This list of mammals of Estonia shows the IUCN Red List status of the mammal fauna occurring in Estonia. It is somewhat impoverished compared to that of southern and central Europe due to the short period since the last ice age. Native species are considered to be those which are today present in the country. There are no Endemic (ecology), endemic mammal species in Estonia. The list follows Moks et al. (2015) with later additions. The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed on the IUCN Red List published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

Order: Eulipotyphla (shrews, hedgehogs, gymnures, moles and solenodons)

Eulipotyphlans are insectivorous mammals. Shrews and solenodons resemble mice, hedgehogs carry spines, gymnures look more like large rats, while Mole (animal), moles are stout-bodied burrowers. *Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs) **Subfamily: Erinaceinae ***Genus: ''Erinaceus'' **** West European hedgehog, ''E. europaeus'' LC **** Northern white-breasted hedgehog, ''E. roumanicus'' LC

*Family: Soricidae (shrews) **Subfamily: Soricinae ***Tribe: Nectogalini ****Genus: ''Neomys'' ***** Eurasian water shrew, ''Neomys fodiens'' LC ***** Mediterranean water shrew, ''Neomys anomalus'' LC ***Tribe: Soricini ****Genus: ''Sorex'' ***** Common shrew, ''Sorex araneus'' LC ***** Laxmann's shrew, ''Sorex caecutiens'' LC ***** Eurasian pygmy shrew, ''Sorex minutus'' LC ***** Eurasian least shrew, ''Sorex minutissimus'' LC (one uncertain finding from 1971) *Family: Talpidae (moles) **Subfamily: Talpinae ***Tribe: Talpini ****Genus: ''Talpa (genus), Talpa'' ***** European mole, ''Talpa europaea'' LC

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals. *Family: Vespertilionidae **Subfamily: Myotinae ***Genus: ''Myotis'' **** Brandt's bat, ''Myotis brandti'' LC **** Pond bat, ''Myotis dasycneme'' VU **** Daubenton's bat, ''Myotis daubentonii'' LC **** Whiskered bat, ''Myotis mystacinus'' LC **** Natterer's bat, ''Myotis nattereri'' LC **Subfamily: Vespertilioninae ***Genus: ''Barbastella'' ****Western barbastelle, ''B. barbastellus'' (unproven) ***Genus: ''Eptesicus'' **** Northern bat, ''Eptesicus nilssoni'' LC ***Genus: ''Nyctalus'' **** Common noctule, ''Nyctalus noctula'' LC ***Genus: ''Pipistrellus'' **** Nathusius' pipistrelle, ''Pipistrellus nathusii'' LC **** Common pipistrelle, ''Pipistrellus pipistrellus'' LC **** Soprano pipistrelle, ''Pipistrellus pygmaeus'' LC ***Genus: ''Plecotus'' ****Brown long-eared bat, ''P. auritus'' ***Genus: ''Vespertilio'' **** Parti-coloured bat, ''Vespertilio murinus'' LC

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a Taxonomic rank, superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two. *Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares) **Genus: ''Hare, Lepus'' ***European hare, ''L. europaeus'' ***Mountain hare, ''L. timidus''

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to . *Suborder: Sciurognathi **Family: Castoridae (beavers) ***Genus: ''Castor (genus), Castor'' **** Eurasian beaver, ''C. fiber'' **Family: Sciuridae (squirrels) ***Subfamily: Sciurinae ****Tribe: Sciurini *****Genus: ''Sciurus'' ****** Red squirrel, ''S. vulgaris'' LC ***Tribe: Pteromyini ****Genus: ''Pteromys'' ***** Siberian flying squirrel, ''P. volans'' NT **Family: Gliridae (dormice) ***Subfamily: Leithiinae ****Genus: ''Eliomys'' ***** Garden dormouse, ''Eliomys quercinus'' VU (last sighted in 1986) ****Genus: ''Muscardinus'' ***** Hazel dormouse, ''Muscardinus avellanarius'' NT (last sighted in 1986) **Family: Dipodidae (jerboas) ***Subfamily: Sicistinae ****Genus: ''Sicista'' ***** Northern birch mouse, ''Sicista betulina'' NT **Family: Cricetidae ***Subfamily: Arvicolinae ****Genus: ''Arvicola'' ***** European water vole or north-western water vole, ''Arvicola amphibius'' LC ****Genus: ''Clethrionomys'' ***** Bank vole, ''Myodes glareolus'' or ''Clethrionomys glareolus'' LC ****Genus: ''Microtus'' ***** Field vole, ''Microtus agrestis'' LC ***** Common vole, ''Microtus arvalis'' LC ***** Root vole, ''Microtus oeconomus'' LC (one lower jaw found in 1970) ***** Sibling vole, ''Microtus levis'' LC ***** European pine vole, ''Microtus subterraneus'' LC ****Genus: ''Myopus'' ***** Wood lemming, ''Myopus schisticolor'' LC (first found in 2019) ****Genus: ''Ondatra'' *****Muskrat, ''Ondatra zibethicus'' LC (introduced) **Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.) ***Subfamily: Murinae ****Genus: ''Apodemus'' ***** Striped field mouse, ''Apodemus agrarius'' LC ***** Yellow-necked mouse, ''Apodemus flavicollis'' LC ***** Ural field mouse, ''Apodemus uralensis'' LC ****Genus: ''Micromys'' ***** Eurasian harvest mouse, Harvest mouse, ''Micromys minutus'' NT ****Genus: ''Rattus'' *****Brown rat, ''Rattus norvegicus'' LC *****Black rat, ''Rattus rattus'' LC ****Genus: ''Mus (genus), Mus'' *****House mouse, ''Mus musculus'' LC

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition. *Suborder: Feliformia **Family: Felidae (cats) ***Subfamily: Felinae ****Genus: ''Lynx'' ***** Eurasian lynx, ''L. lynx'' LC *Suborder: Caniformia **Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes) ***Genus: ''Canis'' **** Gray wolf, ''C. lupus'' LC **** European jackal, ''C. aureus moreoticus'' LC (first found in 2013) ***Genus: ''Nyctereutes'' ****Raccoon dog, ''N. procyonoides'' LC (introduced) ***Genus: ''Vulpes'' **** Red fox, ''V. vulpes'' LC **Family: Ursidae (bears) ***Genus: ''Ursus (genus), Ursus'' **** Brown bear, ''U. arctos'' LC **Family: Mustelidae (mustelids) ***Genus: ''Gulo'' ****Wolverine, ''G. gulo'' LC (only five proven sightings during the 20th century and none during the 21st) ***Genus: ''Lutra'' **** European otter, ''L. lutra'' NT ***Genus: ''Martes'' ****Pine marten, ''M. martes'' LC ****Beech marten, ''M. foina'' LC ***Genus: ''Meles (genus), Meles'' **** European badger, ''M. meles'' LC ***Genus: ''Mustela'' **** Stoat, ''M. erminea'' LC **** European mink, ''M. lutreola'' CR reintroduced **** Least weasel, ''M. nivalis'' LC **** European polecat, ''M. putorius'' LC ***Genus: ''Neogale'' ****American mink, ''N. vison'' introduced **Family: Phocidae (pinnipeds especially earless seals) ***Genus: ''Halichoerus'' **** Grey seal, ''H. grypus'' LC ***Genus: ''Pusa'' **** Ringed seal, ''P. hispida'' LC

Order: Cetacea (whales)

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully aquatic adaptation, adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater. *Suborder: Odontoceti **Family: Phocoenidae (porpoises) ***Genus: ''Phocoena'' **** Harbour porpoise, ''Phocoena phocoena'' VU (last proven sighting in 1988) **Family: Monodontidae (narwhals) ***Genus: ''Delphinapterus'' **** Beluga (whale), Beluga, ''Delphinapterus leucas'' VU (last sighted in 1985) **Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins) ***Genus: ''Lagenorhynchus'' **** White-beaked dolphin, ''Lagenorhynchus albirostris'' LC (sighted once in 2008) ***Genus: ''Tursiops'' **** Bottlenose dolphin, ''Tursiops truncatus'' DD (sighted once in 2020 and maybe also in 2015)

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans. *Family: Suidae (pigs) **Subfamily: Suinae ***Genus: ''Pig, Sus'' **** Wild boar, ''S. scrofa'' LC *Family: Cervidae (deer) **Subfamily: Cervinae ***Genus: ''Cervus'' **** Red deer, ''C. elaphus'' LC **** Sika deer, ''C. nippon'' LC (introduced, few sightings in 1980s and more often since 2013) ***Genus: ''Dama (genus), Dama'' **** European fallow deer, ''D. dama'' LC (introduced, few sightings since 2012) **Subfamily: Capreolinae ***Genus: ''Alces'' **** Moose, ''A. alces'' LC ***Genus: ''Capreolus'' **** Roe deer, ''C. capreolus'' LC

External links

Eesti imetajate levikuatlas

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Estonia Lists of biota of Estonia, Mammals Lists of mammals of Europe, Estonia Fauna of Estonia, Mammals Lists of mammals by country, Estonia