is a

city A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be def ...

located in the western portion of Tokyo Metropolis,

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the n ...

. , the city had an estimated

population Population typically refers to the number of people in a single area, whether it be a city or town, region, country, continent, or the world. Governments typically quantify the size of the resident population within their jurisdiction usi ...

of 195,207 in 93,654 households, and a

population density Population density (in agriculture: standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geographical term.Matt RosenberPopu ...

of 9500 persons per km². The total area of the city was .

Geography

Kodaira is located in the Musashino Terrace near the geographic centre of Tokyo Metropolis.

Surrounding municipalities

Tokyo Metropolis * Nishitokyo *

Tachikawa 250px, Showa Memorial Park is a city located in the western portion of Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 184,383 in 93,428 households, and a population density of 7600 persons per km2. The total area of the ci ...

Higashimurayama is a city located in the western portion of Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 148,275, and a population density of 8700 persons per km2. The total area of the city is . Geography Higashimurayama is located on the ...

* Higashiiyamato *

Higashikurume is a city located in the western portion of Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 117,020, and a population density of 9100 persons per km². The total area of the city was . Geography Higashikurume is in the nort ...

* Kokubunji * Koganei

Climate

Kodaira has a

Humid subtropical climate A humid subtropical climate is a zone of climate characterized by hot and humid summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents (except Antarctica), generally between latitudes 25° and 40° ...

(Köppen ''Cfa'') characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual temperature in Kodaira is 14.0 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1647 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 25.5 °C, and lowest in January, at around 2.6 °C.

Demographics

Per Japanese census data, the population of Kodaira increased rapidly in the 1950s and 1960s.

History

The area of present-day Kodaira was part of ancient

Musashi Province was a province of Japan, which today comprises Tokyo Metropolis, most of Saitama Prefecture and part of Kanagawa Prefecture. It was sometimes called . The province encompassed Kawasaki and Yokohama. Musashi bordered on Kai, Kōzuke, Sagami, ...

, but was a largely unpopulated area under the opening of the

Tamagawa Aqueduct is a 43 km long Japanese aqueduct located in Tokyo. It was constructed by the Tokugawa shogunate to supply drinking and fire-fighting water from the Tama river to Edo, providing irrigation water around farm villages. The aqueduct was made fol ...

in the

Edo period The or is the period between 1603 and 1867 in the history of Japan, when Japan was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and the country's 300 regional '' daimyo''. Emerging from the chaos of the Sengoku period, the Edo period was character ...

made agriculture possible. In the post-

Meiji Restoration The , referred to at the time as the , and also known as the Meiji Renovation, Revolution, Regeneration, Reform, or Renewal, was a political event that restored practical imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji. Although there were ...

cadastral reform of July 22, 1878, the area became part of Kitatama District in

Kanagawa Prefecture is a prefecture of Japan located in the Kantō region of Honshu. Kanagawa Prefecture is the second-most populous prefecture of Japan at 9,221,129 (1 April 2022) and third-densest at . Its geographic area of makes it fifth-smallest. Kanag ...

. The village of Kodaira was created on April 1, 1889 with the establishment of the modern municipalities system. Kitatama District was transferred to the administrative control of Tokyo Metropolis on April 1, 1893. The population of the area expanded after the

1923 Great Kantō earthquake The struck the Kantō Plain on the main Japanese island of Honshū at 11:58:44 JST (02:58:44 UTC) on Saturday, September 1, 1923. Varied accounts indicate the duration of the earthquake was between four and ten minutes. Extensive firestorms an ...

with the relocation of universities and housing areas from central Tokyo. Kodaira was elevated to town status in 1944 and to city status on October 1, 1962.

Government

Kodaira has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a

unicameral Unicameralism (from ''uni''- "one" + Latin ''camera'' "chamber") is a type of legislature, which consists of one house or assembly, that legislates and votes as one. Unicameral legislatures exist when there is no widely perceived need for multi ...

city council of 28 members. Kodaira contributes two members to the Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of

Tokyo 18th district is a constituency of the House of Representatives in the Diet of Japan. It is located in Western Tokyo and consists of the cities of Musashino, Koganei and Fuchū. Until 2002, it included Mitaka (now part of Tokyo 22nd district) instead of ...

of the

lower house A lower house is one of two Debate chamber, chambers of a Bicameralism, bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the upper house. Despite its official position "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide, the lower house has co ...

of the

Diet of Japan The is the national legislature of Japan. It is composed of a lower house, called the House of Representatives (, ''Shūgiin''), and an upper house, the House of Councillors (, '' Sangiin''). Both houses are directly elected under a paral ...

Education

Universities

* Tsuda College * Kaetsu University * Musashino Art University * Hitotsubashi University (Kodaira campus) * Shiraume Gakuen College * Shiraume Gakuen Junior College

Primary and secondary schools

The

Tokyo Metropolitan Government Board of Education The Tokyo Metropolitan Government Board of Education (東京都教育委員会 ''Tōkyō-to Kyōiku Iinkai'') is the board of education in Tokyo, Japan. The board directly manages all of the public high schools in all 23 special wards, the Wester ...

operates three public high schools. There is also one special education school for the handicapped. * * * Kodaira has 19 public elementary school and eight public junior high schools. Public junior high schools: * Hana Koganei Minami ( 花小金井南中学校) * Josui ( 上水中学校) * Kodaira No. 1 ( 小平第一中学校) * Kodaira No. 2 ( 小平第二中学校) * Kodaira No. 3 ( 小平第三中学校) * Kodaira No. 4 ( 小平第四中学校) * Kodaira No. 5 ( 小平第五中学校) * Kodaira No. 6 ( 小平第六中学校) Public elementary schools: * Gakuen Higashi (学園東小学校) * Hana Koganei (花小金井小学校) * Kamijuku ( 上宿小学校) * Kodaira No. 1 ( 小平第一小学校) * Kodaira No. 2 (小平第二小学校) * Kodaira No. 3 (小平第三小学校) * Kodaira No. 4 ( 小平第四小学校) * Kodaira No. 5 ( 小平第五小学校) * Kodaira No. 6 ( 小平第六小学校) * Kodaira No. 7 ( 小平第七小学校) * Kodaira No. 8 (小平第八小学校) * Kodaira No. 9 ( 小平第九小学校) * Kodaira No. 10 ( 小平第十小学校) * Kodaira No. 11 (小平第十一小学校) * Kodaira No. 12 ( 小平第十二小学校) * Kodaira No. 13 ( 小平第十三小学校) * Kodaira No. 14 (小平第十四小学校) * Kodaira No. 15 (小平第十五小学校) * Suzuki ( 鈴木小学校) There are two private elementary schools, three private junior high schools, and three private high schools. * * * * Salesians of Don Bosco Salesian Primary and Junior High School ( サレジオ小学校・中学校) *

Miscellaneous school

Korea University Korea University (KU, ) is a private research university in Seoul, South Korea, established in 1905. The university is included as one of the SKY universities, a popular acronym referring to Korea's three most prestigious universities. Th ...

Transportation

Railway

JR East The is a major passenger railway company in Japan and is the largest of the seven Japan Railways Group companies. The company name is officially abbreviated as JR-EAST or JR East in English, and as in Japanese. The company's headquarters ar ...

–

Musashino Line The is a railway line operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East). It links Tsurumi Station in Yokohama with Nishi-Funabashi Station in Chiba Prefecture, forming a 100.6 km unclosed loop around central Tokyo. Passenger operations a ...

Seibu Railway is a conglomerate based in Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan, with principal business areas in railways, tourism, and real estate. Seibu Railway's operations are concentrated in northwest Tokyo and Saitama Prefecture; the name "Seibu" is an abbrevia ...

- Seibu Shinjuku Line * - SeibuShinjuku

- Seibu Tamako Line * - SeibuShinjuku

Seibu Kokubunji Line The is a railway line in Tokyo, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Seibu Railway is a conglomerate based in Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan, with principal business areas in railways, tourism, and real estate. Seibu Railway's ope ...

* -

Seibu Haijima Line The is a railway line in Tokyo, Japan, operated by Seibu Railway. It acts as a branch line of the Seibu Shinjuku Line, with direct trains to Seibu-Shinjuku Station in Tokyo. Stations :O: stop : SE: : E: : HL: All trains on this line sto ...

* - <''Higashi-Murayama''> -

Highway

Kodaira is not served by any national highways or expressways.

Local attractions

* Koganei Park *

Edo-Tokyo Open Air Architectural Museum The in Koganei Park, Tokyo, Japan, is a museum of historic Japanese buildings. The park includes many buildings from the ordinary middle class Japanese experience to the homes of wealthy and powerful individuals such as former Prime Minister ...

*Kodaira Municipal Cemetery * Kodaiara Hirakushi Denchu Art Museum *Gas Museum

Notable people from Kodaira

* Kōji Tsujitani, voice actor * Shun Oguri, actor * Ryuhei Kawada, politician

References

External links

Kodaira City Official Website
* {{Authority control Cities in Tokyo Western Tokyo