Lenore J. Coffee
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Lenore Jackson Coffee (July 13, 1896 – July 2, 1984) was an American screenwriter, playwright, and
novelist A novelist is an author or writer of novels, though often novelists also write in other genres of both fiction and non-fiction. Some novelists are professional novelists, thus make a living writing novels and other fiction, while others asp ...
.


Biography

Lenore was born in San Francisco in 1896 to Andrew Jackson Coffee Jr. and Ella Muffley. She attended Dominican College in San Rafael, California. She began her career answering an ad requesting a screen story for the actress
Clara Kimball Young Clara Kimball Young (born Edith Matilda Clara Kimball; September 6, 1890 – October 15, 1960) was an American film actress who was popular in the early silent film era. Early life Edith Matilda Clara Kimball was born in Chicago on Septembe ...
and was awarded a one-year contract at $50 a week. She was twice nominated for an
Academy Award The Academy Awards, better known as the Oscars, are awards for artistic and technical merit for the American and international film industry. The awards are regarded by many as the most prestigious, significant awards in the entertainment ind ...
for Best Adapted Screenplay. The first time was for '' Street of Chance'' in 1929/30, adapted from the story by Oliver H. P. Garrett, in collaboration with
Howard Estabrook Howard Estabrook (born Howard Bolles, July 11, 1884 – July 16, 1978) was an American actor, film director and producer, and screenwriter. Biography Born Howard Bolles in Detroit, Michigan, Howard Estabrook began his career in 1904 as a stag ...
; and the second was with
Julius J. Epstein Julius J. Epstein (August 22, 1909December 30, 2000) was an American screenwriter, who had a long career, best remembered for his screenplay, written with his twin brother, Philip, and Howard E. Koch, of the film ''Casablanca'' (1942), for whic ...
in 1938 for ''
Four Daughters ''Four Daughters'' is a 1938 American romance film that tells the story of a happy musical family whose lives and loves are disrupted by the arrival of a charming young composer who interjects himself into the daughters' romantic lives. His cynic ...
'', based on
Fannie Hurst Fannie Hurst (October 18, 1889 – February 23, 1968) was an American novelist and short-story writer whose works were highly popular during the post-World War I era. Her work combined sentimental, romantic themes with social issues of the d ...
's short story ''Sister Act''. Of the studio system, she is quoted as saying: ''"They pick your brains, break your heart, ruin your digestion – and what do you get for it? Nothing but a lousy fortune."'' Coffee wrote many stories related to experiences women faced during her time, yet they were not often met with commercial success. Coffee spent many years with
Warner Bros. Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc. (commonly known as Warner Bros. or abbreviated as WB) is an American film and entertainment studio headquartered at the Warner Bros. Studios complex in Burbank, California, and a subsidiary of Warner Bros. D ...
, which she mentions in her autobiography as to being the only female writer. One hit that came out of that is the film ''Four Daughters'', which she co-wrote with Julius J. Epstein. Coffee was married to writer-director William J. Cowen (1886–1964), with whom she wrote ''Family Portrait: A Play in Three Acts'' (1939). It was performed at the Morosco Theatre on
Broadway Broadway may refer to: Theatre * Broadway Theatre (disambiguation) * Broadway theatre, theatrical productions in professional theatres near Broadway, Manhattan, New York City, U.S. ** Broadway (Manhattan), the street **Broadway Theatre (53rd Stree ...
from March 8 – June, 1939; and the Strand Theatre in the West End, in February 1948. On April 10, 1955, a TV adaptation aired as an episode of the
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Sunday Night Theatre ''Sunday Night Theatre'' was a long-running series of televised live television plays screened by BBC Television from early 1950 until 1959. The productions for the first five years or so of the run were re-staged live the following Thursday, pa ...
'' series.


Bibliography

*''Family Portrait: A Play in Three Acts'' (1939) with William J. Cowen; adapted for TV in 1955 *''The Face of Love'' (1950) novel *''Another Time, Another Place'' (1955) novel, published in England as ''Weep No More''; filmed in 1958 *''Storyline: Recollections of a Hollywood Screenwriter'' (1973) memoir


Further reading

*“Lenore Coffee: Easy Smiler, Easy Weeper” interview in ''Backstory: Interviews with Screenwriters of Hollywood’s Golden Age'' (1986) pp. 133-150, ed. Patrick McGilligan. Berkeley:
University of California Press The University of California Press, otherwise known as UC Press, is a publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in academic publishing. It was founded in 1893 to publish scholarly and scientific works by facult ...
.
Shaping the Craft of Screenwriting: Women Screen Writers in Silent Era Hollywood
(2017) essay by Donna Casella


Film credits

* '' The Better Wife'' (1919; screenplay) * '' The Forbidden Woman'' (1920; story) * '' For the Soul of Rafael'' (1920; uncredited) * ''
The Fighting Shepherdess ''The Fighting Shepherdess'' is a 1920 American western-romance film directed by Edward José and Millard Webb and written by Frank Mitchell Dazey. It is based on the 1919 novel ''The Fighting Shepherdess'' by Caroline Lockhart. The film stars ...
'' (1920; uncredited) * '' Alias Ladyfingers'' (1921; adaptation) * ''
Hush Hush may refer to: Film and television * ''Hush'' (1921 film), starring Clara Kimball Young * ''Hush'' (1998 film), starring Gwyneth Paltrow * ''Hush!'' (film), a 2001 Japanese film directed by Ryosuke Hashiguchi * ''Hush'' (2005 film), starring ...
'' (1921; uncredited) * '' The Right That Failed'' (1922; adaptation) * ''
Sherlock Brown ''Sherlock Brown'' is a 1922 American silent comedy-drama film. Directed by Bayard Veiller, the film stars Bert Lytell, Ora Carew, and Sylvia Breamer. It was released on June 26, 1922. Cast list * Bert Lytell as William Brown * Ora Carew as B ...
'' (1922; writer) * '' The Face Between'' (1922; writer) * ''
Thundering Dawn ''Thundering Dawn'' is a 1923 American silent film directed and produced by Harry Garson. The story was originally written by John Blackwood and was adapted by Universal City scenario editor, Raymond L. Schrock. Lenore Coffee and John F. Goodr ...
'' (1923; screenplay; story) * ''
Daytime Wives ''Daytime Wives'' is a 1923 American drama film directed by Émile Chautard, and written by Helmer Walton Bergman and Wyndham Gittens. The film stars Derelys Perdue, Wyndham Standing, Grace Darmond, William Conklin, Guy Edward Hearn, and Kathe ...
'' (1923; story) * ''
Temptation Temptation is a desire to engage in short-term urges for enjoyment that threatens long-term goals.Webb, J.R. (Sep 2014). Incorporating Spirituality into Psychology of temptation: Conceptualization, measurement, and clinical implications. Sp ...
'' (1923; story) * ''
The Age of Desire ''The Age of Desire'' is a 1923 American silent drama film directed by Frank Borzage and starring Josef Swickard, William Collier Jr., and Mary Philbin. It was distributed through Associated First National Pictures. Plot As described in a fil ...
'' (1923; titles) * '' Wandering Daughters'' (1923; titles) * ''
The Six-Fifty ''The Six-Fifty'' is a lost film, lost 1923 American silent drama film directed by Nat Ross starring Renée Adorée. Based upon the 1921 play of the same name, it was produced then released by Universal Pictures. Cast *Renée Adorée as Hester T ...
'' (1923; unconfirmed) * '' Strangers of the Night'' (1923; uncredited) * ''
The Dangerous Age ''The Dangerous Age'' is a 1923 American silent drama film directed by John M. Stahl and written by J.G. Hawks, Bess Meredyth, and Lenore Coffee. The film stars Lewis Stone, Cleo Madison, Edith Roberts, Ruth Clifford, Myrtle Stedman, and Jam ...
'' (1923; uncredited) * ''
The Meanest Man in the World Not to be confused with the 1920 George M. Cohan play or The Meanest Man in the World (1923 film) ''The Meanest Man in the World'' is a 1943 American comedy film directed by Sidney Lanfield, starring Jack Benny and Priscilla Lane, based upon ...
'' (1923; adaptation) * '' The Rose of Paris'' (1924; adaptation) * '' Bread'' (1924; writer) * '' Fools' Highway'' (1924; writer) * '' Hell's Highroad'' (1925; adaptation) * ''
Graustark Graustark is a fictional country in Eastern Europe used as a setting for several novels by George Barr McCutcheon. Graustark's neighbors, which also figure in the stories, are Axphain to the north and Dawsbergen to the south. Description Gr ...
'' (1925; uncredited) * ''
The Swan A swan is a bird of the genus ''Cygnus'' (true swans) or ''Coscoroba'' (coscoroba swans). Swan, swans, or The Swan may also refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Film and television * ''The Swan'' (1925 film), a 1925 silent film * ''The Swa ...
'' (1925; uncredited) * '' The Great Divide'' (1925; uncredited) * '' East Lynne'' (1925; writer) * '' The Volga Boatman'' (1926; adaptation) * ''
For Alimony Only ''For Alimony Only'' is a 1926 American silent drama film directed by William C. deMille and starring Leatrice Joy, Clive Brook, and Lilyan Tashman. The film's sets were by the art director Max Parker while the costumes were designed by Adrian ...
'' (1926; screenplay) * ''
The Winning of Barbara Worth ''The Winning of Barbara Worth'' is a 1926 American silent Western film directed by Henry King, and starring Ronald Colman, Vilma Bánky and Gary Cooper (who replaced Monte Blue). Based on Harold Bell Wright's novel ''The Winning of Barbara W ...
'' (1926; uncredited) * ''
The Night of Love ''The Night of Love'' is a 1927 drama film, produced by Samuel Goldwyn, released by United Artists, and stars Ronald Colman, Vilma Bánky, and Montagu Love. The screenplay by Lenore J. Coffee is based on the play by Pedro Calderón de la Barc ...
'' (1927; adapted screenplay) * ''
Chicago (''City in a Garden''); I Will , image_map = , map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago , coordinates = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name ...
'' (1927; screenplay) * '' The Angel of Broadway'' (1927; screenplay) * ''
Lonesome Ladies ''Lonesome Ladies'' is a 1927 American comedy film directed by Joseph Henabery and written by Winifred Dunn. The film stars Lewis Stone, Anna Q. Nilsson, Jane Winton, Doris Lloyd, Edward Martindel and Fritzi Ridgeway. The film was released on ...
'' (1927; story) * ''
The Love of Sunya ''The Love of Sunya'' (also known as ''The Loves of Sunya'') is an American silent drama film made in 1927. It was directed by Albert Parker, and was based on the play ''The Eyes of Youth'' by Max Marcin and Charles Guernon. Produced by and st ...
'' (1927; uncredited) * ''
Ned McCobb's Daughter ''Ned McCobb's Daughter'' is a 1928 American drama film directed by William J. Cowen and starring Irene Rich, Theodore Roberts, and Robert Armstrong.Gehring p. 62 It was also released in a silent version. Cast * Irene Rich as Carol * The ...
'' (1928; uncredited) * '' Desert Nights'' (1929; continuity) * ''
Mothers Cry ''Mothers Cry'' is a 1930 American pre-Code drama film released by First National Pictures, a subsidiary of Warner Bros., and directed by Hobart Henley. The movie stars Dorothy Peterson, Helen Chandler, David Manners, Evalyn Knapp and Sidney ...
'' (1930; screen version) * '' Street of Chance'' (1930; writer) * ''
The Bishop Murder Case ''The Bishop Murder Case'' (1928) is the fourth in a series of mystery novels by S. S. Van Dine about fictional detective Philo Vance. The detective solves a mystery built around a nursery rhyme. ''The Bishop Murder Case'' is believed to be the ...
'' (1930; writer) * '' Possessed'' (1931; adaptation and dialogue continuity) * '' The Squaw Man'' (1931; screenplay) * ''
Honor of the Family ''Honor of the Family'' is a 1931 American Pre-Code drama film released by First National Pictures (a subsidiary of Warner Bros.), starring Bebe Daniels and Warren William. It was based on the play by Emil Fabre, from the Honoré de Balzac nov ...
'' (1931; writer) * ''
Arsène Lupin Arsène Lupin (French pronunciation: ʁsɛn lypɛ̃ is a fictional gentleman thief and master of disguise created in 1905 by French writer Maurice Leblanc. The character was first introduced in a series of short stories serialized in the magazi ...
'' (1932; dialogue) * '' Downstairs'' (1932; screenplay) * ''
Rasputin and the Empress ''Rasputin and the Empress'' is a 1932 American pre-Code film directed by Richard Boleslawski and written by Charles MacArthur. Produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM), the film is set in Imperial Russia and stars the Barrymore siblings (John, a ...
'' (1932; uncredited) * ''
Night Court ''Night Court'' is an American television sitcom that aired on NBC from January 4, 1984 to May 31, 1992. The setting was the night shift of a Manhattan municipal court presided over by a young, unorthodox judge, Harold "Harry" T. Stone (portray ...
'' (1932; writer) * ''
Torch Singer A torch song is a sentimental love song, typically one in which the singer laments an unrequited or lost love, either where one party is oblivious to the existence of the other, where one party has moved on, or where a romantic affair has affecte ...
'' (1933; screenplay) * '' Such Women Are Dangerous'' (1934; additional dialogue) * ''
Evelyn Prentice ''Evelyn Prentice'' is a 1934 American crime drama film starring William Powell and Myrna Loy, and featuring Una Merkel and Rosalind Russell in her film debut. The movie was based on the 1933 novel of the same name by W. E. Woodward. Filmed betwe ...
'' (1934; writer) * '' All Men Are Enemies'' (1934; writer) * '' Four Frightened People'' (1934; writer) * '' Vanessa: Her Love Story'' (1935; adapted screenplay) * ''
Age of Indiscretion ''Age of Indiscretion'' is a 1935 American drama film directed by Edward Ludwig and written by Leon Gordon and Otis Garrett. The film stars Paul Lukas, Madge Evans, Helen Vinson, May Robson, David Holt and Ralph Forbes. Plot Cast * Paul ...
'' (1935; story) * '' The Personal History, Adventures, Experience, & Observation of David Copperfield the Younger'' (1935; uncredited) * '' Suzy'' (1936; writer) * ''
White Banners ''White Banners'' is a 1938 Warner Bros. drama film directed by Edmund Goulding and starring Claude Rains, Fay Bainter, Jackie Cooper, Bonita Granville, Henry O'Neill, and Kay Johnson. Produced by Henry Blanke and Hal B. Wallis, the screenp ...
'' (1938; screenplay) * ''
Four Daughters ''Four Daughters'' is a 1938 American romance film that tells the story of a happy musical family whose lives and loves are disrupted by the arrival of a charming young composer who interjects himself into the daughters' romantic lives. His cynic ...
'' (1938; writer) * ''
Stronger Than Desire ''Stronger Than Desire'' is a 1939 American drama film directed by Leslie Fenton and starring Virginia Bruce, Walter Pidgeon and Ann Dvorak. It is a remake of 1934 film ''Evelyn Prentice'', itself based on the 1933 novel '' Evelyn Prentice'' by ...
'' (1939; contributing writer; uncredited) * ''
Four Wives ''Four Wives'' is a 1939 American drama film starring the Lane Sisters ( Priscilla Lane, Rosemary Lane, Lola Lane) and Gale Page. The film was directed by Michael Curtiz and is based on the story "Sister Act" by Fannie Hurst. The supporting ...
'' (1939; contributor to treatment; uncredited) * ''
Good Girls Go to Paris ''Good Girls Go to Paris'' is a 1939 American romantic comedy film starring Melvyn Douglas and Joan Blondell. Plot Jenny Swanson is a waitress in a small college town whose dream is to go to Paris by any means necessary. She confides her plan for ...
'' (1939 original story) * ''
My Son, My Son! ''My Son, My Son!'' is a 1940 American drama film based on a novel by the same name written by Howard Spring and directed by Charles Vidor. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Academy Award for Best Production Design, Best Art Direction by ...
'' (1940; screenplay) * ''
The Way of All Flesh ''The Way of All Flesh'' (sometimes called ''Ernest Pontifex, or the Way of All Flesh'') is a semi-autobiographical novel by Samuel Butler that attacks Victorian-era hypocrisy. Written between 1873 and 1884, it traces four generations of the ...
'' (1940; writer) * ''
They Died with Their Boots On ''They Died with Their Boots On'' is a 1941 American black-and-white Western film from Warner Bros. Pictures, produced by Hal B. Wallis and Robert Fellows, directed by Raoul Walsh, that stars Errol Flynn and Olivia de Havilland. The film's sto ...
'' (1941; additional dialogue; uncredited) * ''
The Great Lie ''The Great Lie'' is a 1941 American drama film directed by Edmund Goulding, and starring Bette Davis, George Brent and Mary Astor. The screenplay by Lenore J. Coffee is based on the novel ''January Heights'' by Polan Banks. Plot When concert ...
'' (1941; writer) * ''
We Were Dancing ''We Were Dancing'' is a short comic play in two scenes by Noël Coward. It is one of ten short plays that make up '' Tonight at 8.30'', a cycle written to be performed in groups of three plays across three evenings. The original production, ...
'' (1942; contributing writer; uncredited) * '' The Gay Sisters'' (1942; screenplay) * ''
Old Acquaintance ''Old Acquaintance'' is a 1943 American drama film released by Warner Bros. It was directed by Vincent Sherman and produced by Henry Blanke with Jack L. Warner as executive producer. The film was adapted from a screenplay by John Van Druten, L ...
'' (1943; screenplay) * '' Till We Meet Again'' (1944; writer) * ''
Marriage Is a Private Affair ''Marriage is a Private Affair'' is a 1944 war-comedy film, directed by Robert Z. Leonard, based on novel ''Marriage Is a Private Affair'' (1941) by Judith Kelly. It stars Lana Turner, Frances Gifford and James Craig. Plot During World War II ...
'' (1944; writer) * '' Tomorrow Is Forever'' (1946; writer) * '' The Guilt of Janet Ames'' (1947; story) * '' Escape Me Never'' (1947; uncredited) * ''
Beyond the Forest ''Beyond the Forest'' is a 1949 American film noir directed by King Vidor, and featuring Bette Davis, Joseph Cotten, David Brian, and Ruth Roman. The screenplay is written by Lenore Coffee based on a novel by Stuart Engstrand. The film marks Dav ...
'' (1949; writer) * '' Lightning Strikes Twice'' (1951; writer) * '' Sudden Fear'' (1952; writer) * '' Young at Heart'' (1954; writer) * ''Family Portrait'' (1955; teleplay based on Coffee's 1939 play) * ''
Footsteps in the Fog ''Footsteps in the Fog'' is a 1955 British Technicolor film noir crime film starring Stewart Granger and Jean Simmons, with a screenplay co-written by Lenore Coffee and Dorothy Davenport, and released by Columbia Pictures. The film is bas ...
'' (1955; screenplay) * ''
Lux Video Theatre ''Lux Video Theatre'' is an American television anthology series that was produced from 1950 until 1957. The series presented both comedy and drama in original teleplays, as well as abridged adaptations of films and plays. Overview The ''Lux Vid ...
'' "Lightning Strikes Twice" (1955; teleplay) * ''
The End of the Affair ''The End of the Affair'' is a 1951 novel by British author Graham Greene, as well as the title of two feature films (released in 1955 and 1999) that were adapted from the novel. Set in London during and just after the Second World War, the n ...
'' (1955; writer) * ''
Lux Video Theatre ''Lux Video Theatre'' is an American television anthology series that was produced from 1950 until 1957. The series presented both comedy and drama in original teleplays, as well as abridged adaptations of films and plays. Overview The ''Lux Vid ...
'' "Old Acquaintance" (1956; teleplay) * ''
Lux Video Theatre ''Lux Video Theatre'' is an American television anthology series that was produced from 1950 until 1957. The series presented both comedy and drama in original teleplays, as well as abridged adaptations of films and plays. Overview The ''Lux Vid ...
'' "The Gay Sisters" (1956; teleplay) * '' The 20th Century-Fox Hour'' "Yacht on the High Sea episode" (1956; teleplay) * ''
Lux Video Theatre ''Lux Video Theatre'' is an American television anthology series that was produced from 1950 until 1957. The series presented both comedy and drama in original teleplays, as well as abridged adaptations of films and plays. Overview The ''Lux Vid ...
'' "The Great Lie" (1957; teleplay) * '' Another Time, Another Place'' (1958; screenplay by Stanley Mann, based on Coffee's 1955 novel) * ''
The Invisible Man ''The Invisible Man'' is a science fiction novel by H. G. Wells. Originally serialized in '' Pearson's Weekly'' in 1897, it was published as a novel the same year. The Invisible Man to whom the title refers is Griffin, a scientist who has devo ...
'' "the Mink Coat" (1959; teleplay) * ''
Cash McCall ''Cash McCall'' is a 1960 American romantic drama film in Technicolor from Warner Bros., produced by Henry Blanke, directed by Joseph Pevney, and starring James Garner and Natalie Wood. The film's screenplay by Lenore J. Coffee and Marion H ...
'' (1960; writer)


Notes


External links

*
Lenore Coffee
at Women Film Pioneers Project * {{DEFAULTSORT:Coffee, Lenore J. 1896 births 1984 deaths Screenwriters from California Writers from San Francisco People from Greater Los Angeles American women screenwriters American women dramatists and playwrights 20th-century American dramatists and playwrights 20th-century American women writers Women film pioneers 20th-century American screenwriters