Locrian Greek is an

ancient Greek dialect Ancient Greek in classical antiquity, before the development of the common Koine Greek of the Hellenistic period, was divided into several varieties. Most of these varieties are known only from inscriptions, but a few of them, principally Aeoli ...

that was spoken by the

Locrians The Locrians ( el, Λοκροί, ''Locri'') were an ancient Greek tribe that inhabited the region of Locris in Central Greece, around Parnassus. They spoke the Locrian dialect, a Doric-Northwest dialect, and were closely related to their neighbour ...

Locris Locris (; el, label= Modern Greek, Λοκρίδα, Lokrída; grc, Λοκρίς, Lokrís) was a region of ancient Greece, the homeland of the Locrians, made up of three distinct districts. Locrian tribe The city of Locri in Calabria ( Italy) ...

Central Greece Continental Greece ( el, Στερεά Ελλάδα, Stereá Elláda; formerly , ''Chérsos Ellás''), colloquially known as Roúmeli (Ρούμελη), is a traditional geographic region of Greece. In English, the area is usually called Central ...

. It is a dialect of

Northwest Greek Doric or Dorian ( grc, Δωρισμός, Dōrismós), also known as West Greek, was a group of Ancient Greek dialects; its varieties are divided into the Doric proper and Northwest Doric subgroups. Doric was spoken in a vast area, that includ ...

. The Locrians were divided into two tribes, the

Ozolian Locrians Ozolian Locris ( grc, Ὀζολία Λοκρίς) or Hesperian Locris ( grc, Λοκρίς Ἑσπερία, 3=Western Locris) was a region in Ancient Greece, inhabited by the Ozolian Locrians ( grc-gre, Ὀζολοὶ Λοκροί; la, Locri Ozoli ...

and the

Opuntian Locrians Opuntian Locris or Eastern Locris was an ancient Greek region inhabited by the eastern division of the Locrians, the so-called tribe of the Locri Epicnemidii ( el, ) or Locri Opuntii (Greek: ). Geography Opuntian Locris consisted of a narrow ...

, thus the Locrian dialect can be also divided in two branches, the Ozolian and Opuntian respectively. The traits of both dialects were described by

Wilhelm Dittenberger Wilhelm (William) Dittenberger (August 31, 1840 in Heidelberg – December 29, 1906 in Halle (Saale)) was a German philologist in classical epigraphy. Life Wilhelm Dittenberger was the son of the Protestant theologian Wilhelm Theophor Dittenberge ...

, editor of the project ''

Inscriptiones Graecae The ''Inscriptiones Graecae'' (IG), Latin for ''Greek inscriptions'', is an academic project originally begun by the Prussian Academy of Science, and today continued by its successor organisation, the . Its aim is to collect and publish all known ...

''.''Inscriptiones Graecae Septentrionalis'', Pars I Inscriptiones Phocidis, Locridis, Aetoliae, Acarnaniae, Insularum maris Ionii, Berolini, 1897, IG. IX, I

Ozolian Locrian

Dative In grammar, the dative case ( abbreviated , or sometimes when it is a core argument) is a grammatical case used in some languages to indicate the recipient or beneficiary of an action, as in "Maria Jacobo potum dedit", Latin for "Maria gave Jacob ...

plural of the

third declension {{No footnotes, date=February 2021 The third declension is a category of nouns in Latin and Greek with broadly similar case formation — diverse stems, but similar endings. Sanskrit also has a corresponding class (although not commonly ter ...

in -οις (''-ois'') instead of -σι (''-si''), a

Northwest The points of the compass are a set of horizontal, radially arrayed compass directions (or azimuths) used in navigation and cartography. A compass rose is primarily composed of four cardinal directions—north, east, south, and west—each s ...

trait, e.g. πάντοις ''pantois'' — ''pasi'', μειόνοις ''meionois'' — μείοσι ''meiosi'' *The adjective διπλειός ''dipleios'' instead of ''diplous'' *The assimilation of κ (k) in the preposition ''ek'' with the first consonant of the next word, e.g. λιμένος ''e(l) limenos'' — λιμένος ''ek limenos'' *The preposition κατά (''kata'') governs the

genitive In grammar, the genitive case ( abbreviated ) is the grammatical case that marks a word, usually a noun, as modifying another word, also usually a noun—thus indicating an attributive relationship of one noun to the other noun. A genitive can a ...

rather than the

accusative The accusative case ( abbreviated ) of a noun is the grammatical case used to mark the direct object of a transitive verb. In the English language, the only words that occur in the accusative case are pronouns: 'me,' 'him,' 'her,' 'us,' and ‘ ...

, e.g. ''kath'ōn'' — ''kath'a''

Opuntian Locrian

plural of the

in -εσσι (''-essi'') instead of -οις (''-ois''), an

Aeolic In linguistics, Aeolic Greek (), also known as Aeolian (), Lesbian or Lesbic dialect, is the set of dialects of Ancient Greek spoken mainly in Boeotia; in Thessaly; in the Aegean island of Lesbos; and in the Greek colonies of Aeolis in Anato ...

trait which was found in the

Phocian Phocis was an ancient region in the central part of Ancient Greece, which included Delphi. A modern administrative unit, also called Phocis, is named after the ancient region, although the modern region is substantially larger than the ancient o ...

dialect too, e.g. Κεφαλλάνεσσι ''Kephallanessi'', χρημάτεσσι ''chrêmatessi'' *The infinitive in -εν (''-en'') instead of -ειν (''-ein''), e.g. ''anagraphen'' — ''anagraphein'' *The patronymic names are according to the name they define, an

trait, e.g. Δαναΐς Νικοτελεία ''Danais Nikoteleia'' — Δαναΐς Νικοτέλους ''Danais Nikotelous'' *The preposition κατά (''kata'') governs the

rather than the

, e.g. ''kath'ōn'' — ''kath'a''

Glossary

*
deilomai
' will, want (Locrian and

Delphi Delphi (; ), in legend previously called Pytho (Πυθώ), in ancient times was a sacred precinct that served as the seat of Pythia, the major oracle who was consulted about important decisions throughout the ancient classical world. The orac ...

an) (Attic ''boulomai'') ( Coan ''dêlomai'') (Doric ''bôlomai'') (Thessalian ''bellomai'') *
Werrô
' go away (Attic ''errô'') (

Hsch. Hesychius of Alexandria ( grc, Ἡσύχιος ὁ Ἀλεξανδρεύς, Hēsýchios ho Alexandreús, lit=Hesychios the Alexandrian) was a Greek grammarian who, probably in the 5th or 6th century AD,E. Dickey, Ancient Greek Scholarship (2007) ...

br>''berrês''
fugitive, ''berreuô'' escape) * ''Wesparioi Lokroi'' Epizephyrian (Western) Locrians in

Calabria , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = , demographics1_info1 = , demographics1_title2 ...

(Attic ''hesperios'' of the evening, western, Doric ''wesperios'') (cf. Latin Vesper) IG IX,1² 3:718 * ''Lokroi toi hypoknamidioi'' (Attic ''Lokroi hoi hypoknemidioi'') Hypoknemidian Locrians; under mount Knemis IG IX,1² 3:718 *
opliai
' places where the

counted their cattle

References

External links

*Fr. Bechtel. ''Die griechishe Dialekte'', II. Berlin, 1923. {{Greek language periods Doric Greek Locrians

Ozolian Locrian

Opuntian Locrian

Glossary

See also

References

External links