The Karkin language (also called ''Los Carquines'' in Spanish) is one of eight

Ohlone languages The Ohlone languages, also known as Costanoan, are a small family of indigenous languages spoken by the Ohlone people. The pre-contact distribution of these languages ranged from the southern San Francisco Bay Area to northern Monterey County. ...

. It was formerly spoken in north central

California California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the m ...

, but by the 1950s there were no more native speakers."Karkin."
''Ethnologue.'' Retrieved 22 July 2012. The language was historically spoken by the

Karkin people The Karkin people (also called ''Los Carquines'' in Spanish) are one of eight Ohlone peoples, indigenous peoples of California. The Karkin people have historically lived in the Carquinez Strait region in the northeast portion of the San Francis ...

, who lived in the

Carquinez Strait The Carquinez Strait (; Spanish: ''Estrecho de Carquinez'') is a narrow tidal strait in Northern California. It is part of the tidal estuary of the Sacramento and the San Joaquin rivers as they drain into the San Francisco Bay. The strait is ...

region in the northeast portion of the San Francisco Bay estuary. Karkin's only documentation is a single vocabulary obtained by linguist-missionary

Felipe Arroyo de la Cuesta Felipe Arroyo de la Cuesta (1780–1842) was a Spanish Franciscan missionary and linguist notable for his work on native languages. Arroyo de la Cuesta was born in Cubo de Bureba, Burgos, Spain in 1780. He arrived in the Spanish territory of A ...

Mission Dolores Dolores, Spanish for "pain; grief", most commonly refers to: * Our Lady of Sorrows or La Virgen María de los Dolores * Dolores (given name) Dolores may also refer to: Film * ''Dolores'' (2017 film), an American documentary by Peter Bratt * ' ...

in 1821. Although meager, the records of Karkin show that it constituted a distinct branch of Ohlone, strikingly different from the neighboring Chochenyo Ohlone language and other Ohlone languages spoken farther south.Beeler 1961

Notes

References

* Beeler, Madison S. 1961. "Northern Costanoan." ''International Journal of American Linguistics'' 27: 191–197. * Callaghan, Catherine A. 1997. "Evidence for Yok-Utian." ''International Journal of American Linguistics'' 63:18–64. * Golla, Victor. 2007. "Linguistic Prehistory." ''California Prehistory: Colonization, Culture, and Complexity''. Terry L. Jones and Kathryn A. Klar, eds., pp. 71–82. New York: Altamira Press. . * Milliken, Randall T. 1995. ''A Time of Little Choice: The Disintegration of Tribal Culture in the San Francisco Bay Region, 1769–1810''. Menlo Park, CA: Ballena Press. * Milliken, Randall T. 2008. ''Native Americans at Mission San Jose''. Banning, CA: Malki-Ballena Press. .

External links

Karkin language
overview at the Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Costanoan/Ohlone Indian Language
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Karkin Language Ohlone languages Extinct languages of North America

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