The following lists include the incidents that occurred in the territory of the present-day

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The ...

in which the killing of more than five

non-combatant Non-combatant is a term of art in the law of war and international humanitarian law to refer to civilians who are not taking a direct part in hostilities; persons, such as combat medics and military chaplains, who are members of the belliger ...

people (unarmed

civilian Civilians under international humanitarian law are "persons who are not members of the armed forces" and they are not " combatants if they carry arms openly and respect the laws and customs of war". It is slightly different from a non-combatant ...

prisoner A prisoner (also known as an inmate or detainee) is a person who is deprived of liberty against their will. This can be by confinement, captivity, or forcible restraint. The term applies particularly to serving a prison sentence in a prison. ...

s, or prisoners of war) took place.

Massacres before the Hussite Wars (up until the year 1419)

The following is a list of

massacre A massacre is the killing of a large number of people or animals, especially those who are not involved in any fighting or have no way of defending themselves. A massacre is generally considered to be morally unacceptable, especially when per ...

s and antisemitic

pogrom A pogrom () is a violent riot incited with the aim of massacring or expelling an ethnic or religious group, particularly Jews. The term entered the English language from Russian to describe 19th- and 20th-century attacks on Jews in the Russia ...

s that occurred in the territory of the present-day Czech Republic before the year 1419:

Massacres during the Hussite Wars (1419 to 1436)

The following

massacres A massacre is the killing of a large number of people or animals, especially those who are not involved in any fighting or have no way of defending themselves. A massacre is generally considered to be morally unacceptable, especially when per ...

and antisemitic

s occurred in the territory of the present-day Czech Republic during the

Hussite The Hussites ( cs, Husité or ''Kališníci''; "Chalice People") were a Czech proto-Protestant Christian movement that followed the teachings of reformer Jan Hus, who became the best known representative of the Bohemian Reformation. The Huss ...

Wars of 1419–1436. During these wars, many atrocities were committed by both Hussites and

Catholic The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...

s. Most Hussites were ethnic Czechs, but there were also German and Polish adherents of this movement. On the other side, most Catholics involved in this conflict were ethnic Germans, but Hungarian, Czech, and Polish Catholics were also killed during the fights and massacres. Jews who sided with the reformer

Jan Hus Jan Hus (; ; 1370 – 6 July 1415), sometimes anglicized as John Hus or John Huss, and referred to in historical texts as ''Iohannes Hus'' or ''Johannes Huss'', was a Czech theologian and philosopher who became a Church reformer and the insp ...

were also victimized during this period. Many killings of the Hussite Wars took place outside the borders of today's Czech Republic; they are not included here.

Massacres between 1436 and 1900

The following is a list of

s and

s that occurred in the territory of the present-day Czech Republic between the years 1436 and 1900:

Massacres between 1900 and 1939

The following is a list of

s and

s that occurred in the territory of the present-day Czech Republic during the 20th century, but before

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...

Massacres during World War II

The following is a list of

s and

s that occurred in the territory of the present-day

in the time of

Nazi Occupation of Czechoslovakia Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Na ...

, until the end of World War II on May 8, 1945. The only exception is the biggest single-day mass murder of Czech citizens in history, which was committed at the

Theresienstadt family camp The Theresienstadt family camp ( cs, Terezínský rodinný tábor, german: Theresienstädter Familienlager), also known as the Czech family camp, consisted of a group of Jewish inmates from the Theresienstadt ghetto in Czechoslovakia, who were h ...

Auschwitz II-Birkenau Auschwitz concentration camp ( (); also or ) was a complex of over 40 Nazi concentration camps, concentration and extermination camps operated by Nazi Germany in Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany, occupied Poland (in a portion annexed int ...

in modern-day Poland, on March 8–9, 1944. There were also single-day mass murders of Czech citizens in the Nazi concentration camps outside the

Czech lands The Czech lands or the Bohemian lands ( cs, České země ) are the three historical regions of Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia. Together the three have formed the Czech part of Czechoslovakia since 1918, the Czech Socialist Republic since ...

, such as in Maly Trostenets, 28 August 1942 (999 killed); Riga, 28 August 1942 (1001 killed);

Mauthausen Mauthausen was a Nazi concentration camp on a hill above the market town A market town is a settlement most common in Europe that obtained by custom or royal charter, in the Middle Ages, a market right, which allowed it to host a regu ...

, 24 October 1942 (262 killed); Mauthausen, 10 April 1945 (235 killed) etc. If not stated otherwise, the victims were of Czech ethnicity.

Massacres after World War II up until Communist Takeover on February 25, 1948

The following is a list of

s that occurred in the territory of the present-day Czech Republic between May 9, 1945 and February 25, 1948 (the day of the communist takeover): }) , at least 51 , The victims were Germans; part of the expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia. , - , Massacre in Německý Šicndorf , 19 May 1945 , Dobronín (german: Dobrenz) , 13–15 or more , The victims were Germans, slain with hoes and shovels; part of the expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia. The mass grave was examined by Czech police in 2010; they found at least 13 human bodies. Survivors claimed that there had been several dozen victims; in May 2011 Czech police found another mass grave nearby. , - , Hanke Lager Massacres , 27 May – 12 June 1945 ,

Ostrava Ostrava (; pl, Ostrawa; german: Ostrau ) is a city in the north-east of the Czech Republic, and the capital of the Moravian-Silesian Region. It has about 280,000 inhabitants. It lies from the border with Poland, at the confluences of four riv ...

(german: Mährisch Ostrau) , 231 , The victims were German civilians from Ostrava and the surrounding area; most were killed by hanging, several were tortured to death. Massacres happened on 27 May (6 killed), 28 May (18 killed), 29 May (17), 30 May (28) 1 June (12), 3 June (14), 4 June (23), 8 June (18), 9 June (26), 12 June (32). After that the guards were exchanged by Czech authorities and only 5 more people died until 3 July. All victims are known by full name, the event is well documented by Czech historians whose post-1990 findings confirm earlier Sudeten German information. , - , Killings in Ivančice , May / June 1945 ,

Ivančice Ivančice (; german: Eibenschütz, yi, אייבעשיץ) is a town in Brno-Country District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 9,700 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as a ...

(german: Eibenschütz) , 30–35 , The "Josef Hybeš" Czech partisan group, under the command of A. Řepka, killed 30 to 35 Germans and alleged Czech collaborators of Nazi Germany. 18 of them were executed after the trial of a "revolutionary people's court" on May 10, 1945; 10 names are documented by a German source, 17 names from Czech documents. , - , Brno Death March , from May 30 to June 1945 , Brno (german: Brünn) and villages south of the city , estimated range from 647 to about 4,140 , According to Czech historians, 649 Germans were killed or perished on Czech (

Moravia Moravia ( , also , ; cs, Morava ; german: link=yes, Mähren ; pl, Morawy ; szl, Morawa; la, Moravia) is a historical region in the east of the Czech Republic and one of three historical Czech lands, with Bohemia and Czech Silesia. The m ...

n) soil and another estimated 1,050 died in

Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...

as a consequences of the death march. Austrian researchers claimed 1,950 victims of the march itself, 2,000 victims in the Pohořelice camp and another 190 victims in surrounding villages. In total 4,140 German victims from Brno. plus 1,062 who died in Austria. , - , Executions in Nový Bor , 2 June 1945 , Nový Bor , 7 , The victims were Germans; the complete death toll was 8, including one German bystander killed during the executions; the families of the victims were forced to move behind nearby German borders; part of the expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia , - , Massacres in Tocov , 2, 3 and 5 June 1945 , Tocov (german: Totzau) , 31 , The victims were Germans; three massacres took place: on June 2, 5 were killed), during the night of June 2 to June 3, 6 were killed) and on June 5, 20 were shot. part of the expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia; the event was examined in 1999 by German and Czech prosecutors, who confirmed the facts and identified the perpetrators. , - , Massacre in Postoloprty , 3–7 June 1945 ,

Postoloprty Postoloprty (; german: Postelberg) is a town in Louny District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 4,600 inhabitants. Administrative parts The villages of Březno, Dolejší Hůrky, Hradiště, Levonice, Malnice, Mr ...

(german: Postelberg) , at least 730 , The victims were German men and boys; 822 men from Postoloprty were reported missing after June 7, 1945; in 1947 a total of 763 bodies were found in Postoloprty; part of the expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia, but some of the mass graves were attributed to the earlier Nazi Death Marches of the Holocaust. , - , Massacre in Podbořany , 7 June 1945 ,

Podbořany Podbořany (; german: Podersam) is a town in Louny District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 6,200 inhabitants. The town is known for producing hops. Administrative parts Town parts and villages of Buškovice, Dol ...

(german: Podersam) , 68 , The victims were male German civilians; part of the expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia. The names of all of the victims and most of the perpetrators are known and so are the sites of two mass graves with 32 and 36 bodies, which were investigated by Czechoslovak authorities in 1947. The event is well documented by Czech and German authors, among them

Ota Filip Ota Filip (9 March 1930 – 2 March 2018) was a Czech novelist and journalist. He wrote in both German and Czech. Life Filip was born in Slezská Ostrava, in present-day Czech Republic. His novels have been translated into French, Italian, Span ...

. , - , Massacre in Švédské Šance , June 18–19, 1945 , Přerov (german: Prerau) , 265 , The victims were ethnic Germans from

Slovakia Slovakia (; sk, Slovensko ), officially the Slovak Republic ( sk, Slovenská republika, links=no ), is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the s ...

; one Slovakian woman and her boy were spared, the German father was shot; part of the expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia. , - , Massacre at Buková hora , 30 June 1945 ,

Teplice nad Metují Teplice nad Metují (; german: Weckelsdorf) is a town in Náchod District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,600 inhabitants. Administrative parts Villages and hamlets of Bohdašín, Dědov, Dolní Teplice, Horn ...

, 23 , The victims were Germans; women, children, and old men were marched to the border to be expelled; as Polish authorities refused thementry, the Germans were killed; part of the expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia , - , Ústí massacre , 31 July 1945 ,

Ústí nad Labem Ústí nad Labem (, , ) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 92,000 inhabitants. It is the capital of its eponymous region and district. It is a major industrial centre and, besides being an active river port, is an important railway ju ...

(german: Aussig) , 43–2800 , The victims were Germans; the official Czechoslovak investigation confirmed 43 people had been killed, but the actual number is estimated at least 100; part of the expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia. Before 1990, Sudeten German organisations were claiming 600–2800 victims, or sometimes "thousands." , -

Massacres during the Time of Communist Rule (1948–1989)

The following is a list of

s that occurred in the territory of the present-day Czech Republic between 1948 and 1989:

Massacres before the Hussite Wars (up until the year 1419)

Massacres during the Hussite Wars (1419 to 1436)

Massacres between 1436 and 1900

Massacres between 1900 and 1939

Massacres during World War II

Massacres after World War II up until Communist Takeover on February 25, 1948

Massacres during the Time of Communist Rule (1948–1989)

Massacres after 1989

References

See also