This is a list of operating systems. Computer

operating system An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides common daemon (computing), services for computer programs. Time-sharing operating systems scheduler (computing), schedule tasks for ef ...

s can be categorized by technology, ownership, licensing, working state, usage, and by many other characteristics. In practice, many of these groupings may overlap. Criteria for inclusion is notability, as shown either through an existing Wikipedia article or citation to a reliable source.

Proprietary

Acorn Computers

Arthur Arthur is a common male given name of Brythonic origin. Its popularity derives from it being the name of the legendary hero King Arthur. The etymology is disputed. It may derive from the Celtic ''Artos'' meaning “Bear”. Another theory, more wi ...

ARX Arx, ARX, or ArX may refer to: * ARX (Algorithmic Research Ltd.), a digital security company *ARX (gene), Aristaless related homeobox *ARX (operating system), an operating system * ArX (revision control), revision control software *Arx (Roman), a ...

MOS MOS or Mos may refer to: Technology * MOSFET (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor), also known as the MOS transistor * Mathematical Optimization Society * Model output statistics, a weather-forecasting technique * MOS (fil ...

RISC iX RISC iX is a discontinued Unix operating system designed to run on a series of workstations based on the Acorn Archimedes microcomputer. Heavily based on 4.3BSD, it was initially completed in 1988, a year after Arthur but before RISC OS. It was ...

RISC OS RISC OS is a computer operating system originally designed by Acorn Computers Ltd in Cambridge, England. First released in 1987, it was designed to run on the ARM chipset, which Acorn had designed concurrently for use in its new line of Archi ...

Amazon

Fire OS Fire OS is a mobile operating system based on the Android Open Source Project, it is developed by Amazon for their devices. Fire OS includes proprietary software, a customized user interface primarily centered on content consumption, and heavy ...

Amiga Inc.

AmigaOS AmigaOS is a family of proprietary native operating systems of the Amiga and AmigaOne personal computers. It was developed first by Commodore International and introduced with the launch of the first Amiga, the Amiga 1000, in 1985. Early versions ...

** AmigaOS 1.0-3.9 (Motorola 68000) **

AmigaOS 4 AmigaOS 4 (abbreviated as OS4 or AOS4) is a line of Amiga operating systems which runs on PowerPC microprocessors. It is mainly based on AmigaOS 3.1 source code developed by Commodore, and partially on version 3.9 developed by Haage & Partne ...

(PowerPC) *

Amiga Unix Amiga Unix (informally known as Amix) is a discontinued full port of AT&T Unix System V Release 4 operating system developed by Commodore-Amiga, Inc. in 1990 for the Amiga computer family as an alternative to AmigaOS, which shipped by default. ...

(a.k.a. Amix)

Amstrad

AMSDOS AMSDOS is a disk operating system for the 8-bit Amstrad CPC Computer (and various clones). The name is a contraction of Amstrad Disk Operating System. AMSDOS first appeared in 1984 on the CPC 464, with added 3 inch disk drive, and then on the ...

Contiki Contiki is an operating system for networked, memory-constrained systems with a focus on low-power wireless Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Extant uses for Contiki include systems for street lighting, sound monitoring for smart cities, radia ...

* CP/M 2.2 *

CP/M Plus CP/M, originally standing for Control Program/Monitor and later Control Program for Microcomputers, is a mass-market operating system created in 1974 for Intel 8080/ 85-based microcomputers by Gary Kildall of Digital Research, Inc. Initial ...

SymbOS SYmbiosis Multitasking Based Operating System (SymbOS) is a multitasking operating system for Zilog Z80-based 8-bit computer systems. Contrary to early 8-bit operating systems it is based on a microkernel, which provides preemptive and priori ...

Apple Inc.

Apple II The Apple II (stylized as ) is an 8-bit home computer and one of the world's first highly successful mass-produced microcomputer products. It was designed primarily by Steve Wozniak; Jerry Manock developed the design of Apple II's foam-m ...

family **

Apple DOS Apple DOS is the family of disk operating systems for the Apple II series of microcomputers from late 1978 through early 1983. It was superseded by ProDOS in 1983. Apple DOS has three major releases: DOS 3.1, DOS 3.2, and DOS 3.3; each one of ...

** Apple Pascal **

ProDOS ProDOS is the name of two similar operating systems for the Apple II series of personal computers. The original ProDOS, renamed ProDOS 8 in version 1.2, is the last official operating system usable by all 8-bit Apple II series computers, and w ...

** GS/OS ** GNO/ME **

Apple III The Apple III (styled as apple ///) is a business-oriented personal computer produced by Apple Computer and released in 1980. Running the Apple SOS operating system, it was intended as the successor to the Apple II series, but was largely consi ...

** Apple SOS *

Apple Lisa Lisa is a desktop computer developed by Apple, released on January 19, 1983. It is one of the first personal computers to present a graphical user interface (GUI) in a machine aimed at individual business users. Its development began in 1978. ...

Apple Macintosh The Mac (known as Macintosh until 1999) is a family of personal computers designed and marketed by Apple Inc. Macs are known for their ease of use and minimalist designs, and are popular among students, creative professionals, and software ...

Classic Mac OS Mac OS (originally System Software; retronym: Classic Mac OS) is the series of operating systems developed for the Macintosh family of personal computers by Apple Computer from 1984 to 2001, starting with System 1 and ending with Mac OS 9. ...

A/UX A/UX is Apple Computer's Unix-based operating system for Macintosh computers, integrated with System 7's graphical interface and application compatibility. Launched in 1988 and discontinued in 1995 with version 3.1.1, it is Apple's first offic ...

(

UNIX System V Unix System V (pronounced: "System Five") is one of the first commercial versions of the Unix operating system. It was originally developed by AT&T and first released in 1983. Four major versions of System V were released, numbered 1, 2, 3, an ...

with BSD extensions) ** Copland **

MkLinux MkLinux (for Microkernel Linux) is an open-source software computer operating system begun by the Open Software Foundation Research Institute and Apple Computer in February 1996, to port Linux to the PowerPC platform, and Macintosh computer ...

Pink Pink is the color of a namesake flower that is a pale tint of red. It was first used as a color name in the late 17th century. According to surveys in Europe and the United States, pink is the color most often associated with charm, politeness, ...

** Rhapsody **

macOS macOS (; previously OS X and originally Mac OS X) is a Unix operating system developed and marketed by Apple Inc. since 2001. It is the primary operating system for Apple's Mac computers. Within the market of desktop and la ...

(formerly Mac OS X and OS X) ***

macOS Server macOS Server, formerly Mac OS X Server and OS X Server, is a discontinued series of Unix-like server operating systems developed by Apple Inc., based on macOS and later add-on software packages for the latter. macOS Server added serv ...

(formerly Mac OS X Server and OS X Server) *

Apple Network Server The Apple Network Server (ANS) was a line of PowerPC-based server computers designed, manufactured and sold by Apple Computer, Inc. from February 1996 to April 1997. It was codenamed "Shiner" and originally consisted of two models, the Network ...

IBM AIX AIX (Advanced Interactive eXecutive, pronounced , "ay-eye-ex") is a series of proprietary Unix operating systems developed and sold by IBM for several of its computer platforms. Background Originally released for the IBM RT PC RISC ...

(Apple-customized) * Apple MessagePad ** Newton OS * iPhone and

iPod Touch The iPod Touch (stylized as iPod touch) is a discontinued line of iOS-based mobile devices designed and marketed by Apple Inc. with a touchscreen-controlled user interface. As with other iPod models, the iPod Touch can be used as a musi ...

** iOS (formerly iPhone OS) *

iPad The iPad is a brand of iOS and iPadOS-based tablet computers that are developed by Apple Inc., Apple Inc. The iPad was conceived before the related iPhone but the iPhone was developed and released first. Speculation about the development, ...

iPadOS iPadOS is a mobile operating system developed by Apple Inc. for its iPad line of tablet computers. It is a rebranded variant of iOS, the operating system used by Apple's iPhones, renamed to reflect the diverging features of the two product ...

Apple Watch Apple Watch is a line of smartwatches produced by Apple Inc. It incorporates fitness tracking, health-oriented capabilities, and wireless telecommunication, and integrates with iOS and other Apple products and services. The Apple Watch was rel ...

watchOS watchOS is the operating system of the Apple Watch, developed by Apple Inc. It is based on iOS, the operating system used by the iPhone, and has many similar features. It was released on April 24, 2015, along with the Apple Watch, the only d ...

Apple TV An apple is an edible fruit produced by an apple tree (''Malus domestica''). Apple trees are cultivated worldwide and are the most widely grown species in the genus '' Malus''. The tree originated in Central Asia, where its wild ancesto ...

tvOS tvOS (formerly known as Apple TV Software) is an operating system developed by Apple Inc. for the Apple TV, a digital media player. In the first-generation Apple TV, Apple TV Software was based on Mac OS X. Starting with the second-generation, ...

* Embedded operating systems ** A/ROSE ** bridgeOS **

iPod software The iPod is a discontinued series of portable media players and multi-purpose mobile devices designed and marketed by Apple Inc. The first version was released on October 23, 2001, about months after the Macintosh version of iTunes w ...

(unnamed embedded OS for

iPod The iPod is a discontinued series of portable media players and multi-purpose mobile devices designed and marketed by Apple Inc. The first version was released on October 23, 2001, about months after the Macintosh version of iTunes wa ...

) ** Unnamed

NetBSD NetBSD is a free and open-source Unix operating system based on the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD). It was the first open-source BSD descendant officially released after 386BSD was forked. It continues to be actively developed and is ava ...

variant for

Airport Extreme The AirPort Extreme is a residential gateway combining the functions of a router, network switch, wireless access point and NAS as well as varied other functions, and one of Apple's former AirPort products. The latest model, the 6th generati ...

and

Time Capsule A time capsule is a historic cache of goods or information, usually intended as a deliberate method of communication with future people, and to help future archaeologists, anthropologists, or historians. The preservation of holy relics dates ...

Apollo Computer, Hewlett-Packard

Domain/OS Domain/OS is the discontinued operating system used by the Apollo/Domain line of workstations manufactured by Apollo Computer. It was originally launched in 1981 as AEGIS, and was rebranded to Domain/OS in 1988 when Unix environments were added to ...

– One of the first network-based systems. Run on

Apollo/Domain Apollo/Domain was a range of workstations developed and produced by Apollo Computer from circa 1980 to 1989. The machines were built around the Motorola 68k family of processors, except for the DN10000, which had from one to four of Apollo's RIS ...

hardware. Later bought by

Hewlett-Packard The Hewlett-Packard Company, commonly shortened to Hewlett-Packard ( ) or HP, was an American multinational information technology company headquartered in Palo Alto, California. HP developed and provided a wide variety of hardware components ...

Atari

Atari DOS Atari DOS is the disk operating system used with the Atari 8-bit family of computers. Operating system extensions loaded into memory were required in order for an Atari computer to manage files stored on a disk drive. These extensions to ...

(for 8-bit computers) *

Atari TOS TOS (The Operating System) is the operating system of the Atari ST range of computers. This range includes the 520ST and 1040ST, their STF/M/FM and STE variants and the Mega ST/STE. Later, 32-bit machines (Atari TT030, TT, Atari Falcon, Falcon030 ...

* Atari MultiTOS *

(for 8-bit, ST, Portfolio)

BAE Systems

XTS-400 The XTS-400 is a multilevel secure computer operating system. It is multiuser and multitasking that uses multilevel scheduling in processing data and information. It works in networked environments and supports Gigabit Ethernet and both IPv4 ...

Be Inc.

BeOS BeOS is an operating system for personal computers first developed by Be Inc. in 1990. It was first written to run on BeBox hardware. BeOS was positioned as a multimedia platform that could be used by a substantial population of desktop users an ...

BeIA BeIA, or BeOS for Internet Appliances, was a minimized version of Be Inc.'s BeOS operating system for embedded systems. The BeIA system presents a browser-based interface to the user. The browser was based on the Opera 4.0 code base, but mos ...

** BeOS r5.1d0 *** magnussoft ZETA (based on BeOS r5.1d0 source code, developed by

yellowTAB yellowTAB was a German software firm that produced an operating system called "yellowTAB ZETA". While the operating system was based on BeOS 5.1.0, the company never publicly confirmed that it has the BeOS source code or what their licensing a ...

)

Bell Labs

Unix Unix (; trademarked as UNIX) is a family of multitasking, multiuser computer operating systems that derive from the original AT&T Unix, whose development started in 1969 at the Bell Labs research center by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, ...

("Ken's new system," for its creator (

Ken Thompson Kenneth Lane Thompson (born February 4, 1943) is an American pioneer of computer science. Thompson worked at Bell Labs for most of his career where he designed and implemented the original Unix operating system. He also invented the B programmi ...

), officially Unics and then Unix, the prototypic operating system created in Bell Labs in 1969 that formed the basis for the Unix family of operating systems) ** UNIX Time-Sharing System v1 ** UNIX Time-Sharing System v2 ** UNIX Time-Sharing System v3 ** UNIX Time-Sharing System v4 ** UNIX Time-Sharing System v5 ** UNIX Time-Sharing System v6 *** MINI-UNIX ***

PWB/UNIX The Programmer's Workbench (PWB/UNIX) is an early, now discontinued, version of the Unix operating system that had been created in the Bell Labs Computer Science Research Group of AT&T. Its stated goal was to provide a time-sharing working en ...

**** USG ***** CB Unix ** UNIX Time-Sharing System v7 (It is from Version 7 Unix (and, to an extent, its descendants listed below) that almost all Unix-based and Unix-like operating systems descend.) *** Unix System III *** Unix System IV ***

Unix System V Unix System V (pronounced: "System Five") is one of the first commercial versions of the Unix operating system. It was originally developed by AT&T and first released in 1983. Four major versions of System V were released, numbered 1, 2, 3, an ...

**** Unix System V Releases 2.0, 3.0, 3.2, 4.0, and 4.2 ** UNIX Time-Sharing System v8 ** UNIX Time-Sharing System v9 ** UNIX Time-Sharing System v10 Non-Unix Operating Systems: * BESYS *

Plan 9 from Bell Labs Plan 9 from Bell Labs is a distributed operating system which originated from the Computing Science Research Center (CSRC) at Bell Labs in the mid-1980s and built on UNIX concepts first developed there in the late 1960s. Since 2000, Plan 9 has be ...

* Inferno

Burroughs Corporation, Unisys

Burroughs MCP The MCP (Master Control Program) is the operating system of the Burroughs small, medium and large systems, including the Unisys Clearpath/MCP systems. MCP was originally written in 1961 in ESPOL (Executive Systems Problem Oriented Language). ...

Commodore International

* GEOS *

AROS Research Operating System AROS Research Operating System (AROS, pronounced "AR-OS") is a free and open-source multi media centric implementation of the AmigaOS 3.1 application programming interface (API). Designed to be portable and flexible. , ports are available for ...

Control Data Corporation

Lower 3000 series

SCOPE Scope or scopes may refer to: People with the surname * Jamie Scope (born 1986), English footballer * John T. Scopes (1900–1970), central figure in the Scopes Trial regarding the teaching of evolution Arts, media, and entertainment * Cinema ...

(Supervisory Control Of Program Execution)

Upper 3000 series

(Supervisory Control Of Program Execution) ** Drum SCOPE

6x00 and related Cyber

* Chippewa Operating System (COS) ** MACE (Mansfield and Cahlander Executive) *** Kronos (Kronographic OS) **** NOS (Network Operating System) ***** NOS/VE NOS Virtual Environment **

(Supervisory Control Of Program Execution) *** NOS/BE NOS Batch Environment * SIPROS (Simultaneous Processing Operating System)

CloudMosa

* Puffin OS

Convergent Technologies

Convergent Technologies Operating System The Convergent Technologies Operating System, also known variously as CTOS, BTOS and STARSYS, is a discontinued modular, message-passing, multiprocess-based operating system. Overview CTOS had many innovative features for its time. System access ...

(CTOS) – later acquired by

Unisys Unisys Corporation is an American multinational information technology (IT) services and consulting company headquartered in Blue Bell, Pennsylvania. It provides digital workplace solutions, cloud, applications, and infrastructure solutions, ...

Cromemco

Cromemco DOS Cromemco DOS or CDOS (an abbreviation for Cromemco Disk Operating System) is a CP/M-like operating system by Cromemco designed to allow users of Cromemco microcomputer systems to create and manipulate disk files using symbolic names. Overview ...

(CDOS) – a Disk Operating system compatible with

CP/M CP/M, originally standing for Control Program/Monitor and later Control Program for Microcomputers, is a mass-market operating system created in 1974 for Intel 8080/ 85-based microcomputers by Gary Kildall of Digital Research, Inc. Initi ...

* Cromix – a multitasking, multi-user,

-like OS for Cromemco microcomputers with Z80A and/or

68000 The Motorola 68000 (sometimes shortened to Motorola 68k or m68k and usually pronounced "sixty-eight-thousand") is a 16/32-bit complex instruction set computer (CISC) microprocessor, introduced in 1979 by Motorola Semiconductor Products Secto ...

CPU

Data General

* AOS for 16-bit

Data General Eclipse The Data General Eclipse line of computers by Data General were 16-bit minicomputers released in early 1974 and sold until 1988. The Eclipse was based on many of the same concepts as the Data General Nova, but included support for virtual memory ...

computers and AOS/VS for 32-bit (MV series) Eclipses, MP/AOS for microNOVA-based computers *

DG/UX DG/UX is a discontinued Unix operating system developed by Data General for its Eclipse MV minicomputer line, and later the AViiON workstation and server line (both Motorola 88000 and Intel IA-32-based variants). Overview DG/UX 1.00, released in ...

* RDOS Real-time Disk Operating System, with variants: RTOS and DOS (not related to

PC DOS PC or pc may refer to: Arts and entertainment * Player character or playable character, a fictional character controlled by a human player, usually in role-playing games or computer games * '' Port Charles'', an American daytime TV soap opera * ...

MS-DOS MS-DOS ( ; acronym for Microsoft Disk Operating System, also known as Microsoft DOS) is an operating system for x86-based personal computers mostly developed by Microsoft. Collectively, MS-DOS, its rebranding as IBM PC DOS, and a few o ...

etc.)

Datapoint

* CTOS Cassette Tape Operating System for the

Datapoint 2200 The Datapoint 2200 was a mass-produced programmable computer terminal usable as a computer, designed by Computer Terminal Corporation (CTC) founders Phil Ray and Gus Roche and announced by CTC in June 1970 (with units shipping in 1971). It was ...

* DOS Disk Operating System for the Datapoint 2200, 5500, and 1100

DDC-I, Inc.

Deos DDC-I, Inc. is a privately held company providing software development of real-time operating systems, software development tools, and software services for safety-critical embedded applications, headquartered in Phoenix, Arizona. It was first cr ...

– Time & Space Partitioned RTOS, Certified to DO-178B, Level A since 1998 * HeartOS – POSIX-based Hard Real-Time Operating System

Digital Research, Inc.

CP/M for

Intel 8080 The Intel 8080 (''"eighty-eighty"'') is the second 8-bit microprocessor designed and manufactured by Intel. It first appeared in April 1974 and is an extended and enhanced variant of the earlier 8008 design, although without binary compatibil ...

/ 8085 and

Zilog Z80 The Z80 is an 8-bit microprocessor introduced by Zilog as the startup company's first product. The Z80 was conceived by Federico Faggin in late 1974 and developed by him and his 11 employees starting in early 1975. The first working samples were ...

*** Personal CP/M, a refinement of CP/M ***

with BDOS 3.0 **

CP/M-68K CP/M, originally standing for Control Program/Monitor and later Control Program for Microcomputers, is a mass-market operating system created in 1974 for Intel 8080/ 85-based microcomputers by Gary Kildall of Digital Research, Inc. Initiall ...

CP/M for

Motorola 68000 The Motorola 68000 (sometimes shortened to Motorola 68k or m68k and usually pronounced "sixty-eight-thousand") is a 16/32-bit complex instruction set computer (CISC) microprocessor, introduced in 1979 by Motorola Semiconductor Products Secto ...

** CP/M-8000 CP/M for

Zilog Z8000 The Z8000 ("''zee-'' or ''zed-eight-thousand''") is a 16-bit microprocessor introduced by Zilog in early 1979. The architecture was designed by Bernard Peuto while the logic and physical implementation was done by Masatoshi Shima, assisted by a ...

CP/M-86 CP/M-86 was a version of the CP/M operating system that Digital Research (DR) made for the Intel 8086 and Intel 8088. The system commands are the same as in CP/M-80. Executable files used the relocatable .CMD file format. Digital Research als ...

CP/M for

Intel 8088 The Intel 8088 ("''eighty-eighty-eight''", also called iAPX 88) microprocessor is a variant of the Intel 8086. Introduced on June 1, 1979, the 8088 has an eight-bit external data bus instead of the 16-bit bus of the 8086. The 16-bit registers and ...

8086 The 8086 (also called iAPX 86) is a 16-bit microprocessor chip designed by Intel between early 1976 and June 8, 1978, when it was released. The Intel 8088, released July 1, 1979, is a slightly modified chip with an external 8-bit data bus (allo ...

*** CP/M-86 Plus ***

Personal CP/M-86 CP/M-86 was a version of the CP/M operating system that Digital Research (DR) made for the Intel 8086 and Intel 8088. The system commands are the same as in CP/M-80. Executable files used the relocatable .CMD file format. Digital Research also ...

MP/M MP/M (Multi-Programming Monitor Control Program) is a discontinued multi-user version of the CP/M operating system, created by Digital Research developer Tom Rolander in 1979. It allowed multiple users to connect to a single computer, each u ...

Multi-user version of CP/M-80 *** MP/M II ** MP/M-86 Multi-user version of CP/M-86 *** MP/M 8-16, a dual-processor variant of MP/M for 8086 and 8080 CPUs. **

Concurrent CP/M MP/M (Multi-Programming Monitor Control Program) is a discontinued multi-user version of the CP/M operating system, created by Digital Research developer Tom Rolander in 1979. It allowed multiple users to connect to a single computer, each u ...

, the successor of CP/M-80 and MP/M-80 **

Concurrent CP/M-86 MP/M (Multi-Programming Monitor Control Program) is a discontinued multi-user version of the CP/M operating system, created by Digital Research developer Tom Rolander in 1979. It allowed multiple users to connect to a single computer, each ...

, the successor of CP/M-86 and MP/M-86 *** Concurrent CP/M 8-16, a dual-processor variant of Concurrent CP/M for 8086 and 8080 CPUs. ** Concurrent CP/M-68K, a variant for the 68000 *

DOS DOS is shorthand for the MS-DOS and IBM PC DOS family of operating systems. DOS may also refer to: Computing * Data over signalling (DoS), multiplexing data onto a signalling channel * Denial-of-service attack (DoS), an attack on a communicat ...

Concurrent DOS Multiuser DOS is a real-time multi-user multi-tasking operating system for IBM PC-compatible microcomputers. An evolution of the older Concurrent CP/M-86, Concurrent DOS and Concurrent DOS 386 operating systems, it was originally developed by ...

, the successor of Concurrent CP/M-86 with PC-MODE ***

Concurrent PC DOS Multiuser DOS is a real-time multi-user multi-tasking operating system for IBM PC-compatible microcomputers. An evolution of the older Concurrent CP/M-86, Concurrent DOS and Concurrent DOS 386 operating systems, it was originally developed by ...

, a Concurrent DOS variant for IBM compatible PCs *** Concurrent DOS 8-16, a dual-processor variant of Concurrent DOS for 8086 and 8080 CPUs ***

Concurrent DOS 286 Multiuser DOS is a real-time multi-user multi-tasking operating system for IBM PC-compatible microcomputers. An evolution of the older Concurrent CP/M-86, Concurrent DOS and Concurrent DOS 386 operating systems, it was originally developed by ...

***

Concurrent DOS XM Multiuser DOS is a real-time multi-user multi-tasking operating system for IBM PC-compatible microcomputers. An evolution of the older Concurrent CP/M-86, Concurrent DOS and Concurrent DOS 386 operating systems, it was originally developed by ...

, a real-mode variant of Concurrent DOS with EEMS support ***

Concurrent DOS 386 Multiuser DOS is a real-time multi-user multi-tasking operating system for IBM PC-compatible microcomputers. An evolution of the older Concurrent CP/M-86, Concurrent DOS and Concurrent DOS 386 operating systems, it was originally developed by ...

**** Concurrent DOS 386/MGE, a Concurrent DOS 386 variant with advanced graphics terminal capabilities **

Concurrent DOS 68K Multiuser DOS is a real-time multi-user multi-tasking operating system for IBM PC-compatible microcomputers. An evolution of the older Concurrent CP/M-86, Concurrent DOS and Concurrent DOS 386 operating systems, it was originally developed by ...

, a port of Concurrent DOS to Motorola 68000 CPUs with DOS source code portability capabilities **

FlexOS FlexOS is a discontinued modular real-time multiuser multitasking operating system (RTOS) designed for computer-integrated manufacturing, laboratory, retail and financial markets. Developed by Digital Research's Flexible Automation Business U ...

1.0 – 2.34, a derivative of Concurrent DOS 286 *** FlexOS 186, a variant of FlexOS for terminals *** FlexOS 286, a variant of FlexOS for hosts **** Siemens S5-DOS/MT, an industrial control system based on FlexOS ****

IBM 4680 OS FlexOS is a discontinued modular real-time multiuser multitasking operating system (RTOS) designed for computer-integrated manufacturing, laboratory, retail and financial markets. Developed by Digital Research's Flexible Automation Business U ...

, a

POS POS, Pos or PoS may refer to: Linguistics * Part of speech, the role that a word or phrase plays in a sentence * Poverty of the stimulus, a linguistic term used in language acquisition and development * Sayula Popoluca (ISO 639-3), an indigenous ...

operating system based on FlexOS **** IBM 4690 OS, a POS operating system based on FlexOS ***** Toshiba 4690 OS, a POS operating system based on IBM 4690 OS and FlexOS ***

FlexOS 386 FlexOS is a discontinued modular real-time multiuser multitasking operating system (RTOS) designed for computer-integrated manufacturing, laboratory, retail and financial markets. Developed by Digital Research's Flexible Automation Business U ...

, a later variant of FlexOS for hosts **** IBM 4690 OS, a POS operating system based on FlexOS ***** Toshiba 4690 OS, a POS operating system based on IBM 4690 OS and FlexOS ***

FlexOS 68K FlexOS is a discontinued modular real-time multiuser multitasking operating system (RTOS) designed for computer-integrated manufacturing, laboratory, retail and financial markets. Developed by Digital Research's Flexible Automation Business U ...

, a derivative of Concurrent DOS 68K **

Multiuser DOS Multiuser DOS is a real-time multi-user multi-tasking operating system for IBM PC-compatible microcomputers. An evolution of the older Concurrent CP/M-86, Concurrent DOS and Concurrent DOS 386 operating systems, it was originally developed by ...

, the successor of Concurrent DOS 386 ***

CCI Multiuser DOS Multiuser DOS is a real-time multi-user multi-tasking operating system for IBM PC-compatible microcomputers. An evolution of the older Concurrent CP/M-86, Concurrent DOS and Concurrent DOS 386 operating systems, it was originally developed by ...

*** Datapac Multiuser DOS ****

Datapac System Manager Multiuser DOS is a real-time multi-user multi-tasking operating system for IBM PC-compatible microcomputers. An evolution of the older Concurrent CP/M-86, Concurrent DOS and Concurrent DOS 386 operating systems, it was originally developed b ...

, a derivative of Datapac Multiuser DOS *** IMS Multiuser DOS **** IMS

REAL/32 Multiuser DOS is a real-time multi-user multi-tasking operating system for IBM PC-compatible microcomputers. An evolution of the older Concurrent CP/M-86, Concurrent DOS and Concurrent DOS 386 operating systems, it was originally developed by ...

, a derivative of Multiuser DOS ***** IMS

REAL/NG Multiuser DOS is a real-time multi-user multi-tasking operating system for IBM PC-compatible microcomputers. An evolution of the older Concurrent CP/M-86, Concurrent DOS and Concurrent DOS 386 operating systems, it was originally developed by ...

, the successor of REAL/32 **

DOS Plus DOS Plus (erroneously also known as DOS+) was the first operating system developed by Digital Research's OEM Support Group in Newbury, Berkshire, UK, first released in 1985. DOS Plus 1.0 was based on CP/M-86 Plus combined with the PCMODE ...

1.1 – 2.1, a single-user, multi-tasking system derived from Concurrent DOS 4.1 – 5.0 **

DR-DOS DR-DOS (written as DR DOS, without a hyphen, in versions up to and including 6.0) is a disk operating system for IBM PC compatibles. Upon its introduction in 1988, it was the first DOS attempting to be compatible with IBM PC DOS and MS- ...

3.31 – 6.0, a single-user, single-tasking native DOS derived from Concurrent DOS 6.0 *** Novell

PalmDOS DR-DOS (written as DR DOS, without a hyphen, in versions up to and including 6.0) is a disk operating system for IBM PC compatibles. Upon its introduction in 1988, it was the first DOS attempting to be compatible with IBM PC DOS and MS-D ...

1.0 *** Novell "Star Trek" *** Novell DOS 7, a single-user, multi-tasking system derived from DR DOS *** Caldera

OpenDOS DR-DOS (written as DR DOS, without a hyphen, in versions up to and including 6.0) is a disk operating system for IBM PC compatibles. Upon its introduction in 1988, it was the first DOS attempting to be compatible with IBM PC DOS and MS- ...

7.01 *** Caldera

7.02 and higher

Digital Equipment Corporation, Compaq, Hewlett-Packard, Hewlett Packard Enterprise

* Batch-11/DOS-11 *

OS/8 OS/8 is the primary operating system used on the Digital Equipment Corporation's PDP-8 minicomputer. PDP-8 operating systems which precede OS/8 include: * R-L Monitor, also referred to as MS/8. * P?S/8, requiring only 4K of memory. * PDP-8 4K ...

RSTS/E RSTS () is a multi-user time-sharing operating system developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC, now part of Hewlett-Packard) for the PDP-11 series of 16-bit minicomputers. The first version of RSTS (RSTS-11, Version 1) was implemented in 1 ...

– multi-user time-sharing OS for

PDP-11 The PDP-11 is a series of 16-bit minicomputers sold by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) from 1970 into the 1990s, one of a set of products in the Programmed Data Processor (PDP) series. In total, around 600,000 PDP-11s of all models were sol ...

s *

RSX-11 RSX-11 is a discontinued family of multi-user real-time operating systems for PDP-11 computers created by Digital Equipment Corporation. In widespread use through the late 1970s and early 1980s, RSX-11 was influential in the development of later ...

– multiuser, multitasking OS for PDP-11s *

RT-11 RT-11 (Real-time 11) is a discontinued small, low-end, single-user real-time operating system for the full line of Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-11 16-bit computers. RT-11 was first implemented in 1970. It was widely used for real-time computin ...

– single user OS for PDP-11 *

TOPS-10 TOPS-10 System (''Timesharing / Total Operating System-10'') is a discontinued operating system from Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) for the PDP-10 (or DECsystem-10) mainframe computer family. Launched in 1967, TOPS-10 evolved from the earlie ...

– for the PDP-10 * TENEX – an ancestor of

TOPS-20 The TOPS-20 operating system by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) is a proprietary OS used on some of DEC's 36-bit mainframe computers. The Hardware Reference Manual was described as for "DECsystem-10/DECSYSTEM-20 Processor" (meaning the DEC PDP- ...

from BBN, for the PDP-10 *

– for the PDP-10 *

DEC MICA MICA was the codename of the operating system developed for the DEC PRISM architecture. MICA was designed by a team at Digital Equipment Corporation led by Dave Cutler. MICA's design was driven by Digital's need to provide a migration path to P ...

– for the DEC PRISM *

Digital UNIX Tru64 UNIX is a discontinued 64-bit UNIX operating system for the Alpha instruction set architecture (ISA), currently owned by Hewlett-Packard (HP). Previously, Tru64 UNIX was a product of Compaq, and before that, Digital Equipment Corporation ...

– derived from OSF/1, became HP's

Tru64 UNIX Tru64 UNIX is a discontinued 64-bit UNIX operating system for the Alpha instruction set architecture (ISA), currently owned by Hewlett-Packard (HP). Previously, Tru64 UNIX was a product of Compaq, and before that, Digital Equipment Corporation (DE ...

Ultrix Ultrix (officially all-caps ULTRIX) is the brand name of Digital Equipment Corporation's (DEC) discontinued native Unix operating systems for the PDP-11, VAX, MicroVAX and DECstations. History The initial development of Unix occurred on DEC eq ...

* VMS – originally by DEC (now by VMS Software Inc.) for the VAX mini-computer range; later renamed OpenVMS and ported to

Alpha Alpha (uppercase , lowercase ; grc, ἄλφα, ''álpha'', or ell, άλφα, álfa) is the first letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals, it has a value of one. Alpha is derived from the Phoenician letter aleph , whi ...

, and subsequently ported to Intel

Itanium Itanium ( ) is a discontinued family of 64-bit Intel microprocessors that implement the Intel Itanium architecture (formerly called IA-64). Launched in June 2001, Intel marketed the processors for enterprise servers and high-performance comput ...

and then to

x86-64 x86-64 (also known as x64, x86_64, AMD64, and Intel 64) is a 64-bit version of the x86 instruction set, first released in 1999. It introduced two new modes of operation, 64-bit mode and compatibility mode, along with a new 4-level paging ...

WAITS WAITS was a heavily modified variant of Digital Equipment Corporation's Monitor operating system (later renamed to, and better known as, "TOPS-10") for the PDP-6 and PDP-10 mainframe computers, used at the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laborat ...

– for the PDP-6 and PDP-10

ENEA AB

* OSE – Flexible, small footprint, high-performance RTOS for control processors

Fujitsu

Towns OS The is a Japanese personal computer, built by Fujitsu from February 1989 to the summer of 1997. It started as a proprietary PC variant intended for multimedia applications and PC games, but later became more compatible with IBM PC compatible ...

* XSP * OS/IV * MSP * MSP-EX

General Electric, Honeywell, Bull

* Real-Time Multiprogramming Operating System * GCOS *

Multics Multics ("Multiplexed Information and Computing Service") is an influential early time-sharing operating system based on the concept of a single-level memory.Dennis M. Ritchie, "The Evolution of the Unix Time-sharing System", Communications of ...

Google

* ChromiumOS is an open source operating system development version of ChromeOS. Both operating systems are based on the

Linux Linux ( or ) is a family of open-source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991, by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged as a Linux distribution, whi ...

kernel. **

ChromeOS ChromeOS, sometimes stylized as chromeOS and formerly styled as Chrome OS, is a Linux-based operating system designed by Google. It is derived from the open-source ChromiumOS and uses the Google Chrome web browser as its principal user interfa ...

is designed to work exclusively with web applications. Announced on July 7, 2009, ChromeOS is currently publicly available and was released summer 2011. The ChromeOS source code was released on November 19, 2009, under the BSD license as ChromiumOS. ** Container-Optimized OS (COS) is an operating system that is optimized for running Docker containers, based on ChromiumOS. * Android is an operating system for mobile devices. It consists of

Android Runtime Android Runtime (ART) is an application runtime environment used by the Android operating system. Replacing Dalvik, the process virtual machine originally used by Android, ART performs the translation of the application's bytecode into native ...

(userland) with Linux (kernel), with its Linux kernel modified to add drivers for mobile device hardware and to remove unused Vanilla Linux drivers. *

gLinux gLinux is a Debian Testing-based Linux distribution used at Google as a workstation operating system. The Google gLinux team builds the system from source code, introducing their own changes. gLinux replaced the previously used Ubuntu-based dist ...

, a Linux distribution that Google uses internally *

Fuchsia ''Fuchsia'' () is a genus of flowering plants that consists mostly of shrubs or small trees. The first to be scientifically described, '' Fuchsia triphylla'', was discovered on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola (Haiti and the Dominican Republic ...

is a capability-based,

real-time Real-time or real time describes various operations in computing or other processes that must guarantee response times within a specified time (deadline), usually a relatively short time. A real-time process is generally one that happens in defined ...

, operating system (RTOS)

scalable Scalability is the property of a system to handle a growing amount of work by adding resources to the system. In an economic context, a scalable business model implies that a company can increase sales given increased resources. For example, a ...

to universal devices, in early development, from the tiniest embedded hardware,

wristwatches A watch is a portable timepiece intended to be carried or worn by a person. It is designed to keep a consistent movement despite the motions caused by the person's activities. A wristwatch is designed to be worn around the wrist, attached by ...

, tablets to the largest personal computers. Unlike ChromeOS and Android, it is not based on the Linux kernel, but instead began on a new microkernel called "Zircon", derived from "Little Kernel". *

Wear OS Wear OS (also known simply as Wear and formerly Android Wear) is a version of Google's Android operating system designed for smartwatches and other wearables. By pairing with mobile phones running Android version 6.0 "Marshmallow" or newer, or ...

a version of

Google Google LLC () is an American Multinational corporation, multinational technology company focusing on Search Engine, search engine technology, online advertising, cloud computing, software, computer software, quantum computing, e-commerce, ar ...

's Android

designed for

smartwatches A smartwatch is a wearable computer in the form of a watch; modern smartwatches provide a local touchscreen interface for daily use, while an associated smartphone app provides management and telemetry, such as long-term biomonitoring. While ...

and other

wearables A wearable computer, also known as a body-borne computer, is a computing device worn on the body. The definition of 'wearable computer' may be narrow or broad, extending to smartphones or even ordinary wristwatches. Wearables may be for general ...

Green Hills Software

INTEGRITY Integrity is the practice of being honest and showing a consistent and uncompromising adherence to strong moral and ethical principles and values. In ethics, integrity is regarded as the honesty and truthfulness or accuracy of one's actions. In ...

– Reliable Operating system * INTEGRITY-178B – A DO-178B certified version of

. * '' µ-velOSity'' – A lightweight

microkernel In computer science, a microkernel (often abbreviated as μ-kernel) is the near-minimum amount of software that can provide the mechanisms needed to implement an operating system (OS). These mechanisms include low-level address space management, ...

Harris Computer Systems

* Vulcan O/S – Proprietary O/S for

Harris Computer Systems Harris Computer Systems Corporation was an American computer company, in existence during the mid-1990s, that made real-time computing systems. Its products powered a variety of applications, including those for aerospace simulation, Data acquis ...

(HCX) * CX/UX – Proprietary UNIX based OS for Harris' computers (MCX)

Heathkit, Zenith Data Systems

* HDOS – ran on the H8 and Heath/

Zenith Z-89 The Z-89 is a personal computer produced by Zenith Data Systems (ZDS) in the early 1980s. Description The Zenith Z-89 is based on the Zilog Z80 microprocessor running at 2.048 MHz, and supports the HDOS and CP/M operating systems. The ...

series * HT-11 – a modified version of

that ran on the

Heathkit H11 The Heathkit H11 Computer is an early kit-format personal computer introduced in 1978. It is essentially a Digital Equipment PDP-11 in a small-form-factor case, designed by Heathkit. The H11 is one of the first 16-bit personal computers, at a list ...

Hewlett-Packard, Hewlett Packard Enterprise

HP Multi-Programming Executive MPE (Multi-Programming Executive) is a discontinued business-oriented mainframe computer real-time operating system made by Hewlett-Packard. While initially a mini-mainframe, the final high-end systems supported 12 CPUs and over 2000 simultaneou ...

(MPE, MPE/XL, and MPE/iX) – runs on HP 3000 and HP e3000 mini-computers *

HP-UX HP-UX (from "Hewlett Packard Unix") is Hewlett Packard Enterprise's proprietary implementation of the Unix operating system, based on Unix System V (initially System III) and first released in 1984. Current versions support HPE Integrity Se ...

– runs on HP9000 and Itanium servers (from small to mainframe-class computers)

Honeywell

* CP-6

Huawei

HarmonyOS HarmonyOS (HMOS) () is a distributed operating system developed by Huawei to collaborate and interconnect with multiple smart devices on the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem. In its current multi-kernel design, the operating system select ...

LiteOS Huawei LiteOS was a lightweight real-time operating system (RTOS) developed by Huawei. It is an open source, POSIX compliant operating system for Internet of things (IoT) devices, released under a three-clause BSD license. Microcontrollers of di ...

EulerOS EulerOS is a commercial Linux distribution developed by Huawei for enterprise applications. It was first released on September 24, 2021. Huawei has released a community edition of EulerOS, OpenEuler, along with the source code on Gitee. KunLun ...

Intel Corporation

* iRMX – real-time operating system originally created to support the Intel 8080 and 8086 processor families in embedded applications. *

ISIS Isis (; ''Ēse''; ; Meroitic: ''Wos'' 'a''or ''Wusa''; Phoenician: 𐤀𐤎, romanized: ʾs) was a major goddess in ancient Egyptian religion whose worship spread throughout the Greco-Roman world. Isis was first mentioned in the Old Kin ...

ISIS-II ISIS, short for Intel System Implementation Supervisor, is an operating system for early Intel microprocessors like the 8080. It was originally developed by Ken Burgett and Jim Stein under the management of Steve Hanna and Terry Opdendyk for the ...

– "Intel Systems Implementation Supervisor" was an environment for development of software within the Intel microprocessor family in the early 1980s on their Intellec Microcomputer Development System and clones. ISIS-II worked with 8 inch floppy disks and had an editor, cross-assemblers, a linker, an object locator, debugger, compilers for

PL/M The PL/M programming language (an acronym of ''Programming Language for Microcomputers'') is a high-level language conceived and developed by Gary Kildall in 1973 for Hank Smith at Intel for its microprocessors. Overview The language incorpor ...

, a BASIC interpreter, etc. and allowed file management through a console. * iMAX 432 - operating system for systems based on Intel's

iAPX 432 The iAPX 432 (''Intel Advanced Performance Architecture'') is a discontinued computer architecture introduced in 1981. It was Intel's first 32-bit processor design. The main processor of the architecture, the ''general data processor'', is imp ...

architecture.

IBM

On early mainframes: 1410, 7010, 704, 709, 7090, 7094, 7040, 7044, 7030

* BESYS – for the

IBM 7090 The IBM 7090 is a second-generation transistorized version of the earlier IBM 709 vacuum tube mainframe computer that was designed for "large-scale scientific and technological applications". The 7090 is the fourth member of the IBM 700/7000 se ...

Compatible Time-Sharing System The Compatible Time-Sharing System (CTSS) was the first general purpose time-sharing operating system. Compatible Time Sharing referred to time sharing which was compatible with batch processing; it could offer both time sharing and batch proces ...

(CTSS) – developed at MIT's Computation Center for use on a modified

IBM 7094 The IBM 7090 is a second-generation transistorized version of the earlier IBM 709 vacuum tube mainframe computer that was designed for "large-scale scientific and technological applications". The 7090 is the fourth member of the IBM 700/7000 s ...

* FORTRAN Monitor System (FMS) – for the

IBM 709 The IBM 709 was a computer system, initially announced by IBM in January 1957 and first installed during August 1958. The 709 was an improved version of its predecessor, the IBM 704, and was the third of the IBM 700/7000 series of scientific co ...

and 7090 * GM OS & GM-NAA I/O – for the

IBM 704 The IBM 704 is a large digital mainframe computer introduced by IBM in 1954. It was the first mass-produced computer with hardware for floating-point arithmetic. The IBM 704 ''Manual of operation'' states: The type 704 Electronic Data-Proce ...

IBSYS IBSYS is the discontinued tape-based operating system that IBM supplied with its IBM 709, IBM 7090 and IBM 7094 computers. A similar operating system (but with several significant differences), also called IBSYS, was provided with IBM 7040 a ...

– tape based operating system for

and

* 7040/7044 Operating System (16/32K) - 7040-PR-150 * IJMON – A bootable serial I/O monitor for loading programs for the

IBM 1400 series The IBM 1400 series were second-generation (transistor) mid-range business decimal computers that IBM marketed in the early 1960s. The computers were offered to replace tabulating machines like the IBM 407. The 1400-series machines stored infor ...

* 1410 Processor Operating System (PR-155) for the

1410 Year 1410 ( MCDX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * March 25 – The first of the Yongle Emperor's campaigns against the Mongols is ...

and 7010 *

SHARE Operating System The SHARE Operating System (SOS) is an operating system introduced in 1959 by the SHARE user group. It is an improvement on the General Motors GM-NAA I/O operating system, the first operating system for the IBM 704. The main objective was to im ...

(SOS) – for the

and 709 * University of Michigan Executive System (UMES) – for the

, 709, and 7090)

On S/360, S/370, and successor mainframes

OS/360 and successors OS/360, officially known as IBM System/360 Operating System, is a discontinued batch processing operating system developed by IBM for their then-new System/360 mainframe computer, announced in 1964; it was influenced by the earlier IBSYS/IBJOB ...

on IBM S/360, S/370, and successor mainframes **

OS/360 OS/360, officially known as IBM System/360 Operating System, is a discontinued batch processing operating system developed by IBM for their then-new System/360 mainframe computer, announced in 1964; it was influenced by the earlier IBSYS/IBJOB ...

(first official OS targeted for the

System/360 The IBM System/360 (S/360) is a family of mainframe computer systems that was announced by IBM on April 7, 1964, and delivered between 1965 and 1978. It was the first family of computers designed to cover both commercial and scientific applica ...

architecture) *** PCP (Primary Control Program, a kernel and a ground breaking automatic space allocating file system) *** MFT (original Multi-programming with a Fixed number of Tasks, replaced by MFT II) *** MFT II (Multi-Programming with a Fixed number of Tasks, had up to 15 fixed size application partitions, plus partitions for system tasks, initially defined at boot time but redefinable by operator command) *** MVT (Multi-Programming with a Variable number of Tasks, had up to 15 application regions defined dynamically, plus additional regions for system tasks) *** M65MP (MVT with support for a multiprocessor 360/65) ** OS/VS (port of OS/360 targeted for the

System/370 The IBM System/370 (S/370) is a model range of IBM mainframe computers announced on June 30, 1970, as the successors to the System/360 family. The series mostly maintains backward compatibility with the S/360, allowing an easy migration path ...

virtual memory In computing, virtual memory, or virtual storage is a memory management technique that provides an "idealized abstraction of the storage resources that are actually available on a given machine" which "creates the illusion to users of a very ...

architecture (OS/370 is not the correct name for OS/VS1 and OS/VS2.) OS/VS has the following variations: ***

OS/VS1 Operating System/Virtual Storage 1, or OS/VS1, is a discontinued IBM mainframe computer operating system designed to be run on IBM System/370 hardware. It was the successor to the Multiprogramming with a Fixed number of Tasks (MFT) option of Sys ...

(Operating System/Virtual Storage 1, Virtual-memory version of OS/360 MFT II) **** OS/VS1 Basic Programming Extensions (BPE) adds device support and VM handshaking *** OS/VS2 (Operating System/Virtual Storage 2, Virtual-memory version of OS/360 MVT) ****OS/VS2 R1 (Called Single Virtual Storage (SVS), Virtual-memory version of OS/360 MVT but without multiprocessing support) **** OS/VS2 R2 through R3.8 (called Multiple Virtual Storage, MVS, eliminated most need for VS1). ***** MVS/SE (MVS System Extensions) ** MVS/SP (MVS System Product) V1 **MVS/370 refers to OS/VS2 MVS, MVS/SE and MVS/SP Version 1 ** MVS/XA (MVS/SP V2, supports S/370 Extended Architecture,

31-bit In computer architecture, 31-bit integers, memory addresses, or other data units are those that are 31 bits wide. In 1983, IBM introduced 31-bit addressing in the System/370-XA mainframe architecture as an upgrade to the 24-bit physical and vi ...

addressing) ** MVS/ESA (MVS supported Enterprise Systems Architecture, horizontal addressing extensions: data only address spaces called Dataspaces) *** MVS/SP V3 *** MVS/ESA SP V4 (a Unix environment was available for MVS/ESA SP V4R3) *** MVS/ESA SP V5 (the UNIX environment was bundled in this and all subsequent versions) **

OS/390 OS/390 is an IBM operating system for the System/390 IBM mainframe computers. Overview OS/390 was introduced in late 1995 in an effort to simplify the packaging and ordering for the key, entitled elements needed to complete a fully functiona ...

replacement for MVS/ESA SP V5 with some products bundled **

z/OS z/OS is a 64-bit operating system for IBM z/Architecture mainframes, introduced by IBM in October 2000. It derives from and is the successor to OS/390, which in turn was preceded by a string of MVS versions.Starting with the earliest: * ...

z/Architecture z/Architecture, initially and briefly called ESA Modal Extensions (ESAME), is IBM's 64-bit complex instruction set computer (CISC) instruction set architecture, implemented by its mainframe computers. IBM introduced its first z/Architect ...

replacement for OS/390 with

64-bit In computer architecture, 64-bit integers, memory addresses, or other data units are those that are 64 bits wide. Also, 64-bit CPUs and ALUs are those that are based on processor registers, address buses, or data buses of that size. A ...

virtual addressing ** Phoenix/MVS (Developed at

Cambridge University , mottoeng = Literal: From here, light and sacred draughts. Non literal: From this place, we gain enlightenment and precious knowledge. , established = , other_name = The Chancellor, Masters and Schola ...

) * DOS/360 and successors on IBM S/360, S/370, and successor mainframes ** BOS/360 (early interim version of DOS/360, briefly available at a few Alpha & Beta System/360 sites) ** TOS/360 (similar to BOS above and more fleeting, able to boot and run from 2x00 series tape drives) **

DOS/360 Disk Operating System/360, also DOS/360, or simply DOS, is the discontinued first member of a sequence of operating systems for IBM System/360, System/370 and later mainframes. It was announced by IBM on the last day of 1964, and it was first ...

(Disk Operating System (DOS), multi-programming system with up to 3 partitions, first commonly available OS for System/360) *** DOS/360/RJE (DOS/360 with a control program extension that provided for the monitoring of remote job entry hardware (card reader & printer) connected by dedicated phone lines) ** DOS/VS (First DOS offered on System/370 systems, provided virtual storage) **

DOS/VSE VSEn (''Virtual Storage Extended'') is an operating system for IBM mainframe computers, the latest one in the DOS/360 lineage, which originated in 1965. DOS/VSE was introduced in 1979 as a successor to DOS/VS; in turn, DOS/VSE was succeeded by ...

(also known as VSE, upgrade of DOS/VS, up to 14 fixed size processing partitions ) *** VSE/Advanced Functions (VSE/AF) - Additional functionality for DOS/VSE ** VSE/SP (program product including DOS/VSE and VSE/AF) ** VSE/ESA, replaces VSE/SP, supports ESA/370 and

ESA/390 The IBM System/390 is a discontinued mainframe product family implementing the ESA/390, the fifth generation of the System/360 instruction set architecture. The first computers to use the ESA/390 were the Enterprise System/9000 (ES/9000 ...

with 31-bit addresses **

z/VSE VSEn (''Virtual Storage Extended'') is an operating system for IBM mainframe computers, the latest one in the DOS/360 lineage, which originated in 1965. DOS/VSE was introduced in 1979 as a successor to DOS/VS; in turn, DOS/VSE was succeeded by ...

(latest version of the four decades old DOS lineage, supports 64-bit addresses, multiprocessing, multiprogramming, SNA, TCP/IP, and some virtual machine features in support of Linux workloads) *

CP/CMS CP/CMS (Control Program/Cambridge Monitor System) is a discontinued time-sharing operating system of the late 1960s and early 1970s, known for its excellent performance and advanced features. It had three distinct versions: * CP-40/CMS, an ...

(Control Program/Cambridge Monitor System) and successors on IBM S/360, S/370, and successor mainframes **

CP-40 CP-40 was a research precursor to CP-67, which in turn was part of IBM's then-revolutionary CP 67CMS – a virtual machine/virtual memory time-sharing operating system for the IBM System/360 Model 67, and the parent of IBM's VM family. CP-40 ran ...

/CMS (for System/360 Model 40) **

CP-67 CP-67 was the ''control program'' portion of CP/CMS, a virtual machine operating system developed for the IBM System/360-67 by IBM's Cambridge Scientific Center. It was a reimplementation of their earlier research system CP-40, which ran on a on ...

/CMS (for System/360 Model 67) ** Virtual Machine Facility/370 (VM/370) - the CP

virtual machine In computing, a virtual machine (VM) is the virtualization/ emulation of a computer system. Virtual machines are based on computer architectures and provide functionality of a physical computer. Their implementations may involve specialized h ...

hypervisor A hypervisor (also known as a virtual machine monitor, VMM, or virtualizer) is a type of computer software, firmware or hardware that creates and runs virtual machines. A computer on which a hypervisor runs one or more virtual machines is called ...

Conversational Monitor System The Conversational Monitor System (CMS – originally: "Cambridge Monitor System") is a simple interactive computing, interactive single-user operating system. CMS was originally developed as part of IBM's CP/CMS operating system, which went ...

(CMS) operating system and supporting facilities for System/370 (24-bit addresses) *** VM/370 Basic System Extensions Program Product (VM/BSE, AKA BSEPP) is an enhancement to VM/370 *** VM/370 System Extensions Program Product (VM/SE, AKA SEPP) is an enhancement to VM/370 that includes the facilities of VM/BSE ** Virtual Machine/System Product (VM/SP) replaces VM/370, VM/BSE and VM/SE. ** Virtual Machine/Extended Architecture (VM/XA) refers to three versions of VM that support System/370 Extended Architecture (S/370-XA) with 31-bit virtual addresses *** Virtual Machine/Extended architecture Migration Aid (VM/XA MA) - Intended for MVS/370 to MVS/XA migration *** Virtual Machine/Extended Architecture Systems Facility (VM/XA SF) - new release of VM/XA MA with additional functionality *** Virtual Machine/Extended Architecture System Product (VM/XA SP) - Replaces VM/SP, VM/SP HPO and VM/XA SF ** VM/ESA (Virtual Machine/Enterprise Systems Architecture, supports S/370, ESA/370 and

) ** z/VM (z/Architecture version of the VM OS with 64-bit addressing) * TPF Line (Transaction Processing Facility) on IBM S/360, S/370, and successor mainframes (largely used by airlines) ** Airline Control Program, ACP (Airline Control Program) ** Transaction Processing Facility, TPF (Transaction Processing Facility) ** z/TPF (

extension) * Unix-like on IBM S/360, S/370, and successor mainframes ** IBM AIX#IBM mainframes, AIX/370 (IBM's Advanced Interactive eXecutive, a System V Unix version) ** IBM AIX#IBM mainframes, AIX/ESA (IBM's Advanced Interactive eXecutive, a System V Unix version) ** OpenSolaris for System z ** UTS (Mainframe UNIX), UTS (developed by Amdahl) ** Linux on IBM Z * Others on IBM S/360, S/370, and successor mainframes: ** BOS/360 (Basic Operating System) ** IBM DPPX, Distributed Processing Programming Executive/370 (DPPX/370) a port of DDPX from IBM 8100, 8100 to S/370. ** Michigan Terminal System, MTS (Michigan Terminal System, developed by a group of universities in the US, Canada, and the UK for the IBM System/360 Model 67, System/370 series, and compatible mainframes) ** RTOS/360 (IBM's Real Time Operating System, ran on 5 NASA custom System/360-75s) ** TOS/360 (Tape Operating System) ** TSS/360 (IBM's Time Sharing System) ** MUSIC/SP (developed by McGill University for IBM System/370) ** ORVYL and WYLBUR (developed by Stanford University for IBM System/360)

On PC and Intel x86 based architectures

, IBM DOS ** PC DOS 1.x, 2.x, 3.x (developed jointly with Microsoft) ** IBM DOS 4.x, 5.0 (developed jointly with Microsoft) ** PC DOS 6.1, 6.3, 7, 2000, 7.10 * OS/2 ** OS/2 1.x (developed jointly with Microsoft) ** OS/2 2.x ** OS/2 Warp 3 (ported to PPC via Workplace OS) ** OS/2 Warp 4 ** eComStation (Warp 4.5/Workspace on Demand, rebundled by Serenity Systems International) ** ArcaOS (Warp 4.52 based system sold by Arca Noae, LLC) *

version 1 to 4, a

operating system based on Digital Research's

and FlexOS 286 1.xx ** IBM 4690 OS version 1 to 6.3, a successor to 4680 OS based on Novell's FlexOS 286/

2.3x *** Toshiba 4690 OS version 6.4, a successor to 4690 OS 6.3 * Unix-like on IBM Personal System/2, PS/2 ** IBM AIX#IBM PS/2 series, AIX (IBM's Advanced Interactive eXecutive, a System V Unix version)

On other hardware platforms

* IBM Series/1 ** IBM Series/1#Software support, EDX (Event Driven Executive) ** IBM Series/1#Software support, RPS (Realtime Programming System) ** IBM Series/1#Software support, CPS (Control Programming Support, subset of RPS) ** SerIX (Unix on Series/1) * IBM 1130 ** IBM 1130#Operating procedure, DMS (Disk Monitor System) * IBM 1800 ** IBM 1800 TSX, TSX (Time Sharing eXecutive) ** IBM 1800 MPX, MPX (Multi Programming eXecutive) * IBM 8100 ** IBM 8100 DPCX, DPCX (Distributed Processing Control eXecutive) ** IBM 8100 DPPX, DPPX (Distributed Processing Programming Executive) * IBM System/3 ** DMS (Disk Management System) * IBM System/34, IBM System/36 ** System Support Program, SSP (System Support Program) * IBM System/38 ** Control Program Facility, CPF (Control Program Facility) * IBM System/88 ** Stratus VOS (developed by Stratus Technologies, Stratus, and used for IBM System/88, Original equipment manufacturer from Stratus) * IBM AS/400, iSeries, System i, IBM Power Systems ** IBM i (previously known as OS/400 and i5/OS, descendant of System/38 CPF, includes System/36 SSP and AIX environment) * UNIX on IBM RT PC ** Academic Operating System, AOS (a BSD Unix version, not related to Data General AOS) ** IBM AIX#IBM RT PC, AIX (Advanced Interactive eXecutive, a System V Unix version) * UNIX on IBM POWER Instruction Set Architecture, POWER ISA, PowerPC, and Power ISA ** IBM AIX#POWER ISA/PowerPC/Power ISA-based systems, AIX (Advanced Interactive eXecutive, a System V Unix version) * Others ** Workplace OS (a

based operating system including OS/2, developed and canceled in the 1990s) ** K42 (open-source research operating system on PowerPC or x86 based cache-coherent multiprocessor systems) ** Dynix (developed by Sequent Computer Systems, Sequent, and used for IBM NUMA-Q too)

International Computers Limited

* J (operating system), J and MultiJob – for the System 4 series mainframes * GEORGE (operating system), GEORGE 2/3/4 GEneral ORGanisational Environment – used by International Computers Limited, ICL ICT 1900 series, 1900 series mainframes * Executive (operating system), Executive – used on the 1900 and 290x range of minicomputers. A modified version of Executive was also used as part of GEORGE 3 and 4. * TME (operating system), TME – used on the ME29 minicomputer * ICL VME – including early variants VME/B and VME/2900, appearing on the ICL 2900 Series and Series 39 mainframes, implemented in S3 programming language, S3 * VME/K – on early smaller 2900s

Jide

* Remix OS

Jolla

* Sailfish OS

KaiOS

* KaiOS

Lynx Real-time Systems, LynuxWorks, Lynx Software Technologies

* LynxOS

Meizu

* Flyme OS

Microsoft Corporation

* Xenix (licensed version of Unix; licensed to Santa Cruz Operation, SCO in 1987) *

(developed jointly with IBM, versions 1.0–6.22) * MSX-DOS (developed by MS Japan for the MSX 8-bit computer) * DOS/V * OS/2 1.x (developed jointly with IBM until version 1.3) * Microsoft Windows, Windows (16-bit and 32-bit preemptive and cooperative multitasking, running atop MS-DOS) ** Windows 1.0 (Windows 1) ** Windows 2.0 (Windows 2 – separate version for i386 processor) ** Windows 3.0 (Windows 3) ** Windows 3.1x (Windows 3.1) ** Windows for Workgroups 3.1 (Codename Snowball) ** Windows 3.2 (Chinese-only release) ** Windows for Workgroups 3.11 ** Windows 95 (codename Chicago – Windows 4.0) ** Windows 98 (codename Memphis – Windows 4.1) ** Windows ME, Windows Millennium Edition (Windows ME – Windows 4.9) * Windows NT (Full 32-bit or 64-bit kernel, not dependent on MS-DOS) ** Windows NT 3.1 ** Windows NT 3.5 ** Windows NT 3.51 ** Windows NT 4.0 ** Windows 2000 (Windows NT 5.0) ** Windows XP (Windows NT 5.1) ** Windows Server 2003 (Windows NT 5.2) ** Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs (based on Windows XP) ** Windows Vista (Windows NT 6.0) ** Windows Azure (Cloud OS Platform) 2009 ** Windows Home Server (based on Windows Server 2003) ** Windows Server 2008 (based on Windows Vista) ** Windows 7 (Windows NT 6.1) ** Windows Server 2008 R2 (based on Windows 7) ** Windows Home Server 2011 (based on Windows Server 2008 R2) ** Windows 8 (Windows NT 6.2) ** Windows RT ** Windows Phone 8 ** Windows Server 2012 (based on Windows 8) ** Windows 8.1 (Windows NT 6.3) ** Windows Phone 8.1 ** Windows Server 2012 R2 (based on Windows 8.1) ** Windows 10 (Windows NT 10.0) ** Windows 10 Mobile ** Windows Server 2016 ** Windows Server 2019 ** Windows 11 (Windows NT 10.0) ** Windows Server 2022 * Windows CE (OS for handhelds, embedded devices, and real-time applications that is similar to other versions of Windows) ** Windows CE 3.0 ** Windows CE 5.0 ** Windows Embedded CE 6.0 ** Windows Embedded Compact 7 ** Windows Embedded Compact 2013 ** Windows Mobile (based on Windows CE, but for a smaller form factor) ** Windows Phone 7 ** KIN OS, Kin Os * Xbox system software ** Xbox system software#Original Xbox system software, Xbox (first generation) system software ** Xbox 360 system software ** Xbox One system software ** Xbox system software#Xbox One and Xbox Series X/S software, Xbox Series X/S system software * Singularity (operating system), Singularity – A research operating system written mostly in managed code (C Sharp (programming language), C#) * Midori (operating system), Midori – A managed code operating system * Azure Sphere * ThreadX

MITS

* Altair DOS – An early disk operating system for the Altair 8800 machine.

MontaVista

* MontaVista Mobilinux

Motorola

* VERSAdos

NCR Corporation

* Transaction Management eXecutive, TMX – Transaction Management eXecutive * IMOS – Interactive Multiprogramming Operating System (circa 1978), for the NCR Century 8200 series minicomputers * NCR VRX, VRX – Virtual Resource eXecutive

* NeXTSTEP

Nintendo

* History of Nintendo#Nintendo DS and Wii, ES – a computer operating system developed originally by Nintendo and since 2008 by Esrille. It is open source and runs natively on x86 platforms. * Wii system software * Wii U system software * Nintendo Switch system software

Novell

* NetWare – network operating system providing high-performance network services. Has been superseded by Open Enterprise Server line, which can be based on NetWare or Linux to provide the same set of services. * UnixWare ** Novell "SuperNOS" – a never released merge of NetWare and UnixWare * Novell "Corsair" ** Novell "Exposé" * Open Enterprise Server – the successor to NetWare

Open Mobile Platform

* Aurora OS (Russian Open mobile platform), Aurora OS – the successor to Sailfish OS (not to be confused with a different Aurora OS (Eeebuntu), Aurora OS)

Quadros Systems

* RTXC Quadros RTOS – proprietary C-based RTOS used in embedded systems

RCA

* Time Sharing Operating System (TSOS) – first OS supporting virtual addressing of the main storage and support for both timeshare and batch interface

RoweBots

* DSPnano RTOS – 8/16 Bit Ultra Tiny Embedded Linux Compatible RTOS

Samsung Electronics

* Bada * Tizen is an operating system based on the Linux kernel, a project within the Linux Foundation and is governed by a Technical Steering Group (TSG) while controlled by Samsung and backed by Intel. Tizen works on a wide range of Samsung devices including smartphones, tablets, smart TVs, PCs and wearable. * Samsung Smart TV, Orsay * One UI - Android skin

Scientific Data Systems (SDS)

* Berkeley Timesharing System for the SDS 940

SCO, SCO Group

* Xenix, Unix System III based distribution for the Intel 8086/8088 architecture ** Xenix 286, Unix System V Release 2 based distribution for the Intel 80286 architecture ** Xenix 386, Unix System V Release 2 based distribution for the Intel 80386 architecture * SCO OpenServer, SCO Unix, SCO UNIX System V/386 was the first volume commercial product licensed by AT&T to use the UNIX System trademark (1989). Derived from AT&T System V Release 3.2 with an infusion of Xenix device drivers and utilities plus most of the SVR4 features ** SCO Open Desktop, the first 32-bit graphical user interface for UNIX Systems running on Intel processor-based computers. Based on SCO OpenServer, SCO Unix * SCO OpenServer 5, AT&T UNIX System V Release 3 based * SCO OpenServer 6, SVR5 (UnixWare 7) based kernel with SCO OpenServer 5 application and binary compatibility, system administration, and user environments * UnixWare ** UnixWare 2.x, based on AT&T System V Release 4.2MP ** UnixWare 7, UnixWare 2 kernel plus parts of 3.2v5 (UnixWare 2 + OpenServer 5 = UnixWare 7). Referred to by Santa Cruz Operation, SCO as SVR5

Silicon Laboratories (formerly Micrium Inc.)

* Micro-Controller Operating Systems#History, Micrium OS - customized μC/OS-III for Silicon Laboratories's SoC products

Sinclair Research

* Sinclair BASIC was used in the 8-bit home computers from Sinclair Research and Timex Sinclair. It was included in the ROM, and the computers booted to the Basic interpreter. Various versions exist, with the latter ones supporting disk drive operations.

Sony

* PlayStation 3 system software * PlayStation 4 system software * PlayStation 5 system software

SYSGO

* PikeOS – a certified real time operating system for safety and security critical embedded systems

Tandem Computers, Compaq, Hewlett-Packard, Hewlett Packard Enterprise

* NonStop (server computers), NonStop OS – runs on HP's NonStop line of Itanium servers

Tandy Corporation

* TRSDOS – A floppy-disk-oriented OS supplied by Tandy/Radio Shack for their TRS-80 Z80-based line of personal computers. Eventually renamed as LS-DOS or LDOS. * Color BASIC – A ROM-based OS created by Microsoft for the TRS-80 Color Computer. * NewDos/80 – A third-party OS for Tandy's TRS-80 personal computers. * DeskMate – Operating system created by Tandy Corporation and introduced with the Tandy 1000 computer.

TCSC (later NCSC)

* Edos – enhanced version of IBM's

(and later DOS/VS and

) operating system for

and

IBM mainframes

Texas Instruments

* TI-RTOS, TI-RTOS Kernel – Real-time operating system for TI's embedded devices.

TRON Project

* TRON Project, TRON – open real-time operating system kernel (operating system), kernel * T-Kernel

UNIVAC, Unisys

* UNIVAC EXEC I, EXEC I * UNIVAC EXEC II, EXEC II * EXEC 8/OS 1100/OS 2200 * VS/9, successor to Time Sharing Operating System, RCA TSOS

Wang Laboratories

* Wang Laboratories#Word processors, WPS Wang Word Processing System. Micro-code based system. * Wang Laboratories#Wang OIS, OIS Wang Office Information System. Successor to the WPS. Combined the WPS and VP/MVP systems.

Weston Embedded Solutions

* Micro-Controller Operating Systems#μC/OS-II, μC/OS-II – a small pre-emptive priority based multi-tasking kernel * Micro-Controller Operating Systems#μC/OS-III, μC/OS-III – a small pre-emptive priority based multi-tasking kernel, with unlimited number of tasks and priorities, and round-robin scheduling * Micro-Controller Operating Systems#History, Cesium RTOS - commercial continuation of Micrium's μC/OS-III forked from the open-sources release

Wind River Systems

* VxWorks – Small footprint, scalable, high-performance RTOS for embedded microprocessor based systems.

Zilog

* Z80-RIO

Other

Lisp-based

* Lisp Machines, Lisp Machines, Inc. (also known as LMI) used an operating system written in MIT's Lisp Machine Lisp. * Symbolics Genera (operating system), Genera written in a systems dialect of the Lisp (programming language), Lisp programming language called ZetaLisp and Symbolics Common Lisp. Genera was ported to a virtual machine for the DEC Alpha line of computers. * Texas Instruments' Explorer Lisp machine workstations also had systems code written in Lisp Machine Lisp. * Xerox 1100 series of Lisp machines used an operating system also written in Interlisp, and was also ported to a virtual machine called "Medley."

For Elektronika BK

* ANDOS * CSI-DOS * MK-DOS

Non-standard language-based

* Pilot (operating system), Pilot operating system – written in the Mesa (programming language), Mesa language and used on Xerox Star workstations. * PERQ Operating System (POS) – written in PERQ Pascal (programming language), Pascal.

Other proprietary non-Unix-like

* Elbrus (computer), Эльбрус-1 (Elbrus-1) and Эльбрус-2 – used for application, job control, system programming, implemented in AL-76 programming language, uЭль-76 (AL-76). * EOS (operating system), EOS – developed by ETA Systems for use in their ETA-10 line of supercomputers * EMBOS – developed by Elxsi for use on their mini-supercomputers * GCOS – a proprietary Operating System originally developed by General Electric * MAI Basic Four – An OS implementing Business Basic from MAI Systems. * Michigan Terminal System – Developed by a group of universities in the US, Canada, and the UK for use on the IBM System/360 Model 67, the System/370 series, and compatible mainframes * MUSIC/SP – an operating system developed for the S/370, running normally under VM * OS ES – an operating system for ES EVM * PC-MOS/386 – DOS-like, but multiuser/multitasking * Prolog-Dispatcher – used to control Soviet Buran (spacecraft), Buran space shuttle. * SINTRAN III – an operating system used with Norsk Data computers. * SkyOS – commercial desktop OS for PCs * SODA (operating system), SODA – used by the Odra (computer), Odra 1204 computers. * THEOS * TSX-32 – a 32-bit operating system for x86 platform. * TX990/TXDS, DX10 and DNOS – proprietary operating systems for TI-990 minicomputers

Other proprietary Unix-like and POSIX-compliant

* Domain/OS, Aegis (Apollo Computer) *

(Amiga ports of Unix System V release 3.2 with Amiga A2500UX and SVR4 with Amiga A3000UX. Started in 1990, last version was in 1992) * Coherent (operating system), Coherent (Unix-like OS from Mark Williams Co. for PC class computers) * DC/OSx (DataCenter/OSx—an operating system developed by Pyramid Technology for its MIPS architecture, MIPS-based systems) *

(Data General Corp) * DNIX from DIAB * DSPnano RTOS (POSIX nanokernel, DSP Optimized, Open Source) * HeliOS developed and sold by Perihelion Software mainly for transputer-based systems * Interactive Unix (a porting, port of the

for x86, Intel x86 by Interactive Systems Corporation) * IRIX from Silicon Graphics, SGI * MeikOS * NeXTSTEP (developed by NeXT; a Unix-based OS based on the Mach (kernel), Mach microkernel) * OS-9 Unix-like Real-time operating system, RTOS. (OS from Microware for Motorola 6809 based microcomputers) * OS9/68K Unix-like Real-time operating system, RTOS. (OS from Microware for Motorola 68000 series, Motorola 680x0 based microcomputers; based on OS-9) * OS-9000 Unix-like Real-time operating system, RTOS. (OS from Microware for Intel x86 based microcomputers; based on OS-9, written in C (programming language), C) * OSF/1 (developed into a commercial offering by Digital Equipment Corporation) * OPENSTEP * QNX (POSIX, microkernel OS; usually a real time embedded OS) * Rhapsody (an early form of Mac OS X) *

– derived from BSD 4.3, by Acorn computers, for their ARM architecture, ARM family of machines * MIPS RISC/os, RISC/os (a port by MIPS Technologies of 4.3BSD for its MIPS architecture, MIPS-based computers) * RMX (operating system), RMX * SCO UNIX (from Santa Cruz Operation, SCO, bought by Caldera who renamed themselves SCO Group) * SINIX (a port by Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme, SNI of

to the MIPS architecture) * Solaris (operating system), Solaris (from Sun, bought by Oracle; a System V-based replacement for SunOS) * SunOS (BSD-based Unix system used on early Sun hardware) * SUPER-UX (a port of UNIX System V, System V Release 4.2MP with features adopted from Berkeley Software Distribution, BSD and

for NEC SX architecture supercomputers) * UNIX System V, System V (a release of AT&T Unix, 'SVR4' was the 4th minor release) * Microport (software), System V/AT, 386 (The first version of AT&T System V UNIX on the IBM 286 and 386 PCs, ported and sold by Microport (software), Microport) * Trusted Solaris (Solaris with kernel and other enhancements to support multilevel security) * UniFLEX (Unix-like OS from Technical Systems Consultants, TSC for DMA-capable, extended addresses, Motorola 6809 based computers; e.g. SWTPC, GIMIX and others) * Unicos (the version of Unix designed for Cray Supercomputers, mainly geared to vector calculations) * UTX-32 (Developed by Gould CSD (Computer System Division), a Unix-based OS that included both BSD and System V characteristics. It was one of the first Unix based systems to receive NSA's C2 security level certification.) * Zenix, Zenith corporations Unix (a popular USA electronics maker at the time)

Non-proprietary

Unix or Unix-like

* MINIX (study OS developed by Andrew S. Tanenbaum in the Netherlands) * Berkeley Software Distribution, BSD (Berkeley Software Distribution, a variant of Unix for DEC VAX hardware) ** FreeBSD (one of the outgrowths of UC Regents' abandonment of CSRG's 'BSD Unix') *** DragonFlyBSD, forked from FreeBSD 4.8 *** MidnightBSD, forked from FreeBSD 6.1 *** GhostBSD *** TrueOS (previously known as PC-BSD), made for desktop/laptop usage, now discontinued **
NomadBSD
a german project aiming to tend FreeBSD to desktop/laptop needs **

(an embedded device BSD variant) *** OpenBSD forked from NetBSD **** Bitrig forked from OpenBSD, discontinued **** Fugulta, an openbsd desktop fork by japanese developers ** Darwin (operating system), Darwin, created by Apple using code from NeXTSTEP, FreeBSD, and NetBSD * GNU (also known as GNU/Hurd) *

(see also List of Linux distributions) (alleged to be GNU/Linux see GNU/Linux naming controversy) ** Android *** Android-x86 **** Remix OS **

- Linux commercial distribution for cloud based software by Huawei * Redox (operating system), Redox (written in Rust) * OpenSolaris ** illumos, contains original Unix (SVR4) code derived from the OpenSolaris (discontinued by Oracle in favor of Solaris (operating system), Solaris 11 Express) *** OpenIndiana, operates under the illumos Foundation. Uses the illumos kernel, which is a derivative of OS/Net, which is basically an OpenSolaris/Solaris (operating system), Solaris kernel with the bulk of the drivers, core libraries, and basic utilities. *** Nexenta OS, based on the illumos kernel with Ubuntu packages *** SmartOS, an illumos distribution for cloud computing with Kernel-based Virtual Machine integration. * RTEMS (Real-Time Executive for Multiprocessor Systems) * Syllable Desktop * VSTa * Plurix (or Tropix) (by Federal University of Rio de Janeiro – UFRJ) * TUNIS (University of Toronto) *Xv6 - a simple Unix-like teaching operating system from MIT *SerenityOS - aims to be a modern Unix-like operating system, yet with a look and feel that emulates 1990s operating systems such as Microsoft Windows and the classic Mac OS. *

**OpenHarmony

Non-Unix

* Cosmos (operating system), Cosmos – written in C# * EmuTOS - open source

variant * FreeDOS – open source

variant * Genode – operating system framework for microkernels (written in C++) * Ghost (operating system), Ghost OS – written in assembly, C/C++ * Haiku (operating system), Haiku – open source inspired by

, in development * Incompatible Timesharing System (ITS) – written in the MIDAS macro assembler language for the PDP-6 and PDP-10 by Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT students * MagiC - open source

variant * OS/2#Future, osFree – OS/2 Warp open source clone * OSv – written in C++ * Phantom OS – persistent object-oriented * ReactOS – open source OS designed to be binary compatible with Windows NT and its variants (Windows XP, Windows 2000, etc.); in development * SharpOS – written in .NET C# * TempleOS – written in HolyC * Visopsys – written in C and assembly by Andy McLaughlin

Research

Unix or Unix-like

– distributed OS developed at Bell Labs, based on original Unix design principles yet functionally different and going much further ** Inferno – distributed OS derived from Plan 9, originally from Bell Labs ** 9front, a derivative opensource project made to resurrect plan 9 to passionate developpers * Research Unix

Non-Unix

* Amoeba distributed operating system, Amoeba – research OS by Andrew S. Tanenbaum * Barrelfish (operating system), Barrelfish * Croquet Project, Croquet * Extremely Reliable Operating System, EROS – microkernel, capability-based ** CapROS – microkernel EROS successor * Harmony (operating system), Harmony – realtime, multitasking, multiprocessing message-passing system developed at the National Research Council of Canada. * HelenOS – research and experimental operating system * House (operating system), House – Haskell User's Operating System and Environment, research OS written in Haskell and C * ILIOS – Research OS designed for routing * L4 microkernel family, L4 – second generation microkernel * Mach kernel, Mach – from OS kernel research at Carnegie Mellon University; see NeXTSTEP * Nemesis (computing), Nemesis – Cambridge University research OS – detailed quality of service abilities * Singularity (operating system), Singularity – experimental OS from Microsoft Research written in managed code to be highly Dependability, dependable * Spring (operating system), Spring – research OS from Sun Microsystems * THE multiprogramming system – by Dijkstra in 1968, at the Eindhoven University of Technology in the Netherlands, introduced the first form of software-based memory segmentation, freeing programmers from being forced to use actual physical locations * Thoth (operating system), Thoth – realtime, multiprocess message-passing system developed at the University of Waterloo. * V (operating system), V – from Stanford, early 1980s * Verve (operating system), Verve – OS designed by Microsoft Research to be verified end-to-end for type safety and memory safety * Xinu – Study OS developed by Douglas E. Comer in the United States

Disk operating systems (DOS)

* 86-DOS (developed at Seattle Computer Products by Tim Paterson for the new Intel 808x CPUs; licensed to Microsoft, became PC DOS/MS-DOS. Also known by its working title QDOS.) **

(IBM's DOS variant, developed jointly with Microsoft, versions 1.0–7.0, 2000, 7.10) **

(Microsoft's DOS variant for OEM, developed jointly with IBM, versions 1.x–6.22 Microsoft's now abandoned DOS variant) *

3.1 (BDOS 3.1) with PC-MODE (Digital Research's successor of

and MP/M-86) **

3.1-4.1 (BDOS 3.1-4.1) ***

3.2 (BDOS 3.2) (Concurrent DOS variant for IBM compatible PCs) ****

1.1, 1.2 (BDOS 4.1), 2.1 (BDOS 5.0) (single-user, multi-tasking system derived from Concurrent DOS 4.1-5.0) *** Concurrent DOS 8-16 (dual-processor variant of Concurrent DOS for 8086 and 8080 CPUs) ***

1.x ****

1.00-2.34 (derivative of Concurrent DOS 286) ***** FlexOS 186 (variant of FlexOS for terminals) ***** FlexOS 286 (variant of FlexOS for hosts) ****** Siemens S5-DOS/MT (industrial control system based on FlexOS) ******

(

operating system based on FlexOS) ****** IBM 4690 OS (POS operating system based on FlexOS) ******* Toshiba 4690 OS (POS operating system based on IBM 4690 OS and FlexOS) *****

(later variant of FlexOS for hosts) ****** IBM 4690 OS (POS operating system based on FlexOS) ******* Toshiba 4690 OS (POS operating system based on IBM 4690 OS and FlexOS) ***

1.0, 1.1, 2.0, 3.0 (BDOS 5.0-6.2) **** Concurrent DOS 386/MGE (Concurrent DOS 386 variant with advanced graphics terminal capabilities) ****

5.0, 5.01, 5.1 (BDOS 6.3-6.6) (successor of Concurrent DOS 386) *****

5.0-7.22 (up to BDOS 6.6) ***** Datapac Multiuser DOS ******

7 (derivative of Datapac Multiuser DOS) ***** IMS Multiuser DOS 5.1, 7.0, 7.1 (BDOS 6.6-6.7) ****** IMS

7.50, 7.51, 7.52, 7.53, 7.54, 7.60, 7.61, 7.62, 7.63, 7.70, 7.71, 7.72, 7.73, 7.74, 7.80, 7.81, 7.82, 7.83, 7.90, 7.91, 7.92, 7.93, 7.94, 7.95 (BDOS 6.8 and higher) (derivative of Multiuser DOS) ******* IMS

(successor of REAL/32) ***

5.0, 5.2, 6.0, 6.2 (BDOS 5.0-6.2) (real-mode variant of Concurrent DOS with EEMS support) **** DR-DOS, DR DOS 3.31, 3.32, 3.33, 3.34, 3.35, 5.0, 6.0 (BDOS 6.0-7.1) single-user, single-tasking native DOS derived from Concurrent DOS 6.0) ***** Novell

1 (BDOS 7.0) ***** Novell DR DOS "StarTrek" ***** Novell DOS 7 (single-user, multi-tasking system derived from DR DOS, BDOS 7.2) ****** Novell DOS 7 updates 1-10 (BDOS 7.2) ******* Caldera

7.01 (BDOS 7.2) ******** Enhanced DR-DOS 7.01.0x (BDOS 7.2) ********* Dell Real Mode Kernel (DRMK) ****** Novell DOS 7 updates 11-15.2 (BDOS 7.2) ******* Caldera

7.02-7.03 (BDOS 7.3) ******** DR-DOS "WinBolt" ******** OEM DR-DOS 7.04-7.05 (BDOS 7.3) ******** OEM DR-DOS 7.06 (PQDOS) ******** OEM DR-DOS 7.07 (BDOS 7.4/7.7) * FreeDOS (open-source software, open source DOS variant) *

(operating system for the

series computers) * PTS-DOS (DOS variant by Russian company Phystechsoft) * TurboDOS (Software 2000, Inc.) for Z80 and Intel 8086 processor-based systems * Multi-tasking user interfaces and environments for DOS ** DESQview + QEMM 386 multi-tasking user interface for DOS ** DESQView/X (X Window System, X-windowing GUI for DOS)

Network operating systems

* Banyan VINES – by Banyan Systems * Cambridge Ring (computer network), Cambridge Ring * Cisco IOS – by Cisco Systems * Cisco NX-OS – previously SAN-OS * CTOS – by Convergent Technologies (Unisys), Convergent Technologies, later acquired by

* Data ONTAP – by NetApp * ExtremeWare – by Extreme Networks * ExtremeXOS – by Extreme Networks * Fabric OS – by Brocade Communications Systems, Brocade * JunOS – by Juniper * NetWare – networking OS by Novell * Network operating system (NOS) – developed by Control Data Corporation, CDC for use in their Cyber line of supercomputers * Novell Open Enterprise Server – Open Source networking OS by Novell. Can incorporate either SUSE Linux or Novell NetWare as its kernel * Plan 9 from Bell Labs, Plan 9 – distributed OS developed at Bell Labs, based on Unix design principles but not functionally identical ** Inferno – distributed OS derived from Plan 9, originally from Bell Labs * SONiC (operating system), SONiC * TurboDOS – by Software 2000, Inc.

Generic, commodity, and other

* BLIS/COBOL * A2 (operating system), A2 formerly named Active Object System (AOS), and then Bluebottle (a concurrent and active object update to the Oberon operating system) * BS1000 by Siemens AG * BS2000 by Siemens AG, now BS2000/OSD from Fujitsu-Siemens Computers (formerly Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme) * BS3000 by Siemens AG (rebadging of Fujitsu's MSP operating system) *

for various, mostly 8-bit systems, including the Apple II series, the Atari 8-bit family, and some Commodore International, Commodore machines. * FLEX9 (by Technical Systems Consultants (TSC) for Motorola 6809 based machines; successor to FLEX (operating system), FLEX, which was for Motorola 6800 CPUs) * Graphics Environment Manager (GEM) (windowing GUI for CP/M, DOS, and Atari TOS) * GEOS (8-bit operating system), GEOS (popular windowing GUI for PC, Commodore, Apple computers) * JavaOS * JNode (Java New Operating System Design Effort), written 99% in Java (native compiled), provides own JVM and JIT compiler. Based on GNU Classpath. * JX (operating system), JX Java operating system that focuses on a flexible and robust operating system architecture developed as an open source system by the University of Erlangen. * KERNAL (default OS on Commodore 64) * MERLIN for the Corvus Concept * MorphOS (Amiga compatible) * MSP by Fujitsu (successor to OS-IV), now MSP/EX, also known as Extended System Architecture (EXA), for 31-bit mode * NetWare (networking OS by Novell) * Oberon (operating system) (developed at ETH-Zürich by Niklaus Wirth et al.) for the Ceres and Chameleon workstation projects * OSD/XC by Fujitsu-Siemens (BS2000 ported to an emulation on a Sun SPARC platform) * OS-IV by Fujitsu (based on early versions of IBM's MVS) * Pick operating system, Pick (often licensed and renamed) * PRIMOS by Prime Computer (sometimes spelled PR1MOS and PR1ME) * Sinclair QDOS (multitasking for the Sinclair QL computer) * SSB-DOS (by Technical Systems Consultants (TSC) for Smoke Signal Broadcasting; a variant of FLEX (operating system), FLEX in most respects) *

(GUI based multitasking operating system for Z80 computers) * Symobi (GUI based modern micro-kernel OS for x86, ARM architecture, ARM and PowerPC processors, developed by Miray Software; used and developed further at Technical University of Munich) * TripOS, 1978 * TurboDOS (Software 2000, Inc.) * UCSD Pascal, UCSD p-System (portable complete programming environment/operating system/virtual machine developed by a long running student project at UCSD; directed by Prof Kenneth Bowles; written in Pascal (programming language), Pascal) * Stratus VOS, VOS by Stratus Technologies with strong influence from

* VOS3 by Hitachi, Ltd., Hitachi for its IBM-compatible mainframes, based on IBM's MVS * VM2000 by Siemens AG * Visi On (first GUI for early PC machines; not commercially successful) * VPS/VM (IBM based, main operating system at Boston University for over 10 years.)

Hobby

* AROS – AROS Research Operating System (formerly known as Amiga Research Operating System) * AtheOS – branched to become Syllable Desktop ** Syllable Desktop (operating system), Syllable Desktop – a modern, independently originated OS; see AtheOS * BareMetal * DSPnano RTOS * EmuTOS * EROS (microkernel), EROS – Extremely Reliable Operating System * HelenOS – based on a preemptible microkernel design * LSE/OS * MenuetOS – extremely compact OS with GUI, written entirely in FASM assembly language ** KolibriOS – a fork of MenuetOS * MMURTL (Message based MUltitasking Real-Time kerneL, pronounced 'Myrtle') * SerenityOS * ToaruOS ** ToaruOS#PonyOS, PonyOS

Embedded

Mobile operating systems

* DIP DOS on Atari Portfolio * Embedded Linux (see also Linux for mobile devices) ** Android *** CalyxOS *** DivestOS *** EMUI *** Flyme OS *** GrapheneOS *** LineageOS *** MIUI *** Replicant (operating system), Replicant *** See also List of custom Android distributions ** Firefox OS *** KaiOS ** Ångström distribution ** Familiar Linux ** Maemo, Mæmo based on Debian deployed on Nokia's Nokia 770, Nokia N800, N800 and Nokia N810, N810 Internet Tablets. ** OpenZaurus ** webOS from Palm, Inc., later

via acquisition, and most recently at LG Electronics through acquisition from Hewlett-Packard ** Access Linux Platform ** bada ** Openmoko Linux ** OPhone ** MeeGo (from merger of Maemo & Moblin) ** Mobilinux ** MotoMagx ** Qt Extended ** Sailfish OS ** Tizen (earlier called LiMo Platform) ** Ubuntu Touch ** PostmarketOS * Inferno (distributed OS originally from Bell Labs) * Magic Cap *

on Poqet PC, HP 95LX, HP 100LX, HP 200LX, HP 1000CX, HP OmniGo 700LX *

* Newton OS on Apple MessagePad * Palm OS from Palm, Inc; now spun off as PalmSource * PEN/GEOS on HP OmniGo 100 and HP OmniGo 120, 120 * PenPoint OS *

* Pocket viewer, PVOS * Symbian OS ** EPOC (operating system), EPOC * Windows CE, from Microsoft ** Pocket PC from Microsoft, a variant of Windows CE ** Windows Mobile from Microsoft, a variant of Windows CE ** Windows Phone from Microsoft * DSPnano RTOS * iOS **

* iPodLinux * iriver clix OS * RockBox * BlackBerry OS * PEN/GEOS, GEOS-SC, GEOS-SE * Palm OS * Symbian platform (successor to Symbian OS) * BlackBerry 10 *

Routers

* CatOS – by Cisco Systems * Cisco IOS – originally Internetwork Operating System by Cisco Systems * Inferno – distributed OS originally from Bell Labs * IOS-XR – by Cisco Systems * JunOS – by Juniper Networks * LCOS – by LANCOM Systems *

** OpenWrt *** DD-WRT *** LEDE *** Gargoyle (router firmware), Gargoyle *** LibreCMC ** Zeroshell * RTOS – by Force10 Networks * FreeBSD ** m0n0wall ** OPNsense ** PfSense, pfsense * List of wireless router firmware projects

Other embedded

* Apache Mynewt * ChibiOS/RT *

* ERIKA Enterprise * eCos *

* Nucleus RTOS * NuttX * Minix * NCOS * freeRTOS, freeRTOS, openRTOS, safeRTOS *

* OpenEmbedded (or Yocto Project) * OpenHarmony * PSOS (real-time operating system), pSOS (Portable Software On Silicon) * QNX – Unix-like real-time operating system, aimed primarily at the embedded systems market. * REX OS – microkernel; usually an embedded cell phone OS * RIOT (operating system), RIOT * ROM-DOS * TinyOS * ThreadX * RT-Thread * DSPnano RTOS * Windows IoT – formerly Windows Embedded ** Microsoft Windows CE, Windows CE ** Windows IoT Core ** Windows IoT Enterprise * Wind River VxWorks RTOS. * Wombat (operating system), Wombat –

; usually

embedded * Zephyr (operating system), Zephyr

LEGO Mindstorms

* brickOS * leJOS

Capability-based

* Cambridge CAP computer – operating system demonstrated the use of security capabilities, both in hardware and software, also a useful fileserver, implemented in ALGOL 68C * Flex machine – Custom microprogrammable hardware, with an operating system, (modular) compiler, editor, * garbage collector and filing system all written in ALGOL 68. * Hydra (operating system), HYDRA – Running on the C.mmp computer at Carnegie Mellon University, implemented in the programming language BLISS * KeyKOS nanokernel ** Extremely Reliable Operating System, EROS microkernel *** CapROS EROS successor * V (operating system), V – from Stanford, early 1980s

References

External links

"List of Operating Systems"
www.operating-system.org. {{DEFAULTSORT:Operating systems Operating systems, *List of operating systems Computing-related lists Lists of operating systems, Operating