The Khashabiyya Shia (named for their exclusive use of pieces of wood as weapons in their revolt against the
Umayyads Umayyads may refer to:
*Umayyad dynasty, a Muslim ruling family of the Caliphate (661–750) and in Spain (756–1031)
*Umayyad Caliphate (661–750)
:*Emirate of Córdoba (756–929)
:*Caliphate of Córdoba
The Caliphate of Córdoba ( ar, خ ...
under the leadership of
Al-Mukhtar
Al-Mukhtar ibn Abi Ubayd al-Thaqafi ( ar, المختار بن أبي عبيد الثقفي, '; – 3 April 687) was a pro-Alid revolutionary based in Kufa, who led a rebellion against the Umayyad Caliphate in 685 and ruled over most of Iraq f ...
) are an extinct subsect of the
Zaidi branch of
Shia Islam
Shīʿa Islam or Shīʿīsm is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his successor (''khalīfa'') and the Imam (spiritual and political leader) after him, m ...
. They originated as followers of Al-Mukhtar and hence would have been expected to be categorized under the
Kaysanite Shia sect
A sect is a subgroup of a religious, political, or philosophical belief system, usually an offshoot of a larger group. Although the term was originally a classification for religious separated groups, it can now refer to any organization that ...
. The Khashabiyya Shia were later known in
Khurasan as the Surkhabiyya (named for their leader Surkhab al-Tabari).
Beliefs
The Khashabiyya Shia had the following beliefs:
*They believed that
Ali
ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib ( ar, عَلِيّ بْن أَبِي طَالِب; 600 – 661 CE) was the last of four Rightly Guided Caliphs to rule Islam (r. 656 – 661) immediately after the death of Muhammad, and he was the first Shia Imam ...
was the
legatee
A legatee, in the law of wills, is any individual or organization bequeathed any portion of a testator's estate.
Usage
Depending upon local custom, legatees may be called "devisees". Traditionally, "legatees" took personal property under will a ...
of
Muhammad
Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet divinely inspired to preach and confirm the mo ...
and not an
Imam, but merely the executor (Wasi) of the Imamate that Muhammad had deposited with him until he could pass it on to his son
Hasan.
*The Imamate will remain only among the descendants of Hasan ibn Ali and
Husayn ibn Ali.
*The Imamate may reside in any one of the descendants of Hasan and Husayn who rises in revolt.
*The “Imam” can be knowledgeable or ignorant, the most excellent or of lesser qualities, righteous or immoral, just or tyrannical.
*The “Imam” must be fully obeyed and never opposed, no matter who he is.
*If two people claim the Imamate at the same time or two of them fight one another, no one should take sides in the struggle between them or provide any assistance to one of them against the other, regardless of whether they are both tyrannical, or both just, or mutual opposites.
See also
*
Islamic schools and branches
Islamic schools and branches have different understandings of Islam. There are many different sects or denominations, schools of Islamic jurisprudence, and schools of Islamic theology, or '' ʿaqīdah'' (creed). Within Islamic groups themselves ...
*
List of extinct Shia sects
The following is a list of extinct unorthodox movements within Shia Islam. These are movements that no longer have any living followers or practitioners. These movements were created around certain beliefs that were unorthodox and not held by th ...
References
{{no footnotes, date=February 2015
Bibliography
Mediaeval Isma'ili History and Thought, By Farhad Daftary, pg.172An Ismaili heresiography: the "Bāb al-shayṭān" from Abū Tammām's Kitāb al ..., By Wilferd Madelung, Paul Ernest Walker, pg.91
Zaidiyyah
Shia Islamic branches
Schisms in Islam