The Liberal Party of Cuba (), was one of the major political parties in Cuba from 1910 until the
Cuban Revolution
The Cuban Revolution ( es, Revolución Cubana) was carried out after the 1952 Cuban coup d'état which placed Fulgencio Batista as head of state and the failed mass strike in opposition that followed. After failing to contest Batista in co ...
in the late 1950s, when it was exiled.
History
Liberal governments
Founded as the Autonomist Liberal Party ( es, Partido Liberal Autonomista, PLA), in 1878 and renamed in 1898, the party first contested elections in 1910, when it won 23 of the 41 seats in
mid-term elections. They lost the
1912 elections to the Conjunción Patriótica alliance, and went on to finish second in elections in
1914
This year saw the beginning of what became known as World War I, after Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the Austrian throne was Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip. It als ...
,
1916
Events
Below, the events of the First World War have the "WWI" prefix.
January
* January 1 – The British Royal Army Medical Corps carries out the first successful blood transfusion, using blood that had been stored and cooled.
* J ...
(in which they won the same number of seats in the House of Representatives as the
National Conservative Party, but won fewer seats in the Senate) and
1918.
[Nohlen, pp209-217]
In the
1920 elections, the Liberal Party's
Alfredo Zayas y Alfonso
Alfredo de Zayas y Alfonso (February 21, 1861 – April 11, 1934), usually known as Alfredo de Zayas under Spanish naming customs and also known as Alfredo Zayas, was a Cuban lawyer, poet and political figure. He served as prosecutor, judge, ma ...
won the presidential election, although the party lost the parliamentary elections to the National League. They went on to win the
mid-term elections in 1922. For the
1924 elections the party formed an alliance with the
Cuban Popular Party
The Cuban Popular Party was a political party in Cuba which participated between 1920 and 1938 in political elections. In the 1932 Cuban parliamentary election they won 6 of 69 seats up for election in the House of Representatives.
References
...
. The alliance's
Gerardo Machado won the presidential election, whilst it also won both the Senate and House elections.
[
In 1928 elections for a Constitutional Assembly were held, in which the party won 29 of the 55 seats. The party also won the mid-term elections in ]1930
Events
January
* January 15 – The Moon moves into its nearest point to Earth, called perigee, at the same time as its fullest phase of the Lunar Cycle. This is the closest moon distance at in recent history, and the next one will b ...
and 1932
Events January
* January 4 – The British authorities in India arrest and intern Mahatma Gandhi and Vallabhbhai Patel.
* January 9 – Sakuradamon Incident: Korean nationalist Lee Bong-chang fails in his effort to assassinate Emperor Hiro ...
. For the 1936 general election the party was part of the Tripartite Coalition, alongside the Nationalist Union and Republican Action, which won both the presidential election (with Miguel Mariano Gómez as its candidate) and the parliamentary elections. The Liberal Party went on to win the 1938 mid-term elections.[
]
Liberal Party's fall
In the 1940 general elections the party was again part of an alliance, the People's Socialist Coalition, alongside the Communist Revolutionary Union, Progressive Action, the Democratic National Association and the Republican Democratic Party. The alliance's Fulgencio Batista
Fulgencio Batista y Zaldívar (; ; born Rubén Zaldívar, January 16, 1901 – August 6, 1973) was a Cuban military officer and politician who served as the elected president of Cuba from 1940 to 1944 and as its U.S.-backed military dictator ...
won the presidential election, whilst the Liberal Party finished second in the House of Representatives elections. The party won 21 seats in the 1942 mid-term elections, matched by the Democratic Party.[
The 1944 general election saw the party finish second in the House of Representative elections, with a similar performance in the 1946 mid-term elections. For the 1948 general election the party put forward a joint candidate with the Democratic Party, but lost to the Auténtico-]Republican
Republican can refer to:
Political ideology
* An advocate of a republic, a type of government that is not a monarchy or dictatorship, and is usually associated with the rule of law.
** Republicanism, the ideology in support of republics or agains ...
's Carlos Prío Socarrás
Carlos Manuel Prío Socarrás (July 14, 1903 – April 5, 1977) was a Cuban politician. He served as the President of Cuba from 1948 until he was deposed by a military coup led by Fulgencio Batista on March 10, 1952, three months before new ele ...
. The party also finished second in the parliamentary elections.[
An alliance with the Democratic Party and the ]Partido Auténtico
The Cuban Revolutionary Party – Authentic ( es, Partido Revolucionario Cubano – Auténtico, PRC-A), commonly called the Authentic Party ( es, Partido Auténtico, PA), was a political party in Cuba most active between 1933 and 1952. Although th ...
won the 1950 mid-term elections. However, for the 1954 elections
The following elections occurred in the year 1954.
Africa
* French legislative by-election, 1954 (Guinea)
* 1954 Southern Rhodesian general election
* 1954 Gambian legislative election
* 1954 Gold Coast legislative election
Asia
* 1954 Iranian ...
the party allied against the Partido Auténtico alongside Progressive Action, the Radical Union and the Republican Democratic Party, putting forward the victorious Batista as their presidential candidate. The Liberal Party finished second in the House elections behind Progressive Action.[
]
Successor
The modern party, named National Liberal Party of Cuba, was founded in 2004. It is a member of Liberal International
Liberal International (LI) is a worldwide organization of liberal political parties - a political international. It was founded in Oxford in 1947 and has become the pre-eminent network for liberal parties, aiming to strengthen liberalism aroun ...
.Partido Liberal de Cuba
Liberal International
See also
* Liberalism in Cuba
References
{{Authority control
Defunct political parties in Cuba
Liberal parties in Cuba
Political parties established in 1878
Political parties disestablished in 1952
1878 establishments in Cuba
1952 disestablishments in Cuba