Colombia's governmental organization that oversees and manages natural parks within its national borders, ''Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia'', has provided an official list of species that are considered to be invasive under the following resolutions:
* Resolution 848 of 2008
* Resolution 132 of 2010
* Resolution 207 of 2010
* Resolution 654 of 2011
* Resolution 346 of 2022
There are also additional species listed below from more recent sources.
Species
Species officially declared as invasive are shown in bold.
Invertebrates
* ''
Aedes albopictus
''Aedes albopictus'' (''Stegomyia albopicta''), from the mosquito (Culicidae) family, also known as the (Asian) tiger mosquito or forest mosquito, is a mosquito native to the tropical and subtropical areas of Southeast Asia. In the past few cen ...
'' (tiger mosquito)
* ''
Anastrepha fraterculus
''Anastrepha fraterculus'', known as the South American fruit fly, is a fruit fly species from the genus Anastrepha. ''A. fraterculus'' is a polyphagous, frugivorous fly that is a significant pest of commercial fruit production in South America.
...
'' (South American fruit fly)
* ''
Aphis spiraecola
''Aphis spiraecola'' is a species of aphid described in 1914 by Edith Marion Patch. Its common names include green citrus aphid, Spirea aphid, and apple aphid. It is distributed worldwide, and is most abundant in the United States. It has a dip ...
Ceratitis capitata
''Ceratitis capitata'', commonly known as the Mediterranean fruit fly or medfly, is a yellow-and-brown fly native to sub-Saharan Africa. It has no near relatives in the Western Hemisphere and is considered to be one of the most destructive frui ...
Cornu aspersum
''Cornu aspersum'' (syn. ''Cryptomphalus aspersus''), known by the common name garden snail, is a species of land snail in the family Helicidae, which includes some of the most familiar land snails. Of all terrestrial molluscs, this species may ...
Lissachatina fulica
''Lissachatina fulica'' is a species of large land snail that belongs in the subfamily Achatininae of the family Achatinidae. It is also known as the Giant African land snail.
* '' Maconellicoccus hirsutus'' (hibiscus mealybug)
* ''
Melanoides tuberculata
The red-rimmed melania (''Melanoides tuberculata''), also known as Malayan livebearing snails or Malayan/Malaysian trumpet snails (often abbreviated to MTS) by aquarists, is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, a parthenogenetic, a ...
'' (red-rimmed melania)
* ''
Monomorium pharaonis
The pharaoh ant (''Monomorium pharaonis'') is a small (2 mm) yellow or light brown, almost transparent ant notorious for being a major indoor nuisance pest, especially in hospitals. A cryptogenic species, it has now been introduced to vi ...
Penaeus monodon
''Penaeus monodon'', commonly known as the giant tiger prawn, Asian tiger shrimp, black tiger shrimp, and other names, is a marine crustacean that is widely reared for food.
Taxonomy
''Penaeus monodon'' was first described by Johan Christian ...
Procambarus clarkii
''Procambarus clarkii'', known variously as the red swamp crayfish, Louisiana crawfish or mudbug, is a species of cambarid crayfish native to freshwater bodies of northern Mexico, and southern and southeastern United States, but also introduce ...
Tetranychus urticae
''Tetranychus urticae'' (common names include red spider mite and two-spotted spider mite) is a species of plant-feeding mite generally considered to be a pest. It is the most widely known member of the family Tetranychidae or spider mites. It ...
'' (mite)
Fish
* ''
Cyprinus carpio
The Eurasian carp or European carp (''Cyprinus carpio''), widely known as the common carp, is a widespread freshwater fish of eutrophic waters in lakes and large rivers in Europe and Asia.Fishbase''Cyprinus carpio'' Linnaeus, 1758/ref>Arkive The ...
'' (Common carp)
* ''
Micropterus salmoides
The largemouth bass (''Micropterus salmoides'') is a carnivorous freshwater gamefish in the Centrarchidae ( sunfish) family, a species of black bass native to the eastern and central United States, southeastern Canada and northern Mexico, but ...
'' (Largemouth bass)
* ''
Oncorhynchus mykiss
The rainbow trout (''Oncorhynchus mykiss'') is a species of trout native to cold-water tributaries of the Pacific Ocean in Asia and North America. The steelhead (sometimes called "steelhead trout") is an anadromous (sea-run) form of the coastal ...
'' (Rainbow trout)
* ''
Oreochromis mossambicus
''Oreochromis'' is a large genus of oreochromine cichlids, fishes endemic to Africa and the Middle East. A few species from this genus have been introduced far outside their native range and are important in aquaculture. Many others have ver ...
'' (Black tilapia)
* ''
Oreochromis niloticus
The Nile tilapia (''Oreochromis niloticus'') is a species of tilapia, a cichlid fish native to the northern half of Africa and the Levante area, including Land of Israel, Israel, and Lebanon. Numerous Introduced species, introduced populations ex ...
'' (Nile tilapia)
* ''
Pterois volitans
The red lionfish (''Pterois volitans'') is a venomous coral reef fish in the family Scorpaenidae, order Scorpaeniformes. It is mainly native to the Indo-Pacific region, but has become an invasive species in the Caribbean Sea, as well as along ...
'' (Red lionfish)
* ''
Salmo trutta
The brown trout (''Salmo trutta'') is a European species of salmonid fish that has been widely introduced into suitable environments globally. It includes purely freshwater populations, referred to as the riverine ecotype, ''Salmo trutta'' morph ...
Lithobates catesbeianus
The American bullfrog (''Lithobates catesbeianus''), often simply known as the bullfrog in Canada and the United States, is a large true frog native to eastern North America. It typically inhabits large permanent water bodies such as swamps, po ...
'' (American bullfrog)
Mammals
* ''
Canis familiaris
The dog (''Canis familiaris'' or ''Canis lupus familiaris'') is a domesticated descendant of the wolf. Also called the domestic dog, it is derived from the extinct Pleistocene wolf, and the modern wolf is the dog's nearest living relative. Do ...
'' (domestic dog)
* ''
Felis catus
The cat (''Felis catus'') is a domestic species of small carnivorous mammal. It is the only domesticated species in the family Felidae and is commonly referred to as the domestic cat or house cat to distinguish it from the wild members of t ...
'' (cats)
* ''
Hippopotamus amphibius
The hippopotamus ( ; : hippopotamuses or hippopotami; ''Hippopotamus amphibius''), also called the hippo, common hippopotamus, or river hippopotamus, is a large semiaquatic mammal native to sub-Saharan Africa. It is one of only two extant ...
Rattus norvegicus
''Rattus'' is a genus of muroid rodents, all typically called rats. However, the term rat can also be applied to rodent species outside of this genus.
Species and description
The best-known ''Rattus'' species are the black rat (''R. rattus'') ...
'' (brown rat)
* ''
Rattus rattus
The black rat (''Rattus rattus''), also known as the roof rat, ship rat, or house rat, is a common long-tailed rodent of the stereotypical rat genus ''Rattus'', in the subfamily Murinae. It likely originated in the Indian subcontinent, but is ...
'' (black rat)
Birds
* ''
Columba livia
The rock dove, rock pigeon, or common pigeon ( also ; ''Columba livia'') is a member of the bird family Columbidae (doves and pigeons). In common usage, it is often simply referred to as the "pigeon".
The domestic pigeon (''Columba livia domes ...
'' (rock dove)
* ''
Lonchura malacca
The tricoloured munia (''Lonchura malacca'') is an estrildid finch, native to Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, and southern China. The species has also introduced to the Caribbean, in Trinidad, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Cuba, an ...
'' (Tricoloured munia)
* ''
Passer domesticus
The house sparrow (''Passer domesticus'') is a bird of the sparrow family Passeridae, found in most parts of the world. It is a small bird that has a typical length of and a mass of . Females and young birds are coloured pale brown and grey, an ...
Kappaphycus alvarezii
Description
''Kappaphycus alvarezii'', the elkhorn sea moss, is a species of red algae. The elkhorn sea moss varies in size, weight, and age. It is a dark greenish-brown hue and can sometimes be deep purple. The moss is cylindrical in shape t ...
'' (Elkhorn sea moss)
* ''
Melinis minutiflora
''Melinis minutiflora'', commonly known as molasses grass, is a species of grass.
It is a perennial grass native to Africa, where it occurs in disjunct populations (an arc from central Angola to Cameroon in western central africa, the areas arou ...
Ulex europaeus
''Ulex europaeus'', the gorse, common gorse, furze or whin, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to the British Isles and Western Europe.
Description
Growing to tall, it is an evergreen shrub. The young stems are g ...
'' (Common gorse)
See also
*
Fauna of Colombia
The fauna of Colombia is characterized by a high biodiversity, with the highest rate of species by area unit worldwide.
Endemic animals
Colombia has the largest number of endemic species (species that are not found naturally anywhere else) world ...
*
Flora of Colombia
The Flora of Colombia is characterized by over 28,000 species of green plants.
National Flower of Colombia
The national flower of Colombia is the orchid '' Cattleya trianae'' which was named after the Colombian naturalist José Jerónimo Tria ...