This chronological list of

pope The pope ( la, papa, from el, πάππας, translit=pappas, 'father'), also known as supreme pontiff ( or ), Roman pontiff () or sovereign pontiff, is the bishop of Rome (or historically the patriarch of Rome), head of the worldwide Cathol ...

s corresponds to that given in the ''

Annuario Pontificio The ''Annuario Pontificio'' ( Italian for ''Pontifical Yearbook'') is the annual directory of the Holy See of the Catholic Church. It lists the popes in chronological order and all officials of the Holy See's departments. It also provides name ...

'' under the heading "I Sommi Pontefici Romani" (The Roman Supreme Pontiffs), excluding those that are explicitly indicated as

antipope An antipope ( la, antipapa) is a person who makes a significant and substantial attempt to occupy the position of Bishop of Rome and leader of the Catholic Church in opposition to the legitimately elected pope. At times between the 3rd and mi ...

s. Published every year by the Roman Curia, the ''Annuario Pontificio'' no longer identifies popes by regnal number, stating that it is impossible to decide which pope represented the legitimate succession at various times. The 2001 edition of the ''Annuario Pontificio'' introduced "almost 200 corrections to its existing biographies of the popes, from St Peter to John Paul II". The corrections concerned dates, especially in the first two centuries, birthplaces and the family name of one pope. The term ''

'' ( la, text=papa, translation=father) is used in several churches to denote their high spiritual leaders (for example Coptic pope). This title in English usage usually refers to the head of the Catholic Church. The Catholic pope uses various titles by tradition, including '' Summus Pontifex'', '' Pontifex Maximus'', and ''

Servus servorum Dei Servant of the servants of God ( la, servus servorum Dei) is one of the titles of the pope and is used at the beginning of papal bulls. History Pope Gregory I (pope from 590 to 604) was the first pope to use this title extensively to refer t ...

''. Each title has been added by unique historical events and unlike other papal prerogatives, is not incapable of modification.

Hermannus Contractus Blessed Hermann of Reichenau (18 July 1013– 24 September 1054), also known by other names, was an 11th-century Benedictine monk and scholar. He composed works on history, music theory, mathematics, and astronomy, as well as many hymn ...

may have been the first historian to number the popes continuously. His list ends in 1049 with Leo IX as number 154. Several changes were made to the list during the 20th century.

Christopher Christopher is the English version of a Europe-wide name derived from the Greek name Χριστόφορος (''Christophoros'' or '' Christoforos''). The constituent parts are Χριστός (''Christós''), "Christ" or " Anointed", and φέρε� ...

was considered a legitimate pope for a long time but was removed due to how he obtained the papacy. Pope-elect Stephen was listed as Stephen II until the 1961 edition, when his name was removed. The decisions of the Council of Pisa (1409) were reversed in 1963 in a reinterpretation of the Western Schism, extending Gregory XII's pontificate to 1415 and classifying rival claimants Alexander V and

John XXIII Pope John XXIII ( la, Ioannes XXIII; it, Giovanni XXIII; born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli, ; 25 November 18813 June 1963) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 28 October 1958 until his death in June ...

as antipopes. A significant number of these popes have been recognized as saints, including 48 out of the first 50 consecutive popes, and others are in the sainthood process. Of the first 31 popes, 28 died as martyrs (see

List of murdered popes A collection of popes who have had violent deaths through the centuries. The circumstances have ranged from martyrdom (Pope Stephen I) to war (Lucius II), to a beating by a jealous husband (Pope John XII). A number of other popes have died under ...

Chronological list of popes

1st millennium

1st century

2nd century

, - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , — , c. 199 –
c. 200
, '' Natalius''
, style="font-size:85%", Rome, Italia, Roman Empire , style="font-size:85%", — , style="font-size:85%", Roman. In opposition to pope Zephyrinus. Later reconciled.

3rd century

, - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , — , 217 –
235
, ''St Hippolytus''
, style="font-size:85%", c. 170 AD

Asia Minor Anatolia, tr, Anadolu Yarımadası), and the Anatolian plateau, also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula in Western Asia and the westernmost protrusion of the Asian continent. It constitutes the major part of modern-day Turkey. The re ...

, Roman Empire , style="font-size:85%", 47 / 65 , style="font-size:85%", Greek. In opposition to Callixtus I, Urban I and Pontian. Later reconciled with Pontian (see below). , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , — , March 251 –
258
, ''

Novatian Novatian (c. 200–258) was a scholar, priest, and theologian. He is considered by the Catholic Church to have been an antipope between 251 and 258. Some Greek authors give his name as Novatus, who was an African presbyter. He was a noted the ...

''
, style="font-size:85%", c. 200–20 AD Rome, Italia, Roman Empire , style="font-size:85%", 31–51 / 38–58 , style="font-size:85%", Roman. Founder of

Novatianism Novatianism or Novationism was an early Christian sect devoted to the theologian Novatian ( 200–258) that held a strict view that refused readmission to communion of '' lapsi'' (those baptized Christians who had denied their faith or performed ...

. In opposition to Cornelius, Lucius I, Stephen I and Sixtus II.

4th century

, - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , — , 355 –
22 November 365
, '' Felix II''
, style="font-size:85%", c. 300 AD Rome, Italy, Roman Empire , style="font-size:85%", 55 / 65 , style="font-size:85%", Roman. In opposition to Pope Liberius. Installed by Arian-leaning Emperor Constantius II. , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , — , 1 October 366 –
16 November 367
, '' Ursinus''
, style="font-size:85%", Rome, Italy, Roman Empire , style="font-size:85%", — , style="font-size:85%", Roman. In opposition to Damasus I. Banished to Gallia by Emperor

Valentinian II Valentinian II ( la, Valentinianus; 37115 May 392) was a Roman emperor in the western part of the Roman empire between AD 375 and 392. He was at first junior co-ruler of his brother, was then sidelined by a usurper, and only after 388 sole rul ...

after a war between two sects and died after 384.

5th century

, - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , — , 27 December 418 –
3 April 419
, '' Eulalius''
, style="font-size:85%", c. 350–80 AD Rome, Italy, Roman Empire , style="font-size:85%", 68–38 / 69–39 (†72–42) , style="font-size:85%", Roman. In opposition to Pope Boniface I. Elected on the eve of the election of Boniface, first benefited from the support of the emperor Honorius, but lost it quickly. Exiled in Campania, and died in 423. , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , — , 22 November 498 –
Aug 506/8
, ''

Laurence Laurence is an English and French given name (usually female in French and usually male in English). The English masculine name is a variant of Lawrence and it originates from a French form of the Latin ''Laurentius'', a name meaning "man fro ...

''
, style="font-size:85%", c. 460 AD Rome, Italy, Western Roman Empire , style="font-size:85%", 38 / 46 (†48) , style="font-size:85%", Roman. In opposition to Symmachus. Elected on the same day as Symachus, King Theodoric settled in favor of his adversary. Took control of Rome in 501 and remained pope in fact until he died in 506/08.

6th century

, - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , — , 22 September 530 –
14 October 530
, '' Dioscore''
, style="font-size:85%",

Alexandria Alexandria ( or ; ar, ٱلْإِسْكَنْدَرِيَّةُ ; grc-gre, Αλεξάνδρεια, Alexándria) is the second largest city in Egypt, and the largest city on the Mediterranean coast. Founded in by Alexander the Great, Alexandri ...

Aegyptus In Greek mythology, Aegyptus or Ægyptus (; grc, Αἴγυπτος) was a legendary king of ancient Egypt. He was a descendant of the princess Io through his father Belus, and of the river-god Nilus as both the father of Achiroe, his mother ...

Eastern Roman Empire The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire primarily in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantino ...

, style="font-size:85%", — , style="font-size:85%", Greek. In opposition to Pope Boniface II. Candidate of the Byzantine party, elected by the majority of the cardinals and recognized by

Constantinople la, Constantinopolis ota, قسطنطينيه , alternate_name = Byzantion (earlier Greek name), Nova Roma ("New Rome"), Miklagard/Miklagarth (Old Norse), Tsargrad ( Slavic), Qustantiniya (Arabic), Basileuousa ("Queen of Cities"), Megalopolis (" ...

, he died less than a month after his election.

7th century

8th century

, - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , — , 22 March 752 –
25 March 752

, , Stephen
, Stephanus , style="font-size:85%", c. 700 Rome, Duchy of Rome
(formally Eastern Roman Empire) , style="font-size:85%", 52 / 52 , style="font-size:85%", Roman. Previously known as Stephen II. Died three days after his election, having never received episcopal consecration. Some lists still include him. The Vatican sanctioned his addition in the sixteenth century; removed in 1961. He is no longer considered a pope by the Catholic Church.

9th century

10th century

, - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , — , October 903 –
January 904

, ''

''
, style="font-size:85%", Rome, Papal States , style="font-size:85%", — , style="font-size:85%", Italian. In opposition to

Leo V Leo V or Leon V may refer to: * Leo V the Armenian (813–820), Byzantine emperor * Pope Leo V, pope in 903 * Leo V, King of Armenia Leo V or Levon V (occasionally Levon VI; hy, Լևոն, ''Levon V''; 1342 – 29 November 1393), of the House of ...

. , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , — , 6 December 963 –
26 February 964

, ''

Leo VIII Pope Leo VIII ( 915 – 1 March 965) was a Roman prelate who claimed the Holy See from 963 until 964 in opposition to John XII and Benedict V and again from 23 June 964 to his death. Today he is considered by the Catholic Church to have be ...

''
, style="font-size:85%", c. 915 Rome, Papal States , style="font-size:85%", 48 / 49 , style="font-size:85%", Italian. Appointed antipope by Emperor Otto in 963 in opposition to John XII and

Benedict V Pope Benedict V ( la, Benedictus V; died 4 July 965) was the bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States from 22 May to 23 June 964, in opposition to Leo VIII. He was overthrown by Emperor Otto I. His brief pontificate occurred at the end of ...

. His pontificate after the deposition of Benedict V is considered legitimate by the modern Catholic Church. , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , — , July 974 –
July 974

, ''

Boniface VII Antipope Boniface VII (died 20 July 985), otherwise known as Franco Ferrucci, was a Catholic prelate who claimed the Holy See in 974 and from 984 until 985. A popular tumult compelled him to flee to Constantinople in 974; he carried off a vast tr ...

''
, style="font-size:85%", Rome, Papal States , style="font-size:85%", — , style="font-size:85%", Italian, born Francone Ferucci. In opposition to Benedict VI and Benedict VII. , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , — , 20 August 984 –
20 July 985

, ''

''
, style="font-size:85%", Rome, Papal States , style="font-size:85%", — , style="font-size:85%", Italian. In opposition to John XIV and John XV , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , — , April 997 –
February 998

, '' John XVI''
, style="font-size:85%", c. 941 Rossanum, Calabria, Italy, Eastern Roman Empire , style="font-size:85%", 55 / 56 (†60) , style="font-size:85%", Greek. In opposition to

Gregory V Gregory may refer to: People and fictional characters * Gregory (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters with the given name * Gregory (surname), a surname Places Australia * Gregory, Queensland, a town in the Shire o ...

2nd millennium

11th century

, - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , — , 12 June 1012 –
31 December 1012
, , '' Gregory VI''
, Gregorio , style="font-size:85%", Rome, Papal States , style="font-size:85%", — , style="font-size:85%", Italian. In opposition to Benedict VIII , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , — , 4 April 1058 –
24 January 1059
, , ''

Benedict X Benedict X (died 1073/1080), born Giovanni, was elected to succeed Pope Stephen IX on 5 April 1058, but was opposed by a rival faction that elected Nicholas II. He fled Rome on 24 January 1059 and is today generally regarded as an antipope.Mary S ...

''
, Giovanni Mincio di Tuscolo , style="font-size:85%", Rome, Papal States , style="font-size:85%", — , style="font-size:85%", Italian. In opposition to Nicholas II. , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , — , 30 September 1061 –
1072
, , ''

Honorius II Pope Honorius II (9 February 1060 – 13 February 1130), born Lamberto Scannabecchi,Levillain, pg. 731 was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 21 December 1124 to his death in 1130. Although from a humble background, ...

''
, Pietro Candalus , style="font-size:85%", 1010

Verona Verona ( , ; vec, Verona or ) is a city on the Adige River in Veneto, Italy, with 258,031 inhabitants. It is one of the seven provincial capitals of the region. It is the largest city municipality in the region and the second largest in nor ...

, Holy Roman Empire , style="font-size:85%", 61 / 72 , style="font-size:85%", Italian. In opposition to Pope Alexander II , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , — , 25 June 1080 –
8 September 1100
, Clement III - Antipope (cropped)

, '' Clement III''
, Pietro Cadnalus , style="font-size:85%", 1010

, Holy Roman Empire , style="font-size:85%", 61 / 72 , style="font-size:85%", Italian. In opposition to Pope Gregory VII,

Pope Victor III Pope Victor III ( 1026 – 16 September 1087), was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 24 May 1086 to his death. He was the successor of Pope Gregory VII, yet his pontificate is far less notable than his time as ...

, Pope Urban II and Pope Paschal II. , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , — , 8 September 1100 –
January 1101
, , '' Theodoric''
, Teodorico , style="font-size:85%", c. 1030 Rome, Papal States , style="font-size:85%", 70 / 71 , style="font-size:85%", Lombard. In opposition to Pope Paschal II

12th century

, - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , — , January 1101 –
February 1102
, , '' Adalbert''
, Adalberto

O.S.B. , image = Medalla San Benito.PNG , caption = Design on the obverse side of the Saint Benedict Medal , abbreviation = OSB , formation = , motto = (English: 'Pray and Work') , found ...

, style="font-size:85%", Rome, Papal States , style="font-size:85%", — , style="font-size:85%", Lombard. In opposition to Pope Paschal II , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , — , 8 November 1105 –
11 April 1111
, , '' Sylvester IV''
, Maguinulf , style="font-size:85%", 1050 Rome, Papal States , style="font-size:85%", 49 / 55 (†56) , style="font-size:85%", German. In opposition to Paschal II. , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , —
, 10 March 1118 –
20 April 1121
, , '' Gregory VIII''
, Maurice Baurdain , style="font-size:85%", c. 1060 Limousin,

Occitania Occitania ( oc, Occitània , , or ) is the historical region in Western and Southern Europe where the Occitan language was historically spoken and where it is sometimes still used as a second language. This cultural area roughly encompasse ...

, France , style="font-size:85%", 58 / 61 (†77) , style="font-size:85%", French (Occitan). In opposition to Gelasius II and Callixtus II. , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , —
, 16 December 1124–
16 December 1124
, , '' Celestine II''
, Teobaldo Boccapecora , style="font-size:85%", 1050 Rome, Papal States , style="font-size:85%", 74 / 74 (†76) , style="font-size:85%", French. In opposition to

. , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , —
, 14 February 1130 –
25 January 1138
, , '' Anacletus II''
, Pietro Pierleoni

O.S.B. , image = Medalla San Benito.PNG , caption = Design on the obverse side of the Saint Benedict Medal , abbreviation = OSB , formation = , motto = (English: 'Pray and Work') , found ...

, style="font-size:85%", 1090 Rome, Papal States , style="font-size:85%", 40 / 48 , style="font-size:85%", Italian. In opposition to Innocent II. , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , —
, 23 March 1138 –
25 March 1138
, , '' Victor IV''
, Gregorio Conti , style="font-size:85%", Rome, Papal States , style="font-size:85%", — , style="font-size:85%", Italian. In Opposition to

Pope Innocent II Pope Innocent II ( la, Innocentius II; died 24 September 1143), born Gregorio Papareschi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 14 February 1130 to his death in 1143. His election as pope was controversial and the fi ...

, - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , —
, 7 September 1159 –
20 April 1164
, , '' Victor IV''
, Ottaviano dei Crescenzi Ottaviani di Monticelli , style="font-size:85%", 1095 Rome, Papal States , style="font-size:85%", 64 / 69 , style="font-size:85%", Italian. In opposition to Pope Alexander III. , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , —
, 28 April 1164 –
22 September 1168
, , ''

Paschal III Antipope Paschal III (or Paschal III) () was a 12th-century clergyman who, from 1164 to 1168, was the second antipope to challenge the reign of Pope Alexander III. He had previously served as Cardinal of St. Maria. Biography Born Guido of Crem ...

''
, Guido di Crema , style="font-size:85%", 1110 Rome, Papal States , style="font-size:85%", 54 / 58 , style="font-size:85%", Italian. In opposition to Alexander III. , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , —
, 30 September 1168 –
29 August 1178
, , ''

Callixtus III Pope Callixtus III ( it, Callisto III, va, Calixt III, es, Calixto III; 31 December 1378 – 6 August 1458), born Alfonso de Borgia ( va, Alfons de Borja), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 8 April 1455 to hi ...

''
, Giovanni di Struma

O.S.B. , image = Medalla San Benito.PNG , caption = Design on the obverse side of the Saint Benedict Medal , abbreviation = OSB , formation = , motto = (English: 'Pray and Work') , found ...

, style="font-size:85%", 1090 Rome, Papal States , style="font-size:85%", 78 / 88 , style="font-size:85%", Italian. In opposition to Alexander III. , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , —
, 29 September 1179 –
January 1180
, , ''

Innocent III Pope Innocent III ( la, Innocentius III; 1160 or 1161 – 16 July 1216), born Lotario dei Conti di Segni (anglicized as Lothar of Segni), was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 8 January 1198 to his death in 16 ...

''
, Lando di Sezze (or Lanzo) , style="font-size:85%", 1120 Sezze, Papal States , style="font-size:85%", 59 / 60 (†63) , style="font-size:85%", Italian. In opposition to Alexander III.

13th century

14th century

, - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , —
, 12 May 1328–
25 July 1330
, Antipope-Nicholas V

, '' Nicholas V''
, Pietro Rainalducci,
O.F.M. , style="font-size:85%", 1260

Corvaro Borgorose ( Sabino: ) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Rieti in the Italian region Lazio (Latin Latium), located about northeast of Rome and about southeast of Rieti. Borgorose borders the following municipalities: L'Aquila, Lu ...

Papal States The Papal States ( ; it, Stato Pontificio, ), officially the State of the Church ( it, Stato della Chiesa, ; la, Status Ecclesiasticus;), were a series of territories in the Italian Peninsula under the direct sovereign rule of the pope fro ...

, style="font-size:85%", 68 / 70 (†73) , style="font-size:85%", Italian. In opposition to Pope John XXII, John XXII. , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , —
C o a Clemente VII (Avignone)

, 20 September 1378 –
16 September 1394
, GiacMaster Clement VII

, ''Antipope Clement VII, Clement VII''
, Robert de Genève , style="font-size:85%", 1342 Chateau d'Annecy, County of Savoy, Holy Roman Empire, H.R.E. , style="font-size:85%", 36 / 52 , style="font-size:85%", French. In opposition to Pope Urban VI, Urban VI (1378–89) and Pope Boniface IX, Boniface IX (1389–1404) , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , —
C o a Benedetto XIII (Avignone)

, 28 September 1394 –
23 May 1423
, Antipope Benedictus XIII

, ''Antipope Benedict XIII, Benedict XIII''
, Pedro Martínez de Luna y Pérez de Gotor , style="font-size:85%", 25 November 1328 Illueca, Aragon , style="font-size:85%", 66 / 94 , style="font-size:85%", Spanish. In opposition to Pope Boniface IX, Boniface IX (1389–1404), Pope Innocent VII, Innocent VII (1404–06), Pope Gregory XII, Gregory XII (1406–15), Pope Martin V, Martin V (1417–31) and Pisan Antipopes Alexander V (1409–10) and

(1410–15)

15th century

, - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , —
C o a Alexander V (antipapa)

, Council of Pisa, 30 June 1409 –
3 May 1410
, Nuremberg Chronicles f 235v 3 (Alexander V)

, '' Alexander V''
, Pétros Philárgēs,
O.F.M. , style="font-size:85%", 1339 Candia Lomellina, Lombardy, Duchy of Milan , style="font-size:85%", 70 / 71 , style="font-size:85%", Greek. Western Schism. In opposition to Pope Gregory XII, Gregory XII. Considered a legitimate pope until 1963 and is numbered as such to this day. , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , —
C o a Giovanni XXIII (Pisa)

, 25 May 1410 –
30 May 1415
, Johannes XXIII

, ''

''
, Baldassarre Cossa , style="font-size:85%", 1365 Procida, Kingdom of Naples, Naples , style="font-size:85%", 45 / 50 (†54) , style="font-size:85%", Italian. Western Schism. In opposition to Pope Gregory XII, Gregory XII. Convened Council of Constance. Abdicated. Became dean of the College of Cardinals in 1417. Was considered a legitimate pope until 1958. , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , —
C o a Antipope Clement VIII

, 10 or 20 June 1423 –
26 July 1429
, Palma Antipapa Clemens VIII

, ''Antipope Clement VIII, Clement VIII''
, Gil Sánchez Muñoz y Carbón , style="font-size:85%", 1369 Teruel, Aragon , style="font-size:85%", 54 / 60 (†77) , style="font-size:85%", Spanish. Western Schism. In opposition to Pope Martin V, Martin V. , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , , 1424 –
1429
, , ''Antipope Benedict XIV'' , Bernard Garnier , style="font-size:85%", France , style="font-size:85%", , style="font-size:85%", Two antipope claimants , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , , 1430 –
1437
, , ''Antipope Benedict XIV'' , Jean Carrier , style="font-size:85%", France , style="font-size:85%", , style="font-size:85%", Two antipope claimants , - style="vertical-align:top; background:#ccc;" , style="text-align:center;" , —
, Council of Basel, 5 November 1439 –
7 April 1449
, , ''Amadeus VIII, Duke of Savoy, Felix V''
, Amadeus , style="font-size:85%", 4 September 1383 Chambéry, France , style="font-size:85%", 56 / 65 (†67) , style="font-size:85%", French. In opposition to Pope Eugene IV, Eugene IV and Nicholas V. Also ruled as count of Savoy.

16th century

17th century

18th century

19th century

20th century

, -

3rd millennium

21st century

Longest-living pope on record.

Religious orders

51 popes and 6 Antipope, antipopes (in italics) have been members of Catholic religious order, religious orders, including 12 members of third orders. They are listed by order as follows:

Numbering of popes

Regnal numbers follow the usual convention for European monarchs. Popes with unique names are not identified by ordinals. Antipopes are treated as pretenders, and their numbers are reused by those considered to be legitimate popes. However, there are anomalies in the numbering of the popes. Several numbers were mistakenly increased in the Middle Ages because the records were misunderstood. Several antipopes were also kept in the sequence, either by mistake or because they were previously considered to be true popes. * Alexander: Antipope Alexander V (1409–1410) was listed in the ''Annuario Pontificio'' as a legitimate pope until the 20th century, when the Pisan popes were reclassified as antipopes. There had already been three more Alexanders by then, so there is now a gap in the numbering sequence. * Donus: The name has only been used by one pope. The apocryphal Pope Donus II resulted from confusion between the Latin word ''dominus'' (lord) and the name Donus. * Felix: Antipope Felix II (356–357) was kept in the numbering sequence. * John: The Pope John numbering, numbering of the Johns is particularly confused. In the modern sequence, the Johns are identified by the numbers they used during their reigns. ** Antipope John XVI (997–998) was kept in the numbering sequence. ** Pope John XXI (1276–1277) chose to skip the number XX, believing that there had been another John between XIV and XV. In reality, John XIV had been counted twice. ** By the 16th century, the numbering error had been conflated with legends about a female Pope Joan, whom some authors called John VIII. She was never listed in the ''Annuario Pontificio''. ** Antipope John XXIII (1410–1415) was listed in the ''Annuario Pontificio'' as a legitimate pope until the 20th century. After the Pisan popes were classified as antipopes, Pope John XXIII (1958–1963) chose to reuse the number, citing "twenty-two [sic] Johns of indisputable legitimacy." * Martin: Pope Martin I (649–655) is followed by Martin IV (1281–1285). Due to the similarity between the Latin names ''Marinus'' and ''Martinus'', Pope Marinus I, Marinus I and Pope Marinus II, Marinus II were mistakenly considered to be Martin II and III. * Stephen: Pope-elect Stephen (752) died before being consecrated. He was previously known as Stephen II, but the Vatican removed him from the official list of popes in 1961. The remaining Stephens are now numbered Pope Stephen II (752–757) to Pope Stephen IX (1057–1058).

Notes

References

Sources

* ''The Early Papacy: To the Synod of Chalcedon in 451'', Adrian Fortescue, Ignatius Press, 2008. * ''The Oxford Dictionary of Popes'', John N.D. Kelly, Oxford University Press, 1986. * ''Catholicism'', Henri de Lubac, Ignatius Press, 1988. * ''Rome and the Eastern Churches'', Aidan Nichols, Ignatius Press, 2010. * ''I Papi. Venti secoli di storia'', Pontificia Amministrazione della Patriarcale Basilica di San Paolo, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2002. * ''Rome Sweet Home'', Scott Hahn, Ignatius Press, 1993. * ''Enciclopedia dei Papi'', AA.VV., Istituto dell'Enciclopedia italiana, 2000.

External links

Catholic Online: The List of PopesPopes & Anti-Popes
{{DEFAULTSORT:Popes, List Of Popes, * Lists of clerics Lists of monarchs Lists of patriarchs Lists of Christian religious leaders Lists of Catholic popes, Portraits of popes nn:Pave#Liste over pavar

Chronological list of popes

1st millennium

1st century

2nd century

3rd century

4th century

5th century

6th century

7th century

8th century

9th century

10th century

2nd millennium

11th century

12th century

13th century

14th century

15th century

16th century

17th century

18th century

19th century

20th century

3rd millennium

21st century

Religious orders

Numbering of popes

See also

Lists

Notes

References

Sources

External links