List of rulers of

Paphlagonia Paphlagonia (; el, Παφλαγονία, Paphlagonía, modern translit. ''Paflagonía''; tr, Paflagonya) was an ancient region on the Black Sea coast of north-central Anatolia, situated between Bithynia to the west and Pontus (region), Pontus t ...

, an ancient region and

Hellenistic In Classical antiquity, the Hellenistic period covers the time in Mediterranean history after Classical Greece, between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the emergence of the Roman Empire, as signified by the Battle of Actium in ...

kingdom in northwestern

Asia Minor Anatolia, tr, Anadolu Yarımadası), and the Anatolian plateau, also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula in Western Asia and the westernmost protrusion of the Asian continent. It constitutes the major part of modern-day Turkey. The re ...

Legendary kings of Paphlagonia

''(according to

Flavius Josephus Flavius Josephus (; grc-gre, Ἰώσηπος, ; 37 – 100) was a first-century Romano-Jewish historian and military leader, best known for '' The Jewish War'', who was born in Jerusalem—then part of Roman Judea—to a father of priestly ...

)'' * Riphat, son of

Gomer Gomer ( he, ''Gōmer'', ; el, Γαμὲρ, translit=Gamér) was the eldest son of Japheth (and of the Japhetic line), and father of Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah, according to the "Table of Nations" in the Hebrew Bible ( Genesis 10). The ...

, grandson of

Japheth Japheth ( he, יֶפֶת ''Yép̄eṯ'', in pausa ''Yā́p̄eṯ''; el, Ἰάφεθ '; la, Iafeth, Iapheth, Iaphethus, Iapetus) is one of the three sons of Noah in the Book of Genesis, in which he plays a role in the story of Noah's drunken ...

(legendary ancestor of « Riphatheans, now called

Paphlagonians Paphlagonia (; el, Παφλαγονία, Paphlagonía, modern translit. ''Paflagonía''; tr, Paflagonya) was an ancient region on the Black Sea coast of north-central Anatolia, situated between Bithynia to the west and Pontus to the east, an ...

»). ''(according to classic

Greek mythology A major branch of classical mythology, Greek mythology is the body of myths originally told by the ancient Greeks, and a genre of Ancient Greek folklore. These stories concern the origin and nature of the world, the lives and activities o ...

)'' * Tantalus the Elder, son of

Zeus Zeus or , , ; grc, Δῐός, ''Diós'', label= genitive Boeotian Aeolic and Laconian grc-dor, Δεύς, Deús ; grc, Δέος, ''Déos'', label= genitive el, Δίας, ''Días'' () is the sky and thunder god in ancient Greek relig ...

. *

Pelops In Greek mythology, Pelops (; ) was king of Pisa in the Peloponnesus region (, lit. "Pelops' Island"). He was the son of Tantalus and the father of Atreus. He was venerated at Olympia, where his cult developed into the founding myth of the O ...

, son of Tantalus. *

Broteas In Greek mythology, Broteas (Ancient Greek: Βροτέας), a hunter, was the son of Tantalus (by Dione, Euryanassa or Eurythemista), whose other offspring were Niobe and Pelops. Broteas was also one of the Lapiths, killed at the battle of the L ...

, son of Tantalus. * Tantalus the Younger, son of Broteas. ''(according to

Homer Homer (; grc, Ὅμηρος , ''Hómēros'') (born ) was a Greek poet who is credited as the author of the ''Iliad'' and the ''Odyssey'', two epic poems that are foundational works of ancient Greek literature. Homer is considered one of the ...

Iliad The ''Iliad'' (; grc, Ἰλιάς, Iliás, ; "a poem about Ilium") is one of two major ancient Greek epic poems attributed to Homer. It is one of the oldest extant works of literature still widely read by modern audiences. As with the ''Ody ...

)'' * Pylaemenes, son of Bilsates or Melius (king of the Eneti tribe of

Satraps of Paphlagonia under the
Achaemenid Empire The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire (; peo, 𐎧𐏁𐏂, , ), also called the First Persian Empire, was an ancient Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great in 550 BC. Based in Western Asia, it was contemporarily the largest em ...
and the
Macedonian Empire Macedonia (; grc-gre, Μακεδονία), also called Macedon (), was an ancient kingdom on the periphery of Archaic and Classical Greece, and later the dominant state of Hellenistic Greece. The kingdom was founded and initially ruled by ...

''(native

n dynasty)'' * ca. 425–400 BCE: Corylas I. * ca. 400–380 BCE: Cotys I, son or brother of Corylas I. * ca. 380–364 BCE: Thuys I, son of Corylas I or Cotys I. ''(

Cappadocia Cappadocia or Capadocia (; tr, Kapadokya), is a historical region in Central Anatolia, Turkey. It largely is in the provinces Nevşehir, Kayseri, Aksaray, Kırşehir, Sivas and Niğde. According to Herodotus, in the time of the Ionian Revo ...

n dynasty)'' * 364–362 BCE: Datames I of Cappadocia, son of Camissares of Cilicia. ''(

Achaemenid The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire (; peo, wikt:𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶, 𐎧𐏁𐏂, , ), also called the First Persian Empire, was an History of Iran#Classical antiquity, ancient Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great in 550 BC. Bas ...

non-dynastic satraps)'' * 362–353 BCE: Sysinas I. * 353–334 BCE: Arsites I. ''(

Macedon Macedonia (; grc-gre, Μακεδονία), also called Macedon (), was an ancient kingdom on the periphery of Archaic and Classical Greece, and later the dominant state of Hellenistic Greece. The kingdom was founded and initially ruled ...

ian satraps)'' * 334–325 BCE: Calas I, son of

Harpalus Harpalus (Greek: Ἅρπαλος) son of Machatas was an aristocrat of Macedon and boyhood friend of Alexander the Great in the 4th century BC. Harpalus was repeatedly entrusted with official roles by Alexander and absconded three times with la ...

of Elimiotis. * 325–323 BCE: Demarchus I. * 323–316 BCE:

Eumenes I Eumenes I ( grc-gre, Εὐμένης) was dynast (ruler) of the city of Pergamon in Asia Minor from 263 BC until his death in 241 BC. He was the son of Eumenes, the brother of Philetaerus, the founder of the Attalid dynasty, and Satyra, daug ...

of Cardia. * 316–306 BCE:

Antigonus I Antigonus I Monophthalmus ( grc-gre, Ἀντίγονος Μονόφθαλμος , 'the One-Eyed'; 382 – 301 BC), son of Philip from Elimeia, was a Macedonian Greek nobleman, general, satrap, and king. During the first half of his life he serve ...

Monophthalmus (king of Asia from 306 BCE). To the kingdom of

Antigonus I Monophthalmus Antigonus I Monophthalmus ( grc-gre, Ἀντίγονος Μονόφθαλμος , 'the One-Eyed'; 382 – 301 BC), son of Philip from Elimeia, was a Macedonian Greek nobleman, general, satrap, and king. During the first half of his life he serv ...

in 306–302 BCE… To the kingdom of

Pontus Pontus or Pontos may refer to: * Short Latin name for the Pontus Euxinus, the Greek name for the Black Sea (aka the Euxine sea) * Pontus (mythology), a sea god in Greek mythology * Pontus (region), on the southern coast of the Black Sea, in modern ...

in 302–276 BCE… To

Galatia Galatia (; grc, Γαλατία, ''Galatía'', "Gaul") was an ancient area in the highlands of central Anatolia, roughly corresponding to the provinces of Ankara and Eskişehir, in modern Turkey. Galatia was named after the Gauls from Thrace ...

from 276 BCE…

Kings of Paphlagonia

''(Galatian dynasty)'' * ca. 200–170 BCE: Morzios I (in 182–179 BCE ruled only in South-Eastern part of country). ** 182–179 BCE: Gaizatorix I (an ally of

Pharnaces I of Pontus Pharnaces I ( el, Φαρνάκης; lived 2nd century BC), fifth king of Pontus, was of Persian and Greek ancestry. He was the son of King Mithridates III of Pontus and his wife Laodice, whom he succeeded on the throne. Pharnaces had two sibli ...

; ruled in North-Western part of country). * ca. 170–150 BCE: Morzios II, son of Morzios I. * ca. 150–140 BCE: Pylaemenes I, son or brother of Morzios II. * ca. 140–130 BCE: Pylaemenes II, son of Pylaemenes I (bequeathed his kingdom to

after death). ''(Pontian dynasty)'' * 130–121 BCE: Mithridates I (V) Euergetes, son of

Pharnaces I Pharnaces I ( el, Φαρνάκης; lived 2nd century BC), fifth king of Pontus, was of Persian and Greek ancestry. He was the son of King Mithridates III of Pontus and his wife Laodice, whom he succeeded on the throne. Pharnaces had two siblin ...

of Pontus. * 121–119 BCE: Mithridates II (VI) Eupator Dionysus, son of Mithridates I (V) st time * 121–119 BCE: Mithridates III (VII) Chrestus, son of Mithridates I (V) o-ruler with brother ** 121–119 BCE: Laodice (VI), daughter of

Antiochus IV of Syria Gaius Julius Antiochus IV Epiphanes ( grc, Γάιος Ἰούλιος Ἀντίοχος ὀ Ἐπιφανής, before 17 AD – after 72 AD), the last king of Commagene, reigned between 38 and 72 as a client king to the Roman Empire. The epit ...

, widow of Mithridates I (V), mother of Mithridates II (VI) and Mithridates III (VII) egentess ''(Galatian dynasty)'' * 119–108 BCE: Astreodon I, relative (probably brother) of Pylaemenes II. ''( Bithynian dynasty)'' * 108– 89 BCE: Pylaemenes III Euergetes, son of

Nicomedes III Nicomedes III Euergetes ("the Benefactor", grc-gre, Νικομήδης Εὐεργέτης) was the king of Bithynia, from c. 127 BC to c. 94 BC. He was the son and successor of Nicomedes II of Bithynia. Life Memnon of Heraclea wrote that Nico ...

of Bithynia. ''(Pontian dynasty)'' * 89 – 84 BCE: Mithridates II (VI) Eupator Dionysus, son of Mithridates I (V) nd time ''( Bithynian dynasty)'' * 84 – 74 BCE: Nicomedes I (IV) Philopator, son of

of Bithynia. To

Roman Republic The Roman Republic ( la, Res publica Romana ) was a form of government of Rome and the era of the classical Roman civilization when it was run through public representation of the Roman people. Beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Ki ...

in 74–73 BCE… ''(Pontian dynasty)'' * 73 – 70 BCE: Mithridates II (VI) Eupator Dionysus, son of Mithridates I (V) rd time To

in 70–68 BCE… ''(Pontian dynasty)'' * 68 – 66 BCE: Mithridates II (VI) Eupator Dionysus, son of Mithridates I (V) th time To

in 66–65 BCE…

Client kings under Roman authority

''( Bithynian dynasty)'' * 65 – 51 BCE: Pylaemenes IV, son of Pylaemenes III (co-ruler with brother). * 65 – 48 BCE:

Attalus I Attalus I ( grc, Ἄτταλος Α΄), surnamed ''Soter'' ( el, , "Savior"; 269–197 BC) ruled Pergamon, an Ionian Greek polis (what is now Bergama, Turkey), first as dynast, later as king, from 241 BC to 197 BC. He was the fi ...

, son of Pylaemenes III (co-ruler with brother to 51 BCE) st time ''(Pontian dynasty)'' * 48 – 47 BCE: Pharnaces I (II) of

Bosporus The Bosporus Strait (; grc, Βόσπορος ; tr, İstanbul Boğazı 'Istanbul strait', colloquially ''Boğaz'') or Bosphorus Strait is a natural strait and an internationally significant waterway located in Istanbul in northwestern Tu ...

, son of Mithridates II (VI). ''( Bithynian dynasty)'' * 47 – 40 BCE:

, son of Pylaemenes III nd time ''( Tectosagian dynasty)'' * 40 – 36 BCE: Castor I (II) of

, son of Castor (I) (tetrarch of the Tectosagi tribe in Galatia) and daughter of Deiotarus I of Galatia (tetrarch of the

Tolistobogii Tolistobogii (in other sources Tolistobogioi, Tolistobōgioi, Tolistoboioi, Tolistobioi, Toligistobogioi or Tolistoagioi) is the name used by the Roman historian, Livy, for one of the three ancient Gallic tribes of Galatia in central Asia Minor, ...

tribe in Galatia, then king of Galatia). To

(under authority of Marcus Antonius) in 36–31 BCE… ''( Tectosagian dynasty)'' * 31 – 6 BCE: Deiotarus I (III) Philadelphus, son of Castor I (II). * 31 – 27 BCE: Deiotarus II (IV) Philopator, son of Deiotarus I (III) o-ruler with father To

Roman Empire The Roman Empire ( la, Imperium Romanum ; grc-gre, Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, Basileía tôn Rhōmaíōn) was the post- Republican period of ancient Rome. As a polity, it included large territorial holdings around the Mediter ...

(under authority of Augustus) in 6 BCE (merged with Galatia).

Sources

* Broughton, T. Robert S., ''The Magistrates of the Roman Republic'', Vol. I (1951) * Smith, William, ''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', Vol III (1867) * Truhart P., ''Regents of Nations. Systematic Chronology of States and Their Political Representatives in Past and Present. A Biographical Reference Book'', Part 1: Antiquity Worldwide (2000). {{Ancient Greece topics

Paphlagonia

Legendary kings of Paphlagonia

Kings of Paphlagonia

Client kings under Roman authority

See also

Sources