The extant works of the

Dvaita Dvaita Vedanta (); (originally known as Tattvavada; IAST:Tattvavāda), is a sub-school in the Vedanta tradition of Hindu philosophy. The term Tattvavada literally means "arguments from a realist viewpoint". The Tattvavada (Dvaita) Vedanta ...

founder-philosopher,

Madhvacharya Madhvacharya (; ; CE 1199-1278 or CE 1238–1317), sometimes anglicised as Madhva Acharya, and also known as Purna Prajna () and Ānanda Tīrtha, was an Indian philosopher, theologian and the chief proponent of the '' Dvaita'' (dualism) sch ...

, called the Sarvamūla Granthas, are many in number. The works span a wide spectrum of topics concerning Dvaita philosophy in specific and Vedic thought in general. They are commentaries on the

Vedas upright=1.2, The Vedas are ancient Sanskrit texts of Hinduism. Above: A page from the '' Atharvaveda''. The Vedas (, , ) are a large body of religious texts originating in ancient India. Composed in Vedic Sanskrit, the texts constitute th ...

Upanishads The Upanishads (; sa, उपनिषद् ) are late Vedic Sanskrit texts that supplied the basis of later Hindu philosophy.Wendy Doniger (1990), ''Textual Sources for the Study of Hinduism'', 1st Edition, University of Chicago Press, , ...

Bhagavadgita The Bhagavad Gita (; sa, श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता, lit=The Song by God, translit=śrīmadbhagavadgītā;), often referred to as the Gita (), is a 700- verse Hindu scripture that is part of the epic ''Mahabharata'' (c ...

Brahma Sutras The ''Brahma Sūtras'' ( sa, ब्रह्मसूत्राणि) is a Sanskrit text, attributed to the sage bādarāyaṇa or sage Vyāsa, estimated to have been completed in its surviving form in approx. 400–450 CE,, Quote: "...we c ...

and other works. The list of works are enumerated below.Tattvavâda
/ref>

Commentaries on the
Bhagavad Gita The Bhagavad Gita (; sa, श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता, lit=The Song by God, translit=śrīmadbhagavadgītā;), often referred to as the Gita (), is a 700- verse Hindu scripture that is part of the epic ''Mahabharata'' ( ...

Madhva, of the view that the Gita is as much a part of the religious canon as

or the

, has authored two commentaries on it. His first work, ''Gita Bhashya'' is expositional while the latter, ''Gita Tatparya'', is polemical in nature. According to Madhva, the Gita contains the distillation of the ideas expressed in the

and the

Pancharatra ''Pancharatra'' ( IAST: ''Pāñcarātra'') was a religious movement in Hinduism that originated in late 3rd-century BCE around the ideas of Narayana and the various avatars of Vishnu as their central deities.Vedanta ''Vedanta'' (; sa, वेदान्त, ), also ''Uttara Mīmāṃsā'', is one of the six (''āstika'') schools of Hindu philosophy. Literally meaning "end of the Vedas", Vedanta reflects ideas that emerged from, or were aligned with, ...

tradition.

Gita Bhashya

This preliminary commentary on the Gita is the earliest example of Madhva's style which is characterised by its terseness and brevity. He quotes from a variety of rare sources and scriptures and is not an exhaustive commentary on the Gita as it concentrates only on a few verses. Madhva establishes the importance of

Karma Yoga Karma yoga ( sa, कर्म योग), also called Karma marga, is one of the four classical spiritual paths in Hinduism, one based on the " yoga of action", the others being Jnana yoga (path of knowledge), Rāja yoga (path of meditat ...

or ''the path of duty'', which had been previously relegated to a footnote in Advaita. According to Madhva's view, the ultimate knowledge or the ''Aparoksha Jnana'' can be attained through a combination of dispassionate discharge of one's duties (''Karma Yoga''), acquisition of scriptural knowledge (''Jnana Yoga'') and the unconditional devotion to the higher entity (''

Bhakti Yoga Bhakti yoga ( sa, भक्ति योग), also called Bhakti marga (, literally the path of ''Bhakti''), is a spiritual path or spiritual practice within Hinduism focused on loving devotion towards any personal deity.Karen Pechelis (2014 ...

''). Though, according to Madhva,

Bhakti ''Bhakti'' ( sa, भक्ति) literally means "attachment, participation, fondness for, homage, faith, love, devotion, worship, purity".See Monier-Williams, ''Sanskrit Dictionary'', 1899. It was originally used in Hinduism, referring to d ...

represents the final and ultimate step towards transcendence, ''Karma'' and ''Jnana'' aid in "cleansing the consciousness" of the spiritual aspirant. He also takes an approach, unique to his time, that the rituals prescribed in the

for rewards are not to be taken literally. He views them as mere objects of attraction for the general population that would subsequently propel them towards deeper meaning underlying the superficial performance of rituals.

Gita Tatparya

This later work of his marks a stylistic transition from the previous work in that brevity and formality of his other works are replaced by poetry and elegance. To substantiate his views, he quotes from a diverse array of sources including a non-extant text called ''Brahmatarka'', which has led to significant speculations among the scholars (both present and historical) about its authenticity and existence. Gita Tatparya amplifies the claims of the previous work as well as deals with the rival schools of thought, mainly that of

Adi Sankara Adi Shankara ("first Shankara," to distinguish him from other Shankaras)(8th cent. CE), also called Adi Shankaracharya ( sa, आदि शङ्कर, आदि शङ्कराचार्य, Ādi Śaṅkarācāryaḥ, lit=First Shank ...

and Bhaskara. Madhva argues in favour of the reality of experiences (as opposed to the illusoriness of the world in Advaita) by basing the validity of a particular experience on the

pramanas ''Pramana'' (Sanskrit: प्रमाण, ) literally means "proof" and "means of knowledge".anumana'' (inference) and ''

shabda ''Shabda'' ( sa, शब्द, ), is the Sanskrit word for "speech sound". In Sanskrit grammar, the term refers to an utterance in the sense of linguistic performance. History In classical Indian philosophy of language, the grammarian Katyaya ...

'' (testimony) with ''Sakshi'' (the internal witness) serving as the ultimate arbiter. Jayatirtha's ''Nyayadipika'' serves as a commentary to Gita Tatparya.

Commentaries on the Brahmasutras

* ब्रह्मसूत्रभाष्यम् (Brahmasutra Bhashya) * अनुव्याख्यानम् (

Anu Vyakhyana The Aṇuvyākhyāna is a magnum opus Sanskrit work in Dvaita philosophy written by Sri Madhvacharya. It is a metacommentary on the author's own commentary on the Brahma Sutras. The other three works on Sutras are ''Brahma Sutra Bhashya'', ''A ...

) * न्यायविवरणम् (Nyaya Vivarana) * अणुभाष्यम् (Anu Bhashya)

Commentaries on the
Upanishads The Upanishads (; sa, उपनिषद् ) are late Vedic Sanskrit texts that supplied the basis of later Hindu philosophy.Wendy Doniger (1990), ''Textual Sources for the Study of Hinduism'', 1st Edition, University of Chicago Press, , ...

* ईशावास्योपनिषद्भाष्यम् ( Ishavasya Upanishad Bhashya) * केनोपनिषद्भाष्यम् ( Kena Upanishad Bhashya) * कठोपनिषद्भाष्यम् ( Katha Upanishad Bhashya) * मुण्डकोपनिषद्भाष्यम् ( Mundaka Upanishad Bhashya) * षट्प्रश्नोपनिषद्भाष्यम् ( Satprashna Upanishad Bhashya) * माण्डूक्योपनिषद्भाष्यम् ( Mandukya Upanishad Bhashya) * ऐतरेयोपनिषद्भाष्यम् ( Aitareya Upanishad Bhashya) * तैत्तिरीयोपनिषद्भाष्यम् ( Taittireeya Upanishad Bhashya) * बृहदारण्यकोपनिषद्भाष्यम् ( Brihadaranyaka Upanishad Bhashya) * छान्दोग्योपनिषद्भाष्यम् ( Chandogya Upanishad Bhashya)

Work on
Vedas upright=1.2, The Vedas are ancient Sanskrit texts of Hinduism. Above: A page from the '' Atharvaveda''. The Vedas (, , ) are a large body of religious texts originating in ancient India. Composed in Vedic Sanskrit, the texts constitute th ...

* ऋग्भाष्यम् ( Rigbhashyam)

Polemical Monographs

These are short works, each of which has a very specific focus. * प्रमाणलक्षणम् (Pramānalaksanam) * कथालक्षणम् (Katha Lakshana) * उपाधिखण्डनम् ( Upadhi Khandana) * प्रपञ्चमिथ्यात्वानुमानखण्डनम् (Prapancha Mithyatva-anumana Khandana) * मायावादखण्डनम् (Mayavada Khandana) * तत्त्वसङ्ख्यानम् (Tattva Samkhyana) * तत्त्वविवेकः (Tattva Viveka) * तत्त्वोद्योतः (Tattvoddyota) * विष्णुतत्त्वविनिर्णयः (Vishnu Tattva Vinirnaya) * कर्मनिर्णयः (Karma Nirnaya)

Works on
Mahabharata The ''Mahābhārata'' ( ; sa, महाभारतम्, ', ) is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India in Hinduism, the other being the '' Rāmāyaṇa''. It narrates the struggle between two groups of cousins in the K ...

* महाभारततात्पर्यनिर्णयः

Mahabharata Tatparya Nirnaya Mahabharata Tatparya Nirnaya is a commentary on the Hindu epic Ramayana, birth of Veda Vyasa and Mahabharata by Sri Madhvacharya, the founder of the Dvaita school of philosophy. Contents The ''Mahabharata Tatparya Nirnaya'' has 32 chapters. ...

* भारतनिर्णयः or यमकभारतम् (Yamaka Bharata)

Work on
Puranas Purana (; sa, , '; literally meaning "ancient, old"Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of Literature (1995 Edition), Article on Puranas, , page 915) is a vast genre of Indian literature about a wide range of topics, particularly about legends an ...

* भागवततात्पर्यनिर्णयः ( Bhagavata Tatparya Nirnaya)

Stotras

* नरसिंहनखस्तुतिः (Narasimha Naka Stuti) * द्वादशस्तोत्रम् (

Dvadasha stotra Dvadasha stotra is a series of 12 Stotras composed by Sri Madhvacharya, the 13th-century founder of the Tattvavada or Dvaita school of philosophy. 'Dvadasha' in Sanskrit means 12 and all the 12 stotras are in praise of Lord Vishnu. It is believed ...

) * कन्दुकस्तुतिः (Kanduka Stuti)

Miscellaneous Works

* कृष्णामृतमहार्णवः ( Krishnamruta Maharnava) Krishnamruta Maharnava
/ref> * सदाचारस्मृतिः ( Sadachara Smruti) * तन्त्रसारसङ्ग्रहः (Tantra Sara Sangraha) * यतिप्रणवकल्पः (Yati Pranava Kalpa) * जयन्तीनिर्णयः (Jayanti Nirnaya) * न्यासपद्धतिः (Nyasapaddhati) * तिथिनिर्णयः (Tithinirnaya)

Notes

References

Bibliography

* * *

External links

Tattvavada

Sarvamoola Granthas (Uttaradimath)

{{DEFAULTSORT:Madhvacharya Dvaita Vedanta Madhvacharya Bibliographies by writer Sanskrit texts Bibliographies of Indian writers Religious bibliographies

Commentaries on the Bhagavad Gita The Bhagavad Gita (; sa, श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता, lit=The Song by God, translit=śrīmadbhagavadgītā;), often referred to as the Gita (), is a 700- verse Hindu scripture that is part of the epic ''Mahabharata'' ( ...