__NOTOC__ This is a list of women philosophers ordered alphabetically by surname. Although often overlooked in mainstream historiography, women have engaged in

philosophy Philosophy (from , ) is the systematized study of general and fundamental questions, such as those about existence, reason, knowledge, values, mind, and language. Such questions are often posed as problems to be studied or resolved. ...

throughout the field's history. Some notable philosophers include

Maitreyi Maitreyi ( sa, मैत्रेयी) ("Wise one") was an Indian philosopher who lived during the later Vedic period in ancient India. She is mentioned in the ''Brihadaranyaka Upanishad'' as one of two wives of the Vedic sage Yajnavalkya; s ...

(1000 BCE), Gargi Vachaknavi (900 BCE),

Ghosha Ghosha ( sa, घोषा) was an ancient Vedic period Indian female philosopher and seer. From a young age she suffered from a skin ailment which had disfigured her. Ashvini Kumars cured her and restored her youthfulness, health and beauty. As ...

(800 BCE),

Hypatia of Alexandria Hypatia, Koine pronunciation (born 350–370; died 415 AD) was a neoplatonist philosopher, astronomer, and mathematician, who lived in Alexandria, Egypt, then part of the Eastern Roman Empire. She was a prominent thinker in Alexandria wher ...

(ca. 370–415 CE), Anne Conway (1631–1679),

Mary Wollstonecraft Mary Wollstonecraft (, ; 27 April 1759 – 10 September 1797) was a British writer, philosopher, and advocate of women's rights. Until the late 20th century, Wollstonecraft's life, which encompassed several unconventional personal relationsh ...

(1759–1797),

Harriet Martineau Harriet Martineau (; 12 June 1802 – 27 June 1876) was an English social theorist often seen as the first female sociologist, focusing on race relations within much of her published material.Michael R. Hill (2002''Harriet Martineau: Theoretic ...

(1802-1876), Sarah Margaret Fuller (1810–1850),

Frances Power Cobbe Frances Power Cobbe (4 December 1822 – 5 April 1904) was an Anglo-Irish writer, philosopher, religious thinker, social reformer, anti- vivisection activist and leading women's suffrage campaigner. She founded a number of animal advocacy gro ...

(1822-1904), Vernon Lee (1856-1935),

Edith Stein Edith Stein (religious name Saint Teresia Benedicta a Cruce ; also known as Saint Teresa Benedicta of the Cross or Saint Edith Stein; 12 October 1891 – 9 August 1942) was a German Jewish philosopher who converted to Christianity and became a D ...

(1891–1942),

Ayn Rand Alice O'Connor (born Alisa Zinovyevna Rosenbaum;, . Most sources transliterate her given name as either ''Alisa'' or ''Alissa''. , 1905 – March 6, 1982), better known by her pen name Ayn Rand (), was a Russian-born American writer and p ...

(1905–1982),

Hannah Arendt Hannah Arendt (, , ; 14 October 1906 – 4 December 1975) was a political philosopher, author, and Holocaust survivor. She is widely considered to be one of the most influential political theorists of the 20th century. Arendt was born ...

(1906–1975),

Simone de Beauvoir Simone Lucie Ernestine Marie Bertrand de Beauvoir (, ; ; 9 January 1908 – 14 April 1986) was a French existentialist philosopher, writer, social theorist, and feminist activist. Though she did not consider herself a philosopher, and even ...

(1908–1986),

Iris Murdoch Dame Jean Iris Murdoch ( ; 15 July 1919 – 8 February 1999) was an Irish and British novelist and philosopher. Murdoch is best known for her novels about good and evil, sexual relationships, morality, and the power of the unconscious. Her ...

(1919–1999),

Elizabeth Anscombe Gertrude Elizabeth Margaret Anscombe (; 18 March 1919 – 5 January 2001), usually cited as G. E. M. Anscombe or Elizabeth Anscombe, was a British analytic philosopher. She wrote on the philosophy of mind, philosophy of action, ...

(1919–2001),

Mary Midgley Mary Beatrice Midgley (' Scrutton; 13 September 1919 – 10 October 2018) was a British philosopher. A senior lecturer in philosophy at Newcastle University, she was known for her work on science, ethics and animal rights. She wrote her first b ...

(1919–2018),

Philippa Foot Philippa Ruth Foot (; née Bosanquet; 3 October 1920 – 3 October 2010) was an English philosopher and one of the founders of contemporary virtue ethics, who was inspired by the ethics of Aristotle. Along with Judith Jarvis Thomson, she is c ...

(1920–2010),

Mary Warnock Helen Mary Warnock, Baroness Warnock, (née Wilson; 14 April 1924 – 20 March 2019) was an English philosopher of morality, education, and mind, and a writer on existentialism. She is best known for chairing an inquiry whose report formed th ...

(1924–2019),

Joyce Mitchell Cook Joyce Mitchell Cook (October 28, 1933 – June 6, 2014) was an American philosopher. She was the first African American woman to receive a PhD in philosophy in the United States. After earning that degree from Yale University, she was the first fe ...

(1933–2015, the first African American woman to receive a Ph.D. in philosophy),

Cora Diamond Cora Diamond (born 1937) is an American philosopher who works on Ludwig Wittgenstein, Gottlob Frege, moral philosophy, animal ethics, political philosophy, philosophy of language, and philosophy and literature. Diamond is the Kenan Professor ...

(born 1937), and

Susan Haack Susan Haack (born 1945) is a distinguished professor in the humanities, Cooper Senior Scholar in Arts and Sciences, professor of philosophy, and professor of law at the University of Miami in Coral Gables, Florida. Haack has written on logic, ...

(born 1945). __TOC__

By period

Ancient philosophy

Lopamudra Lopamudra, ( sa, लोपामुद्रा) also known as Kaushitaki and Varaprada, was a philosopher according to ancient Vedic Indian literature. She was the wife of the sage Agastya who is believed to have lived in the Rigveda period ( ...

(born 1100 BCE) *

(born about 1000 BCE ) *

(born vedic period) * Gargi Vachaknavi (born about 700 BCE) *

Theano of Croton Theano of Crotone (; el, Θεανώ) was a 6th-century BC Pythagorean philosopher. She has been called the wife or student of Pythagoras, although others see her as the wife of Brontinus. Her place of birth and the identity of her father are unc ...

(6th century BCE) *

Aristoclea of Delphi Themistoclea (; grc-gre, Θεμιστόκλεια ''Themistokleia''; also Aristoclea (; Ἀριστοκλεία ''Aristokleia''), Theoclea (; Θεοκλεία ''Theokleia''); fl. 6th century BCE) was, according to surviving sources, Pythagoras’ ...

(6th century BCE) *

Khujjuttarā Khujjuttarā was one of the Buddha's foremost ( Sanskrit: agra, Pali: ''agga'') female lay disciples (Pali: '' upasika'', '' savaka''). According to commentaries of the Pāli Canon, Khujjuttara was a servant to one of the queens of King Ude ...

(6th century BCE) *

Aspasia of Miletus Aspasia (; grc-gre, Ἀσπασία ; after 428 BC) was a ''metic'' woman in Classical Athens. Born in Miletus, she moved to Athens and began a relationship with the statesman Pericles, with whom she had a son, Pericles the Younger. Accor ...

(approx. 470–400 BCE) *

Arete of Cyrene Arete of Cyrene (; el, Ἀρήτη; fl. 5th–4th century BC) was a Cyrenaic philosopher who lived in Cyrene, Libya. She was the daughter of Aristippus of Cyrene. Life and teachings Arete learned philosophy from her father, Aristippus, who had ...

(4th century BCE) *

Hipparchia of Maroneia Hipparchia of Maroneia (; el, Ἱππαρχία ἡ Μαρωνεῖτις; fl. c. 325 BC) was a Cynic philosopher, and wife of Crates of Thebes. She was the sister of Metrokles, the cynic philosopher. She was born in Maroneia, but her family m ...

(4th century BCE) *

Nicarete of Megara Nicarete or Nicareta of Megara ( grc-gre, Νικαρέτη, ''Nikarétē'') was a philosopher of the Megarian school, who flourished around . She is stated by Athenaeus to have been a hetaera of good family and education, and to have been a discipl ...

(fl. around 300 BCE) *

Catherine of Alexandria Catherine of Alexandria (also spelled Katherine); grc-gre, ἡ Ἁγία Αἰκατερίνη ἡ Μεγαλομάρτυς ; ar, سانت كاترين; la, Catharina Alexandrina). is, according to tradition, a Christian saint and virgin, ...

(282–305) *

Ptolemais of Cyrene Ptolemais of Cyrene ( grc, Πτολεμαῒς ἡ Κυρηναία) was a music theorist, author of ''Pythagorean Principles of Music'' (Πυθαγορικὴ τῆς μουσικῆς στοιχείωσις). She lived perhaps in the 3rd centur ...

(3rd century BCE) *

Aesara of Lucania Aesara of Lucania ( el, Αἰσάρα ''Aisara''; 4th or 3rd century BC) was a Pythagorean philosopher who wrote ''On Human Nature'', of which a fragment is preserved by Stobaeus. Life Aesara is known only from a one-page fragment of her philosop ...

(3rd century BCE) *

Diotima of Mantinea Diotima of Mantinea (; el, Διοτίμα; la, Diotīma) is the name or pseudonym of an ancient Greek character in Plato's dialogue ''Symposium'', possibly an actual historical figure, indicated as having lived circa 440 B.C. Her ideas and doct ...

(appears in Plato's ''Symposium'') *

Ban Zhao Ban Zhao (; 45 or 49 – c. 117/120 CE), courtesy name Huiban (), was a Chinese historian, philosopher, and politician. She was the first known female Chinese historian and, along with Pamphile of Epidaurus, one of the first known female h ...

(c. 35–100) * Sosipatra of Ephesus (4th century CE) * Xie Daoyun (before 340–after 399) *

Hypatia Hypatia, Koine pronunciation (born 350–370; died 415 AD) was a neoplatonist philosopher, astronomer, and mathematician, who lived in Alexandria, Egypt, then part of the Eastern Roman Empire. She was a prominent thinker in Alexandria where ...

(c. 360–415 CE) * Aedesia of Alexandria (5th century CE) * Theodora (5th-6th century CE)

Medieval philosophy

From the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century C.E. to the Renaissance in the 16th century. * Ubhaya Bharati (8th century) * Héloïse d'Argenteuil (1090–1164), contributed to the ethical thought of

Peter Abelard Peter Abelard (; french: link=no, Pierre Abélard; la, Petrus Abaelardus or ''Abailardus''; 21 April 1142) was a medieval French scholastic philosopher, leading logician, theologian, poet, composer and musician. This source has a detailed des ...

. *

Akka Mahadevi Akka Mahadevi ಅಕ್ಕ ಮಹಾದೇವಿ (c.1130–1160) was one of the early female poets of the Kannada literature and a prominent person in the Lingayat Shaiva sect in the 12th century. Her 430 extant Vachana poems (a form of spont ...

(c.1130–1160) *

Marguerite Porete Marguerite Porete (; 13th century1 June 1310) was a French-speaking mystic and the author of '' The Mirror of Simple Souls'', a work of Christian mysticism dealing with the workings of agape (divine love). She was burnt at the stake for heresy i ...

(1250–1310) *

Tullia d'Aragona Tullia d'Aragona (1501/1505 – March or April 1556) was an Italian poet, author and philosopher. Born in Rome sometime between 1501 and 1505, Tullia traveled throughout Venice, Ferrara, Siena, and Florence before returning to Rome. Throughout her ...

(c. 1510–1556) *

Lalleshwari Lalleshwari, also known locally as Lal Ded (; 1320–1392), was a Kashmiri mystic of the Kashmir Shaivism school of Hindu philosophy. She was the creator of the style of mystic poetry called vatsun or ''Vakhs'', literally "speech" (from Sanskr ...

(1320–1392) *

Catherine of Siena Catherine of Siena (Italian: ''Caterina da Siena''; 25 March 1347 – 29 April 1380), a member of the Third Order of Saint Dominic, was a mystic, activist, and author who had a great influence on Italian literature and on the Catholic Church ...

(1347–1380) *

Christine de Pizan Christine de Pizan or Pisan (), born Cristina da Pizzano (September 1364 – c. 1430), was an Italian poet and court writer for King Charles VI of France and several French dukes. Christine de Pizan served as a court writer in medieval France ...

(1364-1430) *

Moderata Fonte Moderata Fonte, directly translates to Modest Well is a pseudonym of Modesta di Pozzo di Forzi (or Zorzi), also known as Modesto Pozzo (or Modesta, feminization of Modesto), (1555–1592) was a Venetian writer and poet. Besides the posthumously ...

(1555–1592) *

Hildegard of Bingen Hildegard of Bingen (german: Hildegard von Bingen; la, Hildegardis Bingensis; 17 September 1179), also known as Saint Hildegard and the Sibyl of the Rhine, was a German Benedictine abbess and polymath active as a writer, composer, philosopher ...

(1098–1179), German abbess, composer, and philosopher. *

Teresa of Ávila Teresa of Ávila, OCD (born Teresa Sánchez de Cepeda y Ahumada; 28 March 15154 or 15 October 1582), also called Saint Teresa of Jesus, was a Spanish Carmelite nun and prominent Spanish mystic and religious reformer. Active during t ...

(1515-1582)

Modern philosophy

It is still debated when the Modern period began, but some scholars place 15th and 16th century philosophers into the category of “Early Modern Philosophy”, and those in the 17th through the early 20th centuries into the categories of Modern and “Post Modern” philosophy. *

Marie de Gournay Marie de Gournay (; 6 October 1565, Paris – 13 July 1645) was a French writer, who wrote a novel and a number of other literary compositions, including ''The Equality of Men and Women'' (''Égalité des hommes et des femmes'', 1622) and ' ...

(1565-1645) *

Anna Maria van Schurman Anna Maria van Schurman (November 5, 1607 – May 4, 1678) was a Dutch painter, engraver, poet, and scholar, who is best known for her exceptional learning and her defence of female education. She was a highly educated woman, who excelled in ...

(1607-1678) *

Madeleine de Scudéry Madeleine de Scudéry (15 November 1607 – 2 June 1701), often known simply as Mademoiselle de Scudéry, was a French writer. Her works also demonstrate such comprehensive knowledge of ancient history that it is suspected she had received inst ...

(1607-1701) * Gabrielle Suchon (1631-1703) *

Madame de Maintenon Madame may refer to: * Madam, civility title or form of address for women, derived from the French * Madam (prostitution), a term for a woman who is engaged in the business of procuring prostitutes, usually the manager of a brothel * ''Madame'' ( ...

(1635-1719) *

Mary Astell Mary Astell (12 November 1666 – 11 May 1731) was an English protofeminist writer, philosopher, and rhetorician. Her advocacy of equal educational opportunities for women has earned her the title "the first English feminist."Batchelor, Jenni ...

(1666–1731) *

Damaris Cudworth Masham ] Damaris, Lady Masham (18 January 1659 – 20 April 1708) was an English writer, philosopher, theologian, and advocate for women's education who is characterized as a proto-feminist. She overcame some weakness of eyesight and lack of access to ...

(1659–1708), philosopher and theologian * Laura Bassi (1711–1778), philosopher and physicist *

(1802-1876) * Helena Blavatsky (1831–1891) *

(1822-1904) *

Antoinette Brown Blackwell Antoinette Louisa Brown, later Antoinette Brown Blackwell (May 20, 1825 – November 5, 1921), was the first woman to be ordained as a mainstream Protestant minister in the United States. She was a well-versed public speaker on the paramount iss ...

(1825–1921) * Margaret Cavendish (1623–1673) *

Émilie du Châtelet Gabrielle Émilie Le Tonnelier de Breteuil, Marquise du Châtelet (; 17 December 1706 – 10 September 1749) was a French natural philosopher and mathematician from the early 1730s until her death due to complications during childbirth in 1749. ...

(1706–1749) *

Sister Nivedita Sister Nivedita ( born Margaret Elizabeth Noble; 28 October 1867 – 13 October 1911) was an Irish teacher, author, social activist, school founder and disciple of Swami Vivekananda. She spent her childhood and early youth in Ireland. She w ...

(1867–1911) *

Catharine Trotter Cockburn Catharine Trotter Cockburn (16 August 1679 – 11 May 1749) was an English novelist, dramatist, and philosopher. She wrote on moral philosophy, theological tracts, and had a voluminous correspondence. Trotter's work addresses a range of issues ...

(1679–1749) * Anne Conway (1631–1679) *

George Eliot Mary Ann Evans (22 November 1819 – 22 December 1880; alternatively Mary Anne or Marian), known by her pen name George Eliot, was an English novelist, poet, journalist, translator, and one of the leading writers of the Victorian era. She wrot ...

(Mary Ann Evans) (1819–1880) * Elisabeth of Bohemia (1618–1680) *

Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz Sor may refer to: * Fernando Sor (1778–1839), Spanish guitarist and composer * Sor, Ariège, a French commune * SOR Libchavy, a Czech bus manufacturer * Sor, Azerbaijan, a village * Sor, Senegal, an offshore island * Sor River, a river in the Oro ...

(1648–1695) *

(1759–1797) * Sophie de Grouchy (1764-1822) *

Gauri Ma Gauri Ma (February 1857 Shibpur, Howrah, British India – 1 March 1938), born Mridani, was a prominent Indian disciple of Ramakrishna, companion of Sarada Devi and founder of Kolkata's Saradeswari Ashram. While Gauri Ma was living at Dakshine ...

(1857–1938)

Contemporary philosophy

Felicia Nimue Ackerman Felicia Nimue Ackerman (born 1947) is an American author, poet, and philosopher and professor of philosophy at Brown University. She is a prolific writer of letters to the editor of '' The New York Times.'' Early life and education Ackerman, t ...

(fl. 2014) *

Marilyn McCord Adams Marilyn McCord Adams (October 12, 1943–March 22, 2017) was an American philosopher and Episcopal priest. She specialized in the philosophy of religion, philosophical theology, and medieval philosophy. She was Horace Tracy Pitkin Professor of H ...

(1943–2017) * Alia Al-Saji (fl. 2014) * Lilli Alanen (1941–2021) *

Linda Martín Alcoff Linda Martín Alcoff is a Latin-American philosopher and professor of philosophy at Hunter College, City University of New York. Alcoff specializes in social epistemology, feminist philosophy, philosophy of race, decolonial theory and cont ...

(born 1955) *

Amy Allen Amy Allen (born October 24, 1976) is an American actress and film crew member who portrayed the Jedi Master Aayla Secura in ''Star Wars'' films released in 2002 and 2005. She worked behind the scenes on many different movies, including ''A.I. ...

(fl. 2014) * Alice Ambrose (1906–2001) * Elizabeth Anderson (born 1959) * Lou Andreas-Salomé (1861–1937) *

Julia Annas Julia Elizabeth Annas (born 1946) is a British philosopher who has taught in the United States for the last quarter-century. She is Regents Professor of Philosophy Emerita at the University of Arizona. Education and career Annas graduated from ...

(born 1946) *

G. E. M. Anscombe Gertrude Elizabeth Margaret Anscombe (; 18 March 1919 – 5 January 2001), usually cited as G. E. M. Anscombe or Elizabeth Anscombe, was a British analytic philosopher. She wrote on the philosophy of mind, philosophy of action ...

(1919–2001) *

Louise Antony Louise M. Antony is an American philosopher who is professor of philosophy at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. She specializes in philosophy of mind, epistemology, feminist theory, and philosophy of language. Education and career Antony ...

(fl. 2014) *

(1906–1975), political theorist * Nomy Arpaly (fl. 2014) * Anita Avramides (born 1952) * Babette Babich (born 1956) *

Annette Baier Annette Claire Baier (née Stoop; 11 October 1929 – 2 November 2012) was a New Zealand philosopher and Hume scholar, focused in particular on Hume's moral psychology. She was well known also for her contributions to feminist philosophy and to t ...

(1929–2012) * Dorit Bar-On (fl. 1990) * Marcia Baron (fl. 2014) * Lauren Barthold * Sandra Bartky (1935–2016) * Nancy Bauer (born 1960) *

(1908–1986), author, feminist * Helen Beebee (fl. 2014) * Seyla Benhabib (born 1950) *

Tina Fernandes Botts Tina Fernandes Botts is a legal scholar and philosophy professor currently teaching at the San Joaquin College of Law. She is known for her work in legal hermeneutics, intersectionality, feminist philosophy, and philosophy of race (particularly ...

(fl. 2014) *

Peg Birmingham Peg Birmingham is an American academic who serves as Professor of Philosophy at DePaul University. Much of Birmingham's work has focused on the work of Hannah Arendt, to whose thought she is considered to have made a profound contribution, althoug ...

(fl. 2014) *

Susanne Bobzien Susanne Bobzien (born 1960) is a German-born philosopherWho'sWho in America 2012, 64th Edition whose research interests focus on philosophy of logic and language, determinism and freedom, and ancient philosophy. She currently is senior research ...

(born 1960) * Samantha Brennan (fl. 1997) * Janet Broughton (fl. 2014) * Kimberley Brownlee (born 1978) * Teresa Blankmeyer Burke (fl. 2014) * Inga Bostad (born 1963), Norwegian philosopher and educator *

Giannina Braschi Giannina Braschi (born February 5, 1953) is a Puerto Rican poet, novelist, dramatist, and scholar. Her notable works include ''Empire of Dreams'' (1988), ''Yo-Yo Boing!'' (1998) ''and United States of Banana'' (2011). Braschi writes cross-genr ...

(born 1953) *

Judith Butler Judith Pamela Butler (born February 24, 1956) is an American philosopher and gender theorist whose work has influenced political philosophy, ethics, and the fields of third-wave feminism, queer theory, and literary theory. In 1993, Butler b ...

(born 1956) *

Mary Whiton Calkins Mary Whiton Calkins (; 30 March 1863 – 26 February 1930) was an American philosopher and psychologist, whose work informed theory and research of memory, dreams and the self. In 1903, Calkins was the twelfth in a listing of fifty psychologists w ...

(1863–1930) *

Joan Callahan Joan Callahan (March 29, 1946 – June 6, 2019) was a Professor Emerita of Philosophy at the University of Kentucky, an institution where she taught for more than twenty years and served in a variety of roles, including as director of the Gender a ...

(professor emerita, 2011) *

Elisabeth Camp Elisabeth Camp is a professor of philosophy at Rutgers University. Camp's work has focused on forms of thought and speech that do not fit standard propositional models. She has written extensively about figurative speech such as sarcasm and metap ...

(fl. 2014) *

Victoria Camps Victoria Camps (born 1941, Barcelona) is a Spanish philosopher and professor of ethics. Career She obtained a degree in philosophy at the University of Barcelona, completing her thesis, entitled “ La dimensión pragmática del lenguaje”, in ...

(1941) * Claudia Card (1940–2015) *

Nancy Cartwright Nancy Cartwright (born October 25, 1957) is an American actress. She is the long-time voice of Bart Simpson on the animated television series ''The Simpsons'', for which she has received a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Voice-Over Perform ...

(born 1944) *

Barbara Cassin Barbara Cassin (; born 24 October 1947) is a French philologist and philosopher. She was elected to the Académie française on 4 May 2018. Cassin is the recipient of the Grand Prize of Philosophy of the Académie française. She is an Emeritus ...

(born 1947) *

Ruth Chang Ruth Chang is the Professor and Chair of Jurisprudence at the University of Oxford, a Professorial Fellow of University College, Oxford, and an American professor of philosophy. She is known for her research on the incommensurability of values ...

(fl. 2014) *

Patricia Churchland Patricia Smith Churchland (born 16 July 1943) is a Canadian-American analytic philosopher noted for her contributions to neurophilosophy and the philosophy of mind. She is UC President's Professor of Philosophy Emerita at the University of Cali ...

(born 1943) *

Hélène Cixous Hélène Cixous (; ; born 5 June 1937) is a French writer, playwright and literary critic. She is known for her experimental writing style and great versatility as a writer and thinker, her work dealing with multiple genres: theater, literary a ...

(born 1937) *

Lorraine Code Lorraine Code (born October 19, 1937) is Professor Emerita of Philosophy at York University in Toronto, Ontario, Canada and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. Her principal area of research is feminist epistemology and the politics of kn ...

(born 1937) *

(1933–2014) *

Megan Craig Megan Craig (born 11 December 1992 in Blenheim, Marlborough) is a New Zealand professional squash Squash may refer to: Sports * Squash (sport), the high-speed racquet sport also known as squash racquets * Squash (professional wrestling), a ...

Alice Crary Alice Crary (; born 1967) is an American philosopher who currently holds the positions of University Distinguished Professor at the Graduate Faculty, The New School for Social Research in New York City and Visiting Fellow at Regent's Park Colle ...

(fl. 2014) * Ann Cudd (fl. 2014) * Chris Cuomo (fl. 2014) * Izydora Dąmbska (1904–1983) * Peggy DesAutels (fl. 2014) * Penelope Deutscher (fl. 2014) * Heather Douglas (born 1969) * Helene von Druskowitz (1856–1918) *

Raya Dunayevskaya Raya Dunayevskaya (born Raya Shpigel, ; May 1, 1910 - June 9, 1987), later Rae Spiegel, also known by the pseudonym Freddie Forest, was the American founder of the philosophy of Marxist humanism in the United States. At one time Leon Trotsky's s ...

(1910–1987) *

Divya Dwivedi Divya Dwivedi is a philosopher and author based in India. She is an associate professor at the Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi. Her work focuses on ontology, metaphysics, literature, and philosophy of politics. Early life and education D ...

Dorothy Edgington Dorothy Margaret Doig Edgington FBA (née Milne, born 29 April 1941) is a philosopher active in metaphysics and philosophical logic. She is particularly known for her work on the logic of conditionals and vagueness. Life and education Dorothy ...

(born 1941) * Frances Egan (fl. 2014) *

Dorothy Emmet Dorothy Mary Emmet (; 29 September 1904, Kensington, London – 20 September 2000, Cambridge) was a British philosopher and head of Manchester University's philosophy department for over twenty years. With Margaret Masterman and Richard Braithw ...

(1904–2000) *

Cécile Fabre Cécile Fabre (born 1971) is a French philosopher, serving as professor of philosophy at the University of Oxford. Since 2014 she has been a senior research fellow at All Souls College, Oxford. Her research focuses on political philosophy, the ...

(born 1971) * Carla Fehr (fl. 2014) * Carrie Figdor (fl. 2014) *

Gail Fine Gail Fine is a professor of philosophy emerita at Cornell University. She was also a visiting professor of ancient philosophy at Oxford University, and a senior research fellow at Merton College, Oxford University. Education and career Fine earn ...

(fl. 2014) *

Juliet Floyd Juliet Floyd is professor of philosophy at Boston University. Her strongest research interests lie in early analytic philosophy (on which she has edited a volume) and she has used early analytic philosophy as a lens to examine a diverse array of ...

(fl. 2014) *

(1920–2010) *

Nancy Fraser Nancy Fraser (; born May 20, 1947) is an American philosopher, critical theorist, feminist, and the Henry A. and Louise Loeb Professor of Political and Social Science and professor of philosophy at The New School in New York City.Jadžić, Milo� ...

(born 1947) *

Marilyn Frye Marilyn Frye (born 1941) is an American philosopher and radical feminist theorist. She is known for her theories on sexism, racism, oppression, and sexuality. Her writings offer discussions of feminist topics, such as: white supremacy, male pri ...

(born 1941) *

Ann Garry Ann Garry is a professor of philosophy, emerita, at California State University, Los Angeles (CSULA). While at CSULA, Garry was the founding director of the Center for the Study of Genders and Sexualities, and also served several terms as the chai ...

(fl. 2014) *

Tamar Gendler Tamar Szabó Gendler (born December 20, 1965) is an American philosopher. She is the Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences at Yale as well as the Vincent J. Scully Professor of Philosophy and a Professor of Psychology and Cognitive Sciences ...

(born 1965) *

Margaret Gilbert Margaret Gilbert (born 1942) is a British philosopher best known for her founding contributions to the analytic philosophy of social phenomena. She has also made substantial contributions to other philosophical fields including political philosop ...

(born 1942) *

Mary Louise Gill Mary Louise Gill is the David Benedict Professor of Classics and Philosophy at Brown University. Her work primarily focuses on Plato, Aristotle, and other (primarily Greek) ancient philosophers. Education and career Gill received a bachelor' ...

(fl. 2014) * Kathryn Gines (fl. 2014) *

Lydia Goehr Lydia Goehr is a professor of philosophy at Columbia University. Her research specialties include the philosophy of music, aesthetics, critical theory, the philosophy of history, and 19th- and 20th-century philosophy. Early life and education ...

(fl. 2014) * Patricia Greenspan (fl. 2014) *

Celia Green Celia Elizabeth Green (born 26 November 1935) is a British writer on philosophical skepticism and psychology. Biography Green's parents were both primary school teachers, who together authored a series of geography textbooks which became know ...

(born 1935) *

Germaine Greer Germaine Greer (; born 29 January 1939) is an Australian writer and public intellectual, regarded as one of the major voices of the radical feminist movement in the latter half of the 20th century. Specializing in English and women's literat ...

(born 1939) *

Marjorie Grene Marjorie Glicksman Grene (December 13, 1910 – March 16, 2009) was an Americans, American philosopher. She wrote on existentialism and the philosophy of science, especially the philosophy of biology. She taught at the University of California, Da ...

(1910–2009) *

(born 1945) * Ruth Hagengruber (born 1958) *

Käte Hamburger Käte Hamburger (September 21, 1896 in Hamburg – April 8, 1992 in Stuttgart) was a Germanist, literary scholar and philosopher. She was a professor at the University of Stuttgart. Hamburger earned her doctorate in 1922 in Munich. Expelled b ...

(1896–1992), literary scholar *

Donna Haraway Donna J. Haraway is an American Professor Emerita in the History of Consciousness Department and Feminist Studies Department at the University of California, Santa Cruz, and a prominent scholar in the field of science and technology studies. S ...

(born 1944) *

Sandra Harding Sandra G. Harding (born 1935) is an American philosopher of feminist and postcolonial theory, epistemology, research methodology, and philosophy of science. She directed the UCLA Center for the Study of Women from 1996 to 2000, and co-edite ...

(born 1935), feminist * Sally Haslanger (fl. 2014) * Jane Heal (born 1946) *

Virginia Held Virginia Potter Held (born October 28, 1929) is an American moral, social/political and feminist philosopher whose work on the ethics of care sparked significant research into the ethical dimensions of providing care for others and critiques of ...

(born 1929) * Ágnes Heller (1929–2019) *

Jeanne Hersch Jeanne Hersch (13 July 1910 – 5 June 2000) was a Swiss philosopher of Polish-Jewish origin, whose works dealt with the concept of freedom. She was the daughter of Liebman Hersch. Education and career Hersch was born in 1910 in Geneva, Sw ...

(1910–2000) *

Mary Hesse Mary Brenda Hesse FBA (15 October 1924 – 2 October 2016) was an English philosopher of science, latterly a professor in the subject at the University of Cambridge. Biography Mary Hesse was born in Reigate, Surrey, to Ethelbert (Bertie) Thom ...

(1924–2016) * Pamela Hieronymi (fl. 2014) *

Jennifer Hornsby Jennifer Hornsby, FBA (born 1951) is a British philosopher with interests in the philosophies of mind, action, language, as well as feminist philosophy. She is currently a professor at the School of Philosophy, Birkbeck, University of London. ...

(born 1951) *

Susan Hurley Susan Lynn Hurley (September 16, 1954 – August 16, 2007) was appointed professor in the department of Politics and International Studies at the University of Warwick in 1994, professor of philosophy at Bristol University from 2006 and the fir ...

(1954–2007) *

Rosalind Hursthouse Mary Rosalind Hursthouse (born 10 November 1943) is a British-born New Zealand moral philosopher noted for her work on virtue ethics. Hursthouse is Professor Emerita of Philosophy at the University of Auckland. Biography Born in Bristol, Englan ...

(born 1943) *

Luce Irigaray Luce Irigaray (born 3 May 1930) is a Belgian-born French feminist, philosopher, linguist, psycholinguist, psychoanalyst, and cultural theorist who examined the uses and misuses of language in relation to women. Irigaray's first and most well kn ...

(born 1930) * Jenann Ismael (fl. 2014) * Alison Jaggar (fl. 2014) * Susan James (born 1951) *

Carrie Ichikawa Jenkins Carrie Ichikawa Jenkins is a Canadian philosopher who holds a Canada Research Chair and is Professor of Philosophy at the University of British Columbia. She is also a professor at the Northern Institute of Philosophy, University of Aberdeen. He ...

(fl. 2014) *

Barbara Johnson Barbara Ellen Johnson (October 4, 1947 – August 27, 2009) was an American literary critic and translator, born in Boston. She was a Professor of English and Comparative Literature and the Fredric Wertham Professor of Law and Psychiatry in So ...

(1947–2009) *

Evelyn Fox Keller Evelyn Fox Keller (born March 20, 1936) is an American physicist, author and feminist. She is Professor Emerita of History and Philosophy of Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Keller's early work concentrated at the intersec ...

(born 1936) * Patricia Kitcher (born 1948) *

Eva Kittay Eva Feder Kittay is an American philosopher. She is Distinguished Professor of Philosophy ( Emerita) at Stony Brook University. Her primary interests include feminist philosophy, ethics, social and political theory, metaphor, and the application ...

(fl. 2014) * Martha Klein (retired 2006) *

Martha Kneale Martha Kneale (née ''Hurst''; 14 August 1909 – 2 December 2001) was a British philosopher. Education and career Martha Hurst was born in Skipton, Yorkshire. She obtained her B.A. degree from Somerville College, Oxford in 1933. Martha was a t ...

(1909–2001) * Helen Knight (1899–1984) *

Sarah Kofman Sarah Kofman (; September 14, 1934 – October 15, 1994) was a French philosopher . Biography Kofman began her teaching career in Toulouse in 1960 at the Lycée Saint-Sernin, and worked with both Jean Hyppolite and Gilles Deleuze. Her aban ...

(1934–1994) *

Christine Korsgaard Christine Marion Korsgaard, (; born April 9, 1952) is an American philosopher who is the Arthur Kingsley Porter Professor of Philosophy Emerita at Harvard University. Her main scholarly interests are in moral philosophy and its history; the relat ...

(born 1952) *

Julia Kristeva Julia Kristeva (; born Yuliya Stoyanova Krasteva, bg, Юлия Стоянова Кръстева; on 24 June 1941) is a Bulgarian-French philosopher, literary critic, semiotician, psychoanalyst, feminist, and, most recently, novelist, who ha ...

(born 1941) * İoanna Kuçuradi (born 1936) * Jennifer Lackey (fl. 2014) *

Susanne Langer Susanne Katherina Langer (; ''née'' Knauth; December 20, 1895 – July 17, 1985) was an American philosopher, writer, and educator known for her theories on the influences of art on the mind. She was one of the earliest American women to achieve ...

(1895–1985) *

Rae Langton Rae Helen Langton, FBA (born 14 February 1961) is an Australian-British professor of philosophy. She is currently the Knightbridge Professor of Philosophy at the University of Cambridge. She has published widely on Immanuel Kant's philosophy, ...

(born 1961) * Thelma Z. Lavine (1915–2011) * Michèle Le Dœuff (born 1948) * Hilde Lindemann (fl. 2014) *

Genevieve Lloyd Genevieve Mary Lloyd (born 16 October 1941 at Cootamundra, New South Wales), is an Australian philosopher and feminist. Biography Lloyd studied philosophy at the University of Sydney in the early 1960s and then at Somerville College, Oxford. Her ...

(born 1941) * Elisabeth Lloyd * Sharon Lloyd (fl. 2014) *

Helen Longino Helen Elizabeth Longino (born July 13, 1944) is an American philosopher of science who has argued for the significance of values and social interactions to scientific inquiry. She has written about the role of women in science and is a centra ...

(born 1944) * Béatrice Longuenesse (born 1950) *

Penelope Maddy Penelope Maddy (born 4 July 1950) is an American philosopher. Maddy is Emerita UCI Distinguished Professor of Logic and Philosophy of Science and of Mathematics at the University of California, Irvine. She is well known for her influential work i ...

(born 1950) *

Kate Manne Kate Alice Manne (born 1983) is an Australian philosopher, associate professor of philosophy at Cornell University, and author. Her work is primarily in feminist philosophy, moral philosophy, and social philosophy. Education and career Born in Aus ...

(born 1983) *

Ruth Barcan Marcus Ruth Barcan Marcus (; born Ruth Charlotte Barcan; 2 August 1921 – 19 February 2012) was an American academic philosopher and logician best known for her work in modal and philosophical logic. She developed the first formal systems of quant ...

(1921–2012) *

Noëlle McAfee Noëlle McAfee is professor of philosophy and affiliated faculty in women's, gender, and sexuality studies and psychoanalytic studies at Emory University, where she has taught since 2010. McAfee previously taught at several other universities, in ...

(fl. 2014) * Alison McIntyre (fl. 2014) * Margaret MacDonald (1907–1956) *

Fiona Macpherson Fiona Macpherson (born 19 October 1971) is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Glasgow, where she is also Director of the Centre for the Study of Perceptual Experience. She was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 201 ...

(born 1971) *

Mary Kate McGowan Mary Kate McGowan is the Luella LaMer Professor of Women's Studies as well as Professor of Philosophy at Wellesley College. McGowan has written a large number of peer-reviewed articles, contributed three commissioned book chapters, and has co-edi ...

(fl. 2014) * Susan Mendus (born 1951) * Christia Mercer (fl. 2014) *

(1919–2018) * Ruth Millikan (born 1933) *

Michele Moody-Adams Michele Moody-Adams is an American philosopher and academic administrator. Between July 1, 2009, and September 2011, she served as Dean of Columbia College and Vice President for Undergraduate Education at Columbia University. She was the firs ...

(1919–1999) *

Nancey Murphy Nancey Murphy (born 12 June 1951) is an American philosopher and theologian who is Professor of Christian Philosophy at Fuller Theological Seminary, Pasadena, CA. She received the B.A. from Creighton University (philosophy and psychology) in 1973 ...

(born 1951) * Constance Naden (1858–1889), poet and philosopher * Jennifer Nagel (graduated 1990) *

Uma Narayan Uma Narayan (born 16 April 1958) is an Indian feminist scholar and a current professor of philosophy at Vassar College on the Andrew W. Mellon Chair of Humanities. Narayan's work focuses on the epistemology of the inequities involving postcolon ...

(born 1958), Indian postcolonial feminist * Susan Neiman (born 1955) *

Karen Ng Karen Ng is a Canadian improvisational musician, teacher and event organizer based in Toronto, Ontario. Best known as a saxophonist, she is a multi-instrumentalist who has performed internationally with acts including Andy Shauf, Do Make Say T ...

* Nel Noddings (born 1929) * Kathryn Norlock (born 1969) * Kathleen Nott (1905–1999) *

Martha Nussbaum Martha Craven Nussbaum (; born May 6, 1947) is an American philosopher and the current Ernst Freund Distinguished Service Professor of Law and Ethics at the University of Chicago, where she is jointly appointed in the law school and the philosop ...

(born 1947) * Hilda D. Oakeley (1867–1950) * Peg O'Connor (born 1965) * Kelly Oliver (born 1958) * Onora O'Neill (born 1941) *

Maria Ossowska Maria Ossowska (''née'' Maria Niedźwiecka, 16 January 1896, Warsaw – 13 August 1974, Warsaw) was a Polish sociologist and social philosopher. Life A student of the philosopher Tadeusz Kotarbiński, she originally in 1925 received a doctorat ...

(1896–1974) *

Adrian Piper Adrian Margaret Smith Piper (born September 20, 1948) is an American conceptual artist and Kantian philosopher. Her work addresses how and why those involved in more than one discipline may experience professional ostracism, otherness, racia ...

(1905–1982) *

Janet Radcliffe Richards Janet Radcliffe Richards (born 1944) is a British philosopher specialising in bioethics and feminism and Professor of Practical Philosophy at the University of Oxford. She is the author of ''The Sceptical Feminist'' (1980), ''Philosophical Probl ...

(born 1944) *

Rosemary Radford Ruether Rosemary Radford Ruether (1936–2022) was an American feminist scholar and Roman Catholic theologian known for her significant contributions to the fields of feminist theology and ecofeminist theology. Her teaching and her writings helped est ...

(born 1936) *

Kate Raworth Kate Raworth (born 13 December 1970) is an English economist known for " doughnut economics", which she understands as an economic model that balances between essential human needs and planetary boundaries. She is Senior Associate at Oxford Unive ...

(born 1970) * Yvanka B. Raynova (born 1959) *

Helena Roerich Helena Ivanovna Roerich (born Shaposhnikova; russian: Елéна Ивáновна Рéрих; 12 February 1879 – 5 October 1955) was a Russian theosophist, writer, and public figure. In the early 20th century, she created, in cooperation with t ...

(1879–1955) * Amélie Rorty (1932–2020) * Renata Salecl (born 1962) *

Debra Satz Debra Satz is an American philosopher and the Vernon R. & Lysbeth Warren Anderson Dean of the School of Humanities and Sciences at Stanford University. She is the Marta Sutton Weeks Professor of Ethics in Society, Professor of Philosophy and, by ...

(fl. 2015) * Jennifer Saul (fl. 2014) * Susanna Schellenberg (born 1974) * Naomi Scheman (fl. 2014) *

Londa Schiebinger Londa Schiebinger (shē/bing/ǝr; born May 13, 1952) is the John L. Hinds Professor of History of Science, Department of History, and by courtesy the d-school, Stanford University. She received her Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1984. An intern ...

(born 1952), feminist *

Sally Scholz Sally J. Scholz (born 1968) is an American Professor of Philosophy at Villanova University and former editor of '' Hypatia: A Journal of Feminist Philosophy''. Her research focuses on social philosophy, political philosophy, and feminist theory. H ...

(born 1968) * Ofelia Schutte (professor emerita, 2012) *

Lisa H. Schwartzman Lisa H. Schwartzman (born 1969) is a philosophy professor and well known feminist and social/political philosopher currently teaching at Michigan State University. Schwartzman earned her Ph.D. in philosophy at the State University of New York at S ...

(born 1969) * Gila Sher (fl. 2014) * Nancy Sherman (fl. 2014) *

Seana Shiffrin Seana Valentine Shiffrin is Professor of Philosophy and Pete Kameron Professor of Law and Social Justice at the University of California, Los Angeles. Shiffrin's work spans issues in moral, political and legal philosophy, as well as matters of l ...

(fl. 2014) *

Vandana Shiva Vandana Shiva (born 5 November 1952) is an Indian scholar, environmental activist, food sovereignty advocate, ecofeminist and anti-globalisation author. Based in Delhi, Shiva has written more than 20 books. She is often referred to as "Gand ...

(born 1952), feminist *

Laurie Shrage Laurie J. Shrage (born December 4, 1953) is an American political and moral philosopher whose analysis of the agendas for social change advanced by gender and sexual dissidents has been influential. Education and career Shrage has taught at How ...

(born 1953) * Susanna Siegel (fl. 2014) * Alison Simmons (born 1965) * Dorothy Smith (born 1926) * Holly Martin Smith (fl. 2014) * Nancy Snow (fl. 2014) *

Miriam Solomon Miriam Solomon is Professor of Philosophy and Chair of the Philosophy Department as well as Affiliated Professor of Women's Studies at Temple University. Solomon's work focuses on the philosophy of science, social epistemology, medical epistem ...

(fl. 2014) *

Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak (born 24 February 1942) is an Indian scholar, literary theorist, and feminist critic. She is a University Professor at Columbia University and a founding member of the establishment's Institute for Comparative Lit ...

(born 1942) * Susanne Sreedhar (fl. 2014) *

Susan Stebbing Lizzie Susan Stebbing (2 December 1885 – 11 September 1943) was a British philosopher. She belonged to the 1930s generation of analytic philosophy, and was a founder in 1933 of the journal ''Analysis.'' Stebbing was the first woman to hold a p ...

(1885–1943) *

(1891–1942), pedagogue *

Isabelle Stengers Isabelle Stengers (; ; born 1949) is a Belgian philosopher, noted for her work in the philosophy of science. Trained as a chemist, she has collaborated with Russian-Belgian chemist Ilya Prigogine and French philosopher/sociologist Bruno Latour a ...

(born 1949) *

Helene Stöcker Helene Stöcker (13 November 1869 – 24 February 1943) was a German feminist, pacifist and gender activist. She successfully campaigned keep same sex relationships between women legal, but she was unsuccessful in her campaign to legalise abortion ...

(1869–1943), feminist, sexual reformer *

Alison Stone Alison Stone (born 1972) is a British philosopher. She is a Professor of European Philosophy in the Department of Politics, Philosophy and Religion at Lancaster University, UK. Career Stone has a D.Phil. from the University of Sussex where her ...

(born 1972) *

Eleonore Stump Eleonore Stump (born August 9, 1947) is the Robert J. Henle Professor of Philosophy at Saint Louis University, where she has taught since 1992. Biography Stump received a BA in classical languages from Grinnell College (1969), where she was ...

(born 1947), analytic thomist * Anita Superson (fl. 2014) * Lisa Tessman * Amie Thomasson (born 1968) *

Judith Jarvis Thomson Judith Jarvis Thomson (October 4, 1929November 20, 2020) was an American philosopher who studied and worked on ethics and metaphysics. Her work ranges across a variety of fields, but she is most known for her work regarding the thought experimen ...

(1929–2020) * Valerie Tiberius (fl. 2014) * Lynne Tirrell (fl. 2014) *

Margaret Urban Walker Margaret Urban Walker (born August 8, 1948), is the Donald J. Schuenke Chair Emerita in Philosophy at Marquette University. Before her appointment at Marquette, she was the Lincoln Professor of Ethics at Arizona State University, and before that s ...

(fl. 2014) * Georgia Warnke (fl. 2014) *

Mary Warnock, Baroness Warnock Helen Mary Warnock, Baroness Warnock, (née Wilson; 14 April 1924 – 20 March 2019) was an English philosopher of morality, education, and mind, and a writer on existentialism. She is best known for chairing an inquiry whose report forme ...

(1924–2019) * Simone Weil (1909–1943), critical marxist * Elsie Whetnall (1897–c.1998) *

Jennifer Whiting Jennifer Elaine Whiting is an American philosopher who teaches at the University of Pittsburgh. She has also taught at Harvard University and Cornell University, and was (from 2003 to 2015) Chancellor Jackman Professor of Philosophy at the Univ ...

(fl. 2014) * Jessica Wilson (fl. 2014) * Margaret Dauler Wilson (1939–1998) * Charlotte Witt (born 1951) *

Monique Wittig Monique Wittig (; July 13, 1935 – January 3, 2003) was a French author, philosopher and feminist theorist who wrote about abolition of the sex-class system and coined the phrase "heterosexual contract". Her seminal work is titled ''The Straig ...

(1935–2003) *

Susan Wolf Susan Rose Wolf (born 1952) is an American moral philosopher and philosopher of action who is currently the Edna J. Koury Professor of Philosophy at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. She taught previously at Johns Hopkins Universi ...

(born 1952) * Ursula Wolf (born 1951) *

Dorothy Maud Wrinch Dorothy Maud Wrinch (12 September 1894 – 11 February 1976; married names Nicholson, Glaser) was a mathematician and biochemical theorist best known for her attempt to deduce protein structure using mathematical principles. She was a champion ...

(1894–1976) * Alison Wylie (born 1954) * Naomi Zack (fl. 2014) * Linda Trinkaus Zagzebski (born 1946) *

María Zambrano María Zambrano Alarcón (22 April 1904 – 6 February 1991) was a Spanish essayist and philosopher associated with the Generation of '36 movement. Her extensive work between the civic engagement and the poetic reflection started to be r ...

* Ewa Ziarek (fl. 2014) *

Alenka Zupančič Alenka Zupančič (born 1 April 1966) is a Slovenian philosopher whose work focuses on psychoanalysis and continental philosophy. She is a Slovenian psychoanalytic theorist and philosopher who along with Mladen Dolar and Slavoj Žižek have in l ...

(born 1966) * Jan Zwicky (born 1955)

Alphabetically

A

Notes

* – For more information about this person's contribution to philosophy see her entry in Margaret Atherton's ''Women Philosophers of the Early Modern Period''. Hackett; 1994. * – For more information about this person's contribution to philosophy see her entry in Jacqueline Broad's ''Women Philosophers of the Seventeenth Century''. Cambridge; 2003. * – For more information about this person's contribution to philosophy see her entry in '' The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy''. Cambridge University Press; 1999. * – For more information about this person's contribution to philosophy see her entry in

Jane Duran Jane Duran, born , is a Spanish-American poet, born in Cuba whilst her father was working as a diplomat in the country. Background Duran was born in Cuba to an American mother and a Spanish father, Gustavo Durán, who had fought with the Republ ...

's ''Eight Women Philosophers: Theory Politics and Feminism''. University of Illinois Press; 2006. * – For more information about this person's contribution to philosophy see her entry in Therese Boos Dykeman's ''The Neglected Canon: Nine Women Philosophers – First to the Twentieth Century''. Kluwer; 1999. * – For more information about this person's contribution to philosophy see her entry in Catherine Villanueva Gardner's ''Women Philosophers''. Westview; 2003. (paperback); (hardcover) * – For more information about this person's contribution to philosophy see her entry in '' The Oxford Companion to Philosophy''. Oxford University Press; 1995. * – For more information about this person's contribution to philosophy see her entry in the '' Concise Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy''. Routledge; 2000. * – For more information about this person's contribution to philosophy see her entry in

's ''Women Philosophers''. J.M. Dent; 1996.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Female Philosophers

Philosophers A philosopher is a person who practices or investigates philosophy. The term ''philosopher'' comes from the grc, φιλόσοφος, , translit=philosophos, meaning 'lover of wisdom'. The coining of the term has been attributed to the Greek th ...

Women A woman is an adult female human. Prior to adulthood, a female human is referred to as a girl (a female child or Adolescence, adolescent). The plural ''women'' is sometimes used in certain phrases such as "women's rights" to denote female hum ...

* de:Philosophin hu:Női filozófusok listája pt:Mulheres na filosofia