Kurds ug:كۇردلار
Kurds ( ku, کورد ,Kurd, italic=yes, rtl=yes) or Kurdish people are an Iranian ethnic group native to the mountainous region of Kurdistan in Western Asia, which spans southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, northern Ira ...
Muhammad ibn Husayn al-Rawadi
Muhammad ibn Husayn al-Rawadi was the founder of the Rawadid dynasty, ruling parts of Armenia and Azarbaijan in the mid 10th-century. He was succeeded by his son Abu'l-Hayja Husayn I between 953–956.
Biography
Muhammad ibn Husayn al-Rawadi's ...
(d. c. 953–956)
*
Muhammad ibn Shaddad
Muhammad ibn Shaddad () was the Kurdish founder and first ruler of the Shaddadid dynasty. He captured Dvin from the Sallarids in 951, although apparently the citadel remained in the hands of a Daylamite garrison loyal to the Sallarids. He manage ...
Lashkari ibn Muhammad
Lashkari ibn Muhammad ibn Shaddad was a Kurdish ruler, the son of Muhammad ibn Shaddad. Along with his brothers, he captured Ganja from the Sallarids
The Sallarid dynasty ( fa, سالاریان), (also known as the Musafirids or Langarids) w ...
(d. 978)
*
Hasanwayh Hasanwayh (also spelled Hasanuya), also known as Abu'l-Fawaris, was the Kurdish founder of the Hasanwayhid dynasty, ruling from 961 to 979.
Biography
Hasanwayh was the son of a certain Husayn and was from the Kurdish tribe of Barzikani. By 961 ...
(d. 979)
*
Badr ibn Hasanwayh
Badr ibn Hasanwayh was the second ruler of the Hasanwayhids from 979 to 1014. He was the son and successor of Hasanwayh ().
Biography
During the civil war between the two Buyid brothers Adud al-Dawla () and Izz al-Dawla (), Hasanwayh had suppor ...
()
*
Marzuban ibn Muhammad ibn Shaddad
Marzuban ibn Muhammad ibn Shaddad was a Kurdish ruler, the brother of Lashkari ibn Muhammad. He succeeded his brother to the throne of the Shaddadids in 978. He was incompetent, however, and reigned only until his murder by his younger brother al ...
Ali Hariri
Ali Hariri or Sheikh Ahmed Bohtani (; 1009 in Harir, Iraq, Harir – 1079/1080) was a Kurds, Kurdish poets, poet who wrote in Kurmanji and considered a pioneer in classical Kurdish Sufism, Sufi literature and a founder of the Kurdish literary trad ...
Fadluya
Amir Abu'l-Abbas Fadl, better known as Fadluya (also spelled Fadlawayh), was a Kurdish chieftain of the Shabankara in Fars. He was the son of Ali ibn Hasan ibn Ayyub of the Ramani clan of the Shabankara, and was the founder of the Shabankara dyn ...
()
*
Fadl ibn Muhammad
Al-Fadhl ibn Muhammad al-Shaddadi (also al-Fadl ibn Muhammad, Fadl ibn Muhammad, Fadlun ibn Muhammad, Fadhlun ibn Muhammad, or Fadl I was the Shaddadid emir of Arran from 985 to 1031. Of Kurdish origin, al-Fadhl was called "Fadhlun the Kurd" by i ...
(d. 1031)
*
Abu'l-Fath Musa
Abu'l-Fath Musa succeeded his father al-Fadhl ibn Muhammad to the throne of the Shaddadids
The Shaddadids were a Kurdish Sunni Muslim dynasty. who ruled in various parts of Armenia and Arran from 951 to 1199 AD. They were established in Dvi ...
Abu Mansur Wahsudan
Abu Mansur Wahsudan (also spelled Vahsudan; fa, ابو منصور وهسودان) was the penultimate Rawadid amir (ruler) of Azarbaijan from 1025 to 1058/59. He is considered the most prominent ruler of his dynasty. With the assistance of his ...
Anushirvan ibn Lashkari
Anushirvan ibn Lashkari was the son and successor of Lashkari ibn Musa and briefly the seventh emir of the Shaddadids at Ganja in 1049.
Life
Anushirvan was the second son of Lashkari ibn Musa, probably by his first wife, along with three other ...
Manuchihr ibn Shavur
Manuchihr ibn Shavur was a Shaddadid emir of Ani from 1072 to 1118, the first of the dynasty to rule this key city, formerly an Armenian royal capital.
Manuchihr b. Shavur began his rule under the suzerainty of the Seljuk sultan Malikshah. ...
Fadlun ibn Fadl Fadlun ibn Fadl, or Fadl III was the last ruler of the Kurdish Shaddadids of Arran from Ganja, which is in present-day Azerbaijan. He ruled from 1073 to 1075, until the Seljuk Sultan Malik-Shah removed him from power,''The Political and Dynastic ...
()''The Political and Dynastic History of the Iranic World'', C.E. Bosworth, ''The Cambridge History of Iran:The Saljuq and Mongol Period'', Vol. 5, ed. J.A. Boyle, (Cambridge University Press, 1968), 95.
*
Badh ibn Dustak
Abu ʿAbdullah al-Husayn ibn Dustak al-Harbukhti, Abu Shudjaʿ, or simply Baḍ or Baz (died 991) was a Kurdish tribal leader and one of the most important founders of the Marwanid emirate through the maternal line.
Early life
Baḍ was most ...
(d. 1093/6)
*
Fakhr-un-Nisa
Fakhr-un-Nisa Shuhdah Umm Muhammad al-Baghdadiyyah or Shuhdah al-Baghdadiyyah was a scholar, muhaddith and a calligrapher. Shuhdha was called "the calligrapher, the pride of womanhood, a muhaddithah (female of muhaddith) of Iraq with a high Isnad ...
(11th century)
*
Firuz-Shah Zarrin-Kolah Firuz-Shah Zarrin-Kolah ( fa, فیروزشاه زرین کلاه, lit=King Firuz of the Golden Crown) was a Kurdish dignitary,F. Daftary, "Intellectual Traditions in Islam", I.B.Tauris, 2001. pg 147: "But the origins of the family of Shaykh Safi al ...
(11th century)F. Daftary, "Intellectual Traditions in Islam", I.B.Tauris, 2001. pg 147: "But the origins of the family of Shaykh Safi al-Din go back not to Hijaz but to
Kurdistan
Kurdistan ( ku, کوردستان ,Kurdistan ; lit. "land of the Kurds") or Greater Kurdistan is a roughly defined geo-cultural territory in Western Asia wherein the Kurds form a prominent majority population and the Kurdish culture, languages ...
Fadl ibn Shavur ibn Manuchihr
Fadl ibn Shavur ibn Manuchihr was a Shaddadid emir of Ani from 1125 to 1130.
A son of the deposed emir Abu'l-Aswar Shavur, Fadl was able to retake Ani from the Georgians, but promised to observe the rights of its Christian population. Fadl ex ...
()
*
Fakr al-Din Shaddad ibn Mahmud
Fakr al-Din Shaddad ibn Mahmud was a Shaddadid emir of Ani from sometime after 1131 until 1155.
Fakr al-Din Shaddad b. Mahmud spent most of his reign in attempts to fend off the resurgent Georgians. To this end, he sought to forge a marital all ...
()
*
Saladin
Yusuf ibn Ayyub ibn Shadi () ( – 4 March 1193), commonly known by the epithet Saladin,, ; ku, سهلاحهدین, ; was the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty. Hailing from an ethnic Kurdish family, he was the first of both Egypt and ...
(1137–1193)
*
Al-Adil I
Al-Adil I ( ar, العادل, in full al-Malik al-Adil Sayf ad-Din Abu-Bakr Ahmed ibn Najm ad-Din Ayyub, ar, الملك العادل سيف الدين أبو بكر بن أيوب, "Ahmed, son of Najm ad-Din Ayyub, father of Bakr, the Just ...
(1145–1218)
*
Fadl ibn Mahmud
Fadl V ibn Mahmud was a Shaddadid emir of Ani from 1155 to 1161.
Fadl V succeeded his brother Fakr al-Din Shaddad ibn Mahmud, who was deposed in a revolt. His own rule was brought to end by an invasion by King George III of Georgia, who took An ...
()
*
Sayf al-Din al-Amidi
Sayf al-Din al-Amidi or Muhammad al-Amidi (b. 1156; Diyarbakır - d. 1233 in Damascus) was an influential jurist. Initially a Hanbalite, Al-Amidi belonged to the Shafi`i school and worked to combine ''kalam'' (theology) with existing methods of ...
(1156–1233)
*
Ali ibn al-Athir
Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ash-Shaybānī, better known as ʿAlī ʿIzz ad-Dīn Ibn al-Athīr al-Jazarī ( ar, علي عز الدین بن الاثیر الجزري) lived 1160–1233) was an Arab or Kurdish historian a ...
Al-Afdal ibn Salah ad-Din
Al-Afdal ibn Salah ad-Din ( ar, الأفضل بن صلاح الدين, "most superior"; c. 1169 – 1225, generally known as Al-Afdal (), was one of seventeen sons of Saladin, Sultan of Egypt and Syria, and thus of Kurdish descent. He succeeded ...
(c. 1169–1225)
*
Shirkuh
Asad ad-Dīn Shīrkūh bin Shādhī (; ar, أسد الدين شيركوه بن شاذي), also known as Shirkuh, or Şêrko (meaning "lion of the mountains" in Kurdish) (died 22 February 1169) was a Kurdish military commander, and uncle of Sal ...
(d. 1169)
*
Az-Zahir Ghazi
Al-Malik az-Zahir Ghiyath ud-din Ghazi ibn Yusuf ibn Ayyub (commonly known as az-Zahir Ghazi; 1172 – 8 October 1216) was the Ayyubid emir of Aleppo between 1186 and 1216.
(1172–1216)Cawley, Charles (2007) "Rulers of Aleppo, Damascus, Hamah, Homs, Khelat (Ayubids)" ''Medieval Lands Project'' accessed 27 December 2008
*
Najm ad-Din Ayyub
al-Malik al-Afdal Najm al-Dīn Ayyūb ibn Shādhi ibn Marwān ( ar, الملك ألأفضل نجم الدين أيوب بن شاذي بن مروان Kurdish: Necmeddin Eyûbî) (died August 9, 1173) was a Kurdish soldier and politician from Dvin ...
Al-Kamil
Al-Kamil ( ar, الكامل) (full name: al-Malik al-Kamil Naser ad-Din Abu al-Ma'ali Muhammad) (c. 1177 – 6 March 1238) was a Muslim ruler and the fourth Ayyubid sultan of Egypt. During his tenure as sultan, the Ayyubids defeated the Fifth Cr ...
(1117–1238)
*
Turan-Shah
Shams ad-Din Turanshah ibn Ayyub al-Malik al-Mu'azzam Shams ad-Dawla Fakhr ad-Din known simply as Turanshah ( ar, توران شاه بن أيوب) (died 27 June 1180) was the Ayyubid emir (prince) of Yemen (1174–1176), Damascus (1176–1179), ...
(d. 1180)
*
Ibn al-Salah
Abū ‘Amr ‘Uthmān ibn ‘Abd il-Raḥmān Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn al-Kurdī al-Shahrazūrī () (c. 1181 CE/577 AH – 1245/643), commonly known as Ibn al-Ṣalāḥ, was a Kurdish Shafi'i hadith specialist and the author of the seminal '' Intro ...
(1181–1245)
*
Al-Mu'azzam Turanshah ibn Salah al-Din Al-Muʿaẓẓam Tūrānshāh ibn Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn ( – 1260) was a Kurdish military commander and Ayyubid prince, a son of Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn (Saladin). For his long but undistinguished career, he has been described as "a courage ...
Farrukh Shah
Al-Malik al-Mansur Izz ad-Din Abu Sa'id Farrukhshah Dawud was the Ayyubid Emir of Baalbek between 1179 and 1182 and ''Na'ib'' (Viceroy) of Damascus.
Biography
Farrukh was the son of Saladin's brother Nur ad-Din Shahanshah and the older brother ...
(d. 1182)
*
Muhammad ibn Shirkuh
Nasr ad-Din Abu Abdallah Muhammad ibn Asad ad-Din Shirkuh (sometimes referred to as Nasr ad-Din ibn Shirkuh and al-Malik al-Qahir)Ibn Khallikan’s Biographical Dictionary Vol 1, Cosimo Inc. 2010 p.627 was the Kurdish Ayyubid emir of Homs from ...
(d. 1186)Necipoğlu G. (ed.) Muqarnas: An Annual on Islamic Art and Architecture vol. XI E>J> Brill, Leiden 1994 p. 47
*
Al-Mansur Nasir al-Din Muhammad
Al-Mansur Nasir al-Din Muhammad ( ar, المنصور ناصر الدين محمد بن العزيز; 1189 – after 1216) was the third Ayyubid Sultan of Egypt, reigning in 1198–1200.
Biography
The grandson of the Ayyubid dynasty's founder, Sa ...
(1189– c. 1216)
*
Al-Muzaffar I Umar
Al-Muzaffar Taqi al-Din Umar ( ar, المظفر تقي الدين عمر) (died 1191) was the Kurdish Ayyubid prince of Hama from 1179 to 1191 and a general of Saladin. He was the son of Saladin's brother Nur ad-Din Shahanshah, and brother of Fa ...
(d. 1191)
*
Tughtakin ibn Ayyub
Al-Malik al-Aziz Sayf al-Islam Tughtakin Ahmad ibn Ayyub ( ar, الملك العزيز سيف الإسلام طغتكين أحمد ابن أيوب; also known simply as Sayf al-Islam) was the second Ayyubid emir (prince) of Yemen and Arabia between ...
(d. 1197)
*
Al-Aziz Uthman
Al-Malik Al-Aziz Uthman ibn Salah Ad-Din Yusuf (1171 – 29 November 1198) was the second Ayyubid Sultan of Egypt. He was the second son of Saladin.
Before his death, Saladin had divided his dominions amongst his kin: Al-Afdal received Palest ...
(d. 1198)
*
Al-Mansur I Muhammad
Al-Mansur I Muhammad was the Ayyubid emir of Hama, son of Al Muzaffar Taqi ad-Din Umar and grandson of Nur ad-Din Shahanshah, brother of Saladin and Al-Adil. He ruled from 1191–1219.
Accession
On the death of his father Taqi ad-Din Umar a ...
Mehmed Reshan
Pir Mam Rashan or Pir Mehmed Reshan () was a 12th-century Yazidi saint. The Mam Rashan Shrine on Mount Sinjar was built in honor of him.
As a patron saint of agriculture, he is considered to be the protector of harvests and bringer of rain. His fea ...
Al-Adil II
Al-Malik al-ʿĀdil Sayf ad-Dīn Abū Bakr ibn Nāṣir ad-Dīn Muḥammad ( ar, سيف الدين الملك العادل أبو بكر بن ناصر الدين محمد, better known as al-Adil II) (c. 1221 – 9 February 1248) was the Ayyubid ...
(1221–1248)
*
An-Nasir Yusuf
An-Nasir Yusuf ( ar, الناصر يوسف; AD 1228–1260), fully al-Malik al-Nasir Salah al-Din Yusuf ibn al-Aziz ibn al-Zahir ibn Salah al-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub ibn Shazy (), was the Ayyubid Emir of Syria from his seat in Aleppo (123 ...
(1228–1260)
*
Al-Mujahid
Al Malik Al-Mujahid Asad ad-Din Shirkuh II was the Ayyubid emir of Homs from 1186–1240. He was the son of An-Nasir Muhammad ibn Shirkuh, grandson of Shirkuh and second cousin of Saladin. His domains also included Palmyra and ar-Rahba.
...
Al-Aziz Muhammad
Al-Aziz Muhammad ibn Ghazi ( – 26 November 1236) was the Ayyubid Emir of Aleppo and the son of az-Zahir Ghazi and grandson of Saladin. His mother was Dayfa Khatun, the daughter of Saladin's brother al-Adil.
Al-Aziz was aged just three when ...
Al-Ashraf Musa, Emir of Homs
Al-Ashraf Musa (1229–1263), fully Al-Ashraf Musa ibn al-Mansur Ibrahim ibn Shirkuh ( ar, الأشرف موسى بن المنصور ابراهيم بن شيركوه), was the last Ayyubid prince (''emir'') of Homs, a city located in the central ...
(1229–1263)
*
Dayfa Khatun
Dayfa Khatun ( ar, ضيفة خاتون; died 1242) was Ayyubid princess, and the regent of Aleppo from 26 November 1236 to 1242, during the minority of her grandson An-Nasir Yusuf. She was an Ayyubid princess, as the daughter of Al-Adil, Sult ...
Al-Mansur Ibrahim
Nasir ad-Din al-Malik al-Mansur Ibrahim bin Asad ad-Din Shirkuh, better known as al-Mansur Ibrahim, ( ar, المنصور إبراهيم d. June 28, 1246) was a Kurdish ruler, the ''emir'' ("governor") of the Homs principality from 1240 to 1246 un ...
Al-Ashraf Musa, Sultan of Egypt
Al-Ashraf Muzaffar ad-Din Musa ( ar, الأشرف مظفر الدين موسى) was the last, albeit titular, Ayyubid Sultan of Egypt as the puppet of Izz ad-Din Aybak.
Origins
The family origins of Al-Ashraf Musa are not entirely clear. Accor ...
()
*
Al-Muazzam Turanshah
Turanshah, also Turan Shah ( ar, توران شاه), (? – 2 May 1250), (''epithet:'' al-Malik al-Muazzam Ghayath al-Din Turanshah ( ar, الملك المعظم غياث الدين توران شاه)) was a Kurdish ruler of Egypt, a son of Su ...
(d. 1250)
*
Safi-ad-din Ardabili
Safi-ad-din Ardabili ( fa, شیخ صفیالدین اردبیلی ''Ṣāfī ad-Dīn Isḥāq Ardabīlī''; 1252/3 – 1334) was a poet, mystic, teacher and Sufi master. He was the son-in-law and spiritual heir of the Sufi master Zahed Gila ...
Abulfeda
Ismāʿīl b. ʿAlī b. Maḥmūd b. Muḥammad b. ʿUmar b. Shāhanshāh b. Ayyūb b. Shādī b. Marwān ( ar, إسماعيل بن علي بن محمود بن محمد بن عمر بن شاهنشاه بن أيوب بن شادي بن مروان ...
(1273–1332)
*
Al-Kamil Muhammad
'Al-Malik al-Kamil Muhammad ibn al-Muzaffar Ghazi ibn al-Adil Abu Bakr was the son of al-Muzaffar Ghazi and the last Ayyubid emir (prince) of Mayyafariqin (1247–1260). He is also known as Al Kamil Muhammad II to distinguish from his uncle ...
Husam al-Din Chalabi
Husam al-Din Chalabi, Ebn Akhi Tork ( fa, حسام الدین چلبی, ku, حوسامەدین چەلەبی, tr, Hüsameddin Çelebi) was a Muslim Sufi and a prominent disciple of Rumi. He encouraged Rumi to create his famous work Masnavi and con ...
(13th century)
*
Khatuna Fekhra
Khatuna Fekhra () was a 12th-century Yazidi female saint.
The ''Quba Xatuna Fexra'' (Temple of Khatuna Fekhra) in Mağara, İdil, Şırnak Province, southeastern Turkey was built in honor of her. There is also a shrine built in honor of her i ...
Sheikh Mand
Sheikh Mand or Sheikh Mend () was a 13th-century Yazidi saint. He is the son of Şêx Fexredîn and thus belongs to the Şemsanî lineage of sheikhs. His sister was Khatuna Fekhra
Khatuna Fekhra () was a 12th-century Yazidi female saint ...
Zain al-Din al-'Iraqi
Al-Hafiz Zain al-Din 'Abd al-Rahim al-'Iraqi ( ar, أبو الفضل زين الدين عبد الرحيم العراقي, 1403-1325) was a renowned Kurdish Shafi'i scholar and was the foremost leading hadith scholar at his time.
Biography
He i ...
Al-Afdal Muhammad
Al-Afdal Muhammad ( ar, الأفضل محمد) was the last Ayyubid governor of Hama, in central Syria, reigning from 1332 to 1341. He was the son and successor of Abu'l-Fida, and a descendant of Saladin's brother Nur ad-Din Shahanshah. After the ...
(d. 1341)
*
Mele Perîşan
Mele Perîşan (born Mohammad Abulqasim, 1356–1431, ku, مەلا پەرێشان, translit=Mele Perîşan) was a Kurdish poet who wrote in Kurdish. His main work ''Parishan-nama'' is considered to be the oldest work in Gorani. He also wrote i ...
Shaykh Junayd
Sheikh Junayd (died 1460) ( ''Shaikh Junaid'') was the son of Shaykh Ibrahim, father of Shaykh Haydar and grandfather of the founder of Safavid dynasty, Shah Ismail I. After the death of his father, he assumed the leadership of the Safaviyya from ...
(d. 1460)
*
Ismail I
Ismail I ( fa, اسماعیل, Esmāʿīl, ; July 17, 1487 – May 23, 1524), also known as Shah Ismail (), was the founder of the Safavid dynasty of Safavid Iran, Iran, ruling as its King of Kings (''Shahanshah'') from 1501 to 1524. His re ...
Sultan Sahak Sultan Sahak or Sultan Ishaq Barzanjî ( ku, سوڵتان سەھاک; late 14th century to early 15th century) was a Kurdish religious leader who reformed the modern beliefs of Yarsanism and moreover considered to be the fourth of seven incarnatio ...
(late 14th century to early 15th century)
16th century-19th century
*
Sharafkhan Bidlisi
Sharaf al-Din Khan b. Shams al-Din b. Sharaf Beg Bedlisi ( Kurdish: شەرەفخانی بەدلیسی, ''Şerefxanê Bedlîsî''; fa, شرفالدین خان بن شمسالدین بن شرف بیگ بدلیسی; 25 February 1543 – ) wa ...
Melayê Cizîrî
Melayê Cizîrî (born Shaikh Ahmad), penname Nîşanî ( ku, مەلای جزیری, translit=Melayê Cizîrî, born; Cizre, c. 1570 – died c. 1640) was a Kurdish poet who laid the foundations for Kurdish poetry.
Biography
Born in Cizre of ...
(1570–1640)
*
Asenath Barzani
Asenath Barzani (, 1590–1670), was a Kurdish Jewish female rabbinical scholar and poet who lived near Duhok, Kurdistan.
Biography
Family background
Asenath was born into the Barzani family, a well-known Jewish family in northern Kurd ...
Ezidi Mirza
Ezidi Mirza, Mirza Pasha or Daseni Mirza Beg was a Yezidi leader, who is mentioned in Yezidi sagas, poems and stories due to his heroic and military exploits. He was born 1600 AD in a respected family of the Sheikh caste in the town of Bashiqa, as ...
(1600–1651)
*
Ali Janbulad
Ali Janbulad Pasha (transliterated in Turkish as Canbolatoğlu Ali Paşa; died 1 March 1610) was a Kurdish tribal chief from Kilis and a rebel Ottoman governor of Aleppo who wielded practical supremacy over Syria in . His rebellion, launched ...
Soleyman Khan Ardalan
Soleyman Khan Ardalan was the Ardalan ''beglerbeg'' (governor) of Kurdistan from 1637 to 1657. He is notable for having founded the city of Sanandaj in 1636/37, which would serve as the capital of the Ardalan principality until its dissolution in ...
Ahmad Khani
Ahmad ( ar, أحمد, ʾAḥmad) is an Arabic male given name common in most parts of the Muslim world. Other spellings of the name include Ahmed and Ahmet.
Etymology
The word derives from the root (ḥ-m-d), from the Arabic (), from the ve ...
(1650–1707)
*
Ali Mardan Khan
Ali Mardan Khan ( fa, ; died April 1657) was a Kurdish military leader and administrator, serving under the Safavid kings Shah Abbas I and Shah Safi, and later the Mughal ruler Shah Jahan. He was the son of Ganj Ali Khan. After surrendering ...
Mohamed Pasha Jaff
Mohamed Pasha Jaff, was born in 1714 and was considered the supreme leader of the Jaff tribe. The Sherwana Castle was built by him. The Jaff dialect (called Jaffi) is part of Sorani, a south-southeastern branch of Kurdish language family. The reg ...
Zaro Aga
Zaro Aga ( tr, Zaro Ağa, ku, زارۆ ئاغا) was a Turkish-Kurd who claimed to be one of the longest-living persons ever. He claimed his birth on 16 February 1764, and died on 29 June 1934 in Istanbul, Turkey. He was allegedly aged 170 whe ...
Suleiman al-Halabi
Suleiman al-Halabi ( ar, سليمان الحلبي), also spelled Soleyman El-Halaby (1777–1800), was a Kurdish man who assassinated French general Jean-Baptiste Kléber, leader of the French occupation forces in Egypt. He was tortured by bur ...
Aziz Khan Mokri
Aziz Khan Mokri (also spelled Aziz Khan Mukri; fa, عزیزخان مکری; 1792 – 1871) was an Iranian military officer and grandee, who occupied high offices under the Qajar ''shah'' Naser al-Din Shah (). He served as the commander-in-chief o ...
Mahmud Bayazidi
Mahmud Bayazidi ( ku, مەحموودی بایەزیدی , Mehmûdê Bazîdî, 1797 Doğubeyazıt – 1859 Erzurum), was a Kurdish people, Kurdish philosopher and polymath from Bayazid in the Ottoman Empire.
Early life
He was born in Bayazid (pres ...
Nalî
Nalî ( ku, نالی), also known as Mallah Xidir Ehmed Şawaysî Mîkayalî ( ku, مەلا خدر (خضر) کوڕی ئەحمەدی شاوەیسی ئاڵی بەگی میکایلی)Keith Hitchins, "NALÎ" in Encyclaopedia Iranica (1800 Shahrizor ...
(1800–1856)
*
Salim
Salim, Saleem or Selim may refer to:
People
*Salim (name), or Saleem or Salem or Selim, a name of Arabic origin
* Salim (poet) (1800–1866)
* Saleem (playwright) (fl. 1996)
*Selim I, Selim II and Selim III, Ottoman Sultans
* Selim people, an e ...
(1800–1866)
*
Bedir Khan Beg
Bedir Khan Beg (Kurmanji: ''Bedirxan Beg'', tr, Bedirhan Bey; 1803–1869) was the last Kurdish Mîr and mütesellim of the Emirate of Botan.
Hereditary head of the house of Rozhaki whose seat was the ancient Bitlis castle and descended from ...
(1803–1869)
*
Mastoureh Ardalan
Mah Sharaf Khanom Mastoureh Ardalan or Mastura Ardalan (1805, Sanandaj − 1848, Sulaymaniyah) was a Kurdish poet, historian, and writer.
Biography
Ardalan was born in Sanandaj eastern Kurdistan/Iranian Kurdistan and died in Sulaymaniyah south ...
Jafar Qoli Khan Donboli
Jafarqoli or Jafarqulu Khan Donboli ( fa, جعفرقلی خان دنبلی) was the last Khan (title), khan of the Khoy Khanate from 1798 to 1799 and penultimate Shaki Khanate, Khan of Shaki from 1806 to 1814.
Background
He was born to either S ...
(d. 1814)
*
Haji Qadir Koyi
Haji Qadir Koyi ( ku, حاجی قادری کۆیی, Hacî Qadirî Koyî; c. 1817-1897) was a Kurdish poet. He carried on the nationalistic message of Ahmad Khani in his writings. He wanted to enlighten the people and help them to remedy the probl ...
Wali Dewane
Walid Kewikha Muhammed, also known as Wali Dewane ( ku, وەلی دێوانە, 1826–1881) was a Kurdish poet.Mirza Mohammad Reza Kalhor (1829–1892)
*
Mahwi
Mahwi ( ku, مەحوی ''Mehwî''; full name: مەلا موحەمەد کوڕی عوسمان بەڵخی ''Mala Mohammed Osman Ballkhi'') (1830-1906) was one of the most prominent classical Kurdish poets and sufis from Kurdistan of Iraq. He studie ...
Riza Talabani
Sheikh Riza Talabani ( ku, شێخ ڕەزای تاڵەبانی, Şêx Rizayê Talebanî) was a celebrated Kurdish poet from Kirkuk, Iraq. Talabani wrote his poetry in Kurdish, Persian, and Arabic. Most of his poetry consists of Satire, Ribaldry ...
Ibrahim Pasha Milli Ibrahim Pasha Milli, 1843 – 1908 (sometimes also referred to as 'Milli Ibrahim Pasha' of the tribe of Milli, Milan, Mellan; Kurdish ''Îbrahîm Paşayê Milî'' ar ابراهيم باشا ملى), was the chief of the Kurdish Milan tribal federa ...
Lady Adela
Lady Adela Jaff or Adela Khanem, called the ''Princess of the Brave'' by the British was a Kurdish ruler of the Jaff tribe and one of the first famous woman leaders in the history of Kurdistan. The Jaff tribe is the biggest tribe in Kurdistan an ...
Abdulkadir Ubeydullah
Abdulkadir Ubeydullah (1851, Şemdinli - 1925 Diyarbakır) was a President of the Kurdish Society for Cooperation and Progress (KTTC) and later the Society for the Rise of Kurdistan. He was a leading Kurdish intellectual and a once also a member ...
(1851–1925)
*
Emin Ali Bedir Khan
Emin Ali Bedir Khan (1851, in Kandiye, Crete – 1926, in Cairo) was a founding member of the Kurd Society for Cooperation and Progress and vice president of the Society for the Elevation of Kurdistan and Kurdish politician.
Emin Ali was the s ...
(1851–1926)
*
Diyap Yıldırım
Diyap Yıldırım or Diyap Ağa (1852 in Çemişgezek – 1932 in Sivas) was a Turkish politician of Kurdish origin and the leader of the Ferhatuşağı tribe in Dersim. He represented Dersim (now Tunceli) in the Grand National Assembly of Tur ...
Seyid Riza
Seyid Riza ( ku, سەید ڕەزا ,Seyîd Riza, unknown date 186315 November 1937) was an Alevi Zaza-Kurdish political leader of the Alevi Zaza-Kurds of Dersim, a religious figure and the leader of the Dersim movement in Turkey during the 1937–1 ...
Sheikh Said
Sheikh Said of Palu, Elazığ, Palu ( ku, شێخ سەعید, translit=Şêx Seîd, 1865 – June 29, 1925) was a Kurds, Kurdish sheikh, the main leader of the Sheikh Said rebellion and a Sheikh of the Naqshbandi Tariqa, order.
He was born in ...
Han Mahmud
Han Mahmud (Khan Mahmud) was a 19th-century Kurdish Lord.
He was born in Müküs (now in Van, Turkey), and after his father Abdi Beg's death, he became Mir of the Kurdish Emirate of Müküs
In 1843 and 1846 he fought within an alliance with Be ...
(d. 1866)
*
Piramerd
Tawfeq Mahmoud Hamza or Piramerd ( ku, پیرەمێرد) (1867 – 19 June 1950) was a Kurdish poet, writer, novelist and journalist. He was born in the ''Goija'' neighborhood of Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region. In 1926, he became the editor of t ...
(1867–1950)
*
İshak Sükuti
İshak Sükûti (; 1868–1902) was an Ottoman revolutionary, writer and medical doctor by profession of Kurdish descent.
Biography
İshak Sükuti was born in Diyarbakır, Ottoman Empire into a poor family.Meşrutiyet uğrunda öldüğü içü ...
(1868–1902)
*
Abdullah Cevdet
Abdullah Cevdet ( ota, عبدالله جودت; tr, Abdullah Cevdet Karlıdağ; 9 September 1869 – 29 November 1932) was a Kurdish intellectual and physician in the Ottoman Empire. He was one of the founders of the Committee of Union an ...
Hajj Nematollah
Hajj Nematollah ( fa, حاجی نعمتالله 1871 – February 28, 1919) was an influential mystic and religious leader in the Qajar Empire period. He was born in Jeyhounabad, Iran and is considered one of the greatest leaders and ...
Meyan Khatun
Mira Meyan Khatun or ''Mayan Khatun'' ( ku, Meyan Xatûn; born. 1874/1873, Ba'adra, Ottoman Empire - died 1957''Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies'' Volume 72, Issue 2 Shahrzad Mojab, ''Women of a non-state nation: the Kurds'' ...
Aziz Feyzi Pirinççizâde
Aziz Feyzi Pirinççizâde (born 1878, Diyarbakır – 17 February 1933) was a Kurdish politician in the Ottoman Empire and a member of the influential Pirinççizâde family from Diyarbakır. He was accused of having been involved in the Armeni ...
(1878–1933)
*
Mahmud Barzanji
Sheikh Mahmud Barzanji ( ku, شێخ مهحموود بەرزنجی) or Mahmud Hafid Zadeh (1878 – October 9, 1956) was a Kurdish leader of a series of Kurdish uprisings against the British Mandate of Iraq. He was sheikh of a Qadiriyah Sufi ...
Süreyya Bedir Khan
Süreyya Bedir Khan (1883 in Constantinople – 1938 in Paris) was a Kurdish prince, a descendant of Bedir Khan Beg and a member of the Bedir Khan family. He was an influent supporter of Kurdish independence, a journalist and author of several boo ...
(1883–1938)
*
Sheikh Ubeydullah
}) also known as ''Sayyid Ubeydullah'', was the leader of the first modern Kurdish nationalist struggle. Ubeydullah demanded recognition from Ottoman Empire and Qajar dynasty authorities for an independent Kurdish state, or Kurdistan, which he wou ...
(d. 1883)
*
Celal İbrahim
Celal İbrahim (1884 – 21 March 1917) was an Ottoman footballer of Kurdish origin and one of the founders of Galatasaray. He was also known as ''Kürt Celal'' which translates in English as ''Kurdish Celal''.
Career
İbrahim spent the entirety ...
(1884–1917)
*
İsmet İnönü
Mustafa İsmet İnönü (; 24 September 1884 – 25 December 1973) was a Turkish army officer and statesman of Kurdish descent, who served as the second President of Turkey from 11 November 1938 to 22 May 1950, and its Prime Minister three tim ...
(1884–1973)
*
Ali Saip Ursavaş
Ali Saip Ursavaş, also known as Ali Saib Bey (1885, in Rowanduz – September 25, 1939 in Adana) was an Iraqi-Turkish officer of Kurdish origin, having served in the Ottoman and Turkish armies, and one of the early key members of CHP. He ...
(1885–1939)
*
Simko Shikak
Simko Shikak. Birth name: Ismail Agha Shikak. born 1887, was a Kurdish chieftain of the Shekak tribe. He was born into a prominent Kurdish feudal family based in Chihriq castle located near the Baranduz river in the Urmia region of northwestern ...
(1887–1930)
*
Halis Öztürk
Halis Öztürk ( Kurdish: Xalis Begê Sîpkî, Turkish: Sipkanlı Halis Bey, 1889 in Tutak, Turkey - 24 September 1977 Kayseri) was a Kurdish chieftain and Turkish politician.
Life
Halis was born in the Tutak Kazası of Bayazıt Sancağı, ...
(1889–1977)
*
Abdul Aziz Yamulki
Abdul Aziz Yamulki (21 December 1890 – 25 July 1981) was the son of Mustafa Yamulki, nephew of Said Pasha Kurd and Kurd Ahmet Izzet Pasha and a cousin of Şerif Pasha and Kurd Fuad Pasha.
Yamulki was born into a prominent family from Sul ...
(1890–1981)
*
Bakr Sidqi
Bakr Sidqi al-Askari (; 1890 – 11 August 1937) was an Iraqi general of Kurdish origin, born in 1890 in Kirkuk and assassinated on 11 August 1937, at Mosul.
Early life
Bakr Sidqi was born to Kurdish family either in ‘Askar,Edmund Ghareeb, ...
(1890–1937)
*
Ekrem Cemilpaşa
Ekrem Cemilpaşa or Ekrem Cemil Paşa (Burc) or Ekrem Cemilpaşazade (22 February 1891, Diyarbakır – 31 December 1973, Damascus) was a Kurdish politician and officer.
Early life and education
He was born in 1891 to Kasım Bey, a member of t ...
(1891–1973)
*
Taufiq Wahby
Taufiq Wahby (1891–1984) was a prominent Kurdish writer, linguist and politician. He first served in the Ottoman army as a colonel, but after the creation of Iraq by the British in 1920, he became an influential officer in the new Iraqi a ...
Ihsan Nuri
Ihsan Nuri, also known as Ihsan Nuri Pasha ( ku, Îhsan Nûrî Paşa ,ئیحسان نووری پاشا), 1892 or 1893, Bitlis – 25 March 1976, Tehran) was a Kurdish soldier and politician, former officer of the Ottoman and Turkish Army, ...
(1892/3–1976)
*
Celadet Alî Bedirxan
Celadet Alî Bedirxan ( ku, جەلادەت عالی بەدرخان, translit=Celadet Alî Bedirxan; 26 April 1893 – 1951), also known as , was a Kurdish diplomat, writer, linguist, journalist and political activist. He held a master's degr ...
(1893–1951)
*
Nuri Dersimi
Mehmed Nuri Dersimi (1893 in Akzunik in ''Dersim'' (today Tunceli) – 22 August 1973 in Aleppo), also known as Baytar Nuri, was a Kurdish writer, revolutionary and intellectual.
Dersimi was born in March 1893 in the village Akzunik to the west ...
(1893–1973)
*
Qazi Muhammad
Qazi Muhammad ( ku, قازی محەممەد / Qazî Mihemed, fa, قاضی محمد; 1 May 1893 – 31 March 1947) was an Kurdish leader who founded the Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan and headed the short-lived, Soviet-backed Republic of ...
(1893–1947)
*
Mohammad Hosni
Mohammad Hosni, also known as Muhammad Kamal Hosny Al Baba ( ar, محمد حسني البابا), was a Syrian master calligrapher, at the Royal Institute of Calligraphy in Cairo. He was one of the last of the classical calligraphers, who is noted ...
(1894–1969)
*
Gholamreza Rashid-Yasemi
Gholamreza Rashid Yasemi ( fa, غلامرضا رشید یاسمی; born 1895 in Gahwareh, Kermanshah Province, Iran – died 1951 in Tehran) was an Iranian-Kurdish poet, translator, academic and literary figure.
He finished his primary educatio ...
(1895–1951)
*
Kamuran Alî Bedirxan
Kamuran Ali Bedirxan ( ku, Kamiran Alî Bedirxan ,کامران عالی بەدرخان, born 21 August 1895 in Istanbul, Ottoman Empire; died 6 December 1978 in Paris) was a Kurdish politician, lawyer and writer.
Family
He came from the family ...
(1895–1978)
*
Nur Ali Elahi
Nur Ali Elahi (or Ostad Elahi var. Nūr ‘Alī Ilāhī, Nour Ali Elahi, fa, نورعلی الهی - استاد الهی) (September 11, 1895 – October 19, 1974) was an Iranian philosopher, judge and musician of Kurdish descent whose work inv ...
Husni al-Za'im
Husni al-Za'im ( ar, حسني الزعيم ''Ḥusnī az-Za’īm''; 11 May 1897 – 14 August 1949) was a Syrian military officer and politician of Kurdish origin. Husni al-Za'im, had been an officer in the Ottoman Army. After France institute ...
(1897–1949)
*
Ahmed Mukhtar Jaff
Ahmed Mukhtar Jaff (1898–1934) was the son of Osman Pasha Jaff, Ottoman Kurdish ruler of Mosul Vilayet, and Adela Kahnem AKA Adela Jaff (Lady Adela) . He was one of the most prominent leaders of the Jaf family, as well as a poet and a novelist.
...
Rafiq Hilmi Rafiq or Rafique ( ar , رفیق ), meaning "intimate friend", "companion", and "comrade
The term ''comrade'' (russian: товарищ, tovarisch) generally means 'mate', 'colleague', or 'ally', and derives from the Spanish and Portuguese, te ...
Osman Pasha Jaff
Osman Pasha Jaff, supreme ruler to the Jaff tribe, and an Ottoman ruler in the Mosul vilayet, that contributed to women's suffrage in the Middle East.
In 1888 and 1889, Sultan Abdul Hamid II had Osman replace his more violent brother, Mahmood ...
(19th century)
*
Yezdanşêr Yezdanşêr was a Kurdish leader, military officer and a relative of Bedir Khan Beg. He became shortly the Müteselim of Cizre and later led a revolt against the Ottoman Empire in the mid 1850s. After the revolt failed, he was exiled to Vidin, ret ...
Cigerxwîn
Cigerxwîn or Cegerxwîn () (1903 – October 22, 1984) was a Kurdish writer and poet. He is known to be one of the most influential Kurdish writers and poets in the Kurdistan region of the Middle East, and his work has been renewed for the crea ...
Mustafa Barzani
Mustafa Barzani ( ku, مەلا مستهفا بارزانی, Mistefa Barzanî; 14 March 1903 – 1 March 1979) also known as Mela Mustafa (Preacher Mustafa), was a Kurdish leader, general and one of the most prominent political figures in mod ...
Ali Merdan
Ali Merdan (1904–1981) ( ku, عهلی مهردان) was an Iraqi musician of Kurdish descent who was born in Kirkuk, widely regarded as the man who revolutionized the Arabic maqam, maqam. He launched the Kurdish Radio Station in 1939 in Ba ...
(1904–1981)
*
Karim Sanjabi
Karim Sanjabi ( fa, کریم سنجابی; 11 September 1905 – 4 July 1995) was an Iranian politician of National Front.
Early life
He was born in Kermanshah in September 1905 to the chief of the Kurdish Sanjâbi tribe. He studied law and ...
(1905–1995)
*
Osman Sabri
Osman Sabri ( ku, Osman Sebrî ), (1905, Kâhta, Ottoman Empire – 11 November 1993, Damascus, Syria) was a Kurdish poet, writer and journalist. He was born in ''Narînç'' or ''Narinc'' (present-day village of Narince, Kâhta) in what was ...
(1905–1993)
*
Emînê Evdal
Emînê Evdal (b. in 1906 in Yamançayir, Kars – 1964), was a Kurdish writer, linguist and poet who was based in Armenia. He was born into a Yezidi family in the village of Yamançayir near Kars which at the time was under Russian control. His v ...
Samand Siabandov
Samand Aliyevich Siabandov (russian: Саманд Алиевич Сиабандов, ku, Semendê Elî Siyabendov; 20 November 1909 – 14 November 1989) was a Soviet writer, military officer and politician of Yezidi-Kurdish origin who was award ...
(1909–1989)
*
Qedrîcan
Qedrîcan or Qedrîcan, Abdulkadir Can (1911–1972) was a Kurdish poet, writer and translator. He was born in Derik, a small town (present-day Mardin Province, south-eastern Turkey). At a time when schooling was the subject of jokes and when f ...
(1911–1972)
*
Khalid Bakdash
Khalid Bakdash (occasionally spelled Khalid Bagdash or Khaled Bekdache, ar, خالد بكداش) (1912 – July 15, 1995) was a Syrian politician who lead the Syrian Communist Party (SCP) from 1936 until his death in 1995. In 1954, Bakdash became ...
Ibrahim Ahmad
Ibrahim Ahmad (6 March 1914 – 8 April 2000) (alternatively spelt Ibrahim Ahmed or Ibrahîm Ehmed) ( kmr, Ibrahîm Ehmed, ckb, ئیبراهیم ئهحمهد) was a Kurdish writer, novelist, judge and translator who founded the Patriot ...
(1914–2000)
*
Ahmed Kuftaro
Ahmed Kuftaro or Ahmad Kaftaru (Arabic: أحمد كفتارو; December 1915 – 1 September 2004) was the Grand Mufti of Syria, the highest officially appointed Sunni Muslim representative of the Fatwa-Administration in the Syrian Ministry of ...
Nûredin Zaza
Nûredin Zaza (born 15 February 1919 – 7 October 1988) was a Kurdish politician, writer and poet. He was a co-founder of the Kurdistan Democratic Party of Syria and a founding member of the Kurdish Institute of Paris.
Biography
Born in 1919 to ...
(1919–1988)
*
Ibrahim Amin Baldar
Ibrahim Amin Baldar (1920–1998) (Kurdish: ئیبراهیم ئهمین باڵدار) was born in 1920 in the city of Sulaymaniyah. He is the author to the first official Kurdish language primer
Primer may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, ...
(1920–1998)
*
Musa Anter
Musa Anter (1920 – 20 September 1992), also known as "Apê Musa" ( ku, Apê Musa, literally "Uncle Musa"), was a Kurdish writer, journalist and intellectual and was assassinated by Turkish JITEM in September 1992.
Early life and education
He ...
(1920–1992)
*
Abdurrahman Sharafkandi
Abd al-Rahman ( ar, عبد الرحمن, translit=ʿAbd al-Raḥmān or occasionally ; DMG ''ʿAbd ar-Raḥman''; also Abdul Rahman) is a male Arabic Muslim given name, and in modern usage, surname. It is built from the Arabic words '' Abd'', '' ...
Hassan Zirak
Hassan Zirek () 29 November 1921 – 26 June 1972) was a celebrated Iranian Kurds, Iranian Kurdish songwriter-singer from Bukan, known for his recordings of classical Kurdish language, Kurdish folk songs. He was famous for his classical and sensua ...
Ahmad Hardi Ahmad Hardi ( ku, Ehmed Herdî; 1922 – 29 October 2006) was a prominent Kurdish poet.
He was born into an intellectual family in Sulaimaniya in Iraqi Kurdistan. He possessed a deep knowledge of classical Kurdish, Arabic and Persian poetry and has ...
Yaşar Kemal
Yaşar Kemal (born Kemal Sadık Gökçeli; 6 October 1923 – 28 February 2015) was a Turkish writer and human rights activist and one of Turkey's leading writers. He received 38 awards during his lifetime and had been a candidate for the Nobe ...
Taha Muhie-eldin Marouf
Taha Muhie-eldin Marouf ( ar, طه محيي الدين معروف; 1924 – 7 August 2009) was an Iraqi politician and served as the vice president of Iraq from 1974 until the U.S. invasion in April 2003.
Early life
He was born in 1924 in Sulayman ...
Abdel Hamid al-Sarraj
Abdel Hamid Sarraj ( ar, عبد الحميد السراج, September 1925 – 23September 2013) was a Syrian Army officer and politician. When the union between Egypt and Syria was declared, Sarraj, a staunch Arab nationalist and supporter ...
Siamak Yasemi
Siamak Yasemi ( fa, سیامک یاسمی; June 1925 – 31 May 1994) was an Iranian director, screenwriter, producer, and poet
A poet is a person who studies and creates poetry. Poets may describe themselves as such or be described as suc ...
Moshe Barazani
Moshe Barazani, also Barzani ( he, משה ברזני; June 14, 1926 – April 21, 1947), was an Iraqi-born Kurdish Jew and a member of Lehi ("Freedom Fighters of Israel," aka the "Stern Gang") underground movement in pre-state Mandate Palestine ...
(1926–1947)
*
Ahmed Arif Ahmed Arif (21 April 1927 in Diyarbakır – 2 June 1991 in Ankara) was a Turkish-Kurdish poet.
His father, Arif Hikmet, is an ethnic Turkmen from Kirkuk, and his mother Sayre is Kurdish. Ahmed Arif studied philosophy at Ankara University. ...
Turgut Özal
Halil Turgut Özal (; 13 October 192717 April 1993) was a Turkish politician, who served as the 8th President of Turkey from 1989 to 1993. He previously served as the 26th Prime Minister of Turkey from 1983 to 1989 as the leader of the Mothe ...
(1927–1993)
*
Akram Hamid Begzadeh Jaff
Akram Hamid Begzadeh Jaff الدكتور اكرم حامد بك جاف (14 July 1929 – 21 November 2010) was a Kurdish leader who served in various posts in the Iraqi government and the United Nations Development Program (UNDP). Also known ...
(1929–2010)
*
Kâmran İnan
Kamran Inan (1929 – 23 November 2015), Turkish politician, statesman of Kurdish origin, diplomat and scholar. He was born in Hizan, Bitlis Province. Representative in Parliament from Van and Bitlis numerous times. Graduate of Ankara Univers ...
(1929–2015)
*
Muhammad Said Ramadan al-Bouti
Mohammed Said Ramadan Al-Bouti ( ar, مُحَّمَد سَعِيد رَمَضَان ٱلْبُوطِي, Muḥammad Saʿīd Ramaḍān al-Būṭī) (1929 - 21 March 2013) was a notable Sunni Muslim scholar who was also known as "Shaykh of the ...
(1929–2013)
*
Nusrat Bhutto
''Begum'' Nusrat Bhutto (; sd, نصرت ڀٽو; ur, ; born as Nusrat Ispahani; 23 March 1929 – 23 October 2011) was an Iranian-Pakistani public figure of Kurdish origin, who served as spouse of the Prime Minister of Pakistan between 1971 unti ...