This article provides a detailed list of the cities and towns along the

Euphrates River The Euphrates () is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of Western Asia. Together with the Tigris, it is one of the two defining rivers of Mesopotamia ( ''the land between the rivers''). Originating in Turkey, the Eup ...

in order of country.

Cities in Turkey

The Euphrates is formed by the union of two branches, the Karasu or Kara River (the western Euphrates), which rises in eastern

Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula ...

north of

Erzurum Erzurum (; ) is a city in eastern Anatolia, Turkey. It is the largest city and capital of Erzurum Province and is 1,900 meters (6,233 feet) above sea level. Erzurum had a population of 367,250 in 2010. The city uses the double-headed eagle as ...

, and the

Murat Murat may refer to: Places Australia * Murat Bay, a bay in South Australia * Murat Marine Park, a marine protected area France * Murat, Allier, a commune in the department of Allier * Murat, Cantal, a commune in the department of Cantal Elsewhe ...

(the eastern Euphrates). These rivers merge in the

Elazığ Province Elazığ Province ( tr, ; Zazaki: Suke Xarpêt; ku, Parêzgeha Xarpêtê) is a province of Turkey with its seat in the city of Elazığ. The province had a population of 568,753 in 2014. The population of the province was 569,616 in 2000 and ...

of Turkey, where the river is dammed in several places such as the

Keban Dam The Keban Dam ( tr, Keban Barajı) is a hydroelectric dam on the Euphrates, located in the Elazığ Province of Turkey. The dam is the first and uppermost of several large-scale dams to be built on the Euphrates by Turkey. Although the Keban Dam ...

, the Karakaya Dam,

Atatürk Dam The Atatürk Dam ( tr, Atatürk Barajı), originally the Karababa Dam, is the third largest dam in the world and it is a zoned rock-fill dam with a central core on the Euphrates River on the border of Adıyaman Province and Şanlıurfa Province ...

, the

Birecik Dam The Birecik Dam, one of the 21 dams of the Southeastern Anatolia Project of Turkey, is located on the Euphrates River downstream of Atatürk Dam and upstream of Birecik town west of Province of Şanlıurfa in the southeastern region of Turke ...

, and Karkamis Dam. Beneath the lakes of these dams are ancient towns like

Samsat Samsat ( ku, Samîsad), formerly Samosata ( grc, Σαμόσατα) is a small town in the Adıyaman Province of Turkey, situated on the upper Euphrates river. It is the seat of Samsat District.Elif Elif may refer to: People *Elif (name) *Begünhan Elif Ünsal (born 1993), Turkish archer * Elif Ağca (born 1984), Turkish volleyball player *Elif Batuman (born 1977), American author, academic, journalist * Elif Demirezer (born 1992), German-Turk ...

, Hasanoğlu and Hisar in the Araban district of

Gaziantep Gaziantep (), previously and still informally called Aintab or Antep (), is a major city and capital of the Gaziantep Province, in the westernmost part of Turkey's Southeastern Anatolia Region and partially in the Mediterranean Region, approxi ...

date back to Roman times.

Halfeti Halfeti ( ku, Xelfêtî) is a town and district on the east bank of the river Euphrates in Şanlıurfa Province in Turkey, from the city of Şanlıurfa. Population (2000 census) 33,467 (of which 2,608 were in the town of Halfeti, the majority be ...

, a district of

Şanlıurfa Urfa, officially known as Şanlıurfa () and in ancient times as Edessa, is a city in southeastern Turkey and the capital of Şanlıurfa Province. Urfa is situated on a plain about 80 km east of the Euphrates River. Its climate features ...

, mentioned as “ Halpa” in the

Urartu Urartu (; Assyrian: ',Eberhard Schrader, ''The Cuneiform inscriptions and the Old Testament'' (1885), p. 65. Babylonian: ''Urashtu'', he, אֲרָרָט ''Ararat'') is a geographical region and Iron Age kingdom also known as the Kingdom of V ...

inscriptions. The following is a partial list of other cities and towns in Turkey that border the Euphrates. * Rumkale (

Hromgla Rumkale ( ''Roman Castle''), also known as Urumgala, is a fortress on the Euphrates, located in the province of Gaziantep and 50 km west of Şanlıurfa. Its strategic location was already known to the Assyrians, although the present struct ...

) *

Arulis Urima or Ourima, also known as Antiochia ad Euphratem and Arulis, was a town on the Euphrates River of Classical Anatolia, inhabited from Hellenistic to Byzantine times. It was in the late Roman province of Euphratensis. Urima was the seat of a bis ...

( Gümüşgün) was an important centre of the Kommagene kingdom * Zeugma known as “

Seleukeia Euphrates Seleucia at the Zeugma ( el, Σελεύκεια ἐπὶ τοῦ Ζεύγματος, transliterated ''Seleukeia epi tou Zeugmatos'') was a Hellenistic fortified town in the present Republic of Turkey on the left (south) bank of the Euphrates, acros ...

” in the Hellenistic period *

Birecik Birecik; ku, Bêrecûk is a town and district of Şanlıurfa Province of Turkey, on the Euphrates. Built on a limestone cliff 400 ft. high on the left/east bank of the Euphrates, "at the upper part of a reach of that river, which runs near ...

Arsameia Arsameia on the Nymphaios ( hy, Արշամաշատ, Arshamashat; tr, Eski Kale – "Old Castle") is an ancient city located in Old Kâhta (Eski Kâhta) in Kâhta district, Adıyaman Province, Turkey. The site is near Kâhtaçay, known in ancient ...

Cities in Syria

The upper reaches of the Euphrates flow through steep canyons and gorges, southeast across Syria, and through

Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, the Persian Gulf and K ...

. From west to east, the Euphrates is in Syria joined by the

Sajur Sajur (; ) is a Druze citizens of Israel, Druze town (local council (Israel), local council) in the Galilee region of northern Israel, with an area of 3,000 dunams (3 km²). It achieved recognition as an independent local council in 1992. In ...

, the Balikh and the Khabur.

Lake Assad Lake Assad ( ar, بحيرة الأسد, ''Buhayrat al-Assad'') is a reservoir on the Euphrates in Raqqa Governorate, Syria. It was created in 1974 when construction of the Tabqa Dam was completed. Lake Assad is Syria's largest lake, with a maxim ...

is a large lake in Syria on the Euphrates River formed by the construction of the

Tabqa Dam The Tabqa Dam ( ar, سَدُّ الطَّبْقَةِ, Sadd aṭ-Ṭabqah, ku, Bendava Tebqa; syc, ܣܟܪܐ ܕܛܒܩܗ, Sekro d'Tabqa), or al-Thawra Dam as it is also named ( ar, سَدُّ الثَّوْرَةِ, Sadd aṯ-Ṯawrah, ku, Bendav ...

in 1973. The sites of

Tell Abu Hureyra Tell Abu Hureyra ( ar, تل أبو هريرة) is a prehistoric archaeological site in the Upper Euphrates valley in Syria. The tell was inhabited between 13,000 and 9,000 years ago in two main phases: Abu Hureyra 1, dated to the Epipalaeoli ...

and

Mureybet Mureybet ( ar, مريبط, muribit, lit=covered) is a tell, or ancient settlement mound, located on the west bank of the Euphrates in Raqqa Governorate, northern Syria. The site was excavated between 1964 and 1974 and has since disappeared und ...

ancient Mesopotamian cities of the Euphrates, are underneath this lake. There are three dams along the Euphrates in Syria: First, the Baath Dam ( ar, سد البعث, lit=Dam of the Renaissance) is located upstream from the city of

Raqqa Raqqa ( ar, ٱلرَّقَّة, ar-Raqqah, also and ) (Kurdish: Reqa/ ڕەقە) is a city in Syria on the northeast bank of the Euphrates River, about east of Aleppo. It is located east of the Tabqa Dam, Syria's largest dam. The Hellenistic, ...

Raqqa Governorate Raqqa Governorate ( ar, مُحافظة الرقة, Muḥāfaẓat ar-Raqqah) is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is situated in the north of the country and covers an area of 19,618 km2. The capital is Raqqa. The Islamic State ...

, Syria. Second, the

( ar, سد الطبقة), or al-Thawra Dam as it is also named ( ar, سد الثورة, literally ''dam of the revolution'') is located upstream from the Baath Dam. Finally, the

Tishrin Dam The Tishrin Dam ( ar, سد تشرين, Sadd Tišrīn, lit=October Dam, ku, بەنداڤا تشرین, Bendava Tişrîn, syc, ܣܟܪܐ ܕܬܫܪܝܢ, Sekro d'Teshrin) is a dam on the Euphrates, located east of Aleppo in Aleppo Governorate, Syri ...

( ar-at, سد تشرين, Sadd Tišrīn, literally ''October Dam'') is located east of Aleppo in

Aleppo Governorate Aleppo Governorate ( ar, محافظة حلب / ALA-LC: ''Muḥāfaẓat Ḥalab'' / ) is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is the most populous governorate in Syria with a population of more than 4,867,000 (2011 Est.), almost 23% of t ...

, Syria and south of the Syro- Turkish border. * Jarabulus—on the border of Turkey and Syria *

Maskanah Maskanah ( ar, مَسْكَنَة) also spelled, Meskene is a town in northern Syria, administratively part of the Manbij District of the Aleppo Governorate. The town is located southeast of Aleppo on the Lake Assad part of the Euphrates. Nearb ...

is on Lake Assad *

Al-Thawrah Al-Thawrah ( ar, ٱلثَّوْرَة, aṯ-Ṯawrah), also known as Al-Tabqah ( ar, ٱلطَّبْقَة, aṭ-Ṭabqah, also ), is a city in Raqqa Governorate, Syria, approximately west of Raqqa. The name "al-Thawrah" literally means "The Revo ...

Abu Hamam Abu Hamam ( ar, أبو حمام) is a Syrian town located in Abu Kamal District, Deir ez-Zor. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Abu Hamam had a population of 21,947 in the 2004 census. Syrian Civil War Abu Hamam was c ...

Deir ez-Zor District Deir ez-Zor District ( ar-at, منطقة دير الزور, manṭiqat Dair az-Zaur) is a district of the Deir ez-Zor Governorate in northeastern Syria. The administrative centre is the city of Deir ez-Zor , population_urban = , popul ...

Deir ez-Zor , population_urban = , population_density_urban_km2 = , population_density_urban_sq_mi = , population_blank1_title = Ethnicities , population_blank1 = , population_blank2_title = Religions , population_blank2 = ...

** al-Kasrah ** Al-Busayrah is at the confluence of the Euphrates with the Khabur river. ** Al-Muhasan ** Al-Tabni ** Al-Masrab ** Khasham **

Al-Suwar Al-Suwar ( ar, صُوَر, Ṣuwar, also spelled as-Suwar or al-Suwwar) is a town in eastern Syria, administratively part of the Deir ez-Zor Governorate, located along the Khabur river, north-east of Deir ez-Zor. In 2004, there were 5297 inhabit ...

* Mayadin District ** Mayadin ** Diban ** Al-Quriyah ** Al-Asharah * Abu Kamal District ** Al-Salihiyah ** Al-Jalaa **

Hajin Hajin ( ar, هَجِين, Hajīn, also spelled Hajeen) is a small city in eastern Syria, administratively part of the Deir ez-Zor Governorate, located along the Euphrates River, south of Deir ez-Zor. Nearby localities include al-Abbas to the we ...

** Al-Shaafah ** Al-Susah **

Abu Kamal Abu Kamal ( ar, أَبُو كَمَال, ʾAbū Kamāl) or Al-Bukamal ( ar, ٱلْبُوكَمَال, al-Būkamāl) is a city on the Euphrates river in the Deir ez-Zor Governorate of eastern Syria near the border with Iraq. It is the administra ...

(or Al-Bukamal) - on the border of Syria and Iraq

Cities in Iraq

, the Euphrates is known as "Nahr al Furat". As it crosses the Syrian border, the Euphrates flows into Iraq near Al-Qa'im in Al Anbar Province. Between

Anah Anah or Ana ( ar, عانة, ''ʾĀna'', syr, ܐܢܐ), formerly also known as Anna, is an Iraqi town on the Euphrates river, approximately midway between the Gulf of Alexandretta and the Persian Gulf. Anah lies from west to east on the right ban ...

and

Haditha , settlement_type = City , image_skyline = Inbound3292807512093856589نواعير حديثة.jpg , imagesize = , image_caption = , image_map = , mapsize = , map_caption ...

, the

Haditha Dam The Haditha Dam ( ar, سد حديثة, Sadd Ḥadītha) or Qadisiya Dam is an earth-fill dam on the Euphrates, north of Haditha (Iraq), creating Lake Qadisiyah ( ar, script=Latn, Buhayrat al-Qadisiyyah). The dam is just over long and high. The ...

creates a large lake, known as

Lake Qadisiyah A man-made reservoir in Al-Anbar, Iraq, Lake Qadisiyah ( ar, بحيرة القادسية) sits on the north side of the Haditha Dam. Qadisiyah was formed by the damming of the Euphrates river above Haditha, Iraq. It has of shoreline and prov ...

. Between the Syrian border and the town of

Hit Hit means to strike someone or something. Hit or HIT may also refer to: Arts, entertainment and media Fictional entities * Hit, a fictional character from '' Dragon Ball Super'' * Homicide International Trust, or HIT, a fictional organization ...

(in the Heet District),located upstream and which is only above sea level. shoals and rapids make the river commercially unnavigable. Once it reaches Hit, the Euphrates is still only navigable by very shallow-draft boats. After Hit, Ramadi is the next major city along on the Euphrates. In Ramadi, a part of the river is diverted to feed a man-made lake called

Lake Habbaniyah Lake Habbaniyah ( ''Baḥīra al-Ḥabbāniya'') is a lake located halfway between Ramadi and Fallujah near Al-Taqaddum (TQ) Air Base in Al Habbaniyah in Anbar Province, Iraq. In the late 1930s and 1940s Lake Habbaniyah was used by Imperial Airw ...

. The river then flows through Fallujah, and then a canal intersects with the Euphrates south of Baghdad to link the town of Al-Yusufiyyah (on the Euphrates) with Latifiya (on the Tigris in Baghdad) through the industrial part of Baghdad. Also, Shatt al-Hayy. North of

Basra Basra ( ar, ٱلْبَصْرَة, al-Baṣrah) is an Iraqi city located on the Shatt al-Arab. It had an estimated population of 1.4 million in 2018. Basra is also Iraq's main port, although it does not have deep water access, which is han ...

, in southern

, the river merges with the

Tigris The Tigris () is the easternmost of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia, the other being the Euphrates. The river flows south from the mountains of the Armenian Highlands through the Syrian and Arabian Deserts, and empties into the ...

to form the Shatt al-Arab, this in turn empties into the

Persian Gulf The Persian Gulf ( fa, خلیج فارس, translit=xalij-e fârs, lit=Gulf of Fars, ), sometimes called the ( ar, اَلْخَلِيْجُ ٱلْعَرَبِيُّ, Al-Khalīj al-ˁArabī), is a mediterranean sea in Western Asia. The bod ...

. The river used to divide into many channels at Basra, forming an extensive marshland, but the marshes were largely drained by the

Saddam Hussein Saddam Hussein ( ; ar, صدام حسين, Ṣaddām Ḥusayn; 28 April 1937 – 30 December 2006) was an Iraqi politician who served as the fifth president of Iraq from 16 July 1979 until 9 April 2003. A leading member of the revolutio ...

government in the 1990s as a means of driving out the rebellious Marsh Arabs. Since the

2003 invasion of Iraq The 2003 invasion of Iraq was a United States-led invasion of the Republic of Iraq and the first stage of the Iraq War. The invasion phase began on 19 March 2003 (air) and 20 March 2003 (ground) and lasted just over one month, including 26 ...

, the drainage policy has been reversed, but it remains to be seen whether the marshes will recover. *

Al Hillah Hillah ( ar, ٱلْحِلَّة ''al-Ḥillah''), also spelled Hilla, is a city in central Iraq on the Hilla branch of the Euphrates River, south of Baghdad. The population is estimated at 364,700 in 1998. It is the capital of Babylon Province an ...

Al Kifl Al Kifl ( ar, الكفل; also known as Kifl) is a town in southeastern Iraq on the Euphrates River, between Najaf and Al Hillah. The population in and near the town is about 15,000. Kifl is the location of Al-Nukhailah Mosque, containing the tom ...

* Al-Hanaya *

* Al Diwaniyah * Fallujah *

Haditha , settlement_type = City , image_skyline = Inbound3292807512093856589نواعير حديثة.jpg , imagesize = , image_caption = , image_map = , mapsize = , map_caption ...

Haqlaniyah Al-Haqlaniyah (Arabic: الحقلانية, al-Ḥaqlānīyah) is an Iraqi town on the Euphrates River in Al-Anbar province Al Anbar Governorate ( ar, محافظة الأنبار; ''muḥāfaẓat al-’Anbār''), or Anbar Province, is the large ...

* Hīt, Iraq *

Iskandariya Al-Iskandariya or Alexandria ( ar, الإسكندرية, also given as Iskandariyah, Iskanderiyah, Iskanderiya, Iskanderiyeh or Sikandariyeh or Al Askandariyah) is an ancient city in central Iraq, one of a number of towns in the Near East found ...

* Khan al Baghdadi *

Kufa Kufa ( ar, الْكُوفَة ), also spelled Kufah, is a city in Iraq, about south of Baghdad, and northeast of Najaf. It is located on the banks of the Euphrates River. The estimated population in 2003 was 110,000. Currently, Kufa and Najaf a ...

(

Najaf Najaf ( ar, ٱلنَّجَف) or An-Najaf al-Ashraf ( ar, ٱلنَّجَف ٱلْأَشْرَف), also known as Baniqia ( ar, بَانِيقِيَا), is a city in central Iraq about 160 km (100 mi) south of Baghdad. Its estimated popula ...

) * Karbala *

Musayyib Musayyib ( ar, المسيب) is an increasing majority Shia Arab town in the Babil Province, Iraq. As of 2018, its population was 57,300. Musayyib sits on both the east and west banks of the Euphrates River, which splits into the Hindiya and Hill ...

* Nasiriyah * Al-Qa'im (town) *

Ramadi Ramadi ( ar, ٱلرَّمَادِي ''Ar-Ramādī''; also formerly rendered as ''Rumadiyah'' or ''Rumadiya'') is a city in central Iraq, about west of Baghdad and west of Fallujah. It is the capital and largest city of Al Anbar Governorate w ...

* Rawah * Saddat al Hindiyah * Samawah

Al Anbar Province

The following section lists the cities and town in order along the Euphrates river, within the Al Anbar province.

Al Qaim District

* Qusaybah * Sa' dah * Al Ubaydi * As Sammah * Mish 'al * Shaqaqivah * Al Jurn * Babiye * Artajah * An Nayah

Anah district

* Al Mahdiyah * Al Ajjamiyah * Rawa *

Haditha District

* Abu Tughrah * Wastan * Imam Nur ud din *

Sulaymaniyah Sulaymaniyah, also spelled as Slemani ( ku, سلێمانی, Silêmanî, ar, السليمانية, as-Sulaymāniyyah), is a city in the east of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, not far from the Iran–Iraq border. It is surrounded by the Azmar, G ...

* Subhaniyah * Matmash * Hawijat Sulaymaniyah * Mirjalan * Arrabi * Jadidah * Dardasah * Suwaynikh * Siflah * Tasiyah

Heet District

Sawari In traditional Japanese music, ''sawari'' is the name of a buzzy sound quality, or timbre, that is often found in and/or expected of certain traditional stringed instruments. In the shamisen, for example, the sound quality is produced by the fir ...

* Jaudafyah * Samaniyah * Jubbah (Iraq) * Jubariyah * Waddahiyah * Juwaniyah *

Mashad Mashhad ( fa, مشهد, Mašhad ), also spelled Mashad, is the second-most-populous city in Iran, located in the relatively remote north-east of the country about from Tehran. It serves as the capital of Razavi Khorasan Province and has a po ...

* Al Baghdadi * Charraf *

(duplicate city) * Daniqiyah * Marabdiyah * Yardah * Bashiri * Samalah * Zara * Kassiya * Mashquqah * Qabatiyah * Sidhadiyah * Baziyah * Khadaram * Mufrawda' * Sahliyah * Jallawiyah * Maskhan * Natil * Sadqah *

Hit, Iraq Hīt, also spelled ''Heet'' ( ar, هيت), ancient name ''Is'', is an Iraqi city in Al-Anbar province. Hīt lies northwest of Ramadi, the provincial capital. Straddling the Euphrates River, the city of Hīt was originally a small walled town su ...

* Banrani * Khauza * Abu Naml * Zuwayyah * Aqabah * Abu tibban * Khan Abu Rayt

Ramadi District

* Zanqurah * Gothia * Say yid 'Abd Allah 'Ali * 'Arab Abd al Khalat *

* 'Ajal as Salim * 'Ali an Numan *

Fadil Fazl ( ar, فضل ) is an Arabic word meaning ''grace'' or ''virtue''. It may also be transliterated as Fadl, or with the addition of an extra vowel. It is used as a given name, and also as a constituent of several compound names.{{cite book, title ...

* Malahimah *

Habbaniyah Al Habbaniyah or Habbaniya ( ar, ٱلْحَبَّانِيَّة, ''al-Ḥabbānīyah'') is a city 85 km (53 mi) west of Baghdad in Al-Anbar Province, in central Iraq. A military airfield, RAF Habbaniya, was the site of a battle in 1941, during Wor ...

( Khaldia)

References

{{Reflist

Sources

22 July 2003: 094 A3 Anbar populated areas 1.pdf

22 July 2003: 095 A3 Anbar populated areas 2.pdf