Emil Ranzenhofer (1864-1930), Inneres der Synagoge in der Tempelgasse, (Leopoldstädter Tempel) Wien

The Leopoldstädter Tempel was the largest synagogue of

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

, in the district (Bezirk) of

Leopoldstadt Leopoldstadt (; bar, Leopoidstod, "Leopold-Town") is the 2nd municipal Districts of Vienna, district of Vienna (german: 2. Bezirk) in Austria. there are 103,233 inhabitants over . It is situated in the heart of the city and, together with Bri ...

. It was also known as the Israelitische Bethaus in der Wiener Vorstadt Leopoldstadt. It was built in 1858 in a

Moorish Revival Moorish Revival or Neo-Moorish is one of the exotic revival architectural styles that were adopted by architects of Europe and the Americas in the wake of Romanticist Orientalism. It reached the height of its popularity after the mid-19th centu ...

style by the architect

Ludwig Förster Ludwig Christian Friedrich (von) Förster (8 October 1797 in Ansbach – 16 June 1863 in Bad Gleichenberg, Styria) was a German-born Austrian architect. While he was not Jewish, he is known for building Jewish synagogues and churches. Ludwig F ...

. The tripartite facade of the Leopoldstädter, with its tall central section flanked by lower wings on each side, became the model for numerous Moorish Revival synagogues, including the Choral Temple in

Bucharest Bucharest ( , ; ro, București ) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre. It is located in the southeast of the country, on the banks of the Dâmbovița River, less than north of ...

, which has an almost identical main facade, the

Zagreb Synagogue The Zagreb Synagogue ( hr, Zagrebačka sinagoga) was the main place of worship for the Jews, Jewish community of Zagreb in modern-day Croatia. It was constructed in 1867 in the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia within the Austrian Empire, and was used u ...

, the Spanish Synagogue in

Prague Prague ( ; cs, Praha ; german: Prag, ; la, Praga) is the capital and List of cities in the Czech Republic, largest city in the Czech Republic, and the historical capital of Bohemia. On the Vltava river, Prague is home to about 1.3 milli ...

, the Tempel Synagogue in

Kraków Kraków (), or Cracow, is the second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city dates back to the seventh century. Kraków was the official capital of Poland until 1596 ...

and the Grand Synagogue of Edirne. This temple was destroyed during the

Kristallnacht () or the Night of Broken Glass, also called the November pogrom(s) (german: Novemberpogrome, ), was a pogrom against Jews carried out by the Nazi Party's (SA) paramilitary and (SS) paramilitary forces along with some participation fro ...

on November 10, 1938. A memorial plaque on the site reads in

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) ** Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ge ...

(and

Hebrew Hebrew (; ; ) is a Northwest Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family. Historically, it is one of the spoken languages of the Israelites and their longest-surviving descendants, the Jews and Samaritans. It was largely preserved ...

): translated as:

Synagogues influenced by the Leopoldstädter Tempel

The Tempel, which housed a prestigious congregation in the capital of the Empire, inspired the construction of several other synagogues in the Moorish Revival style. Some are designed similarly to Forster's building, with a flat facade and roof, tripartite massing with a large central block, symmetrical decorative minarets, and internal basilica plan with balconies. * Grand Synagogue of Edirne, Turkey *

, Croatia * Vercelli Synagogue * Plum Street Temple,

Cincinnati, Ohio Cincinnati ( ) is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Hamilton County. Settled in 1788, the city is located at the northern side of the confluence of the Licking and Ohio rivers, the latter of which marks the state line wi ...

, USA * Spanish Synagogue, Prague, Czech Republic * Tempel Synagogue, Kraków, Poland * Sofia Synagogue, Sofia, Bulgaria * Choral Temple, Bucharest, Romania * Great Choral Synagogue, Kyiv, Ukraine *

Brodsky Choral Synagogue The Brodsky Choral Synagogue ( uk, Синаго́га Бро́дського and yi, די בראדסקי שול אין קיעוו‎) is the second largest synagogue in Kyiv, Ukraine. It was built in the Romanesque Revival style resembling a cl ...

, Kyiv, Ukraine *

Dohány Street Synagogue The Dohány Street Synagogue ( hu, Dohány utcai zsinagóga / nagy zsinagóga; he, בית הכנסת הגדול של בודפשט, ''Bet ha-Knesset ha-Gadol shel Budapesht''), also known as the ''Great Synagogue'' or ''Tabakgasse Synagogue'', ...

, Budapest, Hungary

Famous members

* Josef Goldstein,

cantor A cantor or chanter is a person who leads people in singing or sometimes in prayer. In formal Jewish worship, a cantor is a person who sings solo verses or passages to which the choir or congregation responds. In Judaism, a cantor sings and lead ...

at the synagogue *

Adolf Jellinek Adolf Jellinek ( he, אהרן ילינק ''Aharon Jelinek''; 26 June 1821 in Drslavice, Moravia – 28 December 1893 in Vienna) was an Austrian rabbi and scholar. After filling clerical posts in Leipzig (1845–1856), he became a preacher at t ...

rabbi A rabbi () is a spiritual leader or religious teacher in Judaism. One becomes a rabbi by being ordained by another rabbi – known as ''semikha'' – following a course of study of Jewish history and texts such as the Talmud. The basic form of ...

at the synagogue *

Moritz Güdemann Moritz Güdemann ( he, משה גידמן; 19 February 1835 – 5 August 1918) was an Austrian rabbi and historian. He served as chief rabbi of Vienna. Biography Moritz (Moshe) Güdemann attended the Jewish school in Hildesheim, and thereafter we ...

at the synagogue *

Israel Taglicht Israel Taglicht (March 9, 1862 − December 13, 1943) was the Chief Rabbi of Austria. Life Taglicht was born on March 9, 1862 in Berezó, Hungary, the son of Josef Taglicht and Nelly Spitzer. A descendent of the Maharam Schick, Taglicht attende ...

, rabbi at the synagogue

Memorials

File:Leopoldstädter Tempel Gedenktafel, Vienna.jpg, Memorial plaque at the site of the synagogue File:Leopoldstädter Tempel Mosaik, Vienna.jpg, Memorial mosaic at Tempelgasse File:Wien - Tempelgasse, Memorial (1).JPG, Monument showing the size of the synagogue

References

* * *Martens, Bob; Herbert Peter (2011). "The Destroyed Synagogues of Vienna - Virtual city walks". Vienna: LIT Verlag.

External links

Moorish Revival synagogues Synagogues completed in 1858 Leopoldstadter Leopoldstädter Tempel Leopoldstädter Tempel Tempel Buildings and structures demolished in the 20th century {{Austria-synagogue-stub

Synagogues influenced by the Leopoldstädter Tempel

Famous members

Memorials

See also

References

External links