Saint-Louis'', Bouquet, H.L., Paris, Delalin frères, 1891. *''Du collège d'Harcourt, 1280, au lycée Saint-Louis, 1980'', Fusellier, E., Euvrard, M., Paris, A.P.E. du lycée Saint-Louis, 1980. *''Septième centenaire !'', Humblot, H., in ''Bulletin d'information de L'association des parents d'élèves du lycée Saint-Louis''. 1978/1979.

External links

Site of Lycée Saint-Louis (in French)

History of the lycée (in French)
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lycee Saint Louis Colleges of the University of Paris Saint-Louis Buildings and structures in the 6th arrondissement of Paris