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incumbent The incumbent is the current holder of an office or position, usually in relation to an election. In an election for president, the incumbent is the person holding or acting in the office of president before the election, whether seeking re-ele ...
s (individuals holding offices or positions), including heads of states or of subnational entities. A historical discipline, archontology, focuses on the study of past and current office holders. Incumbents may also be found in the countries' articles ( main article and " Politics of") and the list of national leaders, recent changes in
2020 in politics and government Events pertaining to world affairs in 2020, national politics, public policy, government, world economics, and international business, that took place in various nations, regions, organizations, around the world in 2020. January * January 1 * ...
, and past leaders on State leaders by year and Colonial governors by year. Various articles group lists by title, function or topic: e.g. abdication, assassinated persons,
cabinet (government) A cabinet is a body of high-ranking state officials, typically consisting of the executive branch's top leaders. Members of a cabinet are usually called cabinet ministers or secretaries. The function of a cabinet varies: in some countr ...
,
chancellor Chancellor ( la, cancellarius) is a title of various official positions in the governments of many nations. The original chancellors were the of Roman courts of justice—ushers, who sat at the or lattice work screens of a basilica or law cou ...
, ex-monarchs (20th century),
head of government The head of government is the highest or the second-highest official in the executive branch of a sovereign state, a federated state, or a self-governing colony, autonomous region, or other government who often presides over a cabinet, a ...
,
head of state A head of state (or chief of state) is the public persona who officially embodies a state Foakes, pp. 110–11 " he head of statebeing an embodiment of the State itself or representatitve of its international persona." in its unity and ...
, lieutenant governor,
mayor In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilities of a mayor as well ...
, military commanders, minister (and ministers by portfolio below),
order of precedence An order of precedence is a sequential hierarchy of nominal importance and can be applied to individuals, groups, or organizations. Most often it is used in the context of people by many organizations and governments, for very formal and state o ...
,
peerage A peerage is a legal system historically comprising various hereditary titles (and sometimes non-hereditary titles) in a number of countries, and composed of assorted noble ranks. Peerages include: Australia * Australian peers Belgium * Be ...
,
president President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university * President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ...
,
prime minister A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is ...
, Reichstag participants (1792), secretary of state.


Heads of international organizations

* President of the European Council * President of the European Commission *
United Nations Secretary-General The secretary-general of the United Nations (UNSG or SG) is the chief administrative officer of the United Nations and head of the United Nations Secretariat, one of the six principal organs of the United Nations. The role of the secretary- ...
* United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees *
International Monetary Fund The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution, headquartered in Washington, D.C., consisting of 190 countries. Its stated mission is "working to foster glo ...
Managing Directors * Director-General of the World Trade Organization * NATO Secretaries General * FIFA presidents * International Olympic Committee Presidents


Heads of state or government


Africa


Eastern Africa

* Burundi: Rulers of Burundi *
Comoros The Comoros,, ' officially the Union of the Comoros,; ar, الاتحاد القمري ' is an independent country made up of three islands in southeastern Africa, located at the northern end of the Mozambique Channel in the Indian Ocean. It ...
: ** Rulers of Comoros **
Sultans on the Comoros Several sultanates on the Comoros, an archipelago in the Indian Ocean with an ethnically complex mix, were founded after the introduction of Islam into the area in the 15th century. Other uses depending on the island could also be styled ''fani ...
*
Kenya ) , national_anthem = " Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu"() , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Nairobi , coordinates = , largest_city = Nairobi , ...
: Rulers of Kenya *
Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Madagasikara, links=no, ; french: République de Madagascar), is an island country in the Indian Ocean, approximately off the coast of East Afric ...
: Rulers of Madagascar ** Monarchs of Madagascar (until 1897) **
Colonial Heads of Madagascar In 1882, the French Third Republic established a Malagasy Protectorate, protectorate over the Merina Kingdom on the island of Madagascar, with the consent of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom. The French position ...
** List of presidents of Madagascar *
Malawi Malawi (; or aláwi Tumbuka: ''Malaŵi''), officially the Republic of Malawi, is a landlocked country in Southeastern Africa that was formerly known as Nyasaland. It is bordered by Zambia to the west, Tanzania to the north and northe ...
(former Nyasaland, former British Central Africa Protectorate) **
Heads of state of Malawi This is a list of the heads of state of Malawi, from the independence of Malawi in 1964 to the present day. From 1964 to 1966 the head of state under the Constitution of 1964 was the queen of Malawi, Elizabeth II, who was also the queen of the ...
** Heads of government of Malawi ** Colonial heads of Malawi (Nyasaland) *** Rulers of Malawi *** Rulers of Nkamanga ***
Rulers of the Ngoni Dynasty of Jere (Qeko) This is a list of rulers of the Ngoni people, Ngoni dynasty. Jere, (Qeko), (Malawi) and (Tanzania)

Jere Dynasty (Qeko dynasty) (Ngoni Dynasty) {{DEFAULTSORT:Rulers of the Ngoni Dynasty of Jere (Qeko) Malawi history-related lists Tanzania h ...
*** Rulers of the Ngoni Dynasty of Maseko (Gomani) *
Mauritius Mauritius ( ; french: Maurice, link=no ; mfe, label= Mauritian Creole, Moris ), officially the Republic of Mauritius, is an island nation in the Indian Ocean about off the southeast coast of the African continent, east of Madagascar. It ...
**
Queen of Mauritius Elizabeth II was Queen of Mauritius as well as its head of state from 1968 to 1992 when Mauritius was an independent sovereign state and a constitutional monarchy within the Commonwealth of Nations. She was also the monarch of other Commonw ...
**
Presidents of Mauritius The president of the Republic of Mauritius (french: président de la République de Maurice) is the head of state of the Republic of Mauritius. Mauritius is a parliamentary republic, and the president functions as a ceremonial figurehead, elec ...
**
Governors-General of Mauritius Governor-general (plural ''governors-general''), or governor general (plural ''governors general''), is the title of an office-holder. In the context of governors-general and former British colonies, governors-general are appointed as viceroy t ...
** Prime Ministers of Mauritius *
Mozambique Mozambique (), officially the Republic of Mozambique ( pt, Moçambique or , ; ny, Mozambiki; sw, Msumbiji; ts, Muzambhiki), is a country located in southeastern Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi ...
** Heads of state of Mozambique ** Heads of government of Mozambique ** Heads of National Resistance Government of Mozambique ** Colonial heads of Mozambique *** Colonial heads of Delagoa Bay * Rwanda ** Kings of Rwanda **
Presidents of Rwanda President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...
** Prime Ministers of Rwanda *
Seychelles Seychelles (, ; ), officially the Republic of Seychelles (french: link=no, République des Seychelles; Creole: ''La Repiblik Sesel''), is an archipelagic state consisting of 115 islands in the Indian Ocean. Its capital and largest city, ...
** Presidents of Seychelles *
Tanzania Tanzania (; ), officially the United Republic of Tanzania ( sw, Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. It borders Uganda to the north; Kenya to the northeast; Comoro Islands ...
** Presidents of Tanzania ** Prime Ministers of Tanzania ** Presidents of Zanzibar ** Prime Ministers of Zanzibar *** Governors-General of Tanganyika *** Presidents of Tanganyika *** Sultans of Zanzibar *
Uganda }), is a landlocked country in East Africa. The country is bordered to the east by Kenya, to the north by South Sudan, to the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, to the south-west by Rwanda, and to the south by Tanzania. The ...
** Governors-General of Uganda **
Presidents of Uganda The president of the Republic of Uganda is the head of state and the head of government of Uganda. The president leads the executive branch of the government of Uganda and is the commander-in-chief of the Uganda People's Defence Force. The in ...
**
Prime Ministers of Uganda The prime minister of Uganda chairs the Cabinet of Uganda, although the president is the effective head of government. Robinah Nabbanja has been the prime minister since 21 June 2021. The post of Prime Minister was created for the first time in ...
** Kings of Nkole **Kings of Buganda *
Zambia Zambia (), officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central, Southern and East Africa, although it is typically referred to as being in Southern Africa at its most central point. Its neighbours are t ...
**
Presidents of Zambia The president of Zambia is the head of state and the head of government of Zambia. The office was first held by Kenneth Kaunda following Zambia Independence Act 1964, independence in 1964. Since 1991, when Kaunda left the presidency, the offic ...
*
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe (), officially the Republic of Zimbabwe, is a landlocked country located in Southeast Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers, bordered by South Africa to the south, Botswana to the south-west, Zambia to the north, and ...
** Munhumutapa emperors ** Prime Ministers of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland ** Prime Ministers of Rhodesia ** Presidents of Rhodesia ** Presidents of Zimbabwe


Horn of Africa

*
Djibouti Djibouti, ar, جيبوتي ', french: link=no, Djibouti, so, Jabuuti officially the Republic of Djibouti, is a country in the Horn of Africa, bordered by Somalia to the south, Ethiopia to the southwest, Eritrea in the north, and the Red ...
: Rulers of Djibouti *
Eritrea Eritrea ( ; ti, ኤርትራ, Ertra, ; ar, إرتريا, ʾIritriyā), officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa region of Eastern Africa, with its capital and largest city at Asmara. It is bordered by Ethiopi ...
: Rulers of Eritrea *
Ethiopia Ethiopia, , om, Itiyoophiyaa, so, Itoobiya, ti, ኢትዮጵያ, Ítiyop'iya, aa, Itiyoppiya officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the ...
: Rulers of Ethiopia *
Somalia Somalia, , Osmanya script: 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒕𐒖; ar, الصومال, aṣ-Ṣūmāl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constitut ...
: Presidents of Somalia * Somaliland: Presidents of Somaliland


Middle Africa

*
Angola , national_anthem = "Angola Avante"() , image_map = , map_caption = , capital = Luanda , religion = , religion_year = 2020 , religion_ref = , coordinat ...
** Heads of state of Angola (''see also: '' Presidents of Angola ** Heads of government of Angola (''see also: '' Prime Minister of Angola **
List of current Angolan ministers The Cabinet of Angola is the chief executive body of the Republic of Angola. References External linksgoverno.gov.ao(in Portuguese) Cabinet Angolan ministers Ministers Angola , national_anthem = "Angola Avante"() , imag ...
**
Colonial heads of Angola This is a list of European (Portuguese and Dutch) colonial administrators responsible for the territory of Portuguese Angola, an area equivalent to modern-day Republic of Angola. List (Dates in italics indicate ''de facto'' continuation of ...
*** Heads of state of the Democratic People's Republic of Angola *** Heads of government of the Democratic People's Republic of Angola *** Heads of state of Cabinda *** Heads of government of Cabinda *** Colonial and provincial heads of Cabinda *
Cameroon Cameroon (; french: Cameroun, ff, Kamerun), officially the Republic of Cameroon (french: République du Cameroun, links=no), is a country in west-central Africa. It is bordered by Nigeria to the west and north; Chad to the northeast; the ...
**
Heads of state of Cameroon This is a list of presidents of Cameroon since the country gained independence from France in 1960 to the present day.A total of two people have served as President of Cameroon.The current President of Cameroon is Paul Biya, since 6 November 198 ...
** Heads of government of Cameroon ** Colonial heads of British Cameroon (Cameroons) *** Heads of government of British Cameroon (Cameroons) *** Colonial heads of French Cameroon (Cameroun) *** Heads of government of French Cameroon (Cameroun) *** Colonial heads of German Cameroon (Kamerun) *** Colonial heads of Ambas Bay (Victoria Colony) *** Rulers of Bamoun (Mum) ***
Rulers of Mandara The Mandara Kingdom (sometimes called Wandala) was an African kingdom in the Mandara Mountains of what is today Cameroon. The Mandara people are descended from the kingdom's inhabitants. History Tradition states that Mandara was founded shor ...
*
Central African Republic The Central African Republic (CAR; ; , RCA; , or , ) is a landlocked country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Chad to the north, Sudan to the northeast, South Sudan to the southeast, the DR Congo to the south, the Republic of th ...
** Heads of state of the Central African Republic (and Central African Empire) **
Heads of government of the Central African Republic (and Central African Empire) This article lists the heads of government of the Central African Republic. There have been twenty-five heads of government of the Central African Republic and the Central African Empire. The office of Prime Minister, the head of government, wa ...
** Colonial heads of Central Africa (Oubangui-Chari) *
Chad Chad (; ar, تشاد , ; french: Tchad, ), officially the Republic of Chad, '; ) is a landlocked country at the crossroads of North and Central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic ...
** Heads of state of Chad **
Heads of government of Chad This is a list of prime ministers of Chad since the formation of the post of Prime Minister of Chad in 1978 to the present day. A total of eighteen people have served as Prime Minister of Chad (not counting one Acting Prime Minister). Additi ...
**
Colonial heads of Chad (Dates in ''italics'' indicate ''de facto'' continuation of office) For continuation after independence, ''see: ''List of Presidents of Chad, President of Chad See also

*Chad **Heads of state of Chad **Heads of government of Chad *Lists o ...
*** Rulers of Baguirmi *** Rulers of Wada’i ** Kanem-Bornu emperors * Congo, Democratic Republic of the (Zaire/'Congo-Kinshasa') ** Heads of state of the Democratic Republic of the Congo ** Heads of government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo ** Heads of state of the Congo Free State ** Colonial heads of Congo *** Rulers of Katanga *** Rulers of Kuba *** Rulers of Luba *** Rulers of Ruund (Luunda) *** Rulers of Kasongo Luunda (Yaka) *** Rulers of Kongo *** Kongo ** Rulers of Kongo * Congo, Republic of the (Congo-Brazzaville) ** Heads of state of the Republic of the Congo ** Heads of government of the Republic of the Congo *** Colonial heads of French Equatorial Africa * Equatorial Guinea ** Heads of state of Equatorial Guinea ** Heads of government of Equatorial Guinea ** Colonial heads of Equatorial Guinea (Fernando Poo/Spanish Guinea) *
Gabon Gabon (; ; snq, Ngabu), officially the Gabonese Republic (french: République gabonaise), is a country on the west coast of Central Africa. Located on the equator, it is bordered by Equatorial Guinea to the northwest, Cameroon to the nort ...
** Heads of state of Gabon ** Heads of government of Gabon ** Colonial heads of Gabon ***
Rulers of Orungu The combination of heredity succession to the election. The king is elected by heads of clans, among the son or brothers of King deceased mother's side. This procedure ensures that all clans have a chance to power. List of Agamwinboni (Rulers) o ...
* São Tomé and Príncipe ** Heads of state of São Tomé and Príncipe **
Heads of government of São Tomé and Príncipe A head is the part of an organism which usually includes the ears, brain, forehead, cheeks, chin, eyes, nose, and mouth, each of which aid in various sensory functions such as sight, hearing, smell, and taste. Some very simple animals may not ...
** Presidents of the Regional Government of Príncipe **
Colonial Heads of São Tomé and Príncipe Colonial or The Colonial may refer to: * Colonial, of, relating to, or characteristic of a colony or colony (biology) Architecture * American colonial architecture * French Colonial * Spanish Colonial architecture Automobiles * Colonial (1920 a ...


Northern Africa

*
Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig ...
**People's Democratic Republic of Algeria *** Heads of state of Algeria *** Heads of government of Algeria (''see also: ''
Prime Ministers of Algeria A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only ways ...
** French Algeria (French departements) *** French Governors of Algeria ** Ottoman regency of Algiers *** Ottoman Pashas and Deys of the Regency of Algiers **
Tlemcen Tlemcen (; ar, تلمسان, translit=Tilimsān) is the second-largest city in northwestern Algeria after Oran, and capital of the Tlemcen Province. The city has developed leather, carpet, and textile industries, which it exports through the p ...
(Western Algeria) before the Ottomans *** Ziyanid dynasty **Western Ifriqiya (Eastern Algeria) before the Ottomans *** Hammadid dynasty *
Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning the North Africa, northeast corner of Africa and Western Asia, southwest corner of Asia via a land bridg ...
**
Rulers of Egypt Lists of rulers of Egypt: * List of pharaohs (c. 3100 BC – 30 BC) ** List of Satraps of the 27th Dynasty (525–404 BC) ** List of Satraps of the 31st Dynasty (343–332 BC) * List of governors of Roman Egypt (30 BC – 639 AD) * List of rul ...
** Heads of government of Egypt ** Colonial heads of Egypt **
Pharaoh Pharaoh (, ; Egyptian: '' pr ꜥꜣ''; cop, , Pǝrro; Biblical Hebrew: ''Parʿō'') is the vernacular term often used by modern authors for the kings of ancient Egypt who ruled as monarchs from the First Dynasty (c. 3150 BC) until th ...
s ** Egyptian dynasties ** Bahri dynasty of Egypt ** Burji dynasty of Egypt ** Ayyubid dynasty ** Fatimid Caliphs ** Monarchs of the Muhammad Ali Dynasty *
Libya Libya (; ar, ليبيا, Lībiyā), officially the State of Libya ( ar, دولة ليبيا, Dawlat Lībiyā), is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Suda ...
** Heads of state of Libya ** Heads of government of Libya ** Colonial heads of Libya *** Colonial Heads of Tripolitania *** Colonial heads of Cyrenaica *** Colonial heads of Fezzan ** Governors of Spanish and Hospitaller Tripoli ** Rulers of Ottoman Libya ** Chiefs of the Senussi order ** Cyrene: Kings of Cyrene *
Morocco Morocco (),, ) officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is the westernmost country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It overlooks the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to A ...
**
List of rulers of Morocco This is the list of rulers of Morocco, since the establishment of the state in 789. The common and formal titles of these rulers has varied, depending on the time period. Since 1957, the designation King has been used. The present King of Moroc ...
** Heads of government of Morocco *** French Resident Ministers in Morocco *** Spanish High Commissioners in Morocco *** Administrators of the Tangier International Zone ** Alaouite dynasty **
Saadi dynasty The Saadi Sultanate (also rendered in English as Sa'di, Sa'did, Sa'dian, or Saadian; ar, السعديون, translit=as-saʿdiyyūn) was a state which ruled present-day Morocco and parts of West Africa in the 16th and 17th centuries. It was l ...
** Wattasid dynasty **
Marinid dynasty The Marinid Sultanate was a Berber Muslim empire from the mid-13th to the 15th century which controlled present-day Morocco and, intermittently, other parts of North Africa (Algeria and Tunisia) and of the southern Iberian Peninsula (Spain) a ...
** Almohad dynasty ** Almoravid dynasty ** Idrisid dynasty ** Presidents of Western Sahara *
Sudan Sudan ( or ; ar, السودان, as-Sūdān, officially the Republic of the Sudan ( ar, جمهورية السودان, link=no, Jumhūriyyat as-Sūdān), is a country in Northeast Africa. It shares borders with the Central African Republic t ...
(formerly Anglo-Egyptian -) **
Presidents of Sudan This article lists the heads of state of Sudan since the country's independence in 1956. History of the office Since independence was proclaimed on 1 January 1956, six individuals (and three multi-member sovereignty councils) have served as ...
** Prime Ministers of Sudan ** Presidents of Southern Sudan ** Vice-Presidents of Southern Sudan ** Kings of Makuria ** Kings of Sennar **
Kush Kush or Cush may refer to: Bible * Cush (Bible), two people and one or more places in the Hebrew Bible Places * Kush (mountain), a mountain near Kalat, Pakistan Balochistan * Kush (satrapy), a satrapy of the Achaemenid Empire * Hindu Kush, a ...
*** Kushite Kings *** List of Egyptian viceroys of Kush *
Tunisia ) , image_map = Tunisia location (orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = Location of Tunisia in northern Africa , image_map2 = , capital = Tunis , largest_city = capital , ...
** Presidents of Tunisia ** Prime Ministers of Tunisia ** Beys of Tunis ** Hafsid dynasty ** Zirid dynasty ** Aghlabid dynasty **
Carthage Carthage was the capital city of Ancient Carthage, on the eastern side of the Lake of Tunis in what is now Tunisia. Carthage was one of the most important trading hubs of the Ancient Mediterranean and one of the most affluent cities of the classi ...
: Kings of Carthage


Southern Africa

*
Botswana Botswana (, ), officially the Republic of Botswana ( tn, Lefatshe la Botswana, label= Setswana, ), is a landlocked country in Southern Africa. Botswana is topographically flat, with approximately 70 percent of its territory being the Kal ...
** Heads of state of Botswana **
Heads of government of Botswana The office of Prime Minister of the Bechuanaland Protectorate existed from 3 March 1965 to 30 September 1966, during which time it was held by one individual, Seretse Khama, who later served as the first President of Botswana from 1966 until his ...
** List of commissioners of Bechuanaland ***Rulers of baKgatla ***Rulers of baKwêna ***
Rulers of Balete (baMalete) Lete has been led by a kgôsikgolo, or a paramount chief, since its establishment in 1780. Mosadi Seboko has been the kgôsikgolo of Lete since 2002. List of Rulers of Balete (baMalete) Territory located in present-day Botswana. Kgôsikgolo ...
***
Rulers of baNgwaketse The following is a list of rulers of baNgwaketse, a territory located in present-day Botswana. Kgôsikgolo = ''Paramount Chief'' (Dates in italics indicate ''de facto ''continuation of office) {, class="wikitable" , - align=left ! width="18%" ...
***
Rulers of Bangwato (bamaNgwato) A ruler, sometimes called a rule, line gauge, or scale, is a device used in geometry and technical drawing, as well as the engineering and construction industries, to measure distances or draw straight lines. Variants Rulers have long ...
***
Rulers of baRôlông List of Rulers of baRôlông Territory located in present-day Botswana and South Africa. Kgôsikgolo = ''Paramount Chief'' At this point the Barolong found themselves separated by the Botswana - South Africa border. There are other Barolo ...
***
Rulers of baTawana This is a list of the Rulers of baTawana, a territory in the present-day northern half of Botswana, formerly part of the Bechuanaland Protectorate. Kgôsikgolo = ''Paramount Chief'' See also *Botswana **Heads of state of Botswana ** Heads of g ...
***
Rulers of baTlôkwa A ruler, sometimes called a rule, line gauge, or scale, is a device used in geometry and technical drawing, as well as the engineering and construction industries, to measure distances or draw straight lines. Variants Rulers have long ...
* Lesotho ** Kings of Lesotho ** Heads of government of Lesotho *
Namibia Namibia (, ), officially the Republic of Namibia, is a country in Southern Africa. Its western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares land borders with Zambia and Angola to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and ea ...
**
Presidents of Namibia President most commonly refers to: * President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university * President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ...
** Prime Ministers of Namibia *
South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring coun ...
** List of Bhaca kings ** List of Hlubi Kings ** List of Mpondo Kings ** List of Mpondomise Kings ** List of Ndebele Kings ** List of Thembu Kings ** List of Xhosa Kings & Chiefs **
List of Zulu kings This article lists the Zulu monarchs, including chieftains and kings of the Zulu royal family from their earliest known history up to the present time. Pre-Zulu The Zulu King lineage stretches to as far as Luzumana, who is believed to have li ...
** Governors-General of South Africa **
State President of South Africa The State President of the Republic of South Africa ( af, Staatspresident) was the head of state of South Africa from 1961 to 1994. The office was established when the country became a republic on 31 May 1961, albeit, outside the Commonweal ...
** Prime Ministers of South Africa **Homelands Leaders: *** Heads of state of Bophuthatswana *** Heads of state of Ciskei *** Chief Ministers of Gazankulu *** Chief Ministers of KaNgwane ***
Chief Ministers of KwaNdebele Leaders of KwaNdebele (Dates in italics indicate ''de facto ''continuation of office) See also

*Bantustan *President of South Africa *State President of South Africa *List of prime ministers of South Africa *Governor-General of the Union o ...
*** Chief Ministers of KwaZulu ***
Chief Ministers of Lebowa Leaders of Lebowa (Dates in italics indicate ''de facto ''continuation of office) {, class="wikitable sortable" , - align=left !Tenure !Name !Role !Affiliation , - valign=top , colspan="4", Lebowa , - , August 1969 to ''2 October 1972'' , Mo ...
*** Chief Ministers of QwaQwa ***
Heads of government of Transkei This article lists the leaders of the TBVC states, the four Bantustans which were declared nominally independent by the government of the Republic of South Africa during the period of apartheid, which lasted from 1948 to 1994. Their independenc ...
*** Heads of state of Transkei ***
Heads of state of Venda This article lists the leaders of the TBVC states, the four Bantustans which were declared nominally independent by the government of the Republic of South Africa during the period of apartheid, which lasted from 1948 to 1994. Their independenc ...
** President of South Africa ** South African Premiers * Swaziland ** Kings of Swaziland **
Heads of government of Swaziland This is a list of prime ministers of Eswatini () since the formation of the post in 1967. Eleven people have been Prime Minister of Eswatini, plus seven acting prime ministers. One person, Barnabas Sibusiso Dlamini, held two non-consecutive ter ...


Western Africa

*
Benin Benin ( , ; french: Bénin , ff, Benen), officially the Republic of Benin (french: République du Bénin), and formerly Dahomey, is a country in West Africa. It is bordered by Togo to the west, Nigeria to the east, Burkina Faso to the nort ...
(former Dahomey) ** Heads of state of Benin ** Heads of government of Benin ** Colonial heads of Benin (Dahomey and Porto-Novo) *** Colonial heads of São João Baptista de Ajudá *** Rulers of Hogbonu (Ajashe/Porto-Novo) ** Bariba (Borgu) states *** Rulers of the Bariba state of Kandi ***
Rulers of the Bariba state of Kwande This is the list of rulers of the Bariba state of Kwande. List of Rulers of the Bariba (Borgu) state of Kouande Territory located in present-day Benin. The king of Kouande is called "Bagana" meaning Bull. Banga = ''Ruler''. See also *Benin ...
*** Rulers of the Bariba state of Nikki *** Rulers of the Bariba state of Paraku ** Berba states *** Rulers of the Berba state of Gwande ** Ewe states *** Rulers of the Ewe state of Agwe **
Fon states The Fon people, also called Fon nu, Agadja or Dahomey, are a Gbe languages, Gbe ethnic group.Fon people
Encycl ...
*** Rulers of the Fon state of Alada (Allada) *** Rulers of the Fon state of Danhome (Agbome) (Dahomey) *** Rulers of the Fon state of Savi Hweda ** Gurmanche states *** Rulers of the Gurmanche state of Jugu (Sugu) ** Mahi states *** Rulers of the Mahi state of Fitta ***
Rulers of the Mahi state of Savalu This is a list of rulers of the Mahi state of Savalu, located in present-day Benin. Rulers of the Mahi state of Savalu See also *Benin ** Mahi states **Mahi people *Lists of office-holders These are lists of incumbents (individuals holding ...
**
Yoruba states Yorubaland () is the homeland and cultural region of the Yoruba people in West Africa. It spans the modern-day countries of Nigeria, Togo and Benin, and covers a total land area of 142,114 km2 or about 60% of the land area of Ghana. Of t ...
*** Rulers of the Yoruba state of Dassa *** Rulers of the Yoruba state of Icha *** Rulers of the Yoruba state of Ketu *** Rulers of the Yoruba state of Sabe *
Burkina Faso Burkina Faso (, ; , ff, 𞤄𞤵𞤪𞤳𞤭𞤲𞤢 𞤊𞤢𞤧𞤮, italic=no) is a landlocked country in West Africa with an area of , bordered by Mali to the northwest, Niger to the northeast, Benin to the southeast, Togo and Ghana t ...
(former Upper Volta) ** Heads of state of Burkina Faso ** Heads of government of Burkina Faso (''see also:'' Prime Minister of Burkina Faso ') ** Colonial heads of Burkina Faso (Upper Volta) ** List of rulers of Liptako ** Mossi States:- *** Rulers of the Mossi state of Gurunsi *** Rulers of the Mossi state of Gwiriko *** Rulers of the Mossi state of Tenkodogo ***
Rulers of the Mossi state of Wogodogo The ''mogho naba'' of Wogodogo is the ruler ("king of the world") of Wogodogo, one of the Mossi Kingdoms located in present-day Burkina Faso. The kingdom takes its name from its historic capital, now the Burkinabe national capital of Ouagadougou. ...
*** Rulers of the Mossi state of Yatenga ***
Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Bilanga Territory located in present-day Burkina Faso. Bilanbedo = ''Ruler'' {, class="wikitable" , - align=left ! width="18%", Tenure ! width="30%", Incumbent ! width="30%", Notes , - valign=top , colspan="3", Buricimba Dynasty , - valign=top bgcolo ...
***
Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Bilayanga List of rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Bilayanga Territory located in present-day Burkina Faso. {, class="wikitable" , - align=left ! width="18%", Tenure ! width="30%", Incumbent ! width="30%", Notes , - , colspan="3", Buricimba Dynasty ...
*** Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Bongandini ***
Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Con Below is a list of rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Con, a territory located in present-day Burkina Faso. List of rulers See also * Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Bilanga * Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Bilayanga * Rulers of the Gurm ...
***
Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Macakoali List of Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Macakoali Territory located in present-day Burkina Faso. Boopo = ''Ruler'' {, class="wikitable" , - align=left ! width="18%", Tenure ! width="30%", Incumbent ! width="30%", Notes , - valign=top , c ...
***
Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Nungu List of Rulers of the Nungu Kingdom sometimes referred to as the Gurma Kingdom or Empire. The state was created by the Gurmanche people who are closely related to the Mossi people This territory located in present-day Burkina Faso. Nunbado = ...
***
Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Piela List of Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Piela Territory located in present-day Burkina Faso. Pielabedo = ''Ruler'' {, class="wikitable" , - align=left ! width="18%", Tenure ! width="30%", Incumbent ! width="20%", Notes , - valign=top , c ...
*
Cape Verde , national_anthem = () , official_languages = Portuguese , national_languages = Cape Verdean Creole , capital = Praia , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , demonym ...
** Heads of state of Cape Verde **
Heads of government of Cape Verde This article lists the prime ministers of Cape Verde, an island country in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of West Africa, since the establishment of the office of prime minister in 1975. Pedro Pires was the first person to hold the office, ...
(''see also:'' Prime Minister of Cape Verde ') ** Colonial heads of Cape Verde * Ivory Coast ** Heads of state of Ivory Coast ** Heads of government of Ivory Coast ** Colonial heads of Ivory Coast *
The Gambia The Gambia,, ff, Gammbi, ar, غامبيا officially the Republic of The Gambia, is a country in West Africa. It is the smallest country within mainland AfricaHoare, Ben. (2002) ''The Kingfisher A-Z Encyclopedia'', Kingfisher Publicatio ...
** Heads of state of the Gambia (''see also'' Governors-General of the Gambia) ** Heads of government of the Gambia ** Colonial Heads of the Gambia *
Ghana Ghana (; tw, Gaana, ee, Gana), officially the Republic of Ghana, is a country in West Africa. It abuts the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean to the south, sharing borders with Ivory Coast in the west, Burkina Faso in the north, and Tog ...
:
Rulers of Ghana This is a list of rulers and office-holders of Ghana. Heads of state *List of heads of state of Ghana Colonial governors *List of Governors-General of Ghana *List of governors of the Gold Coast *List of colonial governors of the Danish Gold Coas ...
** Heads of state of Ghana ** Emperors of Ghana * Guinea **
Heads of state of Guinea This article lists the President (government title), presidents of Guinea, since the country gained independence from France in 1958 (after rejecting to join the French Community in a 1958 Guinean constitutional referendum, constitutional refer ...
**
Heads of government of Guinea This article lists the prime ministers of Guinea, since the establishment of the office of Prime Minister in 1972. List Key ;''Political parties'' * * * * ;''Other factions'' * * Officeholders Notes Timeline See also *Guinea ** List o ...
** Colonial heads of Guinea *
Guinea-Bissau Guinea-Bissau ( ; pt, Guiné-Bissau; ff, italic=no, 𞤘𞤭𞤲𞤫 𞤄𞤭𞤧𞤢𞥄𞤱𞤮, Gine-Bisaawo, script=Adlm; Mandinka: ''Gine-Bisawo''), officially the Republic of Guinea-Bissau ( pt, República da Guiné-Bissau, links=no ) ...
** Heads of state of Guinea-Bissau **
Heads of government of Guinea-Bissau This article lists the prime ministers of Guinea-Bissau, since the establishment of the office of prime minister in 1973. Since Guinea-Bissau's declaration of independence from Portugal on 24 September 1974, there have been twenty prime minis ...
** Colonial heads of Portuguese Guinea ***
Colonial heads of Bissau List of colonial heads of Bissau The territory is located in Guinea-Bissau. Early incumbents, all styled Captain-major: *15 March 1692 – 15 March 1694 José Pinheiro da Câmara *1694–1696 Santao Vidigal Castanho *1696–1699 José Pinheiro ...
*** Colonial heads of Cacheu * Liberia **
Presidents of Liberia President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...
** Agents and Governors of Liberia *** Colonial heads of Maryland *** Colonial heads of Mississippi *** Colonial Heads of Port Cresson and Bassa Cove *
Mali Mali (; ), officially the Republic of Mali,, , ff, 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞥆𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 𞤃𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭, Renndaandi Maali, italics=no, ar, جمهورية مالي, Jumhūriyyāt Mālī is a landlocked country in West Africa. Ma ...
(former French Sudan) ** Heads of state of Mali ** Heads of government of Mali ** Colonial heads of Mali **Emperors of Mali, see '' Mali Empire'' **Kings of Mali, see '' Mansa'' **Songhai emperors, see '' Songhai Empire'' * Mauritania **
Heads of state of Mauritania This is a list of heads of state of Mauritania since the country gained independence from France in 1960 to the present day. A total of nine people have served as head of state of Mauritania (not counting one Acting President). Additionally, o ...
** Heads of government of Mauritania ** Colonial heads of Mauritania *
Niger ) , official_languages = , languages_type = National languagesHeads of state of Niger ** Heads of government of Niger *
Nigeria Nigeria ( ), , ig, Naìjíríyà, yo, Nàìjíríà, pcm, Naijá , ff, Naajeeriya, kcg, Naijeriya officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa. It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf o ...
** Governors-General of Nigeria **
Presidents of Nigeria President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...
** Heads of State of Biafra ** List of Sultans of Sokoto *
Senegal Senegal,; Wolof: ''Senegaal''; Pulaar: 𞤅𞤫𞤲𞤫𞤺𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭 (Senegaali); Arabic: السنغال ''As-Sinighal'') officially the Republic of Senegal,; Wolof: ''Réewum Senegaal''; Pulaar : 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 ...
** Presidents of Senegal *
Sierra Leone Sierra Leone,)]. officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country on the southwest coast of West Africa. It is bordered by Liberia to the southeast and Guinea surrounds the northern half of the nation. Covering a total area of , Sierr ...
** List of Governors-General of Sierra Leone, Governors-General of Sierra Leone ** Presidents of Sierra Leone **
Heads of government of Sierra Leone This is a list of heads of government of Sierra Leone, from the establishment of the office of Chief Minister in 1954 until the present day. The office of Prime Minister was abolished after the constitutional referendum in 1978, and reinstated ...
*
Togo Togo (), officially the Togolese Republic (french: République togolaise), is a country in West Africa. It is bordered by Ghana to the west, Benin to the east and Burkina Faso to the north. It extends south to the Gulf of Guinea, where its c ...
** Heads of State of Togo ** Heads of government of Togo


Americas


Caribbean

* Antigua and Barbuda ** Governors-General of Antigua and Barbuda **
Prime Ministers of Antigua and Barbuda A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only way ...
*
Bahamas The Bahamas (), officially the Commonwealth of The Bahamas, is an island country within the Lucayan Archipelago of the West Indies in the North Atlantic. It takes up 97% of the Lucayan Archipelago's land area and is home to 88% of the a ...
** Governors-General of the Bahamas ** Heads of government of the Bahamas ** Colonial heads of the Bahamas *
Barbados Barbados is an island country in the Lesser Antilles of the West Indies, in the Caribbean region of the Americas, and the most easterly of the Caribbean Islands. It occupies an area of and has a population of about 287,000 (2019 estima ...
** Presidents of Barbados **
Prime Ministers of Barbados This is a list of prime ministers of Barbados. Premiers of Barbados (1953–1966) Queen Elizabeth II in right of the United Kingdom (1953–66) Prime Ministers of Barbados (1966–Present) Queen Elizabeth II in right of Barbados (1966–20 ...
*
Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribb ...
** First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba (''de facto'' leader) **
Presidents of Cuba President most commonly refers to: * President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university * President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ...
** Premiers of Cuba **
Colonial heads of Cuba This is a list of colonial heads of Cuba. Dates in italics indicate ''de facto'' continuation of office. For continuation after independence ''see'' List of presidents of Cuba This article lists the heads of state of Cuba from 1902 until t ...
* Dominica **
Presidents of Dominica President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...
**
Prime Ministers of Dominica A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only ways ...
*
Dominican Republic The Dominican Republic ( ; es, República Dominicana, ) is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean region. It occupies the eastern five-eighths of the island, which it shares with ...
** Presidents of the Dominican Republic * Grenada **
Governors-General of Grenada Governor-general (plural ''governors-general''), or governor general (plural ''governors general''), is the title of an office-holder. In the context of governors-general and former British colonies, governors-general are appointed as viceroy t ...
**
Prime Ministers of Grenada A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only ways ...
** Colonial heads of Grenada ** Colonial heads of the Windward Islands *
Haiti Haiti (; ht, Ayiti ; French: ), officially the Republic of Haiti (); ) and formerly known as Hayti, is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, east of Cuba and Jamaica, and s ...
** List of colonial governors of Saint-Domingue ** Presidents of Haiti *
Jamaica Jamaica (; ) is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea. Spanning in area, it is the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles and the Caribbean (after Cuba and Hispaniola). Jamaica lies about south of Cuba, and west of Hispa ...
**
Governors-General of Jamaica Governor-general (plural ''governors-general''), or governor general (plural ''governors general''), is the title of an office-holder. In the context of governors-general and former British colonies, governors-general are appointed as viceroy t ...
**
Prime Ministers of Jamaica A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only ways ...
* Saint Kitts and Nevis **
Governors-General of Saint Kitts and Nevis Governor-general (plural ''governors-general''), or governor general (plural ''governors general''), is the title of an office-holder. In the context of governors-general and former British colonies, governors-general are appointed as viceroy t ...
**
Prime Ministers of Saint Kitts and Nevis A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only ways ...
* Saint Lucia **
Governors-General of Saint Lucia Governor-general (plural ''governors-general''), or governor general (plural ''governors general''), is the title of an office-holder. In the context of governors-general and former British colonies, governors-general are appointed as viceroy t ...
**
Prime Ministers of Saint Lucia A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only ways ...
*
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Saint Vincent and the Grenadines () is an island country in the Caribbean. It is located in the southeast Windward Islands of the Lesser Antilles, which lie in the West Indies at the southern end of the eastern border of the Caribbean Se ...
**
Governors-General of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Governor-general (plural ''governors-general''), or governor general (plural ''governors general''), is the title of an office-holder. In the context of governors-general and former British colonies, governors-general are appointed as viceroy t ...
** Prime Ministers of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines *
Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago (, ), officially the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, is the southernmost island country in the Caribbean. Consisting of the main islands Trinidad and Tobago, and numerous much smaller islands, it is situated south of ...
** Presidents of Trinidad and Tobago ** Prime Ministers of Trinidad and Tobago


Central America

*
Belize Belize (; bzj, Bileez) is a Caribbean and Central American country on the northeastern coast of Central America. It is bordered by Mexico to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and Guatemala to the west and south. It also shares a wa ...
**
Governors-General of Belize Governor-general (plural ''governors-general''), or governor general (plural ''governors general''), is the title of an office-holder. In the context of governors-general and former British colonies, governors-general are appointed as viceroy t ...
**
Prime Ministers of Belize A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only ways ...
**Maya rulers of Caracol, see '' Caracol'' *
Costa Rica Costa Rica (, ; ; literally "Rich Coast"), officially the Republic of Costa Rica ( es, República de Costa Rica), is a country in the Central American region of North America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the no ...
**
Presidents of Costa Rica President most commonly refers to: * President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university * President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ...
* El Salvador ** Presidents of El Salvador * Guatemala ** Presidents of Guatemala **Maya rulers of Tikal, see ''
Tikal Tikal () (''Tik’al'' in modern Mayan orthography) is the ruin of an ancient city, which was likely to have been called Yax Mutal, found in a rainforest in Guatemala. It is one of the largest archeological sites and urban centers of the pre- ...
'' *
Honduras Honduras, officially the Republic of Honduras, is a country in Central America. The republic of Honduras is bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by Nicaragua, to the south by the Pacific Oce ...
** Presidents of Honduras **Maya kings of Xukpi, see '' Copán'' *
Nicaragua Nicaragua (; ), officially the Republic of Nicaragua (), is the largest country in Central America, bordered by Honduras to the north, the Caribbean to the east, Costa Rica to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Managua is the coun ...
** Presidents of Nicaragua *
Panama Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República de Panamá), is a transcontinental country spanning the southern part of North America and the northern part of South America. It is bordered by Co ...
** Presidents of Panama


North America

*Canada **
Office-holders of Canada This is a list of leaders and office-holders of Canada. See also Canadian incumbents by year. Monarchs * Monarchs of Canadian territories (1497–) * Monarchs of Canada (1497–) Federal Governors General * Governors General of Canada (1627 ...
*
Mexico Mexico (Spanish language, Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a List of sovereign states, country in the southern portion of North America. It is borders of Mexico, bordered to the north by the United States; to the so ...
**
Presidents of Mexico The Head of State of Mexico is the person who controls the executive power in the country. Under the current constitution, this responsibility lies with the President of the United Mexican States, who is head of the supreme executive power of th ...
** Mexican monarchs **
Aztec The Aztecs () were a Mesoamerican culture that flourished in central Mexico in the post-classic period from 1300 to 1521. The Aztec people included different ethnic groups of central Mexico, particularly those groups who spoke the Nahuatl ...
emperors, see '' Hueyi Tlatoani'' **Maya rulers of Calakmul, see '' Calakmul'' **Maya rulers of Palenque, see '' Palenque'' **Maya rulers of Tonina, see '' Tonina'' ** Toltec rulers ** Viceroys of New Spain *United States **
Office-holders of the United States This is a list of leaders and office-holders of United States of America. Heads of state and government *Presidents of the United States *Vice presidents of the United States Current and former members of the U.S. Congress * Current members ...


South America

*
Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest ...
** Presidents of Argentina *
Bolivia , image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg , flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from top to bottom) with the coat of arms of Bolivia in the center , flag_alt2 = 7 × 7 square p ...
**
Presidents of Bolivia The president of Bolivia is the head of state and head of government of Bolivia, directly elected to a five-year term by the Bolivian people. The officeholder leads the executive branch of the government and is the captain general of the Armed ...
*Brazil **
Brazilian monarchs Brazilian commonly refers to: * Something of, from or relating to Brazil * Brazilian Portuguese, the dialect of the Portuguese language used mostly in Brazil * Brazilians, the people (citizens) of Brazil, or of Brazilian descent Brazilian may al ...
**
Presidents of Brazil The president of Brazil ( pt, Presidente do Brasil), officially the president of the Federative Republic of Brazil ( pt, Presidente da República Federativa do Brasil) or simply the ''President of the Republic'', is the head of state and head o ...
*** Governors of Distrito Federal *** Governors of Minas Gerais **** Mayors of Belo Horizonte *** Governors of Rio de Janeiro **** Mayors of Rio de Janeiro *** Governors of São Paulo *
Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the eas ...
**
Presidents of Chile The president of Chile ( es, Presidente de Chile), officially known as the President of the Republic of Chile ( es, Presidente de la República de Chile), is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of Chile. The president is re ...
*** Governors of Cardenal Caro **** Mayors of Pichilemu **
Kings of Easter Island Easter Island was traditionally ruled by a monarchy, with a king as its leader. First paramount chief The legendary, first chief of Easter Island is said to have been Hotu Matuꞌa, whose arrival has been dated in the 4th, 6th or 9th century ...
** Royal Governors of Chile *
Colombia Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the ...
** Presidents of Colombia *** List of Governors of the Department of Quindío *
Ecuador Ecuador ( ; ; Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechua: ''Ikwadur Ripuwlika''; Shuar: ' ...
** Presidents of Ecuador ** Heads of State of Ecuador * Guyana **
Governors-General of Guyana Governor-general (plural ''governors-general''), or governor general (plural ''governors general''), is the title of an office-holder. In the context of governors-general and former British colonies, governors-general are appointed as viceroy t ...
**
Presidents of Guyana The president of Guyana is the head of state and the head of government of Guyana, as well as the commander-in-chief of the armed forces of the Republic, according to the Constitution of Guyana. The president is also the chancellor of the Orde ...
**
Prime Ministers of Guyana A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a Product (mathematics), product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime ...
*
Paraguay Paraguay (; ), officially the Republic of Paraguay ( es, República del Paraguay, links=no; gn, Tavakuairetã Paraguái, links=si), is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to t ...
** Presidents of Paraguay *
Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = National seal , national_motto = "Firm and Happy f ...
**
Presidents of Peru The president of Peru ( es, link=no, presidente del Perú), officially called the president of the Republic of Peru ( es, link=no, presidente de la República del Perú), is the head of state and head of government of Peru. The president is th ...
**
Inca The Inca Empire (also known as the Incan Empire and the Inka Empire), called ''Tawantinsuyu'' by its subjects, ( Quechua for the "Realm of the Four Parts",  "four parts together" ) was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America. The adm ...
n emperors, see ''
Inca Empire The Inca Empire (also known as the Incan Empire and the Inka Empire), called ''Tawantinsuyu'' by its subjects, ( Quechua for the "Realm of the Four Parts",  "four parts together" ) was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America. The adm ...
'' **
Viceroys of Peru The viceroys of Peru ruled the Viceroyalty of Peru from 1544 to 1824 in the name of the monarch of Spain. The territories under ''de jure'' rule by the viceroys included in the 16th and 17th century almost all of South America except eastern Bra ...
*
Suriname Suriname (; srn, Sranankondre or ), officially the Republic of Suriname ( nl, Republiek Suriname , srn, Ripolik fu Sranan), is a country on the northeastern Atlantic coast of South America. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the nor ...
**
Presidents of Suriname The president of the Republic of Suriname ( nl, President van de Republiek Suriname) is, in accordance with the Constitution of 1987, the head of state and head of government of Suriname, and commander-in-chief of the Suriname National Army (S ...
*
Uruguay Uruguay (; ), officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ( es, República Oriental del Uruguay), is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast; while bordering ...
** Presidents of Uruguay *
Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Venezuela), is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in th ...
** Presidents of Venezuela


Asia


Central Asia

*
Kazakhstan Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country located mainly in Central Asia and partly in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the north and west, China to the east, Kyrgyzstan to the southeast, Uzbeki ...
** Göktürk kagans ** Presidents of Kazakhstan *
Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan,, pronounced or the Kyrgyz Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Asia. Kyrgyzstan is bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the west, Tajikistan to the south, and the People's Republic of China to the ea ...
**Khans of Kara-Khitai, see '' Kara-Khitan Khanate'' ** Presidents of Kyrgyzstan *
Tajikistan Tajikistan (, ; tg, Тоҷикистон, Tojikiston; russian: Таджикистан, Tadzhikistan), officially the Republic of Tajikistan ( tg, Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Jumhurii Tojikiston), is a landlocked country in Centr ...
** Presidents of Tajikistan *
Turkmenistan Turkmenistan ( or ; tk, Türkmenistan / Түркменистан, ) is a country located in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north, east and northeast, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the s ...
** Presidents of Turkmenistan *
Uzbekistan Uzbekistan (, ; uz, Ozbekiston, italic=yes / , ; russian: Узбекистан), officially the Republic of Uzbekistan ( uz, Ozbekiston Respublikasi, italic=yes / ; russian: Республика Узбекистан), is a doubly landlocked co ...
**
Presidents of Uzbekistan President most commonly refers to: * President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university * President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ...


Eastern Asia

*China & dependencies ** Chinese sovereigns **
Table of Chinese monarchs This list of Chinese monarchs includes rulers of China with various titles prior to the establishment of the Republic in 1912. From the Zhou dynasty until the Qin dynasty, rulers usually held the title "king" (). With the separation of China i ...
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People's Republic of China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, most populous country, with a Population of China, population exceeding 1.4 billion, slig ...
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General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party The general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party () is the head of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), the sole ruling party of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Since 1989, the CCP general secretary has been the paramount lead ...
( paramount leader) *** President of the People's Republic of China ***
Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China The premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, commonly called the premier of China and sometimes also referred to as the prime minister, is the head of government of China and leader of the State Council. The premier i ...
*** Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress ***
Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference The Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference () is the leader of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), which is a political advisory body i ...
*** Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party ***
Hong Kong Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (abbr. Hong Kong SAR or HKSAR), is a List of cities in China, city and Special administrative regions of China, special ...
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Governor of Hong Kong The governor of Hong Kong was the representative of the British Crown in Hong Kong from 1843 to 1997. In this capacity, the governor was president of the Executive Council and commander-in-chief of the British Forces Overseas Hong Kon ...
(under British rule, now replaced by Chief Executive) ****
Chief Executive of Hong Kong The Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is the representative of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and head of the Government of Hong Kong. The position was created to replace the office of governor of ...
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Macau Macau or Macao (; ; ; ), officially the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (MSAR), is a city and special administrative region of China in the western Pearl River Delta by the South China Sea. With a pop ...
**** Governor of Macau (under Portuguese rule, now replaced by Chief Executive) **** Chief Executive of Macau ** Republic of China (Taiwan) *** President of the Republic of China *** Premier of the Republic of China ***Governors and Chairpersons of Taiwan, see '' Taiwan Province'' **
Tibet Tibet (; ''Böd''; ) is a region in East Asia, covering much of the Tibetan Plateau and spanning about . It is the traditional homeland of the Tibetan people. Also resident on the plateau are some other ethnic groups such as Monpa people, ...
*** List of imperial ambans in Tibet ** The Table of Chinese monarchs China ** List of kings of Tibet China *
Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the n ...
** Rulers of Japan (Emperors, Regents, Shōguns and Prime Ministers) ** Emperors of Japan ** Prime Ministers of Japan ** Ashikaga shogunate **
Kamakura shogunate The was the feudal military government of Japan during the Kamakura period from 1185 to 1333. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"''Kamakura-jidai''"in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 459. The Kamakura shogunate was established by Minamoto no ...
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Tokugawa shogunate The Tokugawa shogunate (, Japanese 徳川幕府 ''Tokugawa bakufu''), also known as the , was the military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"''Tokugawa-jidai''"in ''Japan Encyclopedia ...
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Mongolia Mongolia; Mongolian script: , , ; lit. "Mongol Nation" or "State of Mongolia" () is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It covers an area of , with a population of just 3.3 million ...
** Grand Khan of Mongolia ** Presidents of Mongolia ** Prime Minister of Mongolia *
Korea Korea ( ko, 한국, or , ) is a peninsular region in East Asia. Since 1945, it has been divided at or near the 38th parallel, with North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) comprising its northern half and South Korea (Republic ...
** Rulers of Korea **
North Korea North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the northern half of the Korean Peninsula and shares borders with China and Russia to the north, at the Yalu (Amnok) and T ...
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First Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea The General Secretary and Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea is a member of the Secretariat of the Workers' Party of Korea The Secretariat of the Workers' Party of Korea, formerly known as the Executive Policy Bureau (2016–21), manages ...
( supreme leader) ***
Heads of state of North Korea A head is the part of an organism which usually includes the ears, brain, forehead, cheeks, chin, eyes, nose, and mouth, each of which aid in various sensory functions such as sight, hearing, smell, and taste. Some very simple animals m ...
*** Premiers of North Korea **
South Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and sharing a Korean Demilitarized Zone, land border with North Korea. Its western border is formed ...
*** Presidents of South Korea ***
Prime Ministers of South Korea The following is a list of the prime ministers of South Korea from the First Republic to the Sixth Republic. List of prime ministers Timeline ImageSize = width:1200 height:auto barincrement:16 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:50 right:130 le ...
** Rulers of Korea


Southeastern Asia

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Brunei Brunei ( , ), formally Brunei Darussalam ( ms, Negara Brunei Darussalam, Jawi: , ), is a country located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. Apart from its South China Sea coast, it is completely surrounded by th ...
** Sultans of Brunei *
Cambodia Cambodia (; also Kampuchea ; km, កម្ពុជា, UNGEGN: ), officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochinese Peninsula in Southeast Asia, spanning an area of , bordered by Thailand ...
** King of Cambodia **Khmer emperors, see '' Khmer Empire'' ** Presidents of Cambodia ** Prime Ministers of Cambodia *
East Timor East Timor (), also known as Timor-Leste (), officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, is an island country in Southeast Asia. It comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor, the exclave of Oecusse on the island's north-w ...
** Presidents of East Timor ** Prime Ministers of East Timor *
Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Gui ...
** Majapahit ** Sailendra ** Srivijaya **Kings of Mataram, see '' Kingdom of Mataram'' **
Presidents of Indonesia President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...
** Prime Ministers of Indonesia *
Laos Laos (, ''Lāo'' )), officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic ( Lao: ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ, French: République démocratique populaire lao), is a socialist s ...
** Kings of Laos **
General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party is the office of the highest-ranking member of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (LPRP) and also typically the supreme leader of Laos. Since the party's takeo ...
(''de facto'' leader) ** Presidents of Laos **
Prime Ministers of Laos A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only ways ...
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Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federal constitutional monarchy consists of thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two regions: Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo's East Mal ...
** Yang di-Pertuan Agong ** Prime Ministers of Malaysia **Sultans of Malay states, example see '' Sultanate of Malacca'' *
Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John Wells explai ...
** Kings of Myanmar **
Presidents of Myanmar The president of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar () is the head of state and constitutional head of government of Myanmar. The president leads the Cabinet of Myanmar, the executive branch of the Burmese government. The current pres ...
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Prime Ministers of Myanmar The prime minister of Myanmar is the head of government of Myanmar. The post was re-established in 2021 by the State Administration Council, the country's ruling military junta, to lead its nominally-civilian provisional government. The provis ...
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State Counsellor of Myanmar The state counsellor of Myanmar ( my, နိုင်ငံတော်၏ အတိုင်ပင်ခံပုဂ္ဂိုလ်) was the title of the ''de facto'' head of government of Myanmar, equivalent to a prime minister. The office ...
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Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
**Spanish Royal Governor of the Philippines **American Governor-General of the Philippines **
Presidents of the Philippines Under the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines, the president of the Philippines ( fil, pangulo ng Pilipinas) is both the head of state and the head of government, and serves as the commander-in-chief of the country's armed forces. The presid ...
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Datu ''Datu'' is a title which denotes the rulers (variously described in historical accounts as chiefs, sovereign princes, and monarchs) of numerous indigenous peoples throughout the Philippine archipelago. The title is still used today, especial ...
s,
Raja ''Raja'' (; from , IAST ') is a royal title used for South Asian monarchs. The title is equivalent to king or princely ruler in South Asia and Southeast Asia. The title has a long history in South Asia and Southeast Asia, being attested ...
s, and Sultans of various historical polities within the Philippine Islands, see '' History of the Philippines'' *** Sultans of the Sulu Sultanate **
List of sovereign state leaders in the Philippines The types of sovereign state leaders in the Philippines have varied throughout the country's history, from heads of ancient chiefdoms, kingdoms and sultanates in the pre-colonial period, to the leaders of Spanish, American, and Japanese col ...
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Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, bor ...
** President of Singapore **
Prime Minister of Singapore The prime minister of Singapore is the head of government of the Republic of Singapore. The president appoints the prime minister, a Member of Parliament (MP) who in their opinion, is most likely to command the confidence of the majority o ...
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Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is b ...
** Kings of Thailand ** Chakri dynasty **Kings of Ayutthaya, see '' Ayutthaya kingdom'' **Kings of Haripunchai, see '' Haripunchai'' **Kings of Lanna, see '' Lanna'' **Kings of Sukhothai, see ''
Sukhothai kingdom The Sukhothai Kingdom ( th, สุโขทัย, , IAST: , ) was a post-classical Thai kingdom ( mandala) in Mainland Southeast Asia surrounding the ancient capital city of Sukhothai in present-day north-central Thailand. The kingdom was ...
'' **
Prime Ministers of Thailand The prime minister of Thailand ( th, นายกรัฐมนตรี, , ; literally 'chief minister of state') is the head of government of Thailand. The prime minister is also the chair of the Cabinet of Thailand. The post has existed si ...
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Presidents of the National Assembly of Thailand President most commonly refers to: * President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university * President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ...
** Leaders of the Opposition of Thailand **
Governors of Bangkok A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of state's official representative. Depending on the type of political r ...
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Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making ...
** Vietnamese dynasties ** Kings of Vietnam ** General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (''de facto'' leader) ** President of Vietnam ** Prime Minister of Vietnam ** Chairman of National Assembly of Vietnam **
Chief Justice of Vietnam Chief may refer to: Title or rank Military and law enforcement * Chief master sergeant, the ninth, and highest, enlisted rank in the U.S. Air Force and U.S. Space Force * Chief of police, the head of a police department * Chief of the boa ...


South Asia

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Afghanistan Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan,; prs, امارت اسلامی افغانستان is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia. Referred to as the Heart of Asia, it is borde ...
** Afghan Transitional Administration personnel ** Leaders of Afghanistan **
Prime ministers of Afghanistan A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only ways ...
*** Rulers of Kabul *** Rulers of Herat *** Rulers of Kandahar ***
Rulers of Peshawar List of Afghan people, Afghan Rulers in present-day Afghanistan with capital at Peshawar {{DEFAULTSORT:Rulers of Peshawar History of Peshawar Political history of Afghanistan Lists of monarchs in Asia, Peshawar Afghanistan-related lists ...
*** Rulers of Ghazni **Ghaznavid emperors, see ''
Ghaznavid Empire The Ghaznavid dynasty ( fa, غزنویان ''Ġaznaviyān'') was a culturally Persianate, Sunni Muslim dynasty of Turkic ''mamluk'' origin, ruling, at its greatest extent, large parts of Persia, Khorasan, much of Transoxiana and the northwe ...
'' ** Kabul Shahi dynasty ***
Turk Shahi The Turk Shahis or Kabul Shahis were a dynasty of Western Turk, or mixed Turko-Hephthalite, origin, that ruled from Kabul and Kapisa to Gandhara in the 7th to 9th centuries AD. They may have been of Khalaj ethnicity."The new rulers of Kabul ...
dynasty ***
Hindu Shahi The Hindu Shahis (also known as Odi Shahis, Uḍi Śāhis, or Brahman Shahis, 822–1026 CE) were a dynasty that held sway over the Kabul Valley, Gandhara and western Punjab during the early medieval period in the Indian subcontinent. Details ...
dynasty *
Bangladesh Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mo ...
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Presidents of Bangladesh President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...
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Prime Ministers of Bangladesh A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only ways ...
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Bhutan Bhutan (; dz, འབྲུག་ཡུལ་, Druk Yul ), officially the Kingdom of Bhutan,), is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is situated in the Eastern Himalayas, between China in the north and India in the south. A mountainou ...
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Kings of Bhutan Bhutan was founded and unified as a country by Ngawang Namgyal, 1st Zhabdrung Rinpoche in the mid–17th century. After his death in 1651, Bhutan nominally followed his recommended "dual system of government". Under the dual system, governmen ...
** Prime Ministers of Bhutan *
India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area, the List of countries and dependencies by population, second-most populous ...
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List of Indian monarchs The following list of Indian monarchs is one of several lists of incumbents. It includes those said to have ruled a portion of the Indian subcontinent, including Sri Lanka. The earliest Indian rulers are known from epigraphical sources fo ...
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List of presidents of India The president of India is the head of state of the Republic of India and the Supreme Commander of the Indian Armed Forces. The president is referred to as the first citizen of India. Although vested with these powers by the Constitution of Ind ...
** List of prime ministers of India ** Governors, Lieutenant Governors and Administrators of Indian States and Union Territories **
Chief Ministers of Indian States Chief may refer to: Title or rank Military and law enforcement * Chief master sergeant, the ninth, and highest, enlisted rank in the U.S. Air Force and U.S. Space Force * Chief of police, the head of a police department * Chief of the boa ...
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Maldives Maldives (, ; dv, ދިވެހިރާއްޖެ, translit=Dhivehi Raajje, ), officially the Republic of Maldives ( dv, ދިވެހިރާއްޖޭގެ ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ, translit=Dhivehi Raajjeyge Jumhooriyyaa, label=none, ), is an archipelag ...
** Sultans of the Maldives ** Presidents of the Maldives *
Nepal Nepal (; ne, नेपाल ), formerly the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal ( ne, सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल ), is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is ma ...
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List of monarchs of Nepal The monarchs of Nepal were members of the Shah dynasty who ruled over the Kingdom of Nepal from 1743 to its dissolution in 2008. However, from 1846 until the 1951 revolution, the country was ''de facto'' ruled by the hereditary prime ministers ...
** Prime Ministers of Nepal *
Pakistan Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 24 ...
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Presidents of Pakistan The president of Pakistan ( ur, , translit=s̤adr-i Pākiṣṭān), officially the President of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is the ceremonial head of state of Pakistan and the commander-in-chief of the Pakistan Armed Forces.Prime Ministers of Pakistan The prime minister of Pakistan ( ur, , romanized: Wazīr ē Aʿẓam , ) is the head of government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Executive authority is vested in the prime minister and his chosen cabinet, despite the president of Pakis ...
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Sri Lanka Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්‍රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்கை, Ilaṅkai, translit-std=ISO ()), formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an ...
** Presidents of Sri Lanka ** Prime Ministers of Sri Lanka


Western Asia

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Armenia Armenia (), , group=pron officially the Republic of Armenia,, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of Western Asia.The UNbr>classification of world regions places Armenia in Western Asia; the CIA World Factbook , , and ''O ...
** Kings of Urartu ** List of Armenian Kings ** Kings of Kommagene ** Shaddadid dynasty ** President of Armenia ** Prime Minister of Armenia *
Azerbaijan Azerbaijan (, ; az, Azərbaycan ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, , also sometimes officially called the Azerbaijan Republic is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is a part of th ...
** Arsacid dynasty of Caucasian Albania ** Mihranids ** Presidents of Azerbaijan ** Prime Ministers of Azerbaijan ** Presidents of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic *
Bahrain Bahrain ( ; ; ar, البحرين, al-Bahrayn, locally ), officially the Kingdom of Bahrain, ' is an island country in Western Asia. It is situated on the Persian Gulf, and comprises a small archipelago made up of 50 natural islands and a ...
** Monarchs of Bahrain *
Cyprus Cyprus ; tr, Kıbrıs (), officially the Republic of Cyprus,, , lit: Republic of Cyprus is an island country located south of the Anatolian Peninsula in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Its continental position is disputed; while it is ...
** Kings of Cyprus *** Officers of the Kingdom of Cyprus ** Presidents of Cyprus ** Presidents of Northern Cyprus ** Prime Ministers of Northern Cyprus * Georgia **
Lists of Georgian monarchs This article lists Georgian monarchs, and includes monarchs of various Georgian kingdoms, principalities and duchies. Georgian monarchs: *List of monarchs of Georgia * List of Georgian royal consorts *List of mothers to monarchs of Georgia ...
** Colchis **
Kingdom of Abkhazia The Kingdom of Abkhazia ( ka, აფხაზთა სამეფო, tr; lit. "Kingdom of the Abkhazians"), also known as Abasgia or Egrisi-Abkhazia, was a medieval feudal state in the Caucasus which was established in the 780s. Through d ...
*** Divan of the Abkhazian Kings ** List of sovereigns of Kakheti ** Kingdom of Imereti *** Gurieli ** Emirs of Tbilisi ** List of leaders of Georgia **
Prime Minister of Georgia The prime minister of Georgia ( ka, საქართველოს პრემიერ-მინისტრი, tr) is the head of government and chief executive of Georgia. In Georgia, the president is a ceremonial head of state and ma ...
** Chairman of the Government of Adjara **
Presidents of Abkhazia President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...
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Prime Ministers of Abkhazia A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only way ...
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Presidents of South Ossetia The president of the Republic of South Ossetia ( os, Хуссар Ирыстоны президент, russian: Президент Южной Осетии) is the '' de facto'' head of state of the partially recognized Republic of South Osseti ...
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Prime Ministers of South Ossetia A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only way ...
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Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
** List of heads of state of Iran ** List of monarchs of Persia ** Supreme Leader of Iran ** List of presidents of Iran ** List of premiers of Iran ** List of prime ministers of Iran *
Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...
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Sumer Sumer () is the earliest known civilization in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia (south-central Iraq), emerging during the Chalcolithic and early Bronze Ages between the sixth and fifth millennium BC. It is one of the cradles of ...
*** List of Mesopotamian dynasties ** Akkad *** Kings of Akkad ** Gutian kings ** Kings of Assyria ** Kings of Babylon **Rulers of Adiabene ** Abbasid Caliphs ** Annazid dynasty ** Kings of Iraq **
Presidents of Iraq President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...
** Prime Ministers of Iraq **
Civilian Administrator of Iraq ) , capital = Baghdad , largest_city = capital , common_languages = Arabic Kurdish English (''de facto'') , government_type = Transitional government , legislature = Iraqi Governing Council , title_leader = Administrator , leader1 = Ja ...
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Israel Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
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Prime Minister of Israel The prime minister of Israel ( he, רֹאשׁ הַמֶּמְשָׁלָה, Rosh HaMemshala, Head of the Government, Hebrew acronym: he2, רה״מ; ar, رئيس الحكومة, ''Ra'īs al-Ḥukūma'') is the head of government and chief exe ...
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President of Israel The president of the State of Israel ( he, נְשִׂיא מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, Nesi Medinat Yisra'el, or he, נְשִׂיא הַמְדִינָה, Nesi HaMedina, President of the State) is the head of state of Israel. The po ...
** Rulers of Israel and Judah **
Kings of Israel This article is an overview of the kings of the United Kingdom of Israel as well as those of its successor states and classical period kingdoms ruled by the Hasmonean dynasty and Herodian dynasty. Kings of Ancient Israel and Judah The Heb ...
** Kings of Judah **
High Priests of Israel High Priest ( he, כהן גדול, translit=Kohen Gadol or ; ) was the title of the chief religious official of Judaism from the early post- Exilic times until the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem by the Romans in 70 CE. Previou ...
** Crusader States ** Kings of Jerusalem ***
Vassals of the Kingdom of Jerusalem The Crusader state of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, created in 1099, was divided into a number of smaller seigneuries. According to the 13th-century jurist John of Ibelin, the four highest crown vassals (referred to as barons) in the kingdom prope ...
**** Princes of Galilee ***** Lords of Toron **** Counts of Jaffa and Ascalon ***** Lords of Ramla ***** Lords of Ibelin **** Lords of Oultrejordain **** Lords of Sidon *** Officers of the Kingdom of Jerusalem ** Presidents of the Palestinian National Authority ** Prime Ministers of the Palestinian National Authority *
Jordan Jordan ( ar, الأردن; tr. ' ), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan,; tr. ' is a country in Western Asia. It is situated at the crossroads of Asia, Africa, and Europe, within the Levant region, on the East Bank of the Jordan Rive ...
(formerly Transjordan) **
Kings of Jordan Kings or King's may refer to: * Monarchs: The sovereign heads of states and/or nations, with the male being kings *One of several works known as the "Book of Kings": **The Books of Kings part of the Bible, divided into two parts **The '' Shahnameh ...
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Rulers of Nabatea The Rulers of Nabataea, reigned over the Nabataean Kingdom (also rendered as ''Nabataea'', ''Nabatea'', or ''Nabathea''), inhabited by the Nabateans, located in present-day Jordan, southern Syria, southern Israel and north-western Saudi Arabia ...
*
Kuwait Kuwait (; ar, الكويت ', or ), officially the State of Kuwait ( ar, دولة الكويت '), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated in the northern edge of Eastern Arabia at the tip of the Persian Gulf, bordering Iraq to Iraq–Ku ...
**List of emirs of Kuwait, Emirs of Kuwait **House of Al-Sabah, Al-Sabah *Lebanon **List of Presidents of Lebanon, Presidents of Lebanon **List of Prime Ministers of Lebanon, Prime Ministers of Lebanon **List of speakers of the Parliament of Lebanon, Speakers of the Parliament of Lebanon *Oman (formerly Muscat (and Oman)) **History of Oman, Sultans of Oman *Qatar **List of emirs of Qatar, Emirs of Qatar *Saudi Arabia **Sharif of Mecca **List of kings of Saudi Arabia, Kings of Saudi Arabia *Syria **List of Presidents of Syria, Presidents of Syria **List of Prime Ministers of Syria, Prime Ministers of Syria **King of Syria, Kings of Syria **Osroene **Rulers of Damascus **Zengid dynasty **County of Edessa, Counts of Edessa **Principality of Antioch, Princes of Antioch ***Officers of the Principality of Antioch **Emirs of Shaizar **Ghassanids, Ghassanid kings **Rulers of Aleppo **Mitanni, Hanilgalbat: Kings of Hanilgabat, see ''Mitanni, Hanilgalbat'' and ''Mitanni'' **Ugarit, Kings of Ugarit *Turkey **List of Hittite kings **Kings of Arzawa **List of Kings of Lydia, Kings of Lydia **List of rulers of Bithynia, Kings of Bithynia **List of Kings of Cappadocia, Kings of Cappadocia **Attalid dynasty, Attalid Kings of Pergamon **List of Kings of Pontus, Kings of Pontus ***Pharnacid Dynasty **List of Kings of Galatia, Kings of Galatia **List of Byzantine Emperors, Byzantine Emperors ***Tetrarchy **List of Latin Emperors **Empire of Trebizond **Sultanate of Rûm, Seljuk sultans of Rüm **Anatolian beyliks **List of Sultans of the Ottoman Empire **List of Prime Ministers of Turkey, Prime Ministers of Turkey **List of Presidents of Turkey, Presidents of Turkey *United Arab Emirates **List of Prime Ministers of the United Arab Emirates, Prime Ministers of the United Arab Emirates **President of the United Arab Emirates, Presidents of the United Arab Emirates *Yemen **List of Presidents of Yemen, Presidents of Yemen **Prime Minister of Yemen, Prime Ministers of Yemen **President of Yemen Arab Republic, Presidents of North Yemen **Prime Minister of Yemen Arab Republic, Prime Ministers of North Yemen **President of People's Democratic Republic of Yemen, Presidents of South Yemen **Prime Minister of South Yemen, Prime Ministers of South Yemen


Europe


Eastern Europe

*Belarus **List of rulers of Belarus, List of Belarusian rulers *Moldova **President of Moldova, Presidents of Moldova **List of Prime Ministers of Moldova, Prime Ministers of Moldova **Governor of Gagauzia, Governors of Gagauzia **President of Transnistria, Presidents of Transnistria **Prime Minister of Transnistria, Prime Ministers of Transnistria *Romania **List of Dacian kings, Dacian kings **List of rulers of Wallachia, Rulers of Wallachia **List of rulers of Moldavia, Rulers of Moldavia **Rulers of Transylvania **List of heads of state of Romania **List of Prime Ministers of Romania, Prime Ministers of Romania *Russia and the Soviet Union **List of leaders of Russia **List of Russian monarchs **List of leaders of the Soviet Union, Leaders of the Soviet Union **President of the Soviet Union **Premier of the Soviet Union **List of presidents of Russia, Presidents of Russia **List of heads of government of Russia, Prime Ministers of Russia **Khans of the Golden Horde **List of Kazan khans **List of Khazar rulers **Grand Duke of Kiev, Rulers of Kievan Rus' **Grand Prince of Tver *Ukraine **Grand Duke of Kiev, Rulers of Kievan Rus' **List of rulers of Halych and Volhynia **Hetmans of Ukrainian Cossacks **List of Crimean khans **List of Presidents of Ukraine, Presidents of Ukraine **List of Prime Ministers of Ukraine, Prime Ministers of Ukraine


Northern Europe

*Denmark **List of Danish monarchs, Danish monarchs **List of Prime Ministers of Denmark, Prime Ministers of Denmark **List of legendary kings of Denmark **Faroe Islands **List of Faroese monarchs, Faroese monarchs **Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands, Prime Ministers of the Faroe Islands **List of Governors of the Faroe Islands, Governor of the Faroe Islands **Greenland **List of Prime Ministers of Greenland, Prime Ministers of Greenland **List of Governors of Greenland, Governors of Greenland **List of Inspectors of Greenland, Inspectors of Greenland *Estonia **Rulers of Estonia, Estonian rulers **List of heads of government of Estonia, Heads of government of Estonia **President of Estonia, Presidents of Estonia **Head of State of Estonia, State Elders of Estonia *Finland **List of Prime Ministers of Finland, Prime Ministers of Finland **List of Presidents of Finland, Presidents of Finland **List of Finnish monarchs, Finnish rulers **Provincial Governors of Finland **Lantråd, Premiers of Åland *Iceland **President of Iceland, Presidents of Iceland **Prime Minister of Iceland, Prime Ministers of Iceland **List of rulers of Iceland, Icelandic rulers **List of lawspeakers, see Lawspeaker *Ireland: Rulers of Ireland *Latvia **List of Presidents of Latvia, Presidents of Latvia **Prime Minister of Latvia, Prime Ministers of Latvia *Lithuania **List of Lithuanian rulers **List of Lithuanian rulers, Presidents of Lithuania **Prime Minister of Lithuania, Prime Ministers of Lithuania *Norway **List of Norwegian monarchs, Norwegian monarchs ***Line of succession to the Norwegian Throne **List of legendary kings of Norway, Legendary kings of Norway **Heads of government of Norway, Norwegian Prime Ministers *Sweden **List of Swedish monarchs, Swedish monarchs **List of Prime Ministers of Sweden, Prime Ministers of Sweden **List of Swedish Field Marshals, Swedish Field Marshals **List of County Governors of Sweden, County Governors of Sweden **Semi-legendary kings of Sweden, Swedish semi-legendary kings **Mythical kings of Sweden, Mythological kings of Sweden **King of the Geats, Kings of Geatland *List of Blekinge Governors, Blekinge Governors *List of Dalarna Governors, Dalarna Governors *List of Gävleborg Governors, Gävleborg Governors *List of Gotland Governors, Gotland Governors *List of Halland Governors, Halland Governors *List of Jämtland Governors, Jämtland Governors *List of Jönköping Governors, Jönköping Governors *List of Kalmar County Governors, Kalmar Governors *List of Kronoberg Governors, Kronoberg Governors *List of Norrbotten Governors, Norrbotten Governors *List of Skåne Governors, Skåne Governors *List of Stockholm Governors, Stockholm Governors *List of Södermanland Governors, Södermanland Governors *List of Uppsala Governors, Uppsala Governors *List of Värmland Governors, Värmland Governors *List of Västerbotten Governors, Västerbotten Governors *List of Västernorrland Governors, Västernorrland Governors *List of Västmanland Governors, Västmanland Governors *List of Västra Götaland Governors, Västra Götaland Governors *List of Örebro Governors, Örebro Governors *List of Östergötland Governors, Östergötland Governors *United Kingdom: List of rulers of the United Kingdom and predecessor states


Central Europe

*Austria **List of rulers of Austria, Rulers of Austria **Emperor of Austria, Emperors of Austria **List of Foreign Ministers of Austria-Hungary, Foreign Ministers of Austria-Hungary **List of Ministers-President of Austria, Ministers-President of Austria **List of Federal Presidents of Austria, Federal Presidents of Austria **List of Chancellors of Austria, Chancellors of Austria (Vice-Chancellor of Austria, Vice Chancellors of Austria) **House of Habsburg, Habsburg **House of Babenberg, Babenberg **List of rulers of Austria, Margraves, dukes, and archdukes of Austria **Dukes of Styria, see ''Duchy of Styria, Styria (duchy)'' **Dukes of Carinthia, see ''Duchy of Carinthia, Carinthia (duchy)'' *Czech Republic **List of rulers of Bohemia, Rulers of Bohemia (Czech lands) **List of presidents of Czechoslovakia **List of prime ministers of Czechoslovakia ** List of rulers of the Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia **List of presidents of the Czech Republic, Presidents of the Czech Republic **List of Prime Ministers of the Czech Republic, Prime Ministers of the Czech Republic *Germany: Rulers of Germany *Hungary **List of Hungarian rulers **List of heads of state of Hungary **List of Prime Ministers of Hungary, Prime Ministers of Hungary *Liechtenstein **List of princes of Liechtenstein, Princes of Liechtenstein **List of Liechtenstein Heads of Government, Liechtenstein Heads of Government *Poland **List of Polish monarchs, Polish rulers **Dukes of Silesia **Dukes of Masovia, Dukes of Mazovia **Dukes of Greater Poland **Dukes of Sieradz-Łęczyca, Dukes of Łęczyca **Dukes of Sieradz-Łęczyca, Dukes of Sieradz **Duchy of Teschen, Duchy of Cieszyn **Dukes of Pomerania **List of prime ministers of Poland **List of Polish presidents *Slovakia **List of Presidents of Slovakia, Presidents of Slovakia **List of Prime Ministers of Slovakia, Prime Ministers of Slovakia **List of leaders of Slovak parliaments, Parliament leaders of Slovakia *Switzerland **List of members of the Swiss Federal Council, Members of the Swiss Federal Council ***List of Presidents of the Swiss Confederation, Presidents of the Confederation ***Heads of the Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sports, see ''Military of Switzerland#Defence ministers, Military of Switzerland'' ***Heads of the Department of Foreign Affairs: see ''International relations of Switzerland#List of ministers, International relations of Switzerland'' ***Heads of the Federal Department of Home Affairs (Switzerland), Department of Home Affairs ***Heads of the Federal Department of Finance ***Heads of the Federal Department of Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications ***Heads of the Federal Department of Economic Affairs ***Heads of the Federal Department of Justice and Police **List of Federal Chancellors of Switzerland, Federal Chancellors of Switzerland **Presidents of the National Council of Switzerland, Presidents of the Swiss National Council **List of Presidents of the Swiss Council of States, Presidents of the Swiss Council of States **List of members of the Swiss National Council (2003–2007), Members of the Swiss National Council **List of members of the Swiss Council of States, Members of the Swiss Council of States **List of Chief Justices of the Swiss Supreme Court, Chief Justices of the Swiss Supreme Court **List of Presidents of the Swiss Diet, Presidents of the Swiss Diet (before 1848)


Southern Europe

*Albania **List of rulers of Illyria **List of Albanian monarchs, Monarchs of Albania **List of Prime Ministers of Albania, Prime Ministers of Albania **List of Presidents of Albania, Presidents of Albania *Andorra **List of Co-Princes of Andorra, Co-Princes of Andorra ***Diocese of Urgell, Bishop of Urgell **List of heads of government of Andorra, Prime Ministers of Andorra *Bosnia and Herzegovina **List of rulers of Bosnia **Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Members of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina **Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Prime Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina *Bulgaria **Thracian kings **Odrysian kingdom, Kings of Odrysia **Moesia: Roman governors of Lower Moesia **List of Bulgarian monarchs, Bulgarian monarchs **List of Prime Ministers of Bulgaria, Prime Ministers of Bulgaria **List of Presidents of Bulgaria, Presidents of Bulgaria *Croatia **List of rulers of Croatia **List of Presidents of Croatia, Presidents of Croatia **List of Prime Ministers of Croatia, Prime Ministers of Croatia ***Governors and Heads of State of Fiume ***Heads of state of Krajina ***Heads of government of Krajina *Greece: Rulers of Greece *Italy: Rulers of Italy *Kosovo **President of Kosovo, Presidents of Kosovo **Prime Minister of Kosovo *North Macedonia **President of North Macedonia, Presidents of North Macedonia **Prime Minister of North Macedonia, Prime Ministers of North Macedonia *Malta **List of heads of state of Malta, Presidents of Malta, 1974–present **List of Prime Ministers of Malta, Prime Ministers of Malta, 1921–1933, 1947–1958, 1962–present **Monarchs of Malta, 1091–1798, 1800–1974 **List of Grand Masters of the Knights Hospitaller, Grand Masters of Malta, 1530–1798 **List of Civil Commissioners of Malta, Civil Commissioners of Malta, 1799–1813 **List of Governors of Malta, Governors of Malta, 1813–1964 **List of Governors-General of Malta, Governors-General of Malta, 1964–1974 *Montenegro **List of rulers of Montenegro, Rulers of Montenegro **List of presidents of Montenegro **Prime Minister of Montenegro *Portugal **List of Portuguese monarchs, Portuguese monarchs **List of Dukes of Braganza, Dukes of Braganza **Princes of Beira **List of Prime Ministers of Portugal, Prime Ministers of Portugal **List of Presidents of Portugal, Presidents of Portugal **List of Portuguese monarchs *San Marino **List of Captains Regent of San Marino, Captains Regent of San Marino, 1900–present **List of Captains Regent of San Marino, 1700–1900, Captains Regent of San Marino, 1700–1900 **List of Captains Regent of San Marino, 1500–1700, Captains Regent of San Marino, 1500–1700 **List of Captains Regent of San Marino, 1243–1500, Captains Regent of San Marino, 1243–1500 *Serbia **List of Presidents of Serbia, Presidents of Serbia **List of Prime Ministers of Serbia, Prime Ministers of Serbia **President of the Government of Vojvodina **List of heads of state of Yugoslavia **Prime Minister of Yugoslavia **President of Serbia and Montenegro **Prime Minister of Serbia and Montenegro **List of Serbian monarchs, Monarchs of Serbia **Principality of Zeta, Princes of Zeta *Slovenia **President of Slovenia, Presidents of Slovenia **Prime Minister of Slovenia *Spain **Rulers of Spain **President of the Republic (Spain), Presidents of Spain **List of Prime Ministers of Spain, Prime Ministers of Spain *Vatican City **List of popes, Popes **Cardinal Secretary of State


Western Europe

*Belgium **Monarchy of Belgium, Belgian monarchs **List of Prime Ministers of Belgium, Prime Ministers of Belgium **Governors of the Habsburg Netherlands **Minister-President of the Brussels-Capital Region **List of Ministers-President of the Flemish Community **List of Ministers-President of the Walloon Region **List of Ministers-President of the French Community **List of Ministers-President of the German-speaking Community *France: List of rulers of France, Rulers of France *Luxembourg **List of Prime Ministers of Luxembourg, Prime Ministers of Luxembourg **List of Grand Dukes of Luxembourg, Grand Duke of Luxembourg **Counts, Dukes and Grand Dukes of Luxembourg, List of Counts and Dukes of Luxembourg *Monaco **List of rulers of Monaco, Princes of Monaco ***Line of succession to the Monegasque Throne, Succession to the Monegasque Throne **Minister of State (Monaco), Ministers of State **National Council (Monaco), Prime Ministers of Monaco *Netherlands **Monarchy of the Netherlands, Dutch monarchy **List of Prime Ministers of the Netherlands, Prime Ministers of the Netherlands **List of rulers of the Netherlands **Governors of the Habsburg Netherlands **Low Countries (Netherlands, Belgium): **List of Counts of Ostfriesland, Rulers of East Frisia **Rulers of Frisia **Princes of Orange, Prince of Orange **Dukes of Brabant, Duke of Brabant **Lords and margraves of Bergen op Zoom **Guelders, Dukes and counts of Guelders **List of rulers of Lorraine, Duke of Lower Lorraine **Count of Bouillon **Counts of Flanders, Count of Flanders **Counts of Hainaut, Count of Hainaut **Count of Holland **Counts of Leuven **Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Utrecht, Bishop of Utrecht **Marquis of Namur


Oceania


Australasia

*Australia **List of Australian monarchs, Monarchs of Australia **List of Governors-General of Australia, Governors-General of Australia **Cabinet of Australia ***List of Prime Ministers of Australia, Prime Ministers of Australia ***Deputy Prime Minister of Australia, Deputy Prime Ministers of Australia ***Attorney-General for Australia, Attorneys General for Australia ***Minister for Defence (Australia), Ministers for Defence ***Minister for Foreign Affairs (Australia), Ministers for Foreign Affairs ***Treasurer of Australia, Treasurers of Australia *Premiers of New South Wales *Premiers of Queensland *Premiers of South Australia *Premiers of Tasmania *Premiers of Victoria *Premier of Western Australia *Heads of government of Norfolk Island *Chief Minister of the Northern Territory *Chief Minister of the Australian Capital Territory *Governors of New South Wales *Governors of Queensland *Governors of South Australia *Governors of Tasmania *Governors of Victoria *Governor of Western Australia *Administrative heads of Norfolk Island, Administrative Heads of Norfolk Island *Administrator of the Northern Territory *Administrative heads of Jervis Bay, Administrative Heads of Jervis Bay *Administrative heads of Australian Antarctic Territory, Administrative Heads of Australian Antarctic Territory *Administrative heads of Macquarie Island, Administrative Heads of Macquarie Island *Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Cocos Islands **King of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, King of the Cocos Islands *New Zealand **List of Governors-General of New Zealand, Governors-General of New Zealand **New Zealand Cabinet ***List of Prime Ministers of New Zealand, Prime Ministers of New Zealand ***Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand, Deputy Prime Ministers of New Zealand ***Minister of Finance (New Zealand), Ministers of Finance ***Minister of Foreign Affairs (New Zealand), Ministers of Foreign Affairs **Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives, Speakers of the House of Representatives **Māori King Movement, Māori Kings and Queens *Mayor of Auckland, Mayors of Auckland *Mayor of Christchurch, Mayors of Christchurch *Mayor of Dunedin, Mayors of Dunedin *Mayor of Wellington, Mayors of Wellington


Melanesia

*Fiji **Chairman of the Great Council of Chiefs, Chairmen of Fiji's Great Council of Chiefs **Chief Justice of Fiji **Governor of Fiji, Colonial Governors of Fiji **Head of State of Fiji, Fijian Heads of State **Minister for Foreign Affairs (Fiji), Foreign Ministers of Fiji **Governor-General of Fiji, Governors-General of Fiji **House of Representatives of Fiji (abolished in 2013) **Minister for iTaukei Affairs, Ministers for Fijian Affairs **President of Fiji, Presidents of Fiji **Prime Minister of Fiji, Prime Ministers of Fiji **Senate of Fiji (abolished in 2013) **Speaker of the House of Representatives of Fiji, Speakers of the Fijian House of Representatives **Vice-President of Fiji, Vice-Presidents of Fiji *Papua New Guinea **Governor-General of Papua New Guinea **List of Prime Ministers of Papua New Guinea, Prime Ministers of Papua New Guinea *Solomon Islands **Governor-General of Solomon Islands **Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands *Vanuatu **President of Vanuatu **Prime Minister of Vanuatu


Micronesia

*Kiribati **President of Kiribati *Marshall Islands **List of Presidents of the Marshall Islands, Presidents of the Marshall Islands *Federated States of Micronesia **President of the Federated States of Micronesia *Nauru **President of Nauru *Palau **President of Palau


Polynesia

*Cook Islands **Prime Minister of the Cook Islands, Prime Ministers of the Cook Islands *Niue **Premier of Niue, Premiers of Niue *Samoa **O le Ao o le Malo, Samoan Heads of State ***Malietoa **List of the Council of Deputies of Samoa, Members of the Council of Deputies of Samoa **Prime Minister of Samoa, Prime Ministers of Samoa **Chief Justice (Samoa), Chief Justice of Samoa **List of Finance Ministers of Samoa, Finance Ministers of Samoa **List of Foreign Affairs Ministers of Samoa, Foreign Affairs Ministers of Samoa **List of Health Ministers of Samoa, Health Ministers of Samoa **List of Education Ministers of Samoa, Education Ministers of Samoa **List of Public Works Ministers of Samoa, Public Works Ministers of Samoa **National Legislative Assembly (Samoa), Fono Aoao Faitulafono o Samoa - current membership (2006) *Tonga **List of monarchs of Tonga, Kings of Tonga **Prime Minister of Tonga, Prime Ministers of Tonga *Tuvalu **Governor-General of Tuvalu, Governor-Generals of Tuvalu **Prime Minister of Tuvalu, Prime Ministers of Tuvalu


Religious leaders


Christian

*List of current Christian leaders :*Lists of patriarchs, archbishops, and bishops, List of Patriarchs, Archbishops and Bishops


Catholic Church

*List of popes **List of Grand Masters of the Knights Hospitaller, Grand Masters of the Knights Hospitaller ***List of the priors of St John of Jerusalem in England, Priors of St John of Jerusalem in England


Anglican Communion

*List of Archbishops of Canterbury *List of Primates in the Anglican Communion, Anglican Primates


Other denominations

*General of The Salvation Army *Moderator of the United Church of Canada *President of the Church (LDS Church), President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints *List of Ecumenical Patriarchs of Constantinople, Patriarchs of Constantinople


Judaism

*List of Chief Rabbis of the United Hebrew Congregations, Chief Rabbis of the United Kingdom *Chief Rabbinate of Israel, Chief Rabbis of Israel


Hinduism

*Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh *Arya Samaja


Islam

*Caliphate *Imamah (Shi'a doctrine), Shi'a Imam


Buddhist

*Dalai Lama *Panchen Lama *Karmapa *Shamarpa *Sakya Trizin *Supreme Patriarch of Thailand *Supreme Patriarch of Cambodia


Other lists

* List of the oldest living state leaders * List of current governments * List of current vice presidents and designated acting presidents * List of current presidents of legislatures


Ministers by portfolio

*Defence minister *Finance minister *Foreign minister *Interior minister *Justice minister


Municipal leaders


External links


Current Heads of StateArchontology, by Oleg SchultzRulers, by B. Schemmel
- detailed lists (including regional and religious leaders) from 1700.
World Statesmen, by Ben Cahoon
{{DEFAULTSORT:Office holders Lists of office-holders,