This is a list of historians only for those with a biographical entry in Wikipedia. Major chroniclers and annalists are included. Names are listed by the person's historical period. The entries continue with the specializations, not nationality.

Antiquity

Greco-Roman world

Classical period

Herodotus Herodotus ( ; grc, , }; BC) was an ancient Greek historian and geographer A geographer is a physical scientist, social scientist or humanist whose area of study is geography, the study of Earth's natural environment and human society ...

(484 – c. 420 BCE), Halicarnassus, wrote the '' Histories'', which established Western

historiography Historiography is the study of the methods of historians in developing history as an academic discipline, and by extension is any body of historical work on a particular subject. The historiography of a specific topic covers how historians ha ...

Thucydides Thucydides (; grc, , }; BC) was an Athenian historian and general. His '' History of the Peloponnesian War'' recounts the fifth-century BC war between Sparta and Athens until the year 411 BC. Thucydides has been dubbed the father of " scienti ...

(460 – c. 400 BCE), Peloponnesian War *

Xenophon Xenophon of Athens (; grc, Ξενοφῶν ; – probably 355 or 354 BC) was a Greek military leader, philosopher, and historian, born in Athens. At the age of 30, Xenophon was elected commander of one of the biggest Greek mercenary armies o ...

(431 – c. 360 BCE), Athenian knight and student of Socrates *

Ctesias Ctesias (; grc-gre, Κτησίας; fl. fifth century BC), also known as Ctesias of Cnidus, was a Greek physician and historian from the town of Cnidus in Caria, then part of the Achaemenid Empire. Historical events Ctesias, who lived in the fi ...

(early 4th century BCE), Greek historian of Assyrian, Persian, and Indian history

Hellenistic period

* Ephorus of Cyme (c. 400–330 BCE), Greek history *

Theopompus Theopompus ( grc-gre, Θεόπομπος, ''Theópompos''; c. 380 BCc. 315 BC) was an ancient Greek historian and rhetorician. Biography Theopompus was born on the Aegean island of Chios. In early youth, he seems to have spent some time at Athen ...

(c. 380 – c. 315 BCE), Greek history *

Eudemus of Rhodes Eudemus of Rhodes ( grc-gre, Εὔδημος) was an ancient Greek philosopher, considered the first historian of science, who lived from c. 370 BCE until c. 300 BCE. He was one of Aristotle's most important pupils, editing his teacher's work and m ...

(c. 370 – c. 300 BCE), Greek historian of science *

Ptolemy I Soter Ptolemy I Soter (; gr, Πτολεμαῖος Σωτήρ, ''Ptolemaîos Sōtḗr'' "Ptolemy the Savior"; c. 367 BC – January 282 BC) was a Macedonian Greek general, historian and companion of Alexander the Great from the Kingdom of Macedo ...

(367 – c. 283 BCE), general of Alexander the Great, founder of the Ptolemaic dynasty * Duris of Samos (c. 350 – post-281 BCE), Greek history *

Berossus Berossus () or Berosus (; grc, Βηρωσσος, Bērōssos; possibly derived from akk, , romanized: , "Bel is his shepherd") was a Hellenistic-era Babylonian writer, a priest of Bel Marduk and astronomer who wrote in the Koine Greek language ...

(early 3rd century BCE), Babylonian historian * Timaeus of Tauromenium (c. 345 BCE – c. 250 BCE), Greek history * Manetho (3rd century BCE), Egyptian historian and priest from Sebennytos (ancient Egyptian: Tjebnutjer) living in the Ptolemaic era *

Quintus Fabius Pictor Quintus Fabius Pictor (born BC, BC) was the earliest known Roman historian. His history, written in Greek and now mostly lost besides some surviving fragments, was highly influential on ancient writers and certainly participated in introducing Gree ...

(born c. 254 BCE), Roman history *

Artapanus of Alexandria Artapanus of Alexandria (Gk. Ἀρτάπανος ὁ Ἀλεξανδρεύς) was a historian, of Alexandrian Jewish origin, who is believed to have lived in Alexandria, during the later half of the 3rd or 2nd century BCE. Although most scholars ...

(late 3rd – early 2nd cc. BCE), Jewish historian of Ptolemaic Egypt *

Cato the Elder Marcus Porcius Cato (; 234–149 BC), also known as Cato the Censor ( la, Censorius), the Elder and the Wise, was a Roman soldier, senator, and historian known for his conservatism and opposition to Hellenization. He was the first to write his ...

(234–149 BCE), Roman statesman and historian, author of the ''

Origines (, "Origins") is the title of a lost work on Roman and Italian history by Cato the Elder, composed in the early-2nd centuryBC. Contents According to Cato's biographer Cornelius Nepos, the ''Origins'' consisted of seven books. Book I was the hi ...

'' * Cincius Alimentus (late 2nd century BCE), Roman history *

Gaius Acilius Gaius Acilius ( 155 BC) was a senator and historian of ancient Rome. He knew Greek, and in 155 BC interpreted for Carneades, Diogenes, and Critolaus, who had come to the Roman Senate on an embassy from Athens.Alexander Hugh McDonald, "Aciliu ...

(), Roman history *

Agatharchides Agatharchides or Agatharchus ( grc-gre, Ἀγαθαρχίδης or , ''Agatharchos'') of Cnidus was a Greek historian and geographer (flourished 2nd century BC). Life Agatharchides is believed to have been born at Cnidus, hence his appellation. A ...

(fl. mid–2nd century BCE), Greek history * Polybius (203 – c. 120 BCE), early Roman history (in Greek) * Sempronius Asellio (c. 158 – post-91 BCE), early Roman history *

Valerius Antias Valerius Antias ( century BC) was an ancient Roman annalist whom Livy mentions as a source. No complete works of his survive but from the sixty-five fragments said to be his in the works of other authors it has been deduced that he wrote a chroni ...

(1st century BCE), Roman history * Quintus Claudius Quadrigarius (1st century BCE), Roman history *

Diodorus of Sicily Diodorus Siculus, or Diodorus of Sicily ( grc-gre, Διόδωρος ; 1st century BC), was an ancient Greek historian. He is known for writing the monumental universal history ''Bibliotheca historica'', in forty books, fifteen of which su ...

(1st century BCE), Greek history *

Posidonius Posidonius (; grc-gre, Ποσειδώνιος , "of Poseidon") "of Apameia" (ὁ Ἀπαμεύς) or "of Rhodes" (ὁ Ῥόδιος) (), was a Greek politician, astronomer, astrologer, geographer, historian, mathematician, and teacher nativ ...

(c. 135 – 51 BCE), Greek and Roman history *

Theophanes of Mytilene Theophanes of Mytilene ( grc-gre, Θεοφάνης ὁ Μυτιληναῖος) was an intellectual and historian from the town of Mytilene on the island of Lesbos who lived in the middle of the 1st century BC. He was a friend of Pompey and wrot ...

(fl. mid 1st-c. BCE), Roman history

Roman Empire

Julius Caesar Gaius Julius Caesar (; ; 12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC), was a Roman general and statesman. A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war, ...

(100 – c. 44 BCE), Gallic and civil wars *

Sallust Gaius Sallustius Crispus, usually anglicised as Sallust (; 86 – ), was a Roman historian and politician from an Italian plebeian family. Probably born at Amiternum in the country of the Sabines, Sallust became during the 50s BC a partisan ...

(86–34 BCE), Roman history * Dionysius of Halicarnassus (c. 60 – post-7 BCE), Roman history *

Livy Titus Livius (; 59 BC – AD 17), known in English as Livy ( ), was a Roman historian. He wrote a monumental history of Rome and the Roman people, titled , covering the period from the earliest legends of Rome before the traditional founding in ...

(c. 59 BCE – c. 17 CE), Roman history * Memnon of Heraclea (), Greek and Roman history * Strabo (63 BCE – 24 CE), geography, Greek history *

Marcus Velleius Paterculus Marcus Velleius Paterculus (; c. 19 BC – c. AD 31) was a Roman historian, soldier and senator. His Roman history, written in a highly rhetorical style, covered the period from the end of the Trojan War to AD 30, but is most useful for the per ...

(c. 19 BCE – c. 31 CE), Roman history * Claudius (10 BCE – 54 CE), Roman, Etruscan and Carthaginian history * Pamphile of Epidaurus (female historian active under

Nero Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ( ; born Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus; 15 December AD 37 – 9 June AD 68), was the fifth Roman emperor and final emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, reigning from AD 54 unti ...

, r. 54–68), Greek history * Marcus Cluvius Rufus, (fl. 41–69), Roman history * Quintus Curtius Rufus (c. 60–70), Greek history *

Flavius Josephus Flavius Josephus (; grc-gre, Ἰώσηπος, ; 37 – 100) was a first-century Romano-Jewish historian and military leader, best known for '' The Jewish War'', who was born in Jerusalem—then part of Roman Judea—to a father of priestly ...

(37–100), Jewish history * Dio Chrysostom (c. 40 – c. 115 CE), history of the Getae *

Thallus Thallus (plural: thalli), from Latinized Greek (), meaning "a green shoot" or "twig", is the vegetative tissue of some organisms in diverse groups such as algae, fungi, some liverworts, lichens, and the Myxogastria. Many of these organisms ...

(early 2nd c. CE), Roman history * Gaius Cornelius Tacitus (c. 56–120), early Roman Empire *

Plutarch Plutarch (; grc-gre, Πλούταρχος, ''Ploútarchos''; ; – after AD 119) was a Greek Middle Platonist philosopher, historian, biographer, essayist, and priest at the Temple of Apollo in Delphi. He is known primarily for hi ...

(c. 46–120), '' Parallel Lives'' of important Greeks and Romans * Criton of Heraclea (fl. 100), history of the Getae and the Dacian Wars * Suetonius (c. 69 – post-122), Roman emperors up to the Flavian dynasty *

Appian Appian of Alexandria (; grc-gre, Ἀππιανὸς Ἀλεξανδρεύς ''Appianòs Alexandreús''; la, Appianus Alexandrinus; ) was a Greek historian with Roman citizenship who flourished during the reigns of Emperors of Rome Trajan, Ha ...

(c. 95 – c. 165), Roman history * Arrian (c. 92–175), Greek history *

Granius Licinianus Granius Licinianus (active in the 2nd century AD) was a Roman Empire, Roman author of historical and encyclopedic works that survive only in fragments. He most likely lived at the time of Hadrian. History Granius compiled a "novel" narrative epito ...

(2nd century), Roman history * Criton of Pieria (2nd century), Greek history *

Lucius Ampelius The ''Liber Memorialis'' is an ancient book in Latin featuring an extremely concise summary—a kind of index—of universal history from earliest times to the reign of Trajan. It was written by Lucius Ampelius, who was possibly a tutor or ...

(c. 2nd c. CE), Roman history * Dio Cassius (c. 160 – post-229), Roman history * Marius Maximus (c. 160 – c. 230), biography of Roman emperors * Diogenes Laërtius (fl. c. 230), history of Greek philosophers *

Sextus Julius Africanus Sextus Julius Africanus (c. 160 – c. 240; Greek: Σέξτος Ἰούλιος ὁ Ἀφρικανός or ὁ Λίβυς) was a Christian traveler and historian of the late second and early third centuries. He is important chiefly because o ...

(c. 160 – c. 240), early Christian *

Herodian Herodian or Herodianus ( el, Ἡρωδιανός) of Syria, sometimes referred to as "Herodian of Antioch" (c. 170 – c. 240), was a minor Roman civil servant who wrote a colourful history in Greek titled ''History of the Empire from the Death o ...

(c. 170 – c. 240), Roman history *

Publius Anteius Antiochus Publius Anteius Antiochus, or Antiochus of Aegae ( grc, Ἀντίοχος), was a sophist—or, as he claimed to be, a Cynic philosopher—of ancient Rome, from the Cilician port city of Aegeae (modern Yumurtalık). He lived around the 2nd century ...

(early 3rd c.) * Gaius Asinius Quadratus (fl. 248), Roman history * Dexippus (c. 210 – 273), Roman history * Ephorus the Younger (late 3rd century), Roman history * Acholius (late 3rd century), Roman history * Callinicus (died 273), history of Alexandria * Eusebius of Caesarea (c. 275 – c. 339), early Christian * Praxagoras of Athens (fl. early 4th century), Greek and Roman history * Festus (fl. 370), Roman history *

Aurelius Victor Sextus Aurelius Victor (c. 320 – c. 390) was a historian and politician of the Roman Empire. Victor was the author of a short history of imperial Rome, entitled ''De Caesaribus'' and covering the period from Augustus to Constantius II. The work ...

(c. 320 – c. 390), Roman history * Eutropius (died 390), Roman history *

Ammianus Marcellinus Ammianus Marcellinus (occasionally anglicised as Ammian) (born , died 400) was a Roman soldier and historian who wrote the penultimate major historical account surviving from antiquity (preceding Procopius). His work, known as the ''Res Gestae ...

(c. 325 – c. 391), Roman history *

Virius Nicomachus Flavianus Virius Nicomachus Flavianus (334–394 AD) was a grammarian, a historian and a politician of the Roman Empire. A pagan and close friend of Quintus Aurelius Symmachus, he was Praetorian prefect of Italy in 390–392. Under the usurper Eugenius (3 ...

(334–394), Roman history *

Sulpicius Alexander Sulpicius Alexander (fl. late fourth century) was a Roman historian of Germanic tribes. His work is lost, but his ''Historia'' in at least four books is quoted by Gregory of Tours. It was perhaps a continuation of the ''Res gestae'' by Ammianus Ma ...

(fl. late 4th century), Roman history *

Rufinus of Aquileia Tyrannius Rufinus, also called Rufinus of Aquileia (''Rufinus Aquileiensis'') or Rufinus of Concordia (344/345–411), anglicized as Tyrann Rufine, was a monk, historian, and theologian. He is best known as a translator of Greek patristic materia ...

(c. 340–410), early Christian * Eunapius (346–414), biographies of philosophers and universal history * Orosius (c. 375 – post-418), early Christian *

Philostorgius Philostorgius ( grc-gre, Φιλοστόργιος; 368 – c. 439 AD) was an Anomoean Church historian of the 4th and 5th centuries. Very little information about his life is available. He was born in Borissus, Cappadocia to Eulampia and Car ...

(368 – c. 439), early Christian *

Socrates of Constantinople Socrates of Constantinople ( 380 – after 439), also known as Socrates Scholasticus ( grc-gre, Σωκράτης ὁ Σχολαστικός), was a 5th-century Greek Christian church historian, a contemporary of Sozomen and Theodoret. He is the ...

(c. 380 – unknown date), early Christian * Agathangelos (5th century), Armenian history *

Priscus Priscus of Panium (; el, Πρίσκος; 410s AD/420s AD-after 472 AD) was a 5th-century Eastern Roman diplomat and Greek historian and rhetorician (or sophist)...: "For information about Attila, his court and the organization of life general ...

(5th century), Byzantine history *

Sozomen Salamanes Hermias Sozomenos ( grc-gre, Σαλαμάνης Ἑρμείας Σωζομενός; la, Sozomenus; c. 400 – c. 450 AD), also known as Sozomen, was a Roman lawyer and historian of the Christian Church. Family and home He was born aro ...

(c. 400 – c. 450), early Christian *

Theodoret Theodoret of Cyrus or Cyrrhus ( grc-gre, Θεοδώρητος Κύρρου; AD 393 – 458/466) was an influential theologian of the School of Antioch, biblical commentator, and Christian bishop of Cyrrhus (423–457). He played a pi ...

(c. 393 – c. 457), early Christian *

Movses Khorenatsi Movses Khorenatsi (ca. 410–490s AD; hy, Մովսէս Խորենացի, , also written as ''Movses Xorenac‘i'' and Moses of Khoren, Moses of Chorene, and Moses Chorenensis in Latin sources) was a prominent Armenian historian from the late a ...

(13 January 410–488), Armenian history *

Hydatius Hydatius, also spelled Idacius (c. 400 – c. 469) was a late Western Roman writer and clergyman. The bishop of Aquae Flaviae in the Roman province of Gallaecia (almost certainly the modern Chaves, Portugal, in the modern district of Vila Real), ...

(c. 400 – c. 469), chronicler of Hispania *

Salvian Salvian (or Salvianus) was a Christian writer of the 5th century in Roman Gaul. Personal life Salvian's birthplace is uncertain, but some scholars have suggested Cologne or Trier some time between 400 and 405. He was educated at the school of Trie ...

(c. 400/405 – c. 493), early Christian *

Faustus of Byzantium Faustus of Byzantium (also Faustus the Byzantine, hy, Փաւստոս Բուզանդ, translit=P'awstos Buzand) was an Armenian historian of the 5th century. Faustus' ''History of the Armenians'' (also known as '' Buzandaran Patmut'iwnk) exists ...

(5th c.), Armenian history *

Ghazar Parpetsi Ghazar Parpetsi ( hy, Ղազար Փարպեցի, translit=Łazar P῾arpec῾i) was a 5th to 6th century Armenian chronicler and historian. He had close ties with the powerful Mamikonian noble family and is most prominent for writing a history of ...

(441/443–510/515), Armenian history * Zosimus (fl. 491–518), late Roman history *

Jordanes Jordanes (), also written as Jordanis or Jornandes, was a 6th-century Eastern Roman bureaucrat widely believed to be of Gothic descent who became a historian later in life. Late in life he wrote two works, one on Roman history ('' Romana'') a ...

(6th century), history of the Goths * John Malalas (c. 491–578), Early Christian

China

Zuo Qiuming Zuo Qiuming, Zuoqiu Ming or Qiu Ming (556–451 BCEZhou, Jixu (May 2011"Confucius and Lao Zi" Their Differing Social Foundations and Cultures ''Sino-Platonic Papers'' 211. p. 2 or 502 – 422 BCE) was a Chinese historian who was a contempo ...

(左丘明, 556–451 BCE), attributed author of '' Zuo zhuan'', history of Spring and Autumn period *

Sima Tan Sima Tan (; 165–110 BCE) was a Chinese astrologer and historian during the Western Han dynasty. His work ''Records of the Grand Historian'' was completed by his son Sima Qian, who is considered the founder of Chinese historiography. Ed ...

(司馬談, 165–110 BCE), historian and father of Sima Qian, who completed his ''

Records of the Grand Historian ''Records of the Grand Historian'', also known by its Chinese name ''Shiji'', is a monumental history of China that is the first of China's 24 dynastic histories. The ''Records'' was written in the early 1st century by the ancient Chinese his ...

'' * Sima Qian (司馬遷, c. 145 – c. 86 BCE), founder of Chinese historiography, compiled ''Records of the Grand Historian'' (though preceded by '' Book of Documents'' and '' Zuo zhuan'') * Liu Xiang (劉向, 77–76 BCE) (Chinese

Han dynasty The Han dynasty (, ; ) was an imperial dynasty of China (202 BC – 9 AD, 25–220 AD), established by Liu Bang (Emperor Gao) and ruled by the House of Liu. The dynasty was preceded by the short-lived Qin dynasty (221–207 BC) and a warr ...

), Chinese history *

Ban Biao Ban Biao (, 3–54 CE), courtesy name (), was a Chinese historian and politician born in what is now Xianyang, Shaanxi during the Han Dynasty. He was the nephew of Consort Ban, a famous poet and concubine to Emperor Cheng. Ban Biao began the ...

(班彪, CE 3–54) (Chinese

), the ''

Book of Han The ''Book of Han'' or ''History of the Former Han'' (Qián Hàn Shū,《前汉书》) is a history of China finished in 111AD, covering the Western, or Former Han dynasty from the first emperor in 206 BCE to the fall of Wang Mang in 23 CE. ...

'', completed by son and daughter * Ban Gu (班固, CE 32–92) (Chinese

), Chinese history *

Ban Zhao Ban Zhao (; 45 or 49 – c. 117/120 CE), courtesy name Huiban (), was a Chinese historian, philosopher, and politician. She was the first known female Chinese historian and, along with Pamphile of Epidaurus, one of the first known female h ...

(班昭, CE 45–116) (Chinese

, China's first female historian) *

Chen Shou Chen Shou (; 233–297), courtesy name Chengzuo (), was a Chinese historian, politician, and writer who lived during the Three Kingdoms period and Jin dynasty of China. Chen Shou is most known for his most celebrated work, the '' Records of ...

(陈寿, 233–297) (Chinese Jin dynasty) compiled '' Records of the Three kingdoms'' *

Faxian Faxian (法顯 ; 337 CE – c. 422 CE), also referred to as Fa-Hien, Fa-hsien and Sehi, was a Chinese Buddhist monk and translator who traveled by foot from China to India to acquire Buddhist texts. Starting his arduous journey about age 60, h ...

(法顯, c. 337 – c. 422), Chinese Buddhist monk and historian * Fan Ye (范曄, 398–445), Chinese history, compiled the '' Book of Later Han'' *

Shen Yue Shen Yue (; 441–1 May 513), courtesy name Xiuwen (休文), was a Chinese historian, music theorist, poet, and politician born in Huzhou, Zhejiang. He served emperors under the Liu Song Dynasty, the Southern Qi Dynasty (see Yongming poetry), a ...

(沈約, 441–513), Chinese history of the

Liu Song dynasty Song, known as Liu Song (), Former Song (前宋) or Song of (the) Southern Dynasty (南朝宋) in historiography, was an imperial dynasty of China and the first of the four Southern dynasties during the Northern and Southern dynasties period ...

(420–479)

Middle Ages

Byzantine sphere

Procopius Procopius of Caesarea ( grc-gre, Προκόπιος ὁ Καισαρεύς ''Prokópios ho Kaisareús''; la, Procopius Caesariensis; – after 565) was a prominent late antique Greek scholar from Caesarea Maritima. Accompanying the Roman gen ...

(c. 500 – c. 565), writings on reigns of

Justinian Justinian I (; la, Iustinianus, ; grc-gre, Ἰουστινιανός ; 48214 November 565), also known as Justinian the Great, was the Byzantine emperor from 527 to 565. His reign is marked by the ambitious but only partly realized ''renovat ...

and

Theodora Theodora is a given name of Greek origin, meaning "God's gift". Theodora may also refer to: Historical figures known as Theodora Byzantine empresses * Theodora (wife of Justinian I) ( 500 – 548), saint by the Orthodox Church * Theodora o ...

* Constantine of Preslav (late 9th – early 10th c.), Bulgarian historian *

Nestor the Chronicler Saint Nestor the Chronicler ( orv, Несторъ Лѣтописецъ; 1056 – c. 1114, in Principality of Kiev, Kievan Rus') was the reputed author of '' Primary Chronicle'' (the earliest East Slavic letopis), ''Life of the Venerable The ...

(c. 1056 – c. 1114, in Kiev), author of the Primary Chronicle *

Anna Komnene Anna Komnene ( gr, Ἄννα Κομνηνή, Ánna Komnēnḗ; 1 December 1083 – 1153), commonly Latinized as Anna Comnena, was a Byzantine princess and author of the ''Alexiad'', an account of the reign of her father, the Byzantine emperor, ...

(1083–1153), Byzantine princess * Joannes Zonaras (12th c.), Byzantine chronicler *

Nicetas Choniates Niketas or Nicetas Choniates ( el, Νικήτας Χωνιάτης; c. 1155 – 1217), whose actual surname was Akominatos (Ἀκομινάτος), was a Byzantine Greek government official and historian – like his brother Michael Akominatos, wh ...

(died c. 1220) * Domentijan (1210–1264), Serbian monk and chronicler

Latin sphere

Early Middle Ages

* Gregory of Tours (538–594), ''A History of the Franks'' * Baudovinia (), Frankish nun who wrote a biography of

Radegund Radegund ( la, Radegundis; also spelled ''Rhadegund, Radegonde, or Radigund''; 520 – 13 August 587) was a Thuringian princess and Frankish queen, who founded the Abbey of the Holy Cross at Poitiers. She is the patron saint of several churche ...

* Cogitosus (fl. c. 650), Irish historian * Tírechán (fl. c. 655), Irish biographer of Saint Patrick * Muirchu moccu Machtheni (7th c.), Irish historian * Adamnan (625–704), Irish historian * Bede (c. 672–735), Anglo-Saxon England * Paul the Deacon (8th c.), Langobards * Einhard (9th c.), biographer of

Charlemagne Charlemagne ( , ) or Charles the Great ( la, Carolus Magnus; german: Karl der Große; 2 April 747 – 28 January 814), a member of the Carolingian dynasty, was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and the first ...

* Nennius (c. 9th c.), Wales *

Notker of St Gall Notker the Stammerer ( – 6 April 912), Notker Balbulus, or simply Notker, was a Benedictine monk at the Abbey of Saint Gall active as a poet, scholar and (probably) composer. Described as "a significant figure in the Western Church", Notker m ...

(9th c.), anecdotal biography of

* Martianus Hiberniensis (819–875), Irish teacher and historian *

Asser Asser (; ; died 909) was a Welsh monk from St David's, Dyfed, who became Bishop of Sherborne in the 890s. About 885 he was asked by Alfred the Great to leave St David's and join the circle of learned men whom Alfred was recruiting for his ...

, Bishop of

Sherborne Sherborne is a market town and civil parish in north west Dorset, in South West England. It is sited on the River Yeo, on the edge of the Blackmore Vale, east of Yeovil. The parish includes the hamlets of Nether Coombe and Lower Clatcombe. ...

(died 908/909), Welsh historian *

Regino of Prüm Regino of Prüm or of Prum ( la, Regino Prumiensis, german: Regino von Prüm; died 915 AD) was a Benedictine monk, who served as abbot of Prüm (892–99) and later of Saint Martin's at Trier, and chronicler, whose ''Chronicon'' is an important so ...

(died 915)

High Middle Ages

10th century

Widukind of Corvey Widukind of Corvey (c. 925after 973) was a medieval Saxon chronicler. His three-volume '' Res gestae Saxonicae sive annalium libri tres'' is an important chronicle of 10th-century Germany during the rule of the Ottonian dynasty. Life In view of ...

(925–973), Ottonian chronicler *

Liutprand of Cremona Liutprand, also Liudprand, Liuprand, Lioutio, Liucius, Liuzo, and Lioutsios (c. 920 – 972),"LIUTPRAND OF CREMONA" in '' The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium'', Oxford University Press, New York & Oxford, 1991, p. 1241. was a historian, diplomat, ...

(922–972), Byzantine affairs * Heriger of Lobbes (925–1007), theologian and historian *

Richerus Richerus or Richer of Reims (fl. 10th century) was a monk of Saint-Remi, just outside Reims, and a historian, an important source for the contemporary kingdom of France. Life He was a son of Rodulf, a trusted councillor and captain of Louis IV of ...

(), French monk and historian

11th century

Thietmar of Merseburg Thietmar (also Dietmar or Dithmar; 25 July 9751 December 1018), Prince-Bishop of Merseburg from 1009 until his death, was an important chronicler recording the reigns of German kings and Holy Roman Emperors of the Ottonian (Saxon) dynasty. Two ...

(25 July 975 – 1 December 1018), German, Polish, and Russian affairs * Michael Psellus (1018 – c. 1078), Greek politician and historian *

Marianus Scotus Marianus Scotus (1028–1082 or 1083) was an Irish monk and chronicler. He authored the ''Chronica Clara'', a history of the world. Name Marianus Scotus is Latin for " Marian the Scot", although that term at the time was still inclusive of ...

(1028–1082/1083), Irish chronicler *

Michael Attaleiates Michael Attaleiates or Attaliates ( grc-gre, Μιχαήλ Ἀτταλειάτης, Michaḗl Attaleiátēs, ; – 1080) was a Byzantine Greek chronicler, public servant and historian active in Constantinople and around the empire's provinces in the ...

(c. 1015 – c. 1080), Byzantine historian * Guibert of Nogent (1053–1124),

Benedictine , image = Medalla San Benito.PNG , caption = Design on the obverse side of the Saint Benedict Medal , abbreviation = OSB , formation = , motto = (English: 'Pray and Work') , foun ...

historian * Eadmer (c. 1066 – c. 1124), post-Conquest English history *

Adam of Bremen Adam of Bremen ( la, Adamus Bremensis; german: Adam von Bremen) (before 1050 – 12 October 1081/1085) was a German medieval chronicler. He lived and worked in the second half of the eleventh century. Adam is most famous for his chronicle ''Gesta ...

(later 11th century), historian of Scandinavia, ''

Gesta Hammaburgensis Ecclesiae Pontificum ''Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum'' (Medieval Latin for ''"Deeds of the Bishops of Hamburg"'') is a historical treatise written between 1073 and 1076 by Adam of Bremen, who made additions (''scholia'') to the text until his death (poss ...

12th century

In alphabetical order: *

Albert of Aix Albert of Aix(-la-Chapelle) or Albert of Aachen; la, Albericus Aquensis; ''fl.'' c. 1100) was a historian of the First Crusade and the early Kingdom of Jerusalem. He was born during the later part of the 11th century, and afterwards became canon ( ...

(), historian of the

First Crusade The First Crusade (1096–1099) was the first of a series of religious wars, or Crusades, initiated, supported and at times directed by the Latin Church in the medieval period. The objective was the recovery of the Holy Land from Islamic r ...

* Alured of Beverley (fl. 1143), English chronicler *

Ambroise Ambroise, sometimes Ambroise of Normandy,This form appeared first in (flourished ) was a Norman poet and chronicler of the Third Crusade, author of a work called ', which describes in rhyming Old French verse the adventures of as a crusader. ...

(fl. 1190s), Anglo-Norman writer of verse narrative of the

Third Crusade The Third Crusade (1189–1192) was an attempt by three European monarchs of Western Christianity (Philip II of France, Richard I of England and Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor) to reconquer the Holy Land following the capture of Jerusalem by ...

(Anna Comnena, 1083 – post-1148), Byzantine princess and historian * Bele Regis Notarius(late 12th century – early 13th century),Hungarian chronicler.

Gesta Hungarorum ''Gesta Hungarorum'', or ''The Deeds of the Hungarians'', is the earliest book about Hungarian history which has survived for posterity. Its genre is not chronicle, but ''gesta'', meaning "deeds" or "acts", which is a medieval entertaining li ...

. *

Florence of Worcester Florence of Worcester (died 1118), known in Latin as Florentius, was a monk of Worcester, who played some part in the production of the '' Chronicon ex chronicis'', a Latin world chronicle which begins with the creation and ends in 1140.Keynes, "Fl ...

(died 1118), English chronicler *

Galbert of Bruges Galbert of Bruges (Galbertus notarius Brugensis in Latin) was a Flemish cleric and chronicler. A resident of Bruges and a functionary in the administration of the count of Flanders, he is known for his day-by-day Latin account ''De multro, trad ...

(12th century), Flemish chronicler *

Gallus Anonymus ''Gallus Anonymus'' ( Polonized variant: ''Gall '') is the name traditionally given to the anonymous author of ''Gesta principum Polonorum'' (Deeds of the Princes of the Poles), composed in Latin between 1112 and 1118. ''Gallus'' is generally rega ...

(fl. 11th – 12th centuries), Polish historian *

Geoffrey Gaimar Geoffrey Gaimar (fl. 1130s), also written Geffrei or Geoffroy, was an Anglo-Norman chronicler. His contribution to medieval literature and history was as a translator from Old English to Anglo-Norman. His ''L'Estoire des Engleis'', or ''History o ...

(fl. 1130s), Anglo-Norman chronicler *

Geoffrey of Monmouth Geoffrey of Monmouth ( la, Galfridus Monemutensis, Galfridus Arturus, cy, Gruffudd ap Arthur, Sieffre o Fynwy; 1095 – 1155) was a British cleric from Monmouth, Wales and one of the major figures in the development of British historiography ...

(c. 1100 – c. 1155), churchman/historian * Geoffroi de Villehardouin (c. 1160–1212) * Helmold of Bosau (ca. 1120 – post-1177), German chronicler *

John of Worcester John of Worcester (died c. 1140) was an English monk and chronicler who worked at Worcester Priory. He is usually held to be the author of the ''Chronicon ex chronicis''. ''Chronicon ex chronicis'' The ''Chronicon ex chronicis'' is a world wi ...

(fl. 1150s), English chronicler *

Otto of Freising Otto of Freising ( la, Otto Frisingensis; c. 1114 – 22 September 1158) was a German churchman of the Cistercian order and chronicled at least two texts which carries valuable information on the political history of his own time. He was Otto I ...

(c. 1114–1158), German chronicler * Pelagius of Oviedo (died 1153), Iberian bishop/historian *

Saxo Grammaticus Saxo Grammaticus (c. 1150 – c. 1220), also known as Saxo cognomine Longus, was a Danish historian, theologian and author. He is thought to have been a clerk or secretary to Absalon, Archbishop of Lund, the main advisor to Valdemar I of Denmark ...

(12th century), Danish chronicler * Svend Aagesen (c. 1140/1150 – unknown date), Danish historian *

Symeon of Durham __NOTOC__ Symeon (or Simeon) of Durham (died after 1129) was an English chronicler and a monk of Durham Priory. Biography Symeon entered the Benedictine monastery at Jarrow as a youth. It moved to Durham in 1074, and he was professed in 1085 or ...

(died post-1129), English chronicler *

William of Malmesbury William of Malmesbury ( la, Willelmus Malmesbiriensis; ) was the foremost English historian of the 12th century. He has been ranked among the most talented English historians since Bede. Modern historian C. Warren Hollister described him as " ...

(1095–1143), English historian *

William of Newburgh William of Newburgh or Newbury ( la, Guilelmus Neubrigensis, ''Wilhelmus Neubrigensis'', or ''Willelmus de Novoburgo''. 1136 – 1198), also known as William Parvus, was a 12th-century English historian and Augustinian canon of Anglo-Saxon de ...

(1135–1198), English historian called "the father of historical criticism" *

William of Tyre William of Tyre ( la, Willelmus Tyrensis; 113029 September 1186) was a medieval prelate and chronicler. As archbishop of Tyre, he is sometimes known as William II to distinguish him from his predecessor, William I, the Englishman, a former ...

(c. 1128–1186)

13th century

Giraldus Cambrensis Gerald of Wales ( la, Giraldus Cambrensis; cy, Gerallt Gymro; french: Gerald de Barri; ) was a Cambro-Norman priest and historian. As a royal clerk to the king and two archbishops, he travelled widely and wrote extensively. He studied and taugh ...

(c. 1146 – c. 1223) * Wincenty Kadlubek (1161–1223), Polish historian *

Adam of Eynsham Adam of Eynsham (died after 1233) was a medieval English chronicler and writer. He was a monk and Abbot of Eynsham Abbey. Adam was born around 1155 in Oxford to a middle-class family. His father, a doctor in Oxford, was named Edmund. Edmund's oth ...

(died c. 1233), English hagiographer and writer, abbot of

Eynsham Abbey Eynsham Abbey was a Benedictine monastery in Eynsham, Oxfordshire, in England between 1005 and 1538. King Æthelred allowed Æthelmær the Stout to found the abbey in 1005. There is some evidence that the abbey was built on the site of an ea ...

* Snorri Sturluson (c. 1178–1241), Icelandic historian *

Matthew Paris Matthew Paris, also known as Matthew of Paris ( la, Matthæus Parisiensis, lit=Matthew the Parisian; c. 1200 – 1259), was an English Benedictine monk, chronicler, artist in illuminated manuscripts and cartographer, based at St Albans Abbey ...

(died 1259), English chronicler and illuminator *

Jans der Enikel Jans der Enikel (), or Jans der Jansen Enikel (), was a Viennese chronicler and narrative poet of the late 13th century. He wrote a ''Weltchronik'' () and a ''Fürstenbuch'' (, a history of Vienna), both in Middle High German verse. Name and ...

(c. 1227 – c. 1290), Viennese historian and poet * Templar of Tyre (c. 1230–1314), end of the

Crusades The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Latin Church in the medieval period. The best known of these Crusades are those to the Holy Land in the period between 1095 and 1291 that were ...

Simon of Kéza Simon of Kéza ( hu, Kézai Simon) was the most famous Hungarian chronicler of the 13th century. He was a priest in the royal court of king Ladislaus IV of Hungary. In 1270–1271, bearing the title "master" (''magister''), Simon was part of a d ...

. End of 13th century. A Hungarian chronicler. (c. 1282–1285:

Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum The ''Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum'Reader's encyclopedia of Eastern European literature'', 1993, Robert B. Pynsent, Sonia I. Kanikova, p. 529. (Latin: "Deeds of the Huns and Hungarians") is a medieval chronicle written mainly by Simon of Kéz ...

)

Late Middle Ages

''Historians of the Italian Renaissance listed under "Renaissance"'' * Piers Langtoft (died c. 1307) *

Jean de Joinville Jean de Joinville (, c. 1 May 1224 – 24 December 1317) was one of the great chroniclers of medieval France. He is most famous for writing the ''Life of Saint Louis'', a biography of Louis IX of France that chronicled the Seventh Crusade.''V ...

(1224–1319) *

Giovanni Villani Giovanni Villani (; 1276 or 1280 – 1348)Bartlett (1992), 35. was an Italian banker, official, diplomat and chronicler from Florence who wrote the ''Nuova Cronica'' (''New Chronicles'') on the history of Florence. He was a leading statesman of ...

(1276–1348), Italian chronicler from Florence who wrote the '' Nuova Cronica' * John of Küküllő (1320–1393) * John Clyn (), Irish historian * Seán Mór Ó Dubhagáin (died 1372), Irish historian * Adhamh Ó Cianáin (died 1373) * John of Fordun (died 1384), Scottish chronicler * Ruaidhri Ó Cianáin (died 1387), Irish historian *

Jean Froissart Jean Froissart (Old and Middle French: ''Jehan'', – ) (also John Froissart) was a French-speaking medieval author and court historian from the Low Countries who wrote several works, including ''Chronicles'' and ''Meliador'', a long Arthurian ...

(c. 1337 – c. 1405), chronicler *

Dietrich of Nieheim Dietrich of Nieheim (Niem or Nyem) (22 March 1418), medieval historian, was born at Nieheim, a small town subject to the see of Paderborn. Life Nothing is known about his family, and but little about his life previous to his entry into the service ...

(c. 1345–1418), ecclesiastical history * Christine de Pizan (c. 1365 – c. 1430), historian, poet and philosopher * Álvar García de Santa María (1370–1460) * Giolla Íosa Mór Mac Fhirbhisigh (fl. 1390–1418) *

John Capgrave John Capgrave (21 April 1393 – 12 August 1464) was an English historian, hagiographer and scholastic theologian, remembered chiefly for ''Nova Legenda Angliae'' (New Reading from England). This was the first comprehensive collection of lives o ...

(1393–1464) *

Alfonso de Cartagena Alfonso de Santa María de Cartagena (variants: ''Alfonso de Carthagena'', ''Alonso de Cartagena''; 1384 in Burgos – 1456 in Villasandino) was a converso, Jewish convert to Christianity, a Roman Catholic bishop, diplomat, historian and writer o ...

(1396–1456) * Enguerrand de Monstrelet (c. 1400–1453), French chronicler * Georges Chastellain (c. 1405 or 1415–1475), Burgundian chronicler * Thomas Basin (1412–1491), French historian *

Jan Długosz Jan Długosz (; 1 December 1415 – 19 May 1480), also known in Latin as Johannes Longinus, was a Polish priest, chronicler, diplomat, soldier, and secretary to Bishop Zbigniew Oleśnicki of Kraków. He is considered Poland's first histo ...

(1415–1480), Polish historian and chronicler *

Mathieu d'Escouchy Mathieu d'Escouchy (Le Quesnoy, Nord (French department), Nord, 1420 – 1482) was a Picardy, Picard chronicler during the last stages of the Hundred Years War. His ''Chronique'' was a continuation of the chronicle of Enguerrand de Monstrelet, with ...

(1420–1482), French chronicler * Olivier de la Marche (1425–1502), Burgundian chronicler * Antonio Bonfini(1424–1502), Italian chronicler * Johannes de Thurocz(1435–1489), Hungarian chronicler *

Jean Molinet Jean Molinet (1435 – 23 August 1507) was a French poet, chronicler, and composer. He is best remembered for his prose translation of ''Roman de la rose''. Born in Desvres, which is now part of France, he studied in Paris. He entered the s ...

(1435–1507), French chronicler *

Cathal Óg Mac Maghnusa Cathal Óg Mac Maghnusa (February 1439 – March 1498) was an Irish historian. He was the principal compiler of the ''Annals of Ulster'', along with the scribe Ruaidhrí Ó Luinín. He was also chief of the McManus clan from 1488 to 1498. Referen ...

(1439–1498), compiler and annalist *

Philippe de Commines Philippe de Commines (or de Commynes or "Philippe de Comines"; Latin: ''Philippus Cominaeus''; 1447 – 18 October 1511) was a writer and diplomat in the courts of Burgundy and France. He has been called "the first truly modern writer" ( Charle ...

(1447–1511)

Islamic world

Ibn Rustah Ahmad ibn Rustah Isfahani ( fa, احمد ابن رسته اصفهانی ''Aḥmad ibn Rusta Iṣfahānī''), more commonly known as Ibn Rustah (, also spelled ''Ibn Rusta'' and ''Ibn Ruste''), was a tenth-century Persian explorer and geographer ...

(10th century), Persian historian and traveler *

Abu'l-Fadl Bayhaqi Abūʾl-Faḍl Muḥammad ibn Ḥusayn Bayhaqī ( fa, ابوالفضل محمد بن حسین بیهقی; died September 21, 1077), better known as Abu'l-Faḍl Bayhaqi (; also spelled Beyhaqi), was a Persian secretary, historian and author. Edu ...

(995–1077), Persian historian and author *

Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari ( ar, أبو جعفر محمد بن جرير بن يزيد الطبري), more commonly known as al-Ṭabarī (), was a Muslim historian and scholar from Amol, Tabaristan. Among the most prominent figures of the Islamic Golden Age, al-Tabari ...

(838–923), Persian historian *

Al-Biruni Abu Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Biruni (973 – after 1050) commonly known as al-Biruni, was a Khwarazmian Iranian in scholar and polymath during the Islamic Golden Age. He has been called variously the "founder of Indology", "Father of Co ...

(973–1048), Persian historian *

Ibn Hayyan Abū Marwān Ḥayyān ibn Khalaf ibn Ḥusayn ibn Ḥayyān al-Qurṭubī () (987–1075), usually known as Ibn Hayyan, was a Muslim historian from Al-Andalus. Born at Córdoba, his father was an important official at the court of the Andalusi ...

(987–1075), Al-Andalus historian *

Ibn Hazm Abū Muḥammad ʿAlī ibn Aḥmad ibn Saʿīd ibn Ḥazm ( ar, أبو محمد علي بن احمد بن سعيد بن حزم; also sometimes known as al-Andalusī aẓ-Ẓāhirī; 7 November 994 – 15 August 1064Ibn Hazm. ' (Preface). Tr ...

(994–1064), Al-Andalus historian * Al-Udri (born 1003), Al-Andalus historian * Mohammed al-Baydhaq (), Moroccan historian *

Usamah ibn Munqidh Majd ad-Dīn Usāma ibn Murshid ibn ʿAlī ibn Munqidh al-Kināni al-Kalbī (also Usamah, Ousama, etc.; ar, مجد الدّين اُسامة ابن مُرشد ابن على ابن مُنقذ الكنانى الكلبى) (4 July 1095 – 17 Nove ...

(1095–1188) *

Ali ibn al-Athir Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ash-Shaybānī, better known as ʿAlī ʿIzz ad-Dīn Ibn al-Athīr al-Jazarī ( ar, علي عز الدین بن الاثیر الجزري) lived 1160–1233) was an Arab or Kurdish historian a ...

(1160–1233) *

Abdelwahid al-Marrakushi ʿAbd al-Wāḥid ibn ʿAlī al-Tamīmī al-Marrākushī (; born 7 July 1185 in Marrakech, died 1250) was a Moroccan historian who lived during the Almohad period. Abdelwahid was born in Marrakech in 1185 during the reign of Yaqub al-Mansur, in ...

(born 1185), Moroccan historian * Ibn al-Khabbaza (died 1239), Moroccan historian * Ata al-Mulk Juvayni (1226–1283), Persian historian * Abdelaziz al-Malzuzi (died 1298), Moroccan historian *

Ibn Abi Zar Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Abī Zarʿ al-Fāsī ( ar, أبو الحسن علي بن أبي زرع الفاسي) (d. between 1310 and 1320) is the commonly presumed original author of the popular and influential medieval history of Morocco known as ...

(fl. 1315), Moroccan historian *

Ibn Idhari Abū al-ʽAbbās Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn ʽIḏārī al-Marrākushī ( ar, أبو العباس أحمد ابن عذاري المراكشي) was a Moroccan historian of the late-13th/early-14th century, and author of the famous ''Al-Bayan al-M ...

(late 13th/early 14th c.), Moroccan historian *

Rashid-al-Din Hamadani Rashīd al-Dīn Ṭabīb ( fa, رشیدالدین طبیب;‎ 1247–1318; also known as Rashīd al-Dīn Faḍlullāh Hamadānī, fa, links=no, رشیدالدین فضل‌الله همدانی) was a statesman, historian and physician in Ilk ...

(1247–1317), Persian historian *Abdullah

Wassaf Wassaf or Vassaf ( fa, عبدالله ابن فضل‌الله شرف‌الدین شیرازی) Abdallah ibn Faḍlallah Sharaf al-Din Shīrāzī (''fl.'' 1265–1328) was a 14th-century Persian historian of the Ilkhanate. Waṣṣāf, sometimes ...

(1299–1323), Persian historian * Ibn Khaldun (1332–1406), North African historian "of the world" * Ismail ibn al-Ahmar (1387–1406), Moroccan historian

Far East

* Fang Xuanling (房玄齡, 579–648, Chinese

Tang dynasty The Tang dynasty (, ; zh, t= ), or Tang Empire, was an imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907 AD, with an interregnum between 690 and 705. It was preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdom ...

) compiled the ''

Book of Jin The ''Book of Jin'' is an official Chinese historical text covering the history of the Jin dynasty from 266 to 420. It was compiled in 648 by a number of officials commissioned by the imperial court of the Tang dynasty, with chancellor Fang ...

''. *

Yao Silian Yao Silian (姚思廉; 564 - 637), courtesy name Jianzhi (簡之),The ''Old Book of Tang'' indicates that his courtesy name was Jianzhi, but the ''New Book of Tang'' indicates that his formal name was Jian (簡) but went by the courtesy name of Sili ...

(姚思廉, died 637, Chinese

) compiled the ''

Book of Liang The ''Book of Liang'' (''Liáng Shū''), was compiled under Yao Silian and completed in 635. Yao heavily relied on an original manuscript by his father Yao Cha, which has not independently survived, although Yao Cha's comments are quoted in seve ...

'' and ''

Book of Chen The ''Book of Chen'' or ''Chen Shu'' (''Chén Shū'') was the official history of the Chen dynasty, one of the Southern Dynasties of China. The ''Book of Chen'' is part of the official Twenty-Four Histories of imperial China. It was compiled by ...

''. *

Wei Zheng Wei Zheng (580–643), courtesy name Xuancheng, posthumously known as Duke Wenzhen of Zheng, was a Chinese politician and historian. He served as a chancellor of the Tang dynasty for about 13 years during the reign of Emperor Taizong. He was al ...

(魏徵, 580–643), Chinese historian and lead editor of the ''

Book of Sui The ''Book of Sui'' (''Suí Shū'') is the official history of the Sui dynasty. It ranks among the official Twenty-Four Histories of imperial China. It was written by Yan Shigu, Kong Yingda, and Zhangsun Wuji, with Wei Zheng as the lead author. ...

'' * Liu Zhiji (劉知幾, 661–721), Chinese history, author of ''

Shitong The ''Shitong'' () is the first Chinese-language work about historiography compiled by Liu Zhiji between 708 and 710. The book describes the general pattern of the past official dynastic historiography on structure, method, order of arrangement, ...

'', the first Chinese work on Chinese historiography and methods *

Ō no Yasumaro was a Japanese nobleman, bureaucrat, and chronicler. He may have been the son of , a participant in the Jinshin War of 672.Philippi (1968:546) He is most famous for compiling and editing, with the assistance of Hieda no Are, the '' Kojiki'', th ...

(太安万侶, died 723), Japanese chronicler and editor of '' Kojiki'' and '' Nihon Shoki'' * Liu Xu (劉昫,888–947), Chinese historian and lead editor of '' Old Book of Tang'' * Li Fang (李昉, 925–996), Chinese editor of ''

Four Great Books of Song The ''Four Great Books of Song'' () was compiled by a team of scholars during the Song dynasty (960–1279). The term was coined after the last book ('' Cefu Yuangui'') was finished during the 11th century. The four encyclopedias were published an ...

'' *

Song Qi Song Qi (; 998–1061), courtesy name Zijing (子京), was a Chinese essayist, historian, politician, and poet of the Northern Song dynasty. Imperial advisor Song was a Grand Councilor in the Imperial Chinese court. In this role, he was called ...

(宋祁, 998–1061), Chinese historian and co-author of '' New Book of Tang'' * Ouyang Xiu (歐陽脩, 1007–1072), Chinese historian and co-author of '' New Book of Tang'' *

Sima Guang Sima Guang (17 November 1019 – 11 October 1086), courtesy name Junshi, was a Chinese historian, politician, and writer. He was a high-ranking Song dynasty scholar-official who authored the monumental history book ''Zizhi Tongjian''. Sima was ...

(司馬光, 1019–1086), Chinese historiographer and politician *

Kim Bu-sik Kim Bu-sik, or Gim Busik (; 1075–1151) was a statesman, general, Confucian scholar and writer during Korea's Goryeo period. He was a scion of the Silla royalty and a member of the Gyeongju Kim clan. Later he was the supreme chancellor from 1136 ...

(김부식, 1075–1151), Korean historian, author of

Samguk Sagi ''Samguk Sagi'' (, ''History of the Three Kingdoms'') is a historical record of the Three Kingdoms of Korea: Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla. The ''Samguk Sagi'' is written in Classical Chinese, the written language of the literati of ancient Korea, ...

* Il-yeon (일연, 1206–1289), Korean historian, author of Samguk Yusa * Lê Văn Hưu (黎文休, 1230–1322), Vietnamese history * Toqto'a (脫脫, 1314–1356) (Chinese

Yuan dynasty The Yuan dynasty (), officially the Great Yuan (; xng, , , literally "Great Yuan State"), was a Mongol-led imperial dynasty of China and a successor state to the Mongol Empire after its division. It was established by Kublai, the fift ...

), Mongol historian who compiled '' History of Song'' * Song Lian (宋濂, 1310–1381) (Chinese

Ming dynasty The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was an imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming dynasty was the last orthodox dynasty of China ruled by the Han peo ...

), wrote ''

History of Yuan The ''History of Yuan'' (''Yuán Shǐ''), also known as the ''Yuanshi'', is one of the official Chinese historical works known as the ''Twenty-Four Histories'' of China. Commissioned by the court of the Ming dynasty, in accordance to political ...

'' * Zhu Quan (朱權, 1378–1448), Chinese history

South Asia

Kalhana Kalhana ( sa, कल्हण, translit=kalhaṇa) was the author of ''Rajatarangini'' (''River of Kings''), an account of the history of Kashmir. He wrote the work in Sanskrit between 1148 and 1149. All information regarding his life has to be ...

(c. 12th century), historian of Kashmir and Indian Subcontinent *

Hemachandra Hemachandra was a 12th century () Indian Jain saint, scholar, poet, mathematician, philosopher, yogi, grammarian, law theorist, historian, lexicographer, rhetorician, logician, and prosodist. Noted as a prodigy by his contemporaries, he gain ...

(12th century),

Jain Jainism ( ), also known as Jain Dharma, is an Indian religion. Jainism traces its spiritual ideas and history through the succession of twenty-four tirthankaras (supreme preachers of ''Dharma''), with the first in the current time cycle being ...

polymath * Abdul Malik Isami (14th century), Indian historian and poet *

Jonaraja Jonaraja (died A.D. 1459) was a Kashmiri historian and Sanskrit poet. His ' is a continuation of Kalhana's ' and brings the chronicle of the kings of Kashmir down to the time of the author's patron Zain-ul-Abidin (r. 1418–1419 and 1420–1470 ...

(15th century) Kashmiri historian and

Sanskrit Sanskrit (; attributively , ; nominally , , ) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in South Asia after its predecessor languages had diffused there from the northwest in the late ...

poet * Padmanābha (15th century), Indian poet and historian * Yahya bin Ahmad Sirhindi (15th century), Delhi Sultanate

Renaissance to early modern

Renaissance Europe

:''Western historians during the

Italian Renaissance The Italian Renaissance ( it, Rinascimento ) was a period in Italian history covering the 15th and 16th centuries. The period is known for the initial development of the broader Renaissance culture that spread across Europe and marked the trans ...

Northern Renaissance The Northern Renaissance was the Renaissance that occurred in Europe north of the Alps. From the last years of the 15th century, its Renaissance spread around Europe. Called the Northern Renaissance because it occurred north of the Italian Renais ...

; those born post-1600 listed under "early modern"'' * Baldassarre Bonaiuti (1336–1385), chronicler and historian of the 14th century *

Leonardo Bruni Leonardo Bruni (or Leonardo Aretino; c. 1370 – March 9, 1444) was an Italian humanist, historian and statesman, often recognized as the most important humanist historian of the early Renaissance. He has been called the first modern historian. ...

(1370–1444), humanist historian *

Flavio Biondo Flavio Biondo (Latin Flavius Blondus) (1392 – June 4, 1463) was an Italian Renaissance humanist historian. He was one of the first historians to use a three-period division of history (Ancient, Medieval, Modern) and is known as one of the f ...

(1392–1463), humanist historian *

(1447–1511), French historian *

Robert Fabyan Robert Fabyan (died 1512) was a London draper, Sheriff and Alderman, and author of ''Fabyan's Chronicle''. Family Robert Fabyan was the son of John Fabyan and his wife, Agnes. He is said to have been born in London. He had a brother, John. His n ...

(died 1513), London alderman and chronicler *

Niccolò Machiavelli Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli ( , , ; 3 May 1469 – 21 June 1527), occasionally rendered in English as Nicholas Machiavel ( , ; see below), was an Italian diplomat, author, philosopher and historian who lived during the Renaissance. ...

(1469–1527), author of '' Florentine Histories'' *

Hector Boece Hector Boece (; also spelled Boyce or Boise; 1465–1536), known in Latin as Hector Boecius or Boethius, was a Scottish philosopher and historian, and the first Principal of King's College in Aberdeen, a predecessor of the University of Abe ...

(1465–1536), Scottish philosopher and historian, author of '' Historia Gentis Scotorum'' *

Albert Krantz Albert Krantz (December 7, 1517), German historian, was a native of Hamburg. He studied law, theology and history at Rostock and Cologne, and after travelling through western and southern Europe was appointed professor, first of philosophy and su ...

(1450–1517), German historian * Polydore Vergil (c. 1470–1555), Tudor history *

Stephanus Brodericus Stephanus Brodericus ( hr, Stjepan Brodarić; hu, Brodarics István; c. 1480 – 17 November 1539) was a Croatian– Hungarian bishop, diplomat, chancellor and humanist writer. He started his studies in Pécs and continued at the universities of ...

(1480–1539), Croatian Hungarian bishop. Stephani Broderici narratio de praelio quo ad Mohatzium anno 1526 Ludovicus Hungariae rex periit(''De conflictu Hungarorum cum Turcis ad Mohacz verissima historia)'' * Francesco Guicciardini (1483–1540), historian of the Italian Wars, "Storia d'Italia" *

Paolo Giovio Paolo Giovio (also spelled ''Paulo Jovio''; Latin: ''Paulus Jovius''; 19 April 1483 – 11 December 1552) was an Italian physician, historian, biographer, and prelate. Early life Little is known about Giovio's youth. He was a native of Com ...

(1486–1552), historian of the Italian Wars and the

Renaissance Papacy The Renaissance Papacy was a period of papal history between the Western Schism and the Reformation. From the election of Pope Martin V of the Council of Constance in 1417 to the Reformation in the 16th century, Western Christianity was largely f ...

, ''Historiae'' * Paolo Sarpi (1552–1623), historian of the

Council of Trent The Council of Trent ( la, Concilium Tridentinum), held between 1545 and 1563 in Trent (or Trento), now in northern Italy, was the 19th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church. Prompted by the Protestant Reformation, it has been described a ...

Olaus Magnus Olaus Magnus (October 1490 – 1 August 1557) was a Swedish writer, cartographer, and Catholic ecclesiastic. Biography Olaus Magnus (a Latin translation of his birth name Olof Månsson) was born in Linköping in October 1490. Like his elder ...

(c. 1490–1570), Swedish ecclesiastic * Kaspar Helth (1490–1574), Transylvanian Saxon historian and Protestant preacher. * Nicolaus Olahus (1493–1568), Hungarian/Wallachian chronicler
H
* João de Barros (1496–1570), Portuguese historian * Aegidius Tschudi (1505–1572), Swiss historian *

Josias Simmler Josias Simmler (Josiah Simler; la, Iosias Simlerus) (6 November 1530 – 2 July 1576) was a Swiss theologian and classicist, author of the first book relating solely to the Alps. Life The son of the former prior of the Cistercian convent of ...

(1530–1576), Swiss classicist * Ferenc Forgách, Bishop of Várad (1530–1577) Hungarian historian *

Arild Huitfeldt Arild Huitfeldt (Arvid) (11 September 1546 – 16 December 1609) was a Danish historian and state official, known for his vernacular Chronicle of Denmark. Life Huitfeldt was born into an aristocratic family from Scania, part of the Kingdom of D ...

(1546–1609), Denmark *

Raphael Holinshed Raphael Holinshed ( – before 24 April 1582) was an English chronicler, who was most famous for his work on ''The Chronicles of England, Scotlande, and Irelande'', commonly known as ''Holinshed's Chronicles''. It was the "first complete printe ...

(died c. 1580), chronicler, source for Shakespeare plays *

Caesar Baronius Cesare Baronio (as an author also known as Caesar Baronius; 30 August 1538 – 30 June 1607) was an Italian cardinal and historian of the Catholic Church. His best-known works are his ''Annales Ecclesiastici'' ("Ecclesiastical Annals"), wh ...

(1538–1607), ecclesiastical historian * Sigismund von Herberstein (1486–1566), Muscovite affairs *

Miklós Istvánffy Baron Miklós Istvánffy de Baranyavár et Kisasszonyfalva ( la, Nicolaus Istuanfius; 8 December 1538 – 1 April 1615) was a Hungarian politician, Humanist historian and poet, who served as Palatinal Governor of Hungary ( hu, nádori helytartó) ...

(1538–1615) Hungarian historian * Paolo Paruta (1540–1598), Venetian historian * Garcilaso de la Vega (1539–1616), Spanish historian of Inca history *István Szamosközy (1570–1612), Hungarian historian. * Pilip Ballach Ó Duibhgeannáin (). Irish historian

Early modern period

''Western historians of the Early modern and Enlightenment period, c. 1600–1815'' * John Hayward (1564–1627) *

James Ussher James Ussher (or Usher; 4 January 1581 – 21 March 1656) was the Church of Ireland Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland between 1625 and 1656. He was a prolific scholar and church leader, who today is most famous for his ident ...

(1581–1656), chronology of the history of the world *

Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft (16 March 1581 – 21 May 1647) - Knight in the Order of Saint Michael - was a Dutch historian, poet and playwright who lived during the Dutch Golden Age in literature. Life Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft, often abbreviat ...

(1581–1647), Dutch Republic * William Bradford (1590–1657), Mayflower/Plymouth Colony of America *

Mícheál Ó Cléirigh Mícheál Ó Cléirigh (), sometimes known as Michael O'Clery, was an Irish chronicler, scribe and antiquary and chief author of the ''Annals of the Four Masters,'' assisted by Cú Choigcríche Ó Cléirigh, Fearfeasa Ó Maol Chonaire, and Per ...

(c. 1590–1643), Irish historian *

Thomas Fuller Thomas Fuller (baptised 19 June 1608 – 16 August 1661) was an English churchman and historian. He is now remembered for his writings, particularly his ''Worthies of England'', published in 1662, after his death. He was a prolific author, and ...

(1608–1661), English historian and churchman * Tadhg Óg Ó Cianáin (died c. 1614), Irish historian * Cú Choigcríche Ó Cléirigh (Peregrine O'Clery) (died c. 1662/1664), Irish historian *

Sir James Ware Sir James Ware (26 November 1594 – 1 December 1666) was an Irish historian. Personal details Born at Castle Street, Dublin on 26 November 1594, James Ware was the eldest son of Sir James Ware (1568–1632) and Mary Bryden, daughter of Ambrose ...

(1594–1666), Anglo-Irish historian and antiquarian * Arthur Wilson (1595–1652), 16th-century Britain *

Placido Puccinelli Padre Placido Puccinelli (1609–1685) was a Cassinese monk, historian and scholar. He was born at Pescia and educated at the abbey of S. Maria in Florence. He began his monastic career on 15 January 1626. For a long time, he was itinerant, tr ...

(1609–1685), Italian historian *

Charles du Fresne, sieur du Cange Charles du Fresne, sieur du Cange (; December 18, 1610 in Amiens – October 23, 1688 in Paris, aged 77), also known simply as Charles Dufresne, was a distinguished French philologist and historian of the Middle Ages and Byzantium. Life Educate ...

(1610–1688), Medieval and Byzantine historian and philologist * Mary Bonaventure Browne (c. 1610 – c. 1670),

Poor Clare The Poor Clares, officially the Order of Saint Clare ( la, Ordo sanctae Clarae) – originally referred to as the Order of Poor Ladies, and later the Clarisses, the Minoresses, the Franciscan Clarist Order, and the Second Order of Saint Francis ...

and

Irish Irish may refer to: Common meanings * Someone or something of, from, or related to: ** Ireland, an island situated off the north-western coast of continental Europe ***Éire, Irish language name for the isle ** Northern Ireland, a constituent unit ...

historian * Peregrine Ó Duibhgeannain (), Irish historian * Ruaidhrí Ó Flaithbheartaigh (1629–1716/1718), Irish historian *

Louis-Sébastien Le Nain de Tillemont Louis-Sébastien Le Nain de Tillemont (30 November 163710 January 1698) was a French ecclesiastical historian. Life He was born in Paris into a wealthy Jansenist family, and was educated at the ''Petites écoles'' of Port-Royal, where his histori ...

(1637–1698), ecclesiastical historian * Christoph Cellarius (1638–1707), German universal historian *

John Strype John Strype (1 November 1643 – 11 December 1737) was an English clergyman, historian and biographer from London. He became a merchant when settling in Petticoat Lane. In his twenties, he became perpetual curate of Theydon Bois, Essex and lat ...

(1643–1737), English historian *

Thomas Rymer Thomas Rymer (c. 1643 – 14 December 1713) was an English poet, critic, antiquary and historian. His lasting contribution was to compile and publish 16 volumes of the first edition of ''Foedera'', a work in 20 volumes conveying agreements betwe ...

(c. 1643–1713), English historian and antiquary *

Dubhaltach MacFhirbhisigh Dubhaltach Mac Fhirbhisigh (), also known as Dubhaltach Óg mac Giolla Íosa Mór mac Dubhaltach Mór Mac Fhirbhisigh, Duald Mac Firbis, Dudly Ferbisie, and Dualdus Firbissius (fl. 1643 – January 1671) was an Irish scribe, translator, histori ...

(fl. 1643–1671), Irish historian, annalist, genealogist *

Geoffrey Keating Geoffrey Keating ( ga, Seathrún Céitinn; c. 1569 – c. 1644) was a 17th-century historian. He was born in County Tipperary, Ireland, and is buried in Tubrid Graveyard in the parish of Ballylooby-Duhill. He became an Irish Catholic priest and a ...

/Seathrún Céitinn (died 1643), Irish historian * Đorđe Branković (1645–1711), Serbian history * Josiah Burchett (1666–1746), British naval historian and CEmiralty official *

Laurence Echard Laurence Echard (c. 1670–1730) was an English historian and clergyman. He wrote a ''History of England'' that was a standard work in its time. Life Echard was the son of the Rev. Thomas Echard or Eachard of Barsham, Suffolk, by his wife, th ...

(c. 1670–1730), England * Ludovico Antonio Muratori (1672–1750), Italy *

Manuel Teles da Silva, 3rd Marquis of Alegrete Manuel Teles da Silva, 3rd Marquis of Alegrete, 4th Count of Vila Maior (6 February 1682 — 9 February 1736), was a Portuguese nobleman, statesman, and historian. Career Manuel Teles da Silva was a Fidalgo of the Royal Household of João V of ...

(1682–1736), Portuguese historian * Matthias Bel (1684–1749),

Lutheran Lutheranism is one of the largest branches of Protestantism, identifying primarily with the theology of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German monk and Protestant Reformers, reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practice of the Cathol ...

pastor and

polymath A polymath ( el, πολυμαθής, , "having learned much"; la, homo universalis, "universal human") is an individual whose knowledge spans a substantial number of subjects, known to draw on complex bodies of knowledge to solve specific pro ...

from

Kingdom of Hungary The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from the Middle Ages into the 20th century. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the coronation of the first king Stephen ...

* Moses Williams (1685–1742), Welsh scholar and antiquarian * Archibald Bower (1686–1766), historian of Rome * Vasily Tatishchev (1686–1750), first historian of modern Russia *

Giambattista Vico Giambattista Vico (born Giovan Battista Vico ; ; 23 June 1668 – 23 January 1744) was an Italian philosopher, rhetorician, historian, and jurist during the Italian Enlightenment. He criticized the expansion and development of modern rationali ...

(1688–1744), Italian historian, first modern philosopher of history *

Voltaire François-Marie Arouet (; 21 November 169430 May 1778) was a French Enlightenment writer, historian, and philosopher. Known by his ''nom de plume'' M. de Voltaire (; also ; ), he was famous for his wit, and his criticism of Christianity—es ...

(1694–1778), writer on Europe and France * Johann Lorenz Von Mosheim (1694–1755), Lutheran historian *

Charlotta Frölich Charlotta Frölich (28 November 1698 – 21 July 1770) was a Swedish writer, historian, agronomist and poet. She sometimes used the pseudonym Lotta Triven. She published poems, stories, and work about political and scientific subjects. She was t ...

(1698–1770), Swedish historian * Francis Blomefield (1705–1752), historian of Norfolk, England *

David Hume David Hume (; born David Home; 7 May 1711 NS (26 April 1711 OS) – 25 August 1776) Cranston, Maurice, and Thomas Edmund Jessop. 2020 999br>David Hume" ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. Retrieved 18 May 2020. was a Scottish Enlightenment phil ...

(1711–1776), ''History of England'' * Thomas Hutchinson (1711–1780), colonial Massachusetts * Francisco Jose Freire (1719–1773), Portuguese historian and philologist * William Robertson (1721–1793), Scottish historian *

György Pray György Pray (also: ''George Pray'', 11 September 1723 - 23 September 1801) was a Hungarian Jesuit Abbot, canon, librarian of the University library of Buda and important historian. Biography He was born at Érsekújvár (Nové Zámky) on 11 Sep ...

(1723–1801), Hungarian abbot and historian *

Zaharije Orfelin Zaharije Orfelin ( sr-Cyrl, Захаријe Орфелин; 1726 – 19 January 1785) was a Serbs, Serbian polymath who lived and worked in the Austrian Monarchy and Republic of Venice, Venice. Works *''Pesan novosadelanuje za gradjanku go ...

(1726–1785), Austrian Serb historian * Johann Christoph Gatterer (1727–1799), German historian * Edward Hasted (1732–1812), Kent, England *

Mikhail Shcherbatov Prince Mikhailo Mikhailovich Shcherbatov (russian: Михаи́л Миха́йлович Щерба́тов; 22 July 1733 – 12 December 1790) was a leading ideologue and exponent of the Russian Enlightenment, on the par with Mikhail Lomonosov a ...

(1733–1790), Russian historian *

August Ludwig von Schlözer August Ludwig von Schlözer (5 July 1735, in Gaggstatt – 9 September 1809, in Göttingen) was a German historian and pedagogist who laid foundations for the critical study of Russian medieval history. He was a member of the Göttingen Scho ...

(1735–1809), German historian * John Barrow (fl. 1735–1774), English naval historian and geographer *

Edward Gibbon Edward Gibbon (; 8 May 173716 January 1794) was an English historian, writer, and member of parliament. His most important work, '' The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire'', published in six volumes between 1776 and 1788, is ...

(1737–1794), Roman Empire and Byzantium * Alexander Hewat (or Hewatt) (1739–1824), colonial Carolina and Georgia * Benjamin Incledon (1730–1796), English antiquary and school historian * Philip Yorke (1743–1804), Welsh historian and politician * Johann Gottfried Herder (1744–1803), philosophy of the history of mankind *

Fray Íñigo Abbad y Lasierra Fray Íñigo Abbad y Lasierra (1745–1813), born in Estadilla, Spain, was a Benedictine monk and the first historian to extensively document Puerto Rico's history, nationality, and culture. Biography Abbad arrived in Puerto Rico in 1771 at age ...

(1745–1813), Spanish historian * David Ramsay (1749–1815), American Revolution; South Carolina * Johannes von Müller (1752–1809), Switzerland *

Pauline de Lézardière Marie-Charlotte-Pauline Robert de Lézardière, commonly known as Pauline de Lézardière, was a French historian who was born on 25 March 1754 at the Château de la Vérie (Challans) and died on 8 February 1835 at the Château de la Proustière ...

(1754–1835), French law historian * Anton Tomaz Linhart (1756–1795), known for Slovenian history * Friedrich Schiller (1759–1805), German historian *

Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamzin Nikolay Mikhailovich Karamzin (russian: Николай Михайлович Карамзин, p=nʲɪkɐˈlaj mʲɪˈxajləvʲɪtɕ kərɐmˈzʲin; ) was a Russian Imperial historian, romantic writer, poet and critic. He is best remembered for ...

(1766–1826), Russian historian, Russian Empire * György Fejér (1766–1851) Hungarian author *

Francesco Maria Appendini Francesco Maria Appendini (November 4, 1768 – 1837) was an Italian Latin and Italian scholar who studied Slavic languages in the Republic of Ragusa. The French invasion prevented him from returning to Italy, and he adopted Republic of Ragusa as hi ...

(1768–1837), Italian historian, Republic of Ragusa *

Ernst Moritz Arndt Ernst Moritz Arndt (26 December 1769 – 29 January 1860) was a German nationalist historian, writer and poet. Early in his life, he fought for the abolition of serfdom, later against Napoleonic dominance over Germany. Arndt had to flee to Swe ...

(1769–1860), German historian

Middle East and Islamic Empires

* Abd al-Qadir Bada'uni (1540–1615), Indo-Persian historian * Ahmad Ibn al-Qadi (1553–1616), Moroccan historian *

Abd al-Aziz al-Fishtali Abd al-Aziz al-Fishtali () (15491621), fully Abu Faris 'Abd al-'Aziz ibn Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-Sanhaji al-Fishtali was a Moroccan writer, head of the chancery (''wazīr ''al''-ḳalam ''al''-aʿlā''), official historiographer and official poet ...

(1549–1621), Moroccan historian * Bahrey (born 1593), Ethiopian monk and historian; wrote ''Zenahu le Galla'' (History of the Galla, now the Oromo) *

Abd al-Rahman al-Fasi Abu Zaid Abd al-Rahman Abu Muhammad Ibn Abd al-Qadir al-Fasi (; c. 1631–1685) was a Moroccan writer in the field of law, history, astronomy and music. He wrote some 170 books and has been called the Suyuti of his time. He was born in the promin ...

(1631–1685), Moroccan historian * Mohammed al-Ifrani (1670–1745), Moroccan historian * Mohammed al-Qadiri (1712–1773), Moroccan historian * Abu al-Qasim al-Zayyani (1734–1833), Moroccan historian and poet * Sulayman al-Hawwat (1747–1816), Moroccan historian * Mohammed al-Duayf (born 1752), Moroccan historian *

Abbasgulu Bakikhanov Abbasgulu agha Bakikhanov ( az, Abbasqulu ağa Bakıxanov) (21 June 1794, Amirjan – 31 May 1847, Wadi Fatima, near Jeddah), Abbas Qoli Bakikhanov, or Abbas-Qoli ibn Mirza Mohammad (Taghi) Khan Badkubi was an Azerbaijani writer, historian, journa ...

(1794–1847), history of

Azerbaijan Azerbaijan (, ; az, Azərbaycan ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, , also sometimes officially called the Azerbaijan Republic is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is a part of t ...

and the

Middle East The Middle East ( ar, الشرق الأوسط, ISO 233: ) is a geopolitical region commonly encompassing Arabia (including the Arabian Peninsula and Bahrain), Asia Minor (Asian part of Turkey except Hatay Province), East Thrace (Europ ...

George Grote George Grote (; 17 November 1794 – 18 June 1871) was an English political radical and classical historian. He is now best known for his major work, the voluminous ''History of Greece''. Early life George Grote was born at Clay Hill near B ...

(1794–1871), classical Greece * Teimuraz Bagrationi (1782–1846), history of Georgia and the Caucasus * Mohammed Akensus (1797–1877), Moroccan historian

Far East

* Qian Qianyi (銭謙益, 1582–1664, late Chinese

) * Zhang Tingyu (張廷玉, 1672–1755, Chinese

Qing dynasty The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-spea ...

) compiled the ''

History of Ming The ''History of Ming'' or the ''Ming History'' (''Míng Shǐ'') is one of the official Chinese historical works known as the ''Twenty-Four Histories''. It consists of 332 volumes and covers the history of the Ming dynasty from 1368 to 1644. It ...

''. *

Qian Daxin Qian Daxin (; 1728–1804) was a Qing dynasty scholar-official, historian, and linguist. He served as a commissioner of education and examinations in Guangdong Province.Qing dynasty The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-spea ...

) * Chang Hsüeh-ch'eng (章學誠, 1738–1801), Chinese historian, local histories and essays on historiography * Yu Deuk-gong (유득공, 1749–1807), Korean historian

Modern historians

Historians flourishing post-1815, born post-1770

In alphabetical order: * Lucy Aikin (1781–1864), English historical writer and biographer * Archibald Alison (1792–1867), English historian * Thomas Arnold (1795–1842), English historian and educator *

Thomas Carlyle Thomas Carlyle (4 December 17955 February 1881) was a Scottish essayist, historian and philosopher. A leading writer of the Victorian era, he exerted a profound influence on 19th-century art, literature and philosophy. Born in Ecclefechan, Dum ...

(1795–1881), French Revolution, Germany *

Simonas Daukantas Simonas Daukantas ( pl, Szymon Dowkont; 28 October 1793 – 6 December 1864) was a Lithuanian/Samogitian historian, writer, and ethnographer. One of the pioneers of the Lithuanian National Revival, he is credited as the author of the first book o ...

(1793–1864), Lithuanian *

Charles Dezobry Louis Charles Dezobry (4 March 1798 – 16 August 1871) was a 19th-century French historian and historical novelist, born at St-Denis. Works * ''Rome au siècle d'Auguste, ou Voyage d'un Gaulois à Rome à l'époque du règne d'Auguste et p ...

(1798–1871), French historian and historical novelist * John Colin Dunlop (c. 1785–1842), Scottish historian *

George Finlay George Finlay (21 December 1799 – 26 January 1875) was a Scottish historian. Biography Finlay was born in Faversham, Kent, where his Scottish father, Captain John Finlay FRS, an officer in the Royal Engineers, was inspector of government powd ...

(1799–1875), Greece *

Erik Gustaf Geijer Erik Gustaf Geijer (12 January 1783 – 23 April 1847) was a Swedish writer, historian, poet, romantic critic of political economy, philosopher, and composer. His writings served to promote Swedish National Romanticism. He was an influential ...

(1783–1847), Swedish nationalist historian * François Guizot (1787–1874), French historian of general French, English history * Henry Hallam (1777–1859), Medieval European history *

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (; ; 27 August 1770 – 14 November 1831) was a German philosopher. He is one of the most important figures in German idealism and one of the founding figures of modern Western philosophy. His influence extends ...

(1770–1831), German philosopher of history * Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767–1835), German historian and polymath * Joachim Lelewel (1786–1861), Polish historian * Heinrich Leo (1799–1878), Prussian historian *

John Lingard John Lingard (5 February 1771 – 17 July 1851) was an English Roman Catholic priest and historian, the author of ''The History of England, From the First Invasion by the Romans to the Accession of Henry VIII'', an eight-volume work published i ...

(1771–1851), England * Louis Gabriel Michaud (1773–1858), French * Jules Michelet (1798–1874), French *

François Mignet François Auguste Marie Mignet (, 8 May 1796 – 24 March 1884) was a French journalist and historian of the French Revolution. Biography He was born in Aix-en-Provence (Bouches-du-Rhône), France. His father was a locksmith from the Vendé ...

(1796–1884), French historian of the Revolution, Middle Ages *

Christian Molbech Christian Molbech (8 October 1783 – 23 June 1857) was a Danish historian, literary critic, writer, and theater director. He was a professor of literature at the University of Copenhagen and was the founding editor of ''Historisk Tidsskrift ...

(1783–1857), Danish history, founder of '' Historisk Tidsskrift'' (1839) * John Neal (1793–1876), US Revolutionary War and US literature *

Barthold Georg Niebuhr Barthold Georg Niebuhr (27 August 1776 – 2 January 1831) was a Danish–German statesman, banker, and historian who became Germany's leading historian of Ancient Rome and a founding father of modern scholarly historiography. By 1810 Niebuhr wa ...

(1776–1831), German historian * František Palacký (1798–1876), Czech * William H. Prescott (1796–1859), US historian of Spain, Mexico, Peru * Leopold von Ranke (1795–1886), European diplomacy; influential German historian * Adolphe Thiers (1797–1877), French historian of the Revolution, Empire * George Tucker (1775–1861), US history

Historians born in the 19th century

A

Lord Acton John Emerich Edward Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton, 13th Marquess of Groppoli, (10 January 1834 – 19 June 1902), better known as Lord Acton, was an English Catholic historian, politician, and writer. He is best remembered for the remark he w ...

(1834–1902), Europe * Henry Adams (1838–1918), US 1800–1816 * Lucia H. Faxon Additon (1847-1919), Oregon *

Grace Aguilar Grace Aguilar (2 June 1816 – 16 September 1847) was an English novelist, poet and writer on Jewish history and religion. Although she had been writing since childhood, much of her work was published posthumously. Among those are her best know ...

(1816–1847), Jewish history * Robert G. Albion (1896–1983), maritime * Charles McLean Andrews (1863–1943), US; US colonial history *

Marie Célestine Amélie d'Armaillé Marie Célestine Amélie d'Armaillé (née, de Ségur; known as the Comtesse d'Armaillé; 8 January 1830 – 7 December 1918) was a French writer, biographer, and historian. In 1887, she was a recipient of the Montyon Prize from the Académie Fran ...

(1830-1918), France * Alfred von Arneth (1819–1897), history of the

Austrian Empire The Austrian Empire (german: link=no, Kaiserthum Oesterreich, modern spelling , ) was a Central-Eastern European multinational great power from 1804 to 1867, created by proclamation out of the realms of the Habsburgs. During its existence ...

* Mikhail Artamonov (1898–1972), founder of

Khazar The Khazars ; he, כּוּזָרִים, Kūzārīm; la, Gazari, or ; zh, 突厥曷薩 ; 突厥可薩 ''Tūjué Kěsà'', () were a semi-nomadic Turkic people that in the late 6th-century CE established a major commercial empire coverin ...

studies * William Ashley (1860–1927), British economic history * Octave Aubry (1881–1946) *

François Victor Alphonse Aulard François Victor Alphonse Aulard (19 July 1849 – 23 October 1928) was the first professional French historian of the French Revolution and of Napoleon. His major achievement was to institutionalise and professionalise the practice of history i ...

(1849–1928),

French Revolution The French Revolution ( ) was a period of radical political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in coup of 18 Brumaire, November 1799. Many of its ...

and

Napoleon I Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader who ...

* Zurab Avalishvili (1876–1944), history of

Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States Georgia may also refer to: Places Historical states and entities * Related to the ...

and the

Caucasus The Caucasus () or Caucasia (), is a region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, mainly comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia (country), Georgia, and parts of Southern Russia. The Caucasus Mountains, including the Greater Caucasus range ...

B

* Jacques Bainville (1879–1936), France *

George Bancroft George Bancroft (October 3, 1800 – January 17, 1891) was an American historian, statesman and Democratic politician who was prominent in promoting secondary education both in his home state of Massachusetts and at the national and internati ...

(1800–1891), US to 1789 *

Hubert Howe Bancroft Hubert Howe Bancroft (May 5, 1832 – March 2, 1918) was an American historian and ethnologist who wrote, published and collected works concerning the western United States, Texas, California, Alaska, Mexico, Central America and British Columbi ...

(1832–1918), Native Americans and the Western United States * R. Mildred Barker (1897–1990), Shakers, religion *

Harry Elmer Barnes Harry Elmer Barnes (June 15, 1889 – August 25, 1968) was an American historian who, in his later years, was known for his historical revisionism and Holocaust denial. After receiving a PhD at Columbia University in 1918 Barnes became a prof ...

(1889–1968), World War I; ideas *

Wilhelm Barthold Vasily Vladimirovich Bartold (russian: Васи́лий Влади́мирович Барто́льд.; 1869–1930), who published in the West under his German baptism name, Wilhelm Barthold, was a Russian orientalist who specialized in the his ...

(1869–1930), Muslim and Turkic studies *

Charles Bean Charles Edwin Woodrow Bean (18 November 1879 – 30 August 1968), usually identified as C. E. W. Bean, was Australia's official war correspondent, subsequently its official war historian, who wrote six volumes and edited the remaining six of ...

(1879–1968), Australia in World War I * Charles A. Beard (1874–1948), US, economic interpretation, historiography *

Mary Ritter Beard Mary Ritter Beard (August 5, 1876 – August 14, 1958) was an American historian, author, women's suffrage activist, and women's history archivist who was also a lifelong advocate of social justice. As a Progressive Era reformer, Beard was ...

(1876–1958), US, women's history * Carl L. Becker (1873–1945), Enlightenment * Winthrop Pickard Bell (1884–1965), Nova Scotia *

Hilaire Belloc Joseph Hilaire Pierre René Belloc (, ; 27 July 187016 July 1953) was a Franco-English writer and historian of the early twentieth century. Belloc was also an orator, poet, sailor, satirist, writer of letters, soldier, and political activist. H ...

(1870–1953), Europe * Ella A. Bigelow (1849–1917), Massachusetts, U.S. * Marc Bloch (1886–1944), medieval France; Annales School * Herbert Eugene Bolton (1870–1953), Spanish-US borderlands *

Erich Brandenburg Arnold Otto Erich Brandenburg (31 July 1868 in Stralsund – 22 January 1946 in Leipzig) was a German historian. His main work ''Die Reichsgründung'' ("The Founding of the Reich", 2 vols. plus 1 vol. with documents) covers the origins of the mod ...

(1868–1946), Modern Germany * George Williams Brown (1894–1963), Canada * Otto Brunner (1898–1982), medieval and early modern Austria *

Geoffrey Bruun Geoffrey Bruun (20 October 1898 – 13 July 1988) was a historian and biographer who taught at New York University from 1927 until 1941. He was born in Montreal, Quebec and received a bachelor's degree from the University of British Columbia, and ...

(1899–1988), Europe *

Arthur Bryant Sir Arthur Wynne Morgan Bryant, (18 February 1899 – 22 January 1985) was an English historian, columnist for ''The Illustrated London News'' and man of affairs. His books included studies of Samuel Pepys, accounts of English eighteenth- and n ...

(1888–1985), Pepys; English warfare * James Bryce, (1838-1922), Europe, America, Middle East * Henry Thomas Buckle (1821–1862), England, ''History of Civilization'' * Jacob Burckhardt (1818–1897), art history, Europe, Renaissance *

John Hill Burton John Hill Burton FRSE (22 August 1809 – 10 August 1881) was a Scottish advocate, historian and economist. The author of ''Life and Correspondence of David Hume'', he was secretary of the Scottish Prison Board (1854–77), and Historiograph ...

(1809–1881), Scottish Jacobin history * J. B. Bury (1861–1927), classical, Europe

C

Helen Cam Helen Maud Cam, , FRHistS (22 August 1885 – 9 February 1968) was an English historian of the Middle Ages Life and career Cam was born at Abingdon, Berkshire (now Oxfordshire). Educated at home by her father William Herbert Cam, the headma ...

(1885–1968), English medieval * Pierre Caron (1875–1952), French revolution * E. H. Carr (1892–1982), Soviet history, methodology * Henri Raymond Casgrain (1831–1904), French Canada * Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1828–1897), Spanish historian * Américo Castro (1885–1972), Spanish identity *

Bruce Catton Charles Bruce Catton (October 9, 1899 – August 28, 1978) was an American historian and journalist, known best for his books concerning the American Civil War. Known as a narrative historian, Catton specialized in popular history, featuring in ...

(1899–1978), American Civil War * Cesar de Bazancourt (1810–1865), Crimean War * Nirad C. Chaudhuri (1897–1999), India *

Boris Chicherin Boris Nikolayevich Chicherin (russian: Бори́с Никола́евич Чиче́рин) ( 1828 – 1904) was a Russian jurist and political philosopher, who worked out a theory that Russia needed a strong, authoritative government to perseve ...

(1828–1904), Russian historian, history of Russian law * Hiram M. Chittenden (1858–1917), US West, fur trade *

Winston Churchill Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British statesman, soldier, and writer who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom twice, from 1940 to 1945 during the Second World War, and again from ...

(1874–1965), world wars, British Empire * Augustin Cochin (1876–1916), French Revolution * Stephen F. Cohen (1938–2020), Russia * R. G. Collingwood (1889–1943), philosophy of history *

Julian Corbett Sir Julian Stafford Corbett (12 November 1854 at Walcot House, Kennington Road, Lambeth – 21 September 1922 at Manor Farm, Stopham, Pulborough, Sussex) was a prominent British naval historian and geostrategist of the late 19th and e ...

(1854–1922), British naval *

Vladimir Ćorović Vladimir Ćorović ( sr-cyrl, Владимир Ћоровић; 27 October 1885 – 12 April 1941) was a Serbian historian, university professor, author, and academic. His bibliography consists of more than 1000 works. Several of his books on the ...

(1885–1941), Serbia * Avery Craven (1885–1980), US South * Edward Shepherd Creasy (1812–1878), warfare * Benedetto Croce (1866–1952), historiography * Margaret Campbell Speke Cruwys (1894–1968), Devon * John Shelton Curtiss (1899–1983), Soviet Union

D

Felix Dahn Felix Dahn (9 February 1834 – 3 January 1912) was a German law professor, German nationalist author, poet and historian. Biography Ludwig Julius Sophus Felix Dahn was born in Hamburg as the oldest son of Friedrich (1811–1889) and Constanze ...

(1834–1912), medieval *

Angie Debo Angie Elbertha Debo (January 30, 1890 – February 21, 1988),

(1890–1988), Native American and Oklahoma history * Léopold Delisle (1826–1910), French historian and librarian *

Bernard DeVoto Bernard Augustine DeVoto (January 11, 1897 – November 13, 1955) was an American historian, conservationist, essayist, columnist, teacher, editor, and reviewer. He was the author of a series of Pulitzer-Prize-winning popular histories of the Ame ...

(1897–1955), US West * Margarita Diez-Colunje y Pombo (1838–1919), Colombia * William Dodd (1869–1940), US South * David C. Douglas (1898–1982), Norman England *

Johann Gustav Droysen Johann Gustav Bernhard Droysen (; ; 6 July 180819 June 1884) was a German historian. His history of Alexander the Great was the first work representing a new school of German historical thought that idealized power held by so-called "great" men. ...

(1808–1884), German history * Sir George Dunbar (1878–1962), India *

Ariel Durant Ariel Durant (; May 10, 1898 – October 25, 1981) was a Russian-born American researcher and writer. She was the coauthor of '' The Story of Civilization'' with her husband, Will Durant. They were awarded the Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fi ...

(1898–1981), Europe *

Will Durant William James Durant (; November 5, 1885 – November 7, 1981) was an American writer, historian, and philosopher. He became best known for his work '' The Story of Civilization'', which contains 11 volumes and details the history of eastern a ...

(1885–1981), Europe

E

Norbert Elias Norbert Elias (; 22 June 1897 – 1 August 1990) was a German sociologist who later became a British citizen. He is especially famous for his theory of civilizing/decivilizing processes. Biography Elias was born on 22 June 1897 in Bresla ...

(1897–1990), process of civilization * Ephraim Emerton (1851–1935), medieval Europe *

Friedrich Engels Friedrich Engels ( ,"Engels"
'' Cyril Falls (1888–1971), military, world wars * Lucien Febvre (1878–1956), France * Keith Feiling (1884–1977), England, conservatism * Herbert Feis (1893–1972), World War II diplomacy, international finance * Charles Harding Firth (1857–1936), 17th-century England * Herbert A. L. Fisher (1865–1940) * Walter Lynwood Fleming (1874–1932), US reconstruction * Vilmos Fraknói (27 February 1843 – 20 November 1924), a Hungarian historian and expert in Hungarian ecclesiastical history e. g. Popes and Hungarian kings diplomatic relations *Edward Augustus Freeman (1823–1892), English politics *Egon Friedell (1878–1938), cultural history of the modern age *James Anthony Froude (1818–1894), Tudor England *J. F. C. Fuller (1878–1966), military *Frantz Funck-Brentano (1862–1947), France *John Sydenham Furnivall (1878–1960), Burma, Southeast Asia *Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges (1830–1889), antiquity, France

G

*François-Louis Ganshof (1895–1980), medieval history *Samuel Rawson Gardiner (1829–1902), 17th-century England *Alice Gardner (1854–1927), ancient history *Luise Gerbing (1855–1927), history of Thuringia *Pieter Geyl (1887–1966), Dutch *Lawrence Henry Gipson (1882–1970), British Empire before 1775 *Arthur Giry (1848–1899), diplomacy *Gustave Glotz (1862–1935), Ancient Greece *George Peabody Gooch (1873–1968), modern diplomacy *Antonio Gramsci (1891–1937), political history *Timofey Granovsky (1813–1855), medieval Germany *Elizabeth Caroline Gray (1800–1887), Etruscan civilization, Etruscan history *John Richard Green (1837–1883), English *Mary Anne Everett Green (1818–1895), English *Arthur Griffiths (author), Arthur Griffiths (1838–1908), military history *Lionel Groulx (1878–1967), Quebec *René Grousset (1885–1952), Oriental history

H

*Élie Halévy (1870–1937), modern Britain *Louis Halphen (1880–1950), Middle Ages *Clarence H. Haring (1885–1960), Latin American history *B. H. Liddell Hart (1895–1970), military *Charles H. Haskins (1870–1937), medieval *Henri Hauser (1866–1946), French historian, economist, geographer *Julien Havet (1853–1893), Middle Ages *Paul Hazard (1878–1944), modern France *Eli Heckscher (1879–1954), Swedish economic historian *Auguste Himly (1823–1906), French historian and geographer * Otto Hintze (1861–1940), Germany *Mihály Horváth (1809–1878), Hungary *Henry Hoyle Howorth (1842–1923), British historian and geologist *Mykhailo Hrushevsky (1866–1934), Ukrainian historian *Johan Huizinga (1872–1945), Dutch historian, author of ''Waning of the Middle Ages''

I

*Ibn Zaydan (1873–1946), Moroccan historian *Dmitry Ilovaisky (1832–1920), Russian history *Marilla Baker Ingalls (US, 1828–1902), Burmese missionary and historian *Harold Innis (1894–1952), Canadian economic history

J

*Mohammed ibn Jaafar al-Kattani (1858–1927), Moroccan *Muhammad Jaber (1875–1945), history of the Levant and the Middle-East *William James (naval historian), William James (1780–1827), historian of the Royal Navy during the Napoleonic Wars *Ivane Javakhishvili (1876–1940), Georgia (country), Georgian historian *Arthur Johnson (historian), Arthur Johnson (1845–1927), historian at Oxford University *Ellen Jørgensen (historian), Ellen Jørgensen (1877–1948), Danish historian and historiographer

K

*Samuel Kamakau (1815–1876), Hawaiian historian *Konstantin Kavelin (1818–1885), Russian historian, history of Russian laws *François Christophe Edmond de Kellermann (1802–1868), French political historian *Hans Kelsen (1881–1973), legal *P. M. C. Kermode, Philip Moore Callow Kermode (1855–1932), Isle of Man, Manx crosses and runic inscriptions *Alexander William Kinglake (1809–1891), works on the Crimean War *William Kingsford (1819–1898), Canadian *Vasily Klyuchevsky (1841–1911), Russian history *David Knowles (scholar), David Knowles (1896–1974), English medieval *Lilian Knowles (1870–1926), English economic historian *Dudley Wright Knox (1877–1960), US naval historian *Ludwig von Köchel (1800–1877), writer, botanist and music historian *Mihail Kogălniceanu (1817–1891), Romanian *Hans Kohn (1891–1971), European nationalism *Nikodim Kondakov (1844–1925), Byzantine art *Mehmet Fuat Köprülü, Mehmet Fuad Köprülü (1890–1966), Turkish historian *Nikolay Kostomarov (1817–1885), Russian and Ukrainian history *Peter Kropotkin (1842–1921), economics, sociology and political history *Godefroid Kurth (1847–1916), Belgian historian

L

*Leonard Woods Labaree (1897–1980), editor of the Benjamin Franklin papers *Harold Lamb (1892–1962), US *Karl Lamprecht (1856–1915), German art and economic history *William L. Langer (1896–1977), US historian, world and diplomatic history *John Knox Laughton (1830–1915), British naval historian *Ernest Lavisse (1842–1922), French history *William Edward Hartpole Lecky (1838–1903), England and Ireland *Georges Lefebvre (1874–1959), French Revolution *Elisabeth Lemke (1849–1925) German history *Anna Lewis (1885–1961), South-western US *Liang Qichao (梁啓超, 1873–1929), Chinese and Western history and historiography *John Edward Lloyd (1861–1947), Welshness *Ferdinand Lot (1866–1952), Middle Ages *Arthur Oncken Lovejoy (1873–1962), intellectual history *Arthur R. M. Lower (1889–1988), Canadian *György Lukács (1885–1971), history of literature, art history and philosophy of history

M

*Thomas Macaulay (1800–1859), British *R. B. McCallum (1898–1973) British *J. D. Mackie (1887–1978), Scottish *William Archibald Mackintosh (1895–1970), Canadian economic *Alfred Thayer Mahan (1840–1914), naval *Frederic William Maitland (1850–1906), English legal, medieval *Ramesh Chandra Majumdar (1888–1980), Indian history *John Marriott (British politician), J. A. R. Marriott (1859–1945), modern Britain and Europe *Karl Marx (1818–1883), European society and economy *Albert Mathiez (1874–1932), French Revolution *Franz Mehring (1846–1919), political history, history of philosophy *Friedrich Meinecke (1862–1954), German intellectual and cultural *Krste Misirkov (1874–1926), Macedonian historian and author *Auguste Molinier (1851–1904), Middle Ages *Theodor Mommsen (1817–1903), Roman Empire *Alfred Morel-Fatio (1850–1924), Spain *Samuel Eliot Morison (1887–1976), naval, American colonial *John Lothrop Motley (1814–1877), the Netherlands *Lewis Mumford (1895–1988), cities

N

*Lewis Bernstein Namier (1888–1960), 18th-century British and 20th-century diplomatic history *Ahmad ibn Khalid al-Nasiri (1835–1897), Moroccan *J. E. Neale (1890–1975), Elizabethan England *Allan Nevins (1890–1971), US political and business; Civil War; biography *A. P. Newton (1873–1942), British Empire *Stojan Novaković (1842–1915), Serbian

O

*Charles Oman (1860–1946), 19th-century military *Herbert L. Osgood (1855–1918), American colonial

P

*K. M. Panikkar (1895–1963), Indian historian *Cesare Paoli (1840–1902), Italian history *Gaston Paris (1839–1903), Middle Ages *Jane Marsh Parker (1836-1913), US history *Francis Parkman (1823–1893), colonial North America *Herbert Paul (1853–1935), 19th-century UK *Henry Francis Pelham (1846–1907), Roman *Samuel W. Pennypacker (1843–1916), Pennsylvania history *Dexter Perkins (1889–1984), US history *Ivy Pinchbeck (1898–1982), English women and children *Henri Pirenne (1862–1935), Belgian and medieval European history *Sergey Platonov (1860–1933), Russian *Mikhail Pokrovsky (1868–1932), economics and Soviet history *Albert Pollard (1869–1948), Tudor England *Delia Lyman Porter (1858-1933), US history *Datto Vaman Potdar (1890–1979), Indian historian *Eileen Power (1889–1940), Middle Ages *F. M. Powicke (1879–1963, English medieval *H. F. M. Prescott (1896–1972), biographer of Mary I of England and medieval History

Q

*Jules Etienne Joseph Quicherat, Jules Quicherat (1814–1882), Middle Ages

R

*William Pember Reeves (1857–1932), New Zealand *Pierre Renouvin (1893–1974), diplomatic historian *Herbert Richmond (1871–1946), British naval *James Riker (1822–1889), New York *B. H. Roberts (1857–1933), Mormon *James Harvey Robinson (1863–1936), European *Theodore Roosevelt (1858–1919), US west and naval history *John Holland Rose (1855–1942), modern Europe, Britain and France *Michael Rostovtzeff (1870–1952), ancient history *Hans Rothfels (1891–1976), modern German *Simon Rutar (1851–1903), Slovenian *Ilarion Ruvarac (1832–1905), Serbian

S

*Abram L. Sachar (1899–1993), modern European history *Govind Sakharam Sardesai (1865–1959), Indian *Salamon Ferenc (1825–1892), Ottoman Hungary *Richard G. Salomon (1884–1966), medieval and church *Jadunath Sarkar (1870–1958), history of India *George Sarton (1884–1956), history of science *Gustave Schlumberger (1844–1929), French *Otto Seeck (1850–1921), German *John Robert Seeley (1834–1895), British Empire *J. Salwyn Schapiro (1879–1973), fascism *Arthur Schlesinger, Sr. (1888–1965) US social history *W. C. Sellar (1898–1951), co-author of ''1066 and All That'' *Shin Chaeho (신채호, 1880–1936), Korean *Adam Shortt (1859–1931), Canadian *Charlotte Fell Smith (1851–1937), English early modern *Goldwin Smith (1823–1910), British and Canadian *Justin Harvey Smith (1857–1930), Mexican–American War *Sergey Solovyov (historian), Sergey Solovyov (1820–1879), Russian historian *Oswald Spengler (1880–1936), world; ''The Decline of the West'' *Stanoje Stanojević (1874–1937), Serbia *Wickham Steed (1871–1956), Eastern Europe *Frank Stenton (1880–1967), English medieval *Doris Mary Stenton (1894–1971), English medieval *Floyd Benjamin Streeter (1888–1956), Kansas, American West *William Stubbs (1825–1902), English law *László Szalay (1813–1864) Hungarian historian

T

*Hippolyte Taine (1828–1893), French Revolution *Frank Bigelow Tarbell (1853–1920), ancient art history *Yevgeny Tarle (1874–1955), Russian historian *A. Wyatt Tilby (1880–1948), Britain, ''The English People Overseas'' *Alexis de Tocqueville (1805–1859), France *Zeki Velidi Togan (1890–1970), Turkic history *Zacharias Topelius (1818–1898) *Thomas Frederick Tout (1855–1929), England *Arnold J. Toynbee (1889–1975), world history, ''A Study of History'' *Heinrich Gotthard von Treitschke (1834–1896), German historian and nationalist *George Macaulay Trevelyan (1876–1962), British *Mikheil Tsereteli (1878–1965), Georgia (country), Georgian historian *Frederick Jackson Turner (1861–1932), US frontier

U

*Frank Underhill (1889–1971), Canadian

V

*Alfred Vagts, (1892–1986), Germany, military *Paul Vinogradoff (1854–1925), medieval England

W

*Annie Russell Wall (1835-1920), English historian *Spencer Walpole (1839–1907), English historian *Charles Webster (historian), Charles Webster (1886–1961), British diplomatic history *Curt Weibull (1886–1991), Swedish historian *Lauritz Weibull (1873–1960), Swedish historian *Spenser Wilkinson (1853–1937), Britain, military historian *Mary Wilhelmine Williams (1878–1944), Latin America *James Williamson (historian), James A. Williamson (1886–1964), Britain, maritime historian and historian of exploration *Esmé Cecil Wingfield-Stratford (1882–1971), England *Justin Winsor (1831–1897), America, ''Narrative and Critical History of America'' *Carl Frederick Wittke (1892–1971), US ethnics *Ernest Llewellyn Woodward (1890–1971), British history and international relations *Muriel Hazel Wright (1889–1975), Oklahoma, Native Americans *George MacKinnon Wrong (1860–1948), Canadian

Y

*Yi Byeongdo (이병도, 1896–1989), Korea

Z

*Nicolas Zafra (1892–1979), Philippines *Johann Kaspar Zeuss (1806–1856), Celts *Faddei Zielinski (1859–1944), ancient Greece

Historians born in the 20th century

A

*Raouf Abbas (1939–2008), Egyptian *Irving Abella (born 1940), Canadian *Aberjhani (born 1957), African American, Harlem Renaissance, Literary *David Abulafia (born 1949), Mediterranean *Ezequiel Adamovsky (born 1971), Argentina *Donald Adamson (born 1939), Britain *Teodoro Agoncillo (1912–1985), Philippines *Donald Akenson (born 1941), Irish *Dean C. Allard (1933–2018), US naval *Robert C. Allen (born 1947), British economy *Gar Alperovitz (born 1936), America, Hiroshima *Ida Altman (born 1950), America, colonial Spain and Latin America *Mor Altshuler (born 1957), Hasidism, Kabbalism, and Jewish messianism *Abbas Amanat (born 1947) Iran, America *Stephen Ambrose (1936–2002), World War II, U.S. political *Henri Amouroux (1920–2007), French, Nazi occupation of France *Perry Anderson (born 1938), British and European *Joyce Appleby (1929–2016), U.S. early national *Herbert Aptheker (1915–2003), African-American *Leonie Archer (born 1955), England *Philippe Ariès (1914–1984), French medieval, childhood *Karen Armstrong (born 1944), British religious *Andrea Aromatico (born 1966), Italian esotericism and Hermetic iconography *Leonard J. Arrington (1917–1999), America, Mormons *Thomas Asbridge (born 1969), Crusades *Maurice Ashley (historian), Maurice Ashley (1907–1994), 17th-century England *Paul Avrich (1931–2006), Russian, the Anarchist movement *Gerald Aylmer (1926–2000), 17th-century England *Ali Azaykou (1942–2004), Moroccan *Eiichiro Azuma (born 1966), US, Japan

B

*Nigel Bagnall (1927–2002), Ancient Rome, Greece *Bernard Bailyn (1922–2020), early America; Atlantic *David E. Barclay (born 1948), German *Juliet Barker (born 1958), late Middle Ages, literary biography *Frank Barlow (historian), Frank Barlow (1911–2009), medieval biography *Linda Diane Barnes (living), US *Geoffrey Barraclough (1908–1984), Germany, world *G.W.S. Barrow (1924–2013), Scotland *H. Arnold Barton (1929–2016), Scandinavia *Paul R. Bartrop (born 1955), Holocaust, genocide *Jacques Barzun (1907–2012), cultural *Jorge Basadre (1903–1980), Peru *Hanna Batatu (1926–2000), Palestinian, modern Iraq *K. Jack Bauer (1926–1987), U.S. naval, military, and maritime *Yehuda Bauer (born 1926), Holocaust *Stephen B. Baxter (living), late 17th – early 18th-century English *David Bebbington (born 1949), Evangelicalism *Antony Beevor (born 1946), World War II *David Bell (historian), David Bell (living), Early Modern France, cultural history *James Belich (historian), James Belich (born 1956), New Zealand *Abdelmajid Benjelloun (historian), Abdelmajid Benjelloun (born 1944), Morocco *Laurence Bergreen (born 1950), biography *Isaiah Berlin (1909–1997), ideas *Michael Beschloss (born 1955), Cold War *Juliette Bessis, (1925–2017), Tunisia *Nicholas Bethell (1938–2007), Soviet *Robert Bickers (born 1964), modern China and colonialism *Anthony Birley (1937–2020), Ancient Rome *David Blackbourn (born 1949), German *Geoffrey Blainey (born 1930), Australian *Lesley Blanch (1904–2007), English *Gisela Bock (born 1942), German feminist *Brian Bond (born 1936), British military *Chrystelle Trump Bond (1938–2020), US dance historian *Daniel J. Boorstin (1914–2004), US *Georges Bordonove (1920–2007), France *John Boswell (1947–1994), medievalist *Robert Bothwell (born 1944), Canada *Gérard Bouchard (born 1943), Canada *Joanna Bourke (born 1963), military *Paul S. Boyer (1935–2012), US morality *Karl Dietrich Bracher (1922–2016), modern German *Jim Bradbury (born 1937), Middle Ages *James C. Bradford (born 1944), US naval *David Brading (born 1936), Mexican history *William Brandon (author), William Brandon (1914–2002), American West *Fernand Braudel (1902–1985), world, Mediterranean *Ahron Bregman (born 1958), Arab-Israeli conflict *Carl Bridenbaugh (1903–1992), American colonial *Asa Briggs (1921–2016), British social history *Alan Brinkley (1949–2019), American 1930s *David Brody (historian), David Brody (born 1930), American labor *Timothy Brook (historian), Timothy Brook (born 1951), China *Martin Broszat (1926–1989), Nazi Germany *Gregory S. Brown (living), Early Modern French History, Cultural History *Peter Brown (historian), Peter Brown (born 1935), medieval *Christopher Browning (born 1944), Holocaust *Sérgio Buarque de Holanda (1902–1982), Brazil *Alan Bullock (1914–2004), 1940s, Hitler studies *Peter Burke (historian), Peter Burke (born 1937), modern period, cultural history *Michael Burlingame (historian), Michael Burlingame (born 1941), Abraham Lincoln *Briton C. Busch (1936–2004), British diplomatic and US maritime *Richard Bushman (born 1931), US colonial and Mormon *Jon Butler (born 1940), US religion *Herbert Butterfield (1900–1979), historiography

C

*Angus Calder (1942–2008), Second World War *Philip L. Cantelon (born 1940), United States *Julio Caro Baroja (1914–1995), anthropologist *Sir Raymond Carr (1919–2015), Spain and Latin America *Richard Carrier (born 1969), ancient Rome; history of philosophy, science and religion *Paul Cartledge (born 1947), classicist *Lionel Casson (1914–2009), classicist *Borivoj Celovsky, Boris Celovsky (1923–2008), Czech-German relations *David G. Chandler (1934–2004), British historian specializing in Napoleonic history *Bipan Chandra (1928–2014), modern India *Iris Chang (이병도, 1968–2004), China *Howard I. Chapelle (1901–1975), maritime *Maher Charif (living), Arabic intellectual history and political movements *Louis Chevalier (historian), Louis Chevalier (1911–2001), France *Alexander Campbell Cheyne (1924–2006), Scotland *Thomas Childers (born 1976), war and society, both world wars *Satyabrata Rai Chowdhuri (1935–2016), India *I. R. Christie (1919–1998), Britain *Robert M. Citino (born 1958), US military historian of Europe *Alan Clark (1928–1999), both world wars *Chris Clark (historian), Christopher Clark (born 1960), Prussia *J.C.D. Clark (born 1951), British *Manning Clark (1915–1991), Australia *Oliver Edmund Clubb (1901–1989), China *Yolande Cohen (born 1950), youth, women, Moroccan Jews *Patrick Collinson (1929–2011), Elizabethan England and Puritanism *Robert Conquest (1917–2015), Russia *Margaret Conrad (born 1946), Canada *John M. Cooper (historian), John Milton Cooper (born 1940), Woodrow Wilson *Peter Cottrell (born 1964), Anglo-Irish *Gordon A. Craig (1913–2005), German and diplomatic *Donald Creighton (1902–1979), Canadian *Vincent Cronin (1924–2011), European and art history *William Cronon (born 1954), US environmental *Pamela Kyle Crossley (born 1955), China *Roger Crowley (born 1951), Mediterranean Sea; Portuguese empire *Dan Cruickshank (born 1949), Britain, architecture *Robert M. Crunden (1940–1999), US cultural *Gemma Cruz Araneta, Gemma Cruz (born 1943), José Rizal, Rizaliana, Philippines *Barry Cunliffe (born 1939), archaeology

D

*Vahakn N. Dadrian (1926–2019), Armenia *Robert Dallek (born 1934), 20th-century US presidents *William Dalrymple (historian), William Dalrymple (born 1965), Scottish *David B. Danbom (born 1947), US rural *Ahmad Hasan Dani (1920–2009), South Asia *Robert Darnton (born 1939), 18th-century France *Saul David (born 1966), military *John Davies (historian), John Davies (1938–2015), Wales *Norman Davies (born 1939), Poland, Britain *Kenneth S. Davis (1912–1999), Franklin D. Roosevelt *Natalie Zemon Davis (born 1928), early modern France, film *Ralph Henry Carless Davis, R. H. C. Davis (1918–1991), Middle Ages *Lucy Dawidowicz (1915–1990), Holocaust *David Day (historian), David Day (born 1949), Australia *Renzo De Felice (1929–1996), Italian fascism *Carl N. Degler (1921–2014), US *Len Deighton (born 1929), British military *Esther Delisle (born 1954), French-Canadian *Jean Delumeau (1923–2020), Catholic Church *Marcel Detienne (1935–2019), ancient Greece *Alexandre Deulofeu (1903–1978), Catalan *Isaac Deutscher (1907–1967), Soviet *Wu Di (film critic and historian), Wu Di (吴迪, born 1951), China *Igor M. Diakonov (1914–1999), Ancient Near East *David Herbert Donald (1920–2009), American Civil War *Gordon Donaldson (1913–1993), Scotland *Susan Doran (living), Elizabethan England *William Doyle (historian), William Doyle (born 1932), French Revolution *Georges Duby (1924–1996), Middle Ages *William S. Dudley (born 1936), US naval *Robert Dudley Edwards (1909–1988), Ireland *Eamon Duffy (born 1947), 15th–17th-century religious *Hermann von der Dunk, Hermann Walther von der Dunk (1928–2018), 20th-century Dutch and German *Mary Maples Dunn (1931–2017), early American, women's history *Richard Slator Dunn (1928–2022), early American, slavery *A. Hunter Dupree (1921–2019), US science and technology *Trevor Dupuy (1916–1995), military *Jean-Baptiste Duroselle (1917–1994), French diplomacy *Harold James Dyos (1921–1978), British urban

E

*Elizabeth Eisenstein (1923–2016), French Revolution, printing *Geoff Eley (born 1949), German *John Elliott (historian), John Elliott (1930–2022), Spanish *Joseph J. Ellis (born 1943), early US *Geoffrey Elton (1921–1994), Tudor England *Peter Englund (born 1957), Sweden *Robert Malcolm Errington (born 1939), Britain *Richard J. Evans (born 1947), German social *Alf Evers (1905–2004), America

F

*Esther Farbstein (born 1946), Israeli, Holocaust *Grahame Farr (1912–1983), maritime, south-west England *Brian Farrell (broadcaster), Brian Farrell (1929–2014), Ireland *Boris Fausto (born 1930), Brazil *John Lister Illingworth Fennell (1918–1992), medieval Russia *Niall Ferguson (born 1964), military, business, imperial *Božidar Ferjančić (1929–1998), medieval *Robert H. Ferrell (1921–2018), US history, US presidency, World War I, US foreign policy and diplomacy, Harry S. Truman *Marc Ferro (1924–2021), World War I *Joachim Fest (1926–2006), Nazi Germany *David Feuerwerker (1912–1980), Jewish *Heinrich Fichtenau (1912–2000), medieval, diplomacy *David Kenneth Fieldhouse (1925–2018), British Empire *Orlando Figes (born 1957), Russian *Robert O. Fink (1905–1988), classical *Moses Finley (1912–1986), ancient, especially economic *David Hackett Fischer (born 1935), American Revolution, cycles *Fritz Fischer (historian), Fritz Fischer (1908–1999), Germany *Frances FitzGerald (journalist), Frances FitzGerald (born 1940), Vietnam, history textbooks *Judith Flanders (born 1959), Victorian British social *Robin Fleming (born 1950s), medieval Britain *Robert Fogel (1926–2013), US economic, cliometrics *Eric Foner (born 1943), Reconstruction *Shelby Foote (1916–2005), American Civil War *Amanda Foreman (historian), Amanda Foreman (born 1968), Georgian England, American Civil War, women's history *Michel Foucault (1926–1984), ideas *Jo Fox (living), 20th-century film and propaganda *Robin Lane Fox (born 1946), ancient *Stephen Fox (author/educator), Stephen Fox (born 1938), US in World War II *Elizabeth Fox-Genovese (1941–2007), US South, cultural and social, women *Walter Frank (1905–1945), Nazi historian *H. Bruce Franklin (born 1934), Vietnam War *Antonia Fraser (born 1932), England *Frank Freidel (1916–1993), Franklin Roosevelt *Joseph Friedenson (1922–2013), Holocaust *Henry Friedlander (1930–2012), Holocaust *Saul Friedländer (born 1932), Holocaust *Sheppard Frere (1916–2015), anthropologist, Roman Empire *David Fromkin (1932–2017), Middle East *Francis Fukuyama (born 1955), world *Bruno Fuligni (born 1968), French history *François Furet (1927–1997), French Revolution *Halima Ferhat (born 1941), Middle Ages of the Maghreb

G

*Femme Gaastra (born 1945), Dutch *John Lewis Gaddis (born 1941), Cold War *Lloyd Gardner (born 1934), US diplomatic *Delphine Gardey (born 1967, gender and science *Edwin Gaustad (1923–2011), religion in America *Peter Gay (1923–2015), psycho-history, Enlightenment and 19th-century social *Eugene Genovese (1930–2012), US South, slavery *Imanuel Geiss (1931–2012), 19th/20th-century Germany *François Géré (born 1950), military *Christian Gerlach (born 1963), Holocaust *N.H. Gibbs (1910–1990), military *William Gibson (historian), William Gibson (born 1959), ecclesiastical history *Martin Gilbert (1936–2015), Holocaust *Carlo Ginzburg (born 1939), social history *Jan Glete (1947–2009), Swedish *Eric F. Goldman (1916–1989), 20th-century US *James Goldrick (born 1958), Australian *Adrian Goldsworthy (born 1969), ancient history *David Hamilton Golland (born 1971), 20th-century US civil rights, public policy, labor *Guillermo Gómez Rivera, Guillermo Gómez (born 1936), Philippine history *Brison D. Gooch (1925–2014), 19th century Europe *Doris Kearns Goodwin (born 1943), US presidential *Andrew Gordon (naval historian), Andrew Gordon (born 1951), British naval history *Svetlana Gorshenina (born 1969), Central Asian history * Lewis L. Gould (born 1939), US presidents and First Ladies *Gerald S. Graham (1903–1988), British imperial *Jack Granatstein (born 1939), Canada *Michael Grant (classicist), Michael Grant (1914–2004), ancient *Abigail Green British historian of modern Europe *Peter Green (historian), Peter Green (born 1924), ancient *Rev. Vivian Green, Vivian H.H. Green (1915–2005), Christianity *John Robert Greene (born 1955), US presidency *Roger D. Griffin (born 1948), fascism, political and religious fanaticism *Ramchandra Guha, Ramachandra Guha (born 1958), India, environment *Ranajit Guha (born 1923), Indian *Lev Gumilyov (1912–1992), Soviet *Oliver Gurney (1911–2001), Assyria, Hittites *John Guy (historian), John Guy (born 1949), Tudor England

H

*Irfan Habib (born 1931), India *Sheldon Hackney (1933–2013), US South *Kenneth J. Hagan (born 1936), US naval *John Whitney Hall (1916–1997), Japan *Bruce Barrymore Halpenny (1937–2015), World War II air war *N. G. L. Hammond (1907–2001), ancient Greek history *Victor Davis Hanson (born 1953), ancient warfare *Syed Nomanul Haq (born 1948), history and philosophy of science *Yuval Noah Harari (born 1976), Israeli, military, Medieval, prehistorical *Antoinette Harrell (born 1960), post-slavery peonage of African-American sharecroppers *Dick Harrison (born 1966), Swedish and Medieval *Peter Harrison (historian), Peter Harrison (born 1955), early modern intellectual *Max Hastings (born 1945), military, WWII *John Hattendorf (born 1941), maritime *Ragnhild Hatton (1913–1995), 17th–18th-century European international *Denys Hay (1915–1994), medieval and Renaissance Europe *John Daniel Hayes (1902–1991), US naval *Peter Hayes (historian), Peter Hayes (born c. 1947), Holocaust *Joel Hayward (born 1964), Islamic, maritime, military *Ingo Heidbrink (born 1968), maritime history, history of technology *Klaus Hentschel (born 1961), historian of science and of visual cultures *Ulrich Herbert (born 1951), modern Germany *Jeffrey Herf (born 1947), Germany, Europe *Arthur L. Herman (born 1956), America, Britain *Michael Hicks (historian), Michael Hicks (born 1948), late medieval England *Raul Hilberg (1926–2007), Holocaust *Klaus Hildebrand (born 1941), 19th/20th-century Germany *Christopher Hill (historian), Christopher Hill (1912–2003), 17th-century England *Andreas Hillgruber (1925–1989), 20th-century Germany *Richard L. Hills (1936–2019), technology *Rodney Hilton (1916–2002), late medieval period *Gertrude Himmelfarb (1922–2019), Britain *Harry Hinsley (1918–1998), British intelligence, World War II *Gerhard Hirschfeld (born 1946), 20th-century Germany, World War I, World War II *Eric Hobsbawm (1917–2012), labour; Marxism *Marshall Hodgson (1922–1968), Islamic *Peter Hoffmann (historian), Peter Hoffmann (born 1930), National Socialism *Richard Hofstadter (1916–1970), US political *David Hoggan (1923–1988), neo-Nazi *Hajo Holborn (1902–1969), Germany *Tom Holland (author), Tom Holland (born 1968), Ancient Greece, Rome, Middle Ages *C. Warren Hollister (1930–1997), Middle Ages *George Holmes (professor), George Holmes (1927–2009), medieval *Richard Holmes (historian), Richard Holmes (1946–2011), military *Ed Hooper (born 1964), Southern Appalachia, Tennessee, Old South *A. G. Hopkins (born 1938), Britain *Keith Hopkins (1934–2004), ancient *Michiel Horn (born 1939), Canada *Alistair Horne (1925–2017), modern French *Daniel Horowitz (born 1954), US cultural *Helen Lefkowitz Horowitz (born 1942), women *Albert Hourani (1915–1993), Middle Eastern *Youssef Hourany (1931–2019), Lebanon, ancient *Michael Howard (historian), Michael Howard (1922–2019), military *Robert Hughes (critic), Robert Hughes (1938–2012), Australia, cities *Marnie Hughes-Warrington (born 1970), historiography, philosophy of history *Andrew Hunt (historian), Andrew Hunt (born 1968), Cold War America *Tristram Hunt (born 1974) *Mark C. Hunter (born 1974), naval

I

*Georg Iggers (1926-2017), Germany, Historiography *Halil Inalcik (1916–2016), Ottoman Empire *Jonathan Israel (born 1946), Netherlands, Enlightenment, Jewry

J

*Eberhard Jäckel (1929–2017), Nazi Germany *J. Arch Getty, John Archibald Getty (born 1950) *Julian T. Jackson (born 1954), French *C. L. R. James (1862–1935), Trinidad/England *Harold James (historian), Harold James (born 1956), modern Germany *Nikoloz Janashia (1931–1982),

and Caucasus *Simon Janashia (1900–1947), Georgia and Caucasus *Marius Jansen (1922–2000), Japan *Pawel Jasienica (1909–1970), Poland * Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones (born 1942), US intelligence *Merrill Jensen (historian), Merrill Jensen (1905–1980), American Revolution *Richard J. Jensen (born 1941), America *Khasnor Johan (living), Malaysian historian *Paul Johnson (writer), Paul Johnson (born 1928), Britain, Western civilization *Robert Erwin Johnson (1923–2008), US naval *Mauno Jokipii (1924–2007), Finnish, World War II *Arnold Hugh Martin Jones, A. H. M. Jones (1904–1970), later Roman Empire *George Hilton Jones, III (historian), George Hilton Jones III (1924–2008), England *Gwyn Jones (author), Gwyn Jones (1907–1999), medieval *Loe de Jong (1914–2005), Netherlands *Tony Judt (1948–2010), 20th-century European, postwar

K

*Donald Kagan (1932–2021), ancient Greek *Michel Kaplan (born 1946), French Byzantine studies, Byzantinist *David S. Katz (born 1953), early modern English religious *Elie Kedourie (1926–1992), Middle East *Rod Kedward (born 1937), 20th-century France *John Keegan (1934–2012), military *John H. Kemble (1912–1990), US maritime *Paul Murray Kendall (1911–1973), late Middle Ages *Elizabeth Topham Kennan (born 1938), medieval *George F. Kennan (1904–2005), US–Soviet relations *James Kennedy (historian), James Kennedy (born 1963), Netherlands *Paul Kennedy (born 1945), world, military *W. Hudson Kensel (1928–2014), western America *Ian Kershaw (born 1943), Nazi Germany, Hitler *Daniel J. Kevles (born 1939), science *Khan Roshan Khan (1914–1988), Pakistan *Khoo Kay Kim (1937–2019), Malaysia *Kim Jung-bae (born 1940), Korea *Michael King (historian), Michael King (1945–2004), New Zealand *Patrick Kinross (1904–1976), Ottoman Empire *Henry Kissinger (born 1923), 19th-century Europe; late 20th-century *Martin Kitchen (born 1936), modern Europe *Simon Kitson (born c. 1967), Vichy France *Klemens von Klemperer (1916–2012), Germany *Matti Klinge (born 1936), Finnish *Felix Klos (born 1992), American/Dutch, Modern European *R.J.B. Knight (born 1944), British naval *Yuri Knorozov (1922–1999), historical linguist *Eberhard Kolb (born 1933), German *Gabriel Kolko (1932–2014), US *Claudia Koonz (born 1940), Nazi Germany *Andrey Korotayev (born 1961), economic, Near East, Islamic and pre-Islamic *Ernst Kossmann (1922–2003), Low Countries *Philip A. Kuhn (1933–2016), China *Thomas Kuhn (1922–1996), science *Myoma Myint Kywe (born 1960), Burmese writer and historian

L

*Benjamin Woods Labaree (1927–2021), US colonial and maritime *Leopold Labedz (1920–1993), Soviet *Walter LaFeber (1933–2021), diplomatic, Cold War *Brij Lal (historian), Brij Lal (living), Fiji *K. S. Lal (1920–2002), Medieval India *Andrew Lambert (born 1956), British naval *Peter Lampe (born 1954), Hellenistic and late antiquity *Ricardo Lancaster-Jones y Verea (1905–1983), haciendas in Western Mexico *Dieter Langewiesche (born 1943), 19th–20th century, nationalism and liberalism *Abdallah Laroui (born 1933), Maghreb *David Lavender (1910–2003), American West *Jacques Le Goff (1924–2014), medieval *Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie (born 1929), French *Daniel Leab (1936–2016), 20th century *Robert Leckie (author), Robert Leckie (1920–2001), US military *Ulrich L. Lehner (born 1976), intellectual and cultural history *Lee Ki-baek (1924–2004), Korean *William Leuchtenburg (born 1922), US political and legal *Barbara Levick (born 1931), Roman emperors *Bernard Lewis (1916–2018), Oriental studies *David Levering Lewis (born 1936), African American, Harlem Renaissance *Li Ao (1935–2018), Chinese *Leon F. Litwack (1929–2021), America, African-American *Xinru Liu (born 1951), Ancient Indian and Chinese *Mario Liverani (born 1939), ancient Middle East *David Loades (1934–2016), Tudor England *Roger Lockyer (1927–2017), Stuart England *James W. Loewen (1942–2021), America *Elizabeth Pakenham, Countess of Longford, Elizabeth Longford (1906–2002), Victorian England *Erik Lönnroth (1910–2002), Scandinavia *Walter Lord (1917–2002), America *John Lukacs (1924–2019), modern Europe

M

*Joseph A. McCartin (born 1959), American labor *Charles B. MacDonald (1922–1990), World War II *Stuart Macintyre (1947–2021), Australia *Piers Mackesy (1924–2014), British military *Margaret MacMillan (born 1943), 20th-century international relations *William Miller Macmillan (1885–1974), liberal South African historiography *Ramsay MacMullen (born 1928), Roman *Heidrun E. Mader (born 1977), 2nd cent BCE - 2nd cent CE *Magnus Magnusson (1929–2007), Norse *Charles S. Maier (born 1939), 20th-century Europe *Paul L. Maier (born 1930), ancient history *Pauline Maier (1938–2013), early America *Leonard Maltin (born 1950), film *William Manchester (1922–2004), Churchill *Golo Mann (1909–1994), general *Susan Mann (Canadian historian), Susan Mann (born 1941), Canadian *Susan L. Mann (born 1943), history of China and women *Adel Manna (born 1947), Palestine in Ottoman period *María Emma Mannarelli (born 1954), social *Philip Mansel (born 1951), France, Ottoman Empire *Arthur Marder (1910–1980), British naval *Michael Marrus (born 1941), French and Jewish *Rev. F.X. Martin (1922–2000), Irish medievalist and campaigner *Henri-Jean Martin (1924–2007), the Book *Luis Martínez-Fernández (born 1960), Cuba, the Caribbean *Laurence Marvin (living), US, French medievalist *Ezequiel González Mas (1919–2007), Spanish literature *Timothy Mason (1940–1990), Nazi Germany *Garrett Mattingly (1900–1962), early modern Europe *Ernest R. May (1928–2009), 20th-century warfare and international relations *Richard J. Maybury (born 1946), America, World War I, World War II, Middle East *Arno J. Mayer (born 1926), World War I and Europe *Mark Mazower (born 1958), Balkans, Greece *David McCullough (born 1933), US *Forrest McDonald (1927–2016), early national America, presidency, business *K. B. McFarlane (1903–1966), English medievalist *William S. McFeely (1930–2019), American Civil War *Maurie McInnis (born 1966), Antebellum art and politics *W. David McIntyre (born 1932), Commonwealth, New Zealand *Neil McKendrick (born 1935), modern economic and social history *Ross McKibbin (born 1942), 20th-century Britain *Rosamond McKitterick (born 1949), medieval *William Hardy McNeill, William McNeill (1917–2016), world *James M. McPherson (born 1936), American Civil War *Jon Meacham (born 1969), US presidency *D. W. Meinig (1924–2020), US geography *Evaldo Cabral de Mello (born 1936), Dutch Brazil *Russell Menard (living), colonial American *Thomas C. Mendenhall (historian), Thomas C. Mendenhall (1910–1998), history of sport *Josef W. Meri (born 1969), Islamic world, Jews *John M. Merriman(1946–2022), France *Barbara Metcalf (born 1941), India *Rade Mihaljčić (1937–2020), medieval Serbia *Perry Miller (1905–1963), US intellectual *Giles Milton (born 1966), exploration *Zora Mintalová – Zubercová (born 1950), food history and material culture of Central Europe * Steven Mintz (born 1953), US family *Yagutil Mishiev (born 1927), Derbent, Dagestan, Russia *Hans Mommsen (1930–2015), Germany *Wolfgang Mommsen (1930–2004), Britain, Germany *Indro Montanelli (1909–2001) general *Simon Sebag Montefiore (born 1965), Russia, Middle East *Theodore William Moody (1907–1984), Ireland *Edmund Morgan (historian), Edmund Morgan (1916–2013), American colonial and Revolution *Kenneth O. Morgan (born 1934), British politics, Wales *William J. Morgan (historian), William J. Morgan (1917–2003), US naval *Samuel Eliot Morison (1887–1976), US colonial and naval *Benny Morris (born 1948), Middle East *Ian Mortimer (historian), Ian Mortimer (born 1967), Middle Ages *W.L. Morton (1908–1980), Canada *George Mosse (1918–1999), German, Jewish, fascist, sexual *Roland Mousnier (1907–1993), early modern France *Mubarak Ali (born 1941), Pakistan

N

*Joseph Needham (1900–1995), Chinese science and technology *Mark E. Neely Jr. (born 1944), American Civil War *Malcolm Neesam (1946–2022), history of Harrogate, North Yorkshire, England *Cynthia Neville (living), late medieval, Scotland and England, Gaelic culture *Thomas Nipperdey (1927–1992), 19th c. German history *Ernst Nolte (1923–2016), German, fascism and communism

O

*Josiah Ober (living), ancient Greece *Heiko Oberman (1930–2001), Reformation *Ambeth Ocampo (born 1961), Philippines *W. H. Oliver (1925–2015), New Zealand *Robin O'Neil (living), Holocaust *Vincent Orange (historian), Vincent Orange (1935–2012), military, World War II, aviation *Michael Oren (born 1955), modern Middle East *Margaret Ormsby (1909–1996), Canada *İlber Ortaylı (born 1947), Turkey *Fernand Ouellet (1926–2021), French Canada *Richard Overy (born 1947), World War II *Steven Ozment (1939–2019), Germany

P

*Thomas Pakenham (historian), Thomas Pakenham (born 1933), Africa *Madhavan K. Palat (born 1947), Russia and Europe *Ilan Pappé (born 1954), Israel *Peter Paret (1924–2020), military *Geoffrey Parker (historian), Geoffrey Parker (born 1943), early modern military *Simo Parpola (born 1943), ancient Middle East *J. H. Parry (1914–1982), maritime *T. T. Paterson (1909–1994), archaeologist and sociologist *Fred Patten (1940–2018), science fiction *Stanley G. Payne (born 1934), Spain, fascism *Abel Paz (1921–2009), Spanish anarchist *William Armstrong Percy (born 1933), Medieval Europe and ancient Greek and Roman, homosexuality *Bradford Perkins (historian), Bradford Perkins (1925–2008), US diplomatic *Detlev Peukert (1950–1990), everyday life in Weimar and Nazi eras *John Edward Philips (born 1952), Africa *Liza Picard (born 1927), London *William B. Pickett (born 1940), US history, Dwight D. Eisenhower *David Pietrusza (born 1949), US *Boris B. Piotrovsky (1908–1990), Urartu, Scythia *Richard Pipes (1923–2018), Russian and Soviet *J.H. Plumb (1911–2001), 18th-century Britain *J. G. A. Pocock (born 1924), early modern intellectual *Kwok Kin Poon (born 1949), Chinese Southern and Northern Dynasties *Barbara Corrado Pope (born 1941), America, Belle Époque, women's studies *Roy Porter (1946–2002), medicine, British social and cultural *Norman Pounds (1912–2006), geography and England *Caio Prado Júnior (1907–1990), Brazil *Gordon W. Prange (1910–1980), World War II Pacific *Joshua Prawer (1917–1990),

*Michael Prestwich (born 1943), medieval England *Clement Alexander Price (1945–2014), America *Francis Paul Prucha (1921–2015), American Indians *Janko Prunk (born 1942), Slovenia *Alenka Puhar (born 1945), Slovenia

Q

*Carroll Quigley (1910–1977), classical, western history, theorist of civilizations

R

*Marc Raeff (1923–2008), Russian Empire *Alexander Rabinowitch (born 1934), Russia *Werner Rahn (born 1939), German naval *Jack N. Rakove (born 1947), U.S. Constitution and early politics *Šerbo Rastoder (living), Montenegrin *Robert V. Remini (1921–2013), Jacksonian U.S. *René Rémond (1918–2007), French politics *Timothy Reuter (1947–2002), Medieval Germany *Henry A. Reynolds (born 1938), Australia *Susan Reynolds (1929–2021), medieval *Richard Rhodes (born 1937), World War II, hydrogen bomb *Nicholas V. Riasanovsky (1923–2011), Russia *Darcy Ribeiro (1922–1997), Brazil *Jonathan Riley-Smith (1938–2016), Crusades *Blaze Ristovski (1931–2018), Macedonia *Charles Ritcheson (1925–2011), Anglo-US relations 1775–1815 *Gerhard A. Ritter (1929–2015), Germany *Andrew Roberts (historian), Andrew Roberts (born 1963), Britain *J. M. Roberts (1928–2003), Europe *Nicholas A. M. Rodger (born 1949), British naval *William Ledyard Rodgers (1860–1944), ancient naval *Walter Rodney (1942–1980), Guyana *Theodore Ropp (1911–2000), military *W. J. Rorabaugh (1945–2020), 19th and 20th-century US *Ron Rosenbaum (born 1946), Hitler *Charles E. Rosenberg (born 1936), medicine and science *Stephen Roskill (1903–1982), British naval *Maarten van Rossem (born 1943), 20th-century US *María Rostworowski (1915–2016), Peruvian *Constance Rover (1910–2005), feminism *Sheila Rowbotham (born 1943), feminism, socialism *Herbert H. Rowen (1916–1999), Netherlands *A. L. Rowse (1903–1997), English *Miri Rubin (born 1956), social, Europe 1100–1600 *George Rudé (1910–1993), French revolution *Robert W. Thurston (born 1949) *R. J. Rummel (1932–2014), genocide *Steven Runciman (1903–2000), Crusades *Leila J. Rupp (born 1950), feminist *Conrad Russell, 5th Earl Russell (1937–2004), 17th-century Britain *Cornelius Ryan (1920–1974), World War II, popular *Boris Rybakov (1908–2001), Soviet

S

*Edgar V. Saks (1910–1984), Estonia *Dominic Sandbrook (born 1974), recent Britain and America *Usha Sanyal (living), Asian, Islam, Sufism *S. Srikanta Sastri (1904–1974), Indian *Simon Schama (born 1945), British, Dutch, US, French *Arthur Schlesinger, Jr. (1917–2007), Andrew Jackson, New Deal, politics *Jean-Claude Schmitt (born 1946), Middle Ages *David Schoenbaum (born 1935), modern German and US–Israeli relations *Carl Emil Schorske (1915–2015), Vienna, Modernism, intellectual *Paul W. Schroeder (1927–2020), European diplomacy *D. M. Schurman (1924–2013), British imperial and naval *Karl Schweizer (living), 18th-century European *Dorothy Schwieder, (1933–2014), Iowa *Joan Wallach Scott, Joan Scott (born 1941), feminism *William Henry Scott (historian), William Henry Scott (1921–1993), Philippines *Howard Hayes Scullard (1903–1983), ancient *Jules Sedney (1922–2020), Surinamese historian and former prime minister *Tom Segev (born 1945), Israeli *Lorelle D. Semley (born 1969), US historian of Africa *Robert Service (historian), Robert Service (born 1947), Soviet, Russian *Dasharatha Sharma (1903–1976), Rajasthan *Ram Sharan Sharma (1919–2011), ancient India *James J. Sheehan (born 1937), modern Germany *Michael S. Sherry (born 1945), 20c American military; LGBTQ *William L. Shirer (1904–1993), 20c Europe, Third Reich *He Shu (born 1948), Chinese cultural revolution *Jack Simmons (historian), Jack Simmons (1915–2000), English historian, railway history *Keith Sinclair (1922–1993), New Zealand *Helene J. Sinnreich (born 1975), Holocaust *Nathan Sivin (born 1931), China *Quentin Skinner (born 1940), early modern Britain *Alexandre Skirda (1942–2020), Russia *Theda Skocpol (born 1947), institutions and comparative method; sociological *Richard Slotkin (born 1942), US environment and West *Cornelius Cole Smith, Jr. (1913–2004), military history, American Old West *Digby Smith (born 1935), military *Henry Nash Smith (1906–1986), US cultural *Jean Edward Smith (1932–2019), US foreign policy, constitutional law, biography *Page Smith (1917–1995), U.S. *Richard Norton Smith (born 1953), US presidential *Christopher Smout, T. C. Smout (born 1933), Scottish environmental and social *John Smolenski (historian), John Smolenski, (born 1973), American colonial period *Louis Leo Snyder (1907–1993), German nationalism *Timothy D. Snyder (born 1969), Eastern Europe *Albert Soboul (1913–1982), French revolution *Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn (1918–2008), Russian Gulag *Pat Southern (born 1948), ancient Rome *R. W. Southern (1912–2001), medieval *E. Lee Spence (born 1947), shipwrecks *Jonathan Spence (1936–2021), China *Jonathan Sperber (born 1952), US historian of Europe. *Jackson J. Spielvogel (born 1939), world *Kenneth Stampp (1912–2009), U.S. South, slavery *George Stanley (1907–2002), Canada *David Starkey (born 1945), Tudor *Leften Stavros Stavrianos (1913—2004), world *James M. Stayer (born 1935), German Reformation *Valerie Steele (born 1955), fashion *Jonathan Steinberg (1934–2021), US historian of Germany *Jean Stengers (1922–2002), Belgian *Fritz Stern (1926–2016), Germany and Jewish *Zeev Sternhell (1935–2020), fascism *William N. Still, Jr. (born 1932), US naval *Dan Stone (historian), Dan Stone (living), recent Europe *Lawrence Stone (1919–1999), early modern British social, economic and family *Norman Stone (1941–2019), military *Hew Strachan (born 1949), military *Barry S. Strauss (born 1953), ancient military *Michael Stürmer (born 1938), modern German *Ronald Suleski (born 1942), China *Viktor Suvorov (born 1947), Soviet *Ronald Syme (1903–1989), ancient *David Syrett (1939–2004), British naval

T

*Ronald Takaki (1939–2009), America, ethnic studies *J. L. Talmon (1916–1980), Modern history, Modern, ''The Origins of Totalitarian Democracy'' *Alasdair and Hettie Tayler (1870–1937/1869–1951), Scotland *A. J. P. Taylor (1906–1990), Britain, modern Europe *Abdelhadi Tazi (1921–2015), Moroccan *Antonio Tellez (1921–2005), Spanish Anarchism, anti-fascist resistance *Harold Temperley (1879–1939), 19th and early 20th-century diplomacy *Romila Thapar (born 1931), ancient India *Stephan Thernstrom (born 1934), US ethnic *Barbara Thiering (1930–2015), Biblical *Joan Thirsk (1922–2013), agriculture *Hugh Thomas (historian), Hugh Thomas (1931–2017), Spanish Civil War, Atlantic slave trade *Keith Thomas (historian), Keith Thomas (born 1933), early modern Britain, culture *E. P. Thompson (1924–1993), British labor history *Mark Thompson (historian), Mark Thompson (born 1959), Balkans, World War I Italy *Carl L. Thunberg (born 1963), Viking Age, Middle Ages * Charles Tilly (1929–2008), Modern Europe; politics and society * Louise A. Tilly (1930–2018), modern Europe; women, family *John Toland (author), John Toland (1912–2004), World War I and World War II *K. Ross Toole (1920–1981), Montana *Ahmed Toufiq (born 1943), Moroccan *Marc Trachtenberg (born 1946), Cold War *Hugh Trevor-Roper (1914–2003), Nazi; British *Gil Troy (born 1961), modern US, the Presidency *Barbara Tuchman (1912–1989), 20th-century military *Robert C. Tucker (1918–2010), Stalin *Peter Turchin (born 1957), Russian historian of historical dynamics *Henry Ashby Turner, Jr. (1932–2008), 20th-century German *Denis Twitchett (1925–2006), China *David Tyack (1930–2016), US education

U

*Walter Ullmann (1910–1983), medieval *Laurel Thatcher Ulrich (born 1938), early America *David Underdown (1925–2009), 17th-century England *Mladen Urem (born 1964), Croatian literary *Robert M. Utley (born 1929), 19th-century US West

V

*Hans van de Ven (born 1958), Britain, modern China *Frank Vandiver (1925–2005), US Civil War *Jan Vansina (1929–2017), Belgian; African history *Jean-Pierre Vernant (1914–2007), French, ancient Greece *Paul Veyne (born 1930), French, ancient Greece and Rome *César Vidal Manzanares (born 1958), Spanish *Pierre Vidal-Naquet (1930–2006), French, ancient Greece, civil rights activist *Richard Vinen (living), British *Jaime Vicens Vives (1910–1960), Spain *Andrekos Varnava (born 1979), Australia, modern history

W

*John Waiko (born 1944), Papua New Guinea *J. Samuel Walker (living), nuclear energy and weapons *Immanuel Wallerstein (1930–2019), world-systems theory *Retha Warnicke (born 1939), Tudor and gender issues *Peter Watson (intellectual historian), Peter Watson (born 1943), intellectual history *Eugen Weber (1925–2007), modern French *Emma Jane Wells (born 1986), church history *Cicely Veronica Wedgwood (1910–1997), 16th and 17th-century Europe *Hans-Ulrich Wehler (1931–2014), 19th-century German social *Russell Weigley (1930–2004), military *Gerhard Weinberg (born 1928), Germany, World War II *Roberto Weiss (1906–1969), Renaissance *Frank Welsh (writer), Frank Welsh (born 1931), British imperial *Christopher Whatley (living), Scotland *John Wheeler-Bennett (1902–1975), Germany *John Henry Whyte, John Whyte (1928–1990), Northern Ireland, divided societies *Christopher Wickham (born 1950), medieval * Robert H. Wiebe (1930–2000), American business and society *Alexander Wilkinson (born 1975), early modern European, books *Toby Wilkinson (born 1969), ancient Egypt *Eric Williams (1911–1981), Guiana, Caribbean *Glanmor Williams (1920–2005), Wales *Glyndwr Williams (1932–2022), exploration *William Appleman Williams (1921–1990), US diplomacy *John Willingham (born 1946), Texas *Andrew Wilson (historian), Andrew Wilson (born 1961), Ukraine *Clyde N. Wilson (born 1941), 19th-century US South *Ian Wilson (writer), Ian Wilson (born 1941), religious *Keith Windschuttle (born 1942), Australia; historiography *Heinrich August Winkler, Henry Winkler (born 1938), German *Robert S. Wistrich (1945–2015), Anti-Semitism, Holocaust, Jews *John Baptist Wolf, John B. Wolf (1907–1996), French *Michael Wolffsohn (born 1947), German Jewish *Herwig Wolfram (born 1934), medieval *Gordon S. Wood (born 1933), American Revolution *Michael Wood (historian), Michael Wood (born 1948), England *Thomas Woods (born 1972), America, conservatism *C. Vann Woodward (1908–1999), American South *Daniel Woolf (born 1958), Britain, historiography *Lucy Worsley (born 1973), Britain *Gordon Wright (historian), Gordon Wright (1912–2000), modern France *Lawrence C. Wroth (1884–1970), US printing

Y

*Yen Ching-hwang (顏清湟, born 1937), writer, works on Overseas Chinese history *Robert J. Young (born 1942), French Third Republic *Robert M. Young (academic), Robert M. Young (1935–2019), medicine

Z

*Gregorio F. Zaide (1907–1986), Philippines *Adam Zamoyski (born 1949), Napoleonic era *Anna Żarnowska (1931–2007), Polish historian *Alfred-Maurice de Zayas (born 1947), German *Howard Zinn (1922–2010), US *Rainer Zitelmann (born 1957), German *Marek Żukow-Karczewski (born 1961), Poland, Kraków

References

Bibliography

*''The American Historical Association's Guide to Historical Literature'', ed. by Mary Beth Norton and Pamela Gerardi (3rd ed. 2 vol, Oxford UP, 1995), 2064 pages; annotated guide to 27,000 of the most important English language history books in all fields and topic
vol 1 onlinevol 2 online
**Allison, William Henry et al. eds. ''A guide to historical literature'' (1931), comprehensive bibliography for scholarship to 1930 as selected by scholars from the American Historical Associatio
online edition
*Barnes, Harry Elmer. ''A history of historical writing'' (1962) *Barnes, Harry Elmer. ''History, its rise and development: a survey of the progress of historical writing from its origins to the present day'' (1922)
online
*Barraclough, Geoffrey. ''History: Main Trends of Research in the Social and Human Sciences,'' (1978) *Bentley, Michael. ed., ''Companion to Historiography'', Routledge, 1997, ; 39 chapters by experts *; detailed coverage of historians and major themes *Breisach, Ernst. ''Historiography: Ancient, Medieval and Modern'', 3rd edition, 2007, *Elton, G. R. ''Modern Historians on British History 1485–1945: A Critical Bibliography 1945–1969'' (1969), annotated guide to 1000 history books on every major topic, plus book reviews and major scholarly articles
online
*Gilderhus, Mark T. ''History and Historians: A Historiographical Introduction'', 2002, *Gooch, G. P. ''History and historians in the nineteenth century'' (1913)
online
*Iggers, Georg G. ''Historiography in the 20th Century: From Scientific Objectivity to the Postmodern Challenge'' (2005) *Kramer, Lloyd, and Sarah Maza, eds. ''A Companion to Western Historical Thought'' Blackwell 2006. 520pp; *Arnaldo Momigliano, Momigliano, Arnaldo. ''The Classical Foundation of Modern Historiography'', 1990, *Rahman, M. M. ed. ''Encyclopaedia of Historiography'' (2006)
Excerpt and text search
*E. Sreedharan, A Textbook of Historiography, 500 B.C. to A.D. 2000 (2004) *Thompson, James, and Bernard J. Holm. ''A History of Historical Writing: Volume I: From the Earliest Times to the End of the Seventeenth Century'' (2nd ed. 1967), 678 pp.; ''A History of Historical Writing: Volume II: The Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries'' (2nd ed. 1967), 676 p
vol 1 of 1942 first editionvol 2 of 1942 first edition
highly detailed coverage of European writers to 1900 *Woolf, D. R. ''A Global Encyclopedia of Historical Writing'' (Garland Reference Library of the Humanities) (2 vols. 1998)
excerpt and text search
*Woolf, Daniel, et al. ''The Oxford History of Historical Writing'' (5 vol 2011–12), covers all major historians since ancient times to present; se
vol 1

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