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Lourenço is a town and district in the Brazilian municipality of Calçoene, in the interior of the state of Amapá. The main economic activities of the town is
In 1992, the Mining Cooperative of Garimpeiros of Lourenço (COOGAL) was founded, and the concessions were transferred to COOGAL in 1994. As of 2014, COOGAL operates five mining concessions and employs 1,100 ''garimpeiros''. The official census figures for the district are an underestimation, and the actual population is estimated at 4,500 people.
Lourenço is located in an area surrounded by protected areas and indigenous territories. The region around Lourenço has been polluted with mercury, and has been deforested. The school and clinic are functioning below standard. In 2017, Lourenço received 24 hour electricity. The town is connected to the
gold mining
Gold mining is the extraction of gold resources by mining. Historically, mining gold from alluvial deposits used manual separation processes, such as gold panning. However, with the expansion of gold mining to ores that are not on the surface, ...
. It is one of the oldest mines in Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
.
History
Gold mining in Lourenço began in the 19th century. In 1894, at the height of the gold rush, there were 6,000 to 10,000 gold miners in the area around the Calçoene River. In 1984, Mineração Novo Astro (MNA) and Mineração Yukio Yoshidome (MYYSA) were awarded concessions for mining on an industrial scale. This resulted in conflicts with the '' garimpeiros'' (illegal gold prospectors).
In 1992, the Mining Cooperative of Garimpeiros of Lourenço (COOGAL) was founded, and the concessions were transferred to COOGAL in 1994. As of 2014, COOGAL operates five mining concessions and employs 1,100 ''garimpeiros''. The official census figures for the district are an underestimation, and the actual population is estimated at 4,500 people.
Lourenço is located in an area surrounded by protected areas and indigenous territories. The region around Lourenço has been polluted with mercury, and has been deforested. The school and clinic are functioning below standard. In 2017, Lourenço received 24 hour electricity. The town is connected to the BR-156
BR-156 is a federal highway of Brazil.
The road consists of 552 km between Oiapoque and Macapá, and 271 km between Macapá and Laranjal do Jari (except via Santana city), totalling 823 km of road through forest and savannah. Only the road be ...
highway via an unpaved road.
References
Bibliography
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Lorenco Gold mines in Brazil Populated places in Amapá