Donald Sidney Appleyard (July 26, 1928 – September 23, 1982) was an English-American

urban designer Urban means "related to a city". In that sense, the term may refer to: * Urban area, geographical area distinct from rural areas * Urban culture, the culture of towns and cities Urban may also refer to: General * Urban (name), a list of people ...

and theorist, teaching at the

University of California, Berkeley The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California) is a public land-grant research university in Berkeley, California. Established in 1868 as the University of California, it is the state's first land-grant u ...

.Project for Public Spaces: Donald Appleyard
retrieved 29 September 2011 Born in England, Appleyard studied first architecture, and later

urban planning Urban planning, also known as town planning, city planning, regional planning, or rural planning, is a technical and political process that is focused on the development and design of land use and the built environment, including air, water, ...

at the

Massachusetts Institute of Technology The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private land-grant research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Established in 1861, MIT has played a key role in the development of modern technology and science, and is one of the ...

. After graduation, he taught at MIT for six years, and later at the

. He worked on neighbourhood design in

Berkeley Berkeley most often refers to: *Berkeley, California, a city in the United States **University of California, Berkeley, a public university in Berkeley, California * George Berkeley (1685–1753), Anglo-Irish philosopher Berkeley may also refer ...

and

Athens Athens ( ; el, Αθήνα, Athína ; grc, Ἀθῆναι, Athênai (pl.) ) is both the capital and largest city of Greece. With a population close to four million, it is also the seventh largest city in the European Union. Athens dominates ...

and citywide planning in

San Francisco San Francisco (; Spanish for " Saint Francis"), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the commercial, financial, and cultural center of Northern California. The city proper is the fourth most populous in California and 17th ...

and Ciudad Guayana. Appleyard gave lectures at over forty universities and acted in a professional capacity in architecture and planning firms in the

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the European mainland, continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...

and the

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territori ...

. He died in Athens as a consequence of a traffic collision. His 1981 book ''Livable Streets'' was described at the time by

Grady Clay Grady Edward Clay Jr (November 5, 1916 – March 17, 2013) was an American journalist and urbanist specializing in landscape architecture and urban planning. In 1962, the American Institute of Architects said of Clay: "The editor of ''Landscap ...

, the editor of the ''Landscape Architecture magazine'', as "the most thorough and detailed work on urban streets to date". It contained a comparison of three streets of similar

morphology Morphology, from the Greek and meaning "study of shape", may refer to: Disciplines * Morphology (archaeology), study of the shapes or forms of artifacts * Morphology (astronomy), study of the shape of astronomical objects such as nebulae, galaxies ...

in San Francisco, which had different levels of car traffic: one with 2,000 vehicles per day, the others with 8,000 respectively 16,000 vehicles per day. His empirical research demonstrated that residents of the street with low car traffic volume had three times more friends than those living on the street with high car traffic. Appleyard is co-author with

Allan Jacobs Allan B. Jacobs (born 29 December 1928) is an urban designer, renowned for his publications and research on urban design. His well-known paper ''"Toward an Urban Design Manifesto"'', written with Donald Appleyard, describes how cities should be ...

of the paper ''"Toward an Urban Design Manifesto"''. In 2009, he was named number 57 of Planetizen's Top 100 Thinkers of all time.

Publications

* ''The View from the Road'', Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1964. * ''Planning a Pluralistic City'', Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1967. * ''The Conservation of European Cities'', Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1979. * ''Livable Streets'', University of California Press, Berkeley, 1981 * ''Toward an Urban Design Manifesto'',

and Donald Appleyard. Working Paper published 1982; republished with a prologue in the

Journal of the American Planning Association A journal, from the Old French ''journal'' (meaning "daily"), may refer to: *Bullet journal, a method of personal organization *Diary, a record of what happened over the course of a day or other period *Daybook, also known as a general journal, a ...

, 1987.Allan Jacobs and Donald Appleyard, ''Toward an Urban Design Manifesto'', APA Journal, Winter 1987
/ref>

References

External links

Diagram of social interaction relative to car traffic
from ''Livable streets'', 1981
Exposure of Appleyards findingsFinding Aid to the Donald Appleyard Papers, 1954-1982, bulk 1966-1982

The Bancroft Library The Bancroft Library in the center of the campus of the University of California, Berkeley, is the university's primary special-collections library. It was acquired from its founder, Hubert Howe Bancroft, in 1905, with the proviso that it retai ...

{{DEFAULTSORT:Appleyard, Donald Urban theorists MIT School of Architecture and Planning alumni 1928 births 1982 deaths Urban designers UC Berkeley College of Environmental Design faculty Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty Academics from London Road incident deaths in Greece Sustainable transport pioneers

Publications

References

Further reading

External links