The following is a list of Mongol rulers. The list of states is chronological but follows the development of different dynasties.

Khamag Mongol (1120s–1206)

Kaidu Kaidu (Middle Mongol: , Modern Mongol: / , ; ; c. 1230 – 1301) was a grandson of the Mongol khagan Ögedei (1185–1241) and thus leader of the House of Ögedei and the ''de facto'' khan of the Chagatai Khanate, a division of the Mongol Em ...

– the first Khan to unite the

Mongol The Mongols ( mn, Монголчууд, , , ; ; russian: Монголы) are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia, Inner Mongolia in China and the Buryatia Republic of the Russian Federation. The Mongols are the principal member ...

clans *

Khabul Khan Khabul Khan ( mn, Хабул хан; ), also rendered as Qabul Khan, Kabul Khan and Khabul Khagan, (b. 1090s/1100 – d. 1130 CE.) was the founder and first known Khan of the Khamag Mongol confederation and great-grandfather of Genghis Khan. and ...

– the first Khan of the

Khamag Mongol Khamag Mongol ( mn, Хамаг монгол, Khamag mongol, lit=the whole Mongol; ) was a major Mongolic tribal confederation (khanlig) on the Mongolian Plateau in the 12th century. It is sometimes considered to be a predecessor state to the ...

confederation * Ambaghai Khan *

Hotula Khan Hotula Khan or Qutula Khan ( Traditional Mongolian:; ;) (b. 1111 – d. 1161) was a Khan of Khamag Mongol and the son of Khabul Khan, and thus great-uncle of the Genghis Khan, and the nephew of Khaduli Barlas who was the ancestor of Barlas Mon ...

Yesugei Yesugei Baghatur or Yesükhei ( Traditional Mongolian: ; Modern Mongolian: Есүхэй баатар, ''Yesukhei baatar'', ; ) (b. 1134 – d. 1171) was a major chief of the Khamag Mongol confederation and the father of Temüjin, later known as ...

''(de facto)'' * Genghis Khan

Mongol Empire (1206–1368)

Great Khans and Yuan dynasty

Before Kublai Khan announced the dynastic name "Great Yuan" in 1271, Khagans (Great Khans) of the Mongol Empire (''Ikh Mongol Uls'') already started to use the Chinese title of

Emperor An emperor (from la, imperator, via fro, empereor) is a monarch, and usually the sovereignty, sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress, the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife (empress consort), ...

() practically in the

Chinese language Chinese (, especially when referring to written Chinese) is a group of languages spoken natively by the ethnic Han Chinese majority and many minority ethnic groups in Greater China. About 1.3 billion people (or approximately 16% of the ...

since Genghis Khan (as ). With the establishment of the

Yuan dynasty The Yuan dynasty (), officially the Great Yuan (; xng, , , literally "Great Yuan State"), was a Mongol-led imperial dynasty of China and a successor state to the Mongol Empire after its division. It was established by Kublai, the fift ...

in 1271, the Kublaids became Yuan emperors, who took on a dual identity of Khagan for the Mongols and Huangdi for ethnic Han. GENEALOGY

* Genghis Khan (1206–1227) * Tolui Khan (as Regent) (1227–1229) *

Ögedei Khan Ögedei Khagan (also Ogodei;, Mongolian: ''Ögedei'', ''Ögüdei''; – 11 December 1241) was second khagan-emperor of the Mongol Empire. The third son of Genghis Khan, he continued the expansion of the empire that his father had begun. ...

(1229–1241) *

Töregene Khatun Töregene Khatun (also Turakina, , ) (d. 1246) was the Great Khatun and regent of the Mongol Empire from the death of her husband Ögedei Khan in 1241 until the election of her eldest son Güyük Khan in 1246. Background Töregene was born ...

(as Regent) (1241–1246) *

Güyük Khan Güyük (also Güyug;; ''c''. March 19, 1206 – April 20, 1248) was the third Khagan-Emperor of the Mongol Empire, the eldest son of Ögedei Khan and a grandson of Genghis Khan. He reigned from 1246 to 1248. Appearance According to Giovann ...

(1246–1248) * Oghul Qaimish (as Regent) (1248–1251) *

Möngke Khan Möngke ( mn, ' / Мөнх '; ; 11 January 1209 – 11 August 1259) was the fourth khagan-emperor of the Mongol Empire, ruling from 1 July 1251, to 11 August 1259. He was the first Khagan from the Toluid line, and made significant reform ...

(1251–1259) *''

Ariq Böke Ariq Böke (after 1219–1266), the components of his name also spelled Arigh, Arik and Bukha, Buka ( mn, Аригбөх, Arigböh, ; ), was the seventh and youngest son of Tolui and a grandson of Genghis Khan. After the death of his brother the ...

'' (1259–1264) * Kublai Khan (1260–1294) – Khagan title: Setsen; Temple name: Shizu (1271–1294) Era name: Zhongtong (中統) (1260–1264); Zhiyuan (至元) (1264–1294) *

Temür Khan Öljeytü Khan ( Mongolian: Өлзийт; Mongolian script: '; ), born Temür ( mn, Төмөр ; ; October 15, 1265 – February 10, 1307), also known as Emperor Chengzong of Yuan () by his temple name ''Chengzong'', was the second emperor of th ...

– Khagan title: Öljeitu; Temple name: Chengzong – (1294–1307); Era names: Yuanzhen (元貞) (1295–1297); Dade (大德) (1297–1307) *

Külüg Khan Külüg Khan ( Mongolian: Хүлэг; Mongolian script: ; ), born Khayishan (Mongolian: Хайсан ; , mn, Хайсан, meaning "wall"), also known by the temple name Wuzong (Emperor Wuzong of Yuan; ) (August 4, 1281 – January 27, 1311), P ...

– Khagan title: Khülük; Temple name: Wuzong – (1308–1311); Era name: Zhida (至大) (1308–1311) *

Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan Buyantu Khan ( Mongolian: Буянт хаан; Mongolian script: ; ), born Ayurbarwada (Mongolian: Аюурбарбад ; ), also known by the temple name Renzong (Emperor Renzong of Yuan ( Chinese: 元仁宗, April 9, 1285 – March 1, 1320), was ...

– Temple name: Renzong – (1311–1320); Era names: Huangqing (皇慶) (1312–1313); Yanyou (延祐) (1314–1320) *

Gegeen Khan Gegeen Khan ( Mongolian: Гэгээн хаан; Mongol script: ; ''Shidebal Gegegen qaγan''; ; born Shidibala (; 碩德八剌), also known by the temple name Yingzong (Emperor Yingzong of Yuan, Chinese: 元英宗, February 22, 1302 – Septembe ...

– Khagan title: Gegeen; Temple name: Yingzong – (1321–1323); Era name: Zhizhi (至治) (1321–1323) * Yesün-Temür – Temple name: Taiding Di – (1323–1328); Era names: Taiding (泰定) (1321–1328); Zhihe (致和) 1328 * Ragibagh Khan – Temple name: Tianshun Di; Era name: Tianshun (天順) (1328) *

Jayaatu Khan Tugh Temür Jayaatu Khan ( Mongolian: Заяат хаан ; ''Jayaγatu qaγan''; ), born Tugh Temür (Mongolian: Төвтөмөр ; ), also known by the temple name Wenzong (Emperor Wenzong of Yuan, ; 16 February 1304 – 2 September 1332), was an emperor of ...

– Khagan title: Jayaaatu; Temple name: Wenzong – (1328–1329 / 1329–1332); Era names: Tianli (天歷) (1328–1330); Zhishun (至順) (1330–1332) *

Khutughtu Khan Kusala Khutughtu Khan ( mn, Хутагт хаан; Mongolian script: ; ), born Kuśala (Mongolian: Хүслэн ; , sa, कुशल means virtuous/wholesome), also known by the temple name Mingzong (Emperor Mingzong of Yuan, ; 22 December 1300 – 3 ...

– Khagan title: Khutughtu; Temple name: Mingzong; Era name: Tianli (天歷) (1329) *

Rinchinbal Khan Rinchinbal Khan ( Mongolian: Ринчинбал , bo, རིན་ཆེན་དཔལ།; Emperor Ningzong of Yuan, ; May 1, 1326 – December 14, 1332), was a son of Kuśala who was briefly installed to the throne of the Yuan dynasty of Chin ...

– Temple name: Ningzong; Era name: Zhishun (至順) (1332) *

Toghon Temür Toghon Temür ( mn, Тогоонтөмөр; Mongolian script: ; ; 25 May 1320 – 23 May 1370), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Huizong of Yuan () bestowed by the Northern Yuan dynasty and by his posthumous ...

– Khagan title: Ukhaantu; Temple name: Huizong ; Shundi – (1333–1370); Era names: Zhishun (至順) (1333); Yuantong (元統) (1333–1335); Zhiyuan (至元) (1335–1340); Zhizheng (至正) (1341–1368); Zhiyuan (至元) 1368–1370

Golden Horde

Batu Khan Batu Khan ( – 1255),, ''Bat haan'', tt-Cyrl, Бату хан; ; russian: хан Баты́й was a Mongol ruler and founder of the Golden Horde, a constituent of the Mongol Empire. Batu was a son of Jochi, thus a grandson of Genghis Kh ...

(1227–1255) *

Sartaq Sartaq (or Sartak, Sartach, mn, Сартаг, tt-Cyrl, Сартак) Khan (died 1257) was the son of Batu Khan and Regent Dowager Khatun Boraqchin of Alchi Tatar.Rashid al-Din - Universal History, see: ''Tale of Jochids'' Sartaq succeeded B ...

(1255–56) *

Ulaghchi Ulaghchi (Ulaqchi or Ulavchii) Khan ( mn, Улаагч Хаан, tt-Cyrl, Улакчы хан) (died 1257) was the third khan of the Blue Horde and Golden Horde, ruling for less than a year in 1257. Life It is not clear whether Ulaghchi was t ...

(1257) * Berke (1257–1266) *

Mengu-Timur Munkh Tumur or Möngke Temür ( mn, ᠮᠦᠨᠺᠬᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ, Мөнхтөмөр; russian: Мангутемир, Mangutemir) (?–1280), son of Toqoqan Khan and Köchu Khatun of Oirat (daughter of Toralchi Küregen and granddaughter of ...

(1266–1282) *

Tuda Mengu Tuda Mengu, also known as Tode Mongke, Tudamongke ( mn, Тодмөнх/Todmönkh or Tudamönkh, lit=Eternal Brightness), was khan of the Golden Horde, division of the Mongol Empire from 1280 to 1287. Biography Tode Mongke was the son of Toqoqa ...

(1282–1287) * Talabuga (1287–1291) *

Toqta Tokhta (Toqta, Toktu, Tokhtai, Tochtu or Tokhtogha) (died ) was a khan of the Golden Horde, son of Mengu-Timur and great-grandson of Batu Khan. His name "Tokhtokh" means "hold/holding" in the Mongolian language. Early reign under Nogai In 1 ...

(1291–1312) *

Uzbeg Khan The Uzbeks ( uz, , , , ) are a Turkic ethnic group native to the wider Central Asian region, being among the largest Turkic ethnic group in the area. They comprise the majority population of Uzbekistan, next to Kazakh and Karakalpak m ...

(1312–1341) * Tini Beg (1341–1342) *

Jani Beg Jani Beg ( fa, , tt-Latn, Canibäk), also known as Djanibek Khan, was a Khan of the Golden Horde from 1342 to 1357, succeeding his father Öz Beg Khan. Reign With the support of his mother Taydula Khatun, Jani Beg made himself khan after eli ...

(1342–1357) *

Berdi Beg Berdi Beg or Berdibek ( fa, , tt-Latn, Möxämmät Bärdibäk) was Khan of the Golden Horde from 1357 to 1359, having succeeded his father Jani Beg. Berdi Beg was the last khan to rule before the beginning of a long cycle of civil wars in the ...

(1357–1361) *

Qulpa Qulpa (Qūlpā, sometimes read as ''Qulna'' (Qūlnah); ''Kulpa'' and ''Askulpa'' in Russian chronicles, and ''Colbadinus Cam'' in a contemporary Venetian document), was Khan of the Golden Horde from August 1359 to February 1360. He came to the th ...

(1359–1360) * Nawruz Beg (1360–1361) *

Khidr Al-Khidr () ( ar, ٱلْخَضِر, al-Khaḍir), also transcribed as al-Khadir, Khader, Khidr, Khizr, Khazer, Khadr, Khedher, Khizir, Khizar, is a figure described but not mentioned by name in the Quran as a righteous servant of God possessing g ...

(1361–1362) *Timur Khwaja (1362) *Abdallah (1362–1370), actual ruler was Mamai *Murad (1362–1367), actual ruler was Mamai *Aziz (1367–1369), actual ruler was Mamai *Jani Beg II (1369–1370), actual ruler was Mamai *Muhammad Bolak (1370–1379), actual ruler was Mamai * Tulun Beg Khanum (as regent) (1370–1373), actual ruler was Mamai *Aig Beg (1373–1376), actual ruler was Mamai *Arab Shaykh (1376–1379), actual ruler was Mamai *Kagan Beg (1375–1376), actual ruler was Mamai *Ilbani (1373–1376), actual ruler was Mamai *Hajji Cherkes (1375–1376), actual ruler was Mamai * Urus Khan (1376–1378), Urus was also Khan of the White Horde and uncle of Toqtamish, allowing the Hordes to unite. *Muhammad Bolaq (1375), actual ruler was Mamai *Ghiyath-ud-din Khaqan Beg (1375–1377) * Toqtaqiya (1377) *Arab Shah Muzaffar (1377–1380), actual ruler was Mamai * Timur-Malik (1377–1378) *Ghiyath-ud-din Khaqan Beg (1375–1377) *

Tokhtamysh Tokhtamysh ( kz, Тоқтамыс, tt-Cyrl, Тухтамыш, translit=Tuqtamış, fa, توقتمش),The spelling of Tokhtamysh varies, but the most common spelling is Tokhtamysh. Tokhtamısh, Toqtamysh, ''Toqtamış'', ''Toqtamıs'', ''Toktamy ...

(1380–1395) *

Temür Qutlugh Temür Qutlugh or Tīmūr Qutluq ( 1370 – 1399) was a Khan of Golden Horde in 1397–1399. Ancestry According to the detailed genealogies of the ''Muʿizz al-ansāb'' and the ''Tawārīḫ-i guzīdah-i nuṣrat-nāmah'', Tīmūr Qutluq was th ...

(1396–1401), actual ruler was

Edigu Edigu (or Edigey) (also İdegäy or Edege Mangit) (1352–1419) was a Mongol Muslim emir of the White Horde who founded a new political entity, which came to be known as the Nogai Horde. Edigu was from the Crimean Manghud tribe, the son of B ...

* Shadi Beg (1399–1407), actual ruler was

Pulad Pūlād (''Bulat Saltan'' in the Russian chronicles) was a Khan of the Golden Horde for three years, 1407–1410, in the waning days of the khanate. He ruled as the protégé of the beglerbeg Edigu. Ancestry According to the ''Muʿizz al-ansā ...

(1407–1410), actual ruler was

*Temür (1410–1412) *

Jalal ad-Din khan Jalal al-Din or Jalāl ad-Dīn ( Persian: ; Tatar: ''Cäläletdin''; Kazakh: ''Jäleläddin''; Polish: ''Dżalal ad-Din'') (1380–1412) was the Khan of the Golden Horde in 1411–1412. He was the son of Tokhtamysh, Khan of the Golden Horde until ...

(1411–1412) *Feicüs al-Doste (1413–1414) *Karimberdi *Kebeg * Jabbar Berdi (1417–1419) * Olugh Mokhammad (1419–1421, 1428–1433) * Dawlat Berdi (1419–1421, 1427–1432) * Baraq (1422–1427) * Seyid Akhmed (1433–1435) *

Küchük Muhammad Küchük Muḥammad or Kīchīk Muḥammad (; 28 June 1391 – 1459) was a Mongol Khan of the Golden Horde from 1433 until his death in 1459. He was the son of Tīmūr Khan, possibly by a daughter of the powerful beglerbeg Edigu. His name, "L ...

(1435–1459) * Mahmud (1459–1465) * Ahmed (1465–1481) *Shayk Ahmad (1481–1498, 1499–1502) * Murtada (1498–1499)

Left wing (White Horde)

* Orda (1226–1251) * Qun Quran (1251–c.1280) * Köchü (c.1280–1302) * Buyan (Bayan) (1302–1309) * Sasibuqa (1309–1315) * Ilbasan (1315–1320) *

Mubarak Khwaja Mubarak Khwaja ( kk, Мүбәрәк Қожа, fa, ) was the khan of White Horde in 1320–1344. He succeeded his brother, Ilbasan, with the assistance of Uzbeg, Khan of the Golden Horde and the House of Batu. However, he declared his independ ...

(1320–1344) * Chimtay (1344–1374) * Urus (1374–1376) * Toqtaqiya (1376) * Timur-Malik (1377) *

(1377–1378) *Koiruchik (1378–1399) * Baraq (1423–1428) *Muhammed (1428–1431) *Mustafa (1431–1446) ''This Horde was annexed by

Abu'l-Khayr Khan Abu'l-Khayr Khan ( uz, Abulxayirxon) (1412–1468) was a Khan of the Uzbek Khanate which united the nomadic Central Asian tribes.

of the

Shaybanids The Shibanids or Shaybanids ( fa, سلسله شیبانیان) or more accurately the Abu'l-Khayrid-Shibanids were a Persianized''Introduction: The Turko-Persian tradition'', Robert L. Canfield, Turko-Persia in Historical Perspective, ed. Robert L. ...

in 1446''.

Right wing (Blue Horde)

Actual rulers of the Golden Horde (Jochid Ulus, Kipchak Khanate) were members of the House of Batu until 1361. *

(1227–1255) *

(1255–56) *

(1257) * Berke (1257–1266) *

(1266–1282) *

(1282–1287) * Talabuga (1287–1291) *

(1291–1312) * Öz Beg Khan (1312–1341) * Tini Beg (1341–1342) *

(1342–1357) *

(1357–1361) *

(1359–1360) * Nawruz Beg (1360–1361) *

(1361–1362) *Timur Khwaja (1362) *Abdallah (1362–1370), actual ruler was Mamai

Great Horde (1466–1502)

Ilkhanate

* Hülëgü (1256–1265) *

Abaqa Abaqa Khan (27 February 1234 – 4 April 1282, mn, Абаха/Абага хан (Khalkha Cyrillic), ( Traditional script), "paternal uncle", also transliterated Abaġa), was the second Mongol ruler (''Ilkhan'') of the Ilkhanate. The son of Hul ...

(1265–1282) *

Tekuder Ahmed Tekuder ( Mongolian: ''Tegülder'', meaning “perfect”; fa, تکودر) (c.1246 10 August 1284), also known as Sultan Ahmad (reigned 1282–1284), was the sultan of the Persian-based Ilkhanate, son of Hulegu and brother of Abaqa. He w ...

(1282–1284) *

Arghun Arghun Khan (Mongolian Cyrillic: ''Аргун хан''; Traditional Mongolian: ; c. 1258 – 10 March 1291) was the fourth ruler of the Mongol empire's Ilkhanate, from 1284 to 1291. He was the son of Abaqa Khan, and like his father, was a dev ...

(1284–1291) *

Gaykhatu Gaykhatu ( Mongolian script:; ) was the fifth Ilkhanate ruler in Iran. He reigned from 1291 to 1295. His Buddhist baghshi gave him the Tibetan name Rinchindorj () which appeared on his paper money. Early life He was born to Abaqa and Nukdan ...

(1291–1295) *

Baydu Baydu (Mongolian script:; ) (died 1295) was the sixth ruler of the Mongol empire's Ilkhanate division in Iran. He was the son of Taraqai, who was in turn the fifth son of Hulagu Khan.Stevens, John. ''The history of Persia. Containing, the lives and ...

(1295) * Ghazan (1295–1304) *

Öljaitü Öljaitü ( mn, , Öljaitü Qaghan, fa, اولجایتو), also known as Mohammad-e Khodabande ( fa, محمد خدابنده, ''khodābande'' from Persian meaning the "slave of God" or "servant of God"; 1280 – December 16, 1316), was the eig ...

(1304–1316) * Abu Sa'id (1316–1335) * Arpa Ke'ün (1335–1336) After the murder of Arpa, the regional states established during the disintegration of the Ilkhanate raised their own candidates as claimants. *

Musa Musa may refer to: Places * Mūša, a river in Lithuania and Latvia * Musa, Azerbaijan, a village in Yardymli Rayon * Musa, Iran, a village in Ilam Province * Musa, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Iran *Musa, Kerman, Iran * Musa, Bukan, West Azerbaija ...

(1336–1337) (puppet of 'Ali Padshah of Baghdad) *

Muhammad Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet divinely inspired to preach and confirm the mo ...

(1336–1338) (

Jalayirid The Jalayirid Sultanate was a culturally Persianate, Mongol Jalayir dynasty which ruled over Iraq and western Persia after the breakup of the Mongol khanate of Persia in the 1330s.Bayne Fisher, William. ''The Cambridge History of Iran'', p.3: ...

puppet) *

Sati Beg Sati Beg ( 1316–1345) was an Ilkhanid princess, the sister of Il-Khan Abu Sa'id (r. 1316–1333). She was the consort of ''amir'' Chupan (1319–1327), Il-Khan Arpa (r. 1335–36), and Il-Khan Suleiman (r. 1339–1343). In 1338� ...

(1338–1339) ( Chobanid puppet) * Sulayman (1339–1343) (Chobanid puppet, recognized by the Sarbadars 1341–1343) *

Jahan Temür Jahan Temür was a Jalayirid puppet for the throne of the Ilkhanate in the late 1330s. Life He was son of Alafrang and the grandson of Gaykhatu and Jalayirid Dondi Khatun. His family was fallen out favor after Ghazan's ascension to the throne. Hi ...

(1339–1340) (Jalayirid puppet) *

Anushirwan Anushirwan Khan ( fa, انوشیروان خان, ''Anūshīrvān Khān'') occupied the Ilkhanid throne from 1344 until his death in 1357. He was a puppet of the Chobanid ruler Malek Ashraf Malek Ashraf (), (-1357) was a Chupanid ruler of northwe ...

(1343–1356) (non-dynastic Chobanid puppet) * Ghazan II (1356–1357) (known only from coinage) ''Claimants from eastern Persia (Khurasan):'' * Togha Temür (c. 1338–1353) (recognized by the Kartids 1338–1349; by the Jalayirids 1338–1339, 1340–1344; by the Sarbadars 1338–1341, 1344, 1353) * Luqman (1353–1388) (son of Togha Temür)

Chobanids (1335–1357)

Jalayirid Sultanate (1335–1432)

Injuids (1335–1357)

Arghun Dynasty (1479?–1599?)

Chagatai Khanate

Chagatai Khan Chagatai Khan ( Mongolian: ''; Čaɣatay''; mn, Цагадай, translit=Tsagadai; chg, , ''Čaġatāy''; ug, چاغاتاي خان, ''Chaghatay-Xan''; zh, 察合台, ''Chágětái''; fa, , ''Joghatây''; 22 December 1183 – 1 July 1242) ...

1226–1242 * Qara Hülëgü 1242–1246 d. 1252 * Yesü Möngke 1246–1252 *Qara Hülëgü (restored) 1252 * Mubarak Shah 1252–1260 **

Orghana Orghana (Orakina or Ergene Khatun) was an Oirat princess of the Mongol Empire and Empress of the Chagatai Khanate. She was a daughter of Torolchi, chief of the Oirats and Checheyikhen, daughter of Genghis Khan. She served as regent in the name of ...

Khatun (fem.), regent 1252–1260 *

Alghu Alghu (d. 1265 or 1266) was a khan of the Chagatai Khanate (1260–1265/6). He was the son of Baidar and the grandson of Chagatai Khan. Biography In 1260 he was appointed as head of the ''ulus'' of the Chagatai Khanate by the Great Khan claimant ...

1260–1266 *Mubarak Shah (restored) 1266 * Baraq 1266–1270 * Negübei 1270–c. 1272 * Buqa Temür c. 1272–1287 *

Duwa Duwa (; died 1307), also known as Du'a, was khan of the Chagatai Khanate (1282–1307). He was the second son of Baraq. He was the longest reigning monarch of the Chagatayid Khanate and accepted the nominal supremacy of the Yuan dynasty as ...

1287–1307 * Könchek 1306–1308 *

Taliqu Taliqu was Khan of the Chagatai Khanate (1308–1309). He was the son of Qadaqchi and a princess of Kerman, and a grandson of Büri. Following the death of Könchek, Taliqu seized power and became Khan. As a Muslim, he attempted to convert his ...

1308–1309 *

Kebek Kebek (died 1325/1326) was khan of the Chagatai Khanate from 1309 until 1310, and again from c. 1318 until his death. Early life Kebek was the son of Duwa, who was the Khan from 1282 until 1307. Duwa sent several expeditions to the Delhi Sul ...

1309 d. 1325 * Esen Buqa I 1309–c. 1318 *Kebek (restored) c. 1318–1325 *

Eljigidey Eljigidey was khan of the Chagatai Khanate, a division of the Mongol Empire in 1326–1329. He was the son of Duwa. After the death of his brother Kebek, Eljigidey took control of the Chagatai Khanate. He was involved in the succession strug ...

1325–1329 * Duwa Temür 1329–1330 * Aladdin Tarmashirin 1331–1334 *

Buzan Buzan (alt. Buzun) was khan of the Chagatai Khanate from 1333 to 1334 (or from 1334 to 1335). He was the son of Duwa Temür. Following the death of his uncle Tarmashirin, Buzan took control of the khanate. Sources described him as a Muslim, t ...

1334–1335 *

Changshi Changshi (; r. 1335–1338The Cambridge History of Iran By William Bayne Fisher, John Andrew Boyle, Ilya Gershevitch. Vol. V, p.421) was one of the last effective khans of the Chagatai Khanate. His father was prince Ebugen who was the son of Duwa, ...

1335–1338 * Yesun Temur c. 1338–c. 1342 with... *

'Ali-Sultan Ali Khalil, also known as Ali-Sultan , was the khan (r.1342/1343) of the Chagatai Khanate. He was a descendant of Qadan, son of the second Great Khan Ögedei. 'Ali attacked the ordo (palace) of Yesun Temur and usurped the throne. He was the ...

1342 *

Muhammad I ibn Pulad Muhammad I ibn Pulad was a Khan (r. 1342–1343) of the Chagatai Khanate. He was a great-great-grandson of Chagatai Khan Ghiyas-ud-din Baraq. Not much is known about him other than the fact that he waged ''jihad'' against the Buddhist inhabitan ...

1342–1343 *

Qazan Khan ibn Yasaur Qazan (died 1346) was khan of the Chagatai Khanate from until his death. Biography Qazan was the son of Yasa'ur, a Chagatayid prince who had revolted in the 1310s. Upon his accession to the throne, he attempted to increase his power within the ...

1343–1346 *

Danishmendji Danishmendji (died 1348) was Khan of the Chagatai Khanate from 1346 to 1348. He was the second Khan of the Chagatai ''ulus'' to be descended from Ögedei. In 1346 he was raised to the Khanship by Amir Qazaghan, who was the leader of the Qara' ...

1346–1348 The Chagatai Khanate was split into two parts, western and eastern.

Moghulistan (Eastern Chagatai Khanate)

* Bayan Qulï 1348–1358 * Shah Temür 1358 *

Tughlugh Timur Tughlugh Timur Khan (also Tughluq Tömür or Tughluk Timur) (1312/13–1363) was the Khan of Moghulistan from c. 1347 and Khan of the whole Chagatai Khanate from c. 1360 until his death. Esen Buqa (a direct descendant of Chagatai Khan) is believe ...

(in Mogulistan 1348–1363) 1358–1363 * Ilyas Khodja (in Mogulistan 1363–1368) 1363 d. 1368 * Adil-Sultan 1363 * Khabul Shah 1364–1370 ''From 1370 on, the Chagatai Khans were puppets of Timur.'' * Suurgatmish 1370–1388 * Sultan Mahmud (Mohammed II) 1388–1402

Kara Del (1383–1513)

Northern Yuan dynasty (1368–1634)

Khagans of the Mongols or

Northern Yuan dynasty The Northern Yuan () was a dynastic regime ruled by the Mongol Borjigin clan based in the Mongolian Plateau. It existed as a rump state after the collapse of the Yuan dynasty in 1368 and lasted until its conquest by the Jurchen-led Later Ji ...

(rump state of

until 1388): *

(1368–1370) *

Biligtü Khan Ayushiridara Biligtü Khan ( Mongolian: Билэгт; Mongolian script: ; ) or the Emperor Zhaozong of Northern Yuan (), born Ayushiridara ( mn, Аюушридар ; ; sa, आयुष्य तल् means preservative of life), (23 January 1340 – April o ...

(1370–1378) * Uskhal Khan Tögüs Temür (1378–1388) * Jorightu Khan Yesüder (1388–1391) – descendant of

* Engke Khan (1391–1394) – descendant of Ariq Böke *

Elbeg Nigülesügchi Khan Nigülesügchi Khan ( mn, Нигүүлсэгч хаан; ), born Elbeg ( mn, Элбэг; ), (1362–1399) was a khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1394 to 1399. ''Erdeniin Tobchi'' claimed that Elbeg was the younger brother of the ...

(1394–1399) * Gün Temür Khan (1399–1402) – descendant of Ariq Böke * Örüg Temür Khan (nickname Guilichi) (1402–1408) – descendant of Ögedei * Öljei Temür Khan (Bunyashiri) (1408–1412) *

Delbeg Khan Delbeg (Mongolian script: mn, Дэлбэг; ), (1395–1415) was a khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1412 to 1415. Delbeg was installed by the Oirats in 1412 as a puppet ruler, but this was not recognized by most of Mongol clans ...

(Dalbag) (1412–1415) – descendant of Ariq Böke * Oyiradai (1415–1425) – descendant of Ariq Böke *

Adai Khan Adai ( Mongolian: mn, Адай; ), (1390–1438) was a khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1425 to 1438. After the prominent eastern Mongol chancellor Arughtai threw his allegiance to him, Adai briefly reunited most of the Mongol ...

(1425–1438) – descendant of Ögedei *

Tayisung Khan Toghtoa Bukha Taisun Khan (Mongolian script, Mongolian: mn, Тайсун хаан; ), born Toghtoa Bukha (), (1416–1452) was a khagan of the Northern Yuan, Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1433 to 1452. Under his nominal rule, the Oirats successfully reu ...

(1433–1452) *

Agbarjin Agbarjin (also spelled Agvarjin and Akbarjin; mn, Агваржин; ), (1423–1454) was a claimant to the throne of the Northern Yuan dynasty in 1453. He was the youngest brother of Tayisung Khan Toghtoa Bukha and Manduul Khan. Tayisung Khan a ...

(1453) *

Esen taishi Esen ( mn, Эсэн; Mongol script: ; ), (?–1454) was a powerful Oirat taishi and the ''de facto'' ruler of the Northern Yuan dynasty between 12 September 1453 and 1454. He is best known for capturing the Emperor Yingzong of Ming in 1450 in t ...

– the leader of the Oirats (1453–1454) – non-Chingisid * Markörgis Khan (Ükegtü) (1454–1465) * Molon Khan (1465–1466) * Manduul Khan (1475–1478) *

Dayan Khan Dayan Khan ( mn, Даян Хаан; Mongol script: ; ), born Batumöngke ( mn, Батмөнх; ), (1472–1517) was a khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1479 to 1517. During his rule, he reunited the Mongols under Chinggisid sup ...

(Batu Möngke) (1478–1516) * Bars Bolud Jinong (deputy) * Bodi Alagh Khan (1516–1547) *

Daraisung Guden Khan Guden Khan ( mn, гүдэн хаан; ), who was born Daraisung (or Darayisung; mn, Дарайсүн; ), (1520–1557) was a khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1547 to 1557. He was the eldest son of Bodi Alagh Khan, whom he succee ...

(1547–1557) *

Tümen Jasagtu Khan Tumen ( zh, 图们) may refer to one of the following. Places *Tumen River, a river in China, North Korea, and Russia * Tumen, Jilin, a city in China People *''Tumen'', Bumin Khan, Turkic Khagan * Tümen Jasagtu Khan, a Khagan of Mongolia in ...

(1557–1592) * Buyan Sechen Khan (1592–1604) *

Ligdan Khan Khutugtu Khan ( mn, Хутагт Хаан; ), born Ligdan ( mn, Лигдэн; ), (1588–1634) was a khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1604 to 1634. During his reign, he vigorously attempted to reunify the divided Mongol Empire, a ...

(1604–1634) *

Ejei Khan Erke Khongghor ( mn, Эрх Хонгор; ), alternatively known as Ejei ( mn, Эжэй; ; "Ejei" means "lord" in the Mongolian language), (?–1641) was the last khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty, ruling briefly from 1634 to 1635. He was the so ...

(1634–1635)

Genghisid Khalkha Khans (1600s–1691)

Independent Khalkha Mongol Khans (before Outer Mongolia merged into Manchu Qing):

Tüsheet Khan Tüsheet Khan ( Mongolian: Түшээт хан; ) refers to the territory as well as the Chingizid dynastic rulers of the Tüsheet Khanate, one of four Khalka khanates that emerged from remnants of the Mongol Empire after the death of Dayan Khan ...
s

* Abtai Sain Khan (1567–1588) *Eriyekhei Mergen Khan (1589–?) *Gombodorji Khan (d. 1655) *Chakhun Dorji Khan (1654–1698)

Jasagtu Khans

*Laikhur Khan *Subandai Khan *Norbu Bisireltü Khan (d. 1661) *Chambun Khan (1670?–) *Zenggün *Shara (d. 1687)

Sechen Khans

*Sholoi (1627–1652), son of Morbuim, succeeded his brother Khar Zagal in 1627. First with the title of Setsen Khan. *Babu (1652–1683), fifth son of Sholoi. *Norov (1683–1688), third son of Babu. Ancestry of Navaanneren /1910–1922/, eldest son of Tserendondov, who was the son of Orjinjav the son of Artased.

Altan Khan of the Khalkha

* Ubasi Khong Tayiji (Shului Ubasha Khong Tayiji) (?-1623) * Badma Erdeni Khong Tayiji (1623-?) * Erinchin Lobsang Tayiji (or Lobdzang or Rinchen Sayin Khong Tayiji) (1658-91)

Oirats

Four Oirat (1399–1634)

*Khuuhai Dayuu (c. 1399) *Ugetchi Khashikha (Mongolian: Ögöchi Khashikha; Mönkhtömör) *Batula Chinsan (Bahamu, Mahamud) (1399–1408) *Togoon Tayisi (Toghan) (1408–1438) * Esen (1438–1454) *Amasanj (1454–1455) *Ush-Temür (Ish-Temür) (1455–1469) *Khishig Urlugh *Arkhan Chingsang

Dzungar Khanate

* Khara Khula (d. 1634) * Baatur Khung-Taiji (1634–1653) * Sengge (1653–1670) *

Galdan Boshugtu Khan Erdeniin Galdan (1644–1697, mn, Галдан Бошигт хаан, , ), known as Galdan Boshugtu Khan (in Mongolian script: ) was a Choros Dzungar- Oirat Khan of the Dzungar Khanate. As fourth son of Erdeni Batur, founder of the Dzungar ...

(1670–1697) * Tsewang Arabtan (1694–1727) * Galdan Tseren Khan (1727–1745) *Tsewang-Dorji-Namjil (1746–1749) *Lamdarja (1749–1752) *Dawachi (1752–1755)

Khans of Khoshut Khanate

Güshi Khan Güshi Khan (1582 – 14 January 1655; ) was a Khoshut prince and founder of the Khoshut Khanate, who supplanted the Tumed descendants of Altan Khan as the main benefactor of the Dalai Lama and the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. In 1637, Güshi ...

Toro-Baikhu (1642–1655) * Dayan Ochir Khan (1655–1669) *Gonchug Dalai Khan (1669–1698) * Lhazang Chingis Khan (1698–1717)

Khotgoid Khanate (late 16th century – late 17th century)

Torghud khans of the Kalmyk Khanate

* Kho Orluk (d. 1644) *Shukhur Daichin (1644–1661) *Puntsuk (1661–1669) *

Ayuka Khan Ayuka or Ayuki Khan (1669–1724) was a Kalmyk leader under whose rule the Kalmyk Khanate reached its zenith in terms of economic, military, and politic power. On behalf of Russia, Ayuka Khan protected the southern borders of Russia, engaging in ...

(1669–1724) *Tseren Donduk Khan (1724–1735) *Donduk Ombo Khan (1735–1741) *Donduk Dashi Khan (1741–1761) *

Ubashi Khan Ubashi Khan (Mongolian: ;Chinese: ; 1744~1774) was a Torghut- Kalmyk prince and the last Khan of the Kalmyk Khanate. In January 1771, he led the return migration of the majority of the Kalmyk people from the Kalmyk steppe to Dzungaria, their ances ...

(1762–1771)

Bogd Khanate of Mongolia (1911–1924)

Bogd Khan Bogd Khan, , ; ( – 20 May 1924) was the khan of the Bogd Khaganate from 1911 to 1924, following the state's ''de facto'' independence from the Qing dynasty of China after the Xinhai Revolution. Born in Tibet, he was the third most importa ...

(r. 1911–19, 1921–24) – Era name: Olnoo Örgögdsön (1911–1924); (the 8th

Jebtsundamba Khutuktu The Jebtsundamba Khutuktu, , ; zh, c=哲布尊丹巴呼圖克圖, p=Zhébùzūn Dānbā Hūtúkètú; bo, རྗེ་བཙུན་དམ་པ་ཧུ་ཐུག་ཐུ་, Jetsün Dampa Hutuktu; "Venerable Excellent incarnate lama" ar ...

) – Tibetan Spiritual head of Mongolian's Geluk Sect.

References

Citations

Sources

* Dughlát Muhammad Haidar, Norbert Elias, Edward Denison Ross – The Tarikh-i-rashidi * Henry Hoyle Howorth-History of the Mongols * Herbert Franke, Denis Twitchett, John King Fairbank -The Cambridge History of China: Alien regimes and border states, 907–1368 * William Bayne Fisher, Peter Jackson, Laurence Lockhart, J. A. Boyle -The Cambridge history of Iran, 5 * Konstantin Nikolaevich Maksimov – Kalmykia in Russia's past and present national policies and administrative system {{Mongol ethnic groups * * * History of the Mongol Empire Lists of khans

Mongolia Mongolia; Mongolian script: , , ; lit. "Mongol Nation" or "State of Mongolia" () is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It covers an area of , with a population of just 3.3 million, ...

Rulers A ruler, sometimes called a rule, line gauge, or scale, is a device used in geometry and technical drawing, as well as the engineering and construction industries, to measure distances or draw straight lines. Variants Rulers have long ...