Kurdybań Warkowicki, or Kurdyban–Warkowicki, was a Polish village in

Wołyń Voivodeship (1921–1939) Wołyń Voivodeship or Volhynian Voivodeship was an administrative region of interwar Poland (1918–1939) with an area of 35,754 km², 22 cities, and provincial capital in Łuck. The voivodeship was divided into 11 districts (powiaty). Th ...

before the joint Nazi German and Soviet invasions of Poland in 1939. It was located near the town of Warkowicze ( uk, Варковичi) in

Dubno Dubno ( uk, Ду́бно) is a city and municipality located on the Ikva River in Rivne Oblast (province) of western Ukraine. It serves as the administrative center of Dubno Raion (district). The city is located on intersection of two major ...

County, in the eastern part of the Second Polish Republic (now, in Ukraine). Volhynia Gazetteer. Location according to SGGEE guideline, p. 20: Kurdiban (Kurdyban-Warkowicki/W of Varkovychi) near Dubno
The village was eradicated during the Polish population transfers after World War II, when the

Kresy Eastern Borderlands ( pl, Kresy Wschodnie) or simply Borderlands ( pl, Kresy, ) was a term coined for the eastern part of the Second Polish Republic during the History of Poland (1918–1939), interwar period (1918–1939). Largely agricultural ...

macroregion A macroregion is a geopolitical subdivision that encompasses several traditionally or politically defined regions or countries. The meaning may vary, with the common denominator being cultural, economical, historical or social similarity within a ma ...

was formally incorporated into the Soviet Union.

World War II

The village was a site of an OUN- UPA ethnic cleansing operation against the Polish civilians, led by the Ukrainian Military Group No. 02 called the " Bohun" during the wave of

massacres of Poles in Volhynia The massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia ( pl, rzeź wołyńska, lit=Volhynian slaughter; uk, Волинська трагедія, lit=Volyn tragedy, translit=Volynska trahediia), were carried out in German-occupied Poland by the ...

between 1942 and 1945. The Polish self-defence unit managed to hold its position there until the arrival of the

Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army ( Russian: Рабо́че-крестья́нская Кра́сная армия),) often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and, afte ...

in 1944. Władysław and Ewa Siemaszko
''Ludobójstwo'', Polska obrona, Zarys ogólny wydarzeń.
Internet Archive. The witnesses consider such survival remarkable with no German outposts and no Polish partisans in its vicinity. Unlike neighbouring settlements, Kurdybań was not surrounded by the forest; therefore, the UPA units had no place to hide against its defenders equipped with a heavy machine gun disassembled from a Soviet tank destroyed by the Germans. The Kurdybań provided refuge for Jewish families escaping

the Holocaust The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe; ...

in its vicinity. The local self-defence was made up of around 60 men including 25

Polish Jews The history of the Jews in Poland dates back at least 1,000 years. For centuries, Poland was home to the largest and most significant Ashkenazi Jewish community in the world. Poland was a principal center of Jewish culture, because of the l ...

. Most Polish self-defence units across the province fell — unable to defend the population against the genocide. Kurdybań Warkowicki was one of the only a handful of surviving units, among them: Młynów (now

Mlyniv Mlyniv ( uk, Млинів; pl, Młynów) is an urban-type settlement in Rivne Oblast (province) in western Ukraine. Mlyniv was also formerly the administrative center of Mlyniv Raion, housing the district's local administration buildings, alth ...

), Lubomirka,

Klewań Klevan ( uk, Клевань; is an urban-type settlement in Rivne Raion (district) of Rivne Oblast (province) in western Ukraine. Its population was 7,470 at the 2001 Ukrainian census. Current population: History A settlement on the current t ...

, Rokitno (in the

Pinsk Marshes __NOTOC__ The Pinsk Marshes ( be, Пінскія балоты, ''Pinskiya baloty''), also known as the Pripet Marshes ( be, Прыпяцкія балоты, ''Prypiackija baloty''), the Polesie Marshes, and the Rokitno Marshes, are a vast natural ...

), Budki Snowidowickie and Osty. The settlement no longer exists. It was liquidated likely during the

Polish population transfers (1944–46) Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe * Polish language * Poles, people from Poland or of Polish descent * Polish chicken *Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin screenwr ...

References

* Andrzej Mielcarek
Strony o Wolyniu
* Władysław and Ewa Siemaszko

Internet Archive. * Krzysztof Lada
''Creative Forgetting.''
''Polish and Ukrainian Historiographies on the Campaign against the Poles in Volhynia during World WarII'', Glaukopis, No. 2/3, 2005, pp. 340–75. * Prof. dr Ryszard Szawłowski (November 2000)

''Ludobójstwo dokonane przez nacjonalistów ukraińskich na ludności polskiej Wołynia 1939-1945'' Władysław Siemaszko, Ewa Siemaszko * Leszek Ubowski
Organizacja i funkcjonowanie okręgu Okręg Wołyń, Wrocław 2007
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kurdyban Warkowicki Former populated places in Ukraine History of Volyn Oblast Massacres of Poles in Volhynia War crimes committed by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army

World War II

See also

References