Jules Armand Stanislas Dufaure (; 4 December 1798 – 28 June 1881) was a French
statesman
A statesman or stateswoman typically is a politician who has had a long and respected political career at the national or international level.
Statesman or Statesmen may also refer to:
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.
Biography
Dufaure was born at
Saujon
Saujon () is a commune in the Charente-Maritime department in southwestern France.
Population
See also
*Communes of the Charente-Maritime department
The following is a list of the 463 communes of the Charente-Maritime department of Franc ...
, Charente-Maritime, and began his career as an advocate at
Bordeaux
Bordeaux ( , ; Gascon oc, Bordèu ; eu, Bordele; it, Bordò; es, Burdeos) is a port city on the river Garonne in the Gironde department, Southwestern France. It is the capital of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, as well as the prefectu ...
, where he won a great reputation by his oratorical gifts. He abandoned law for politics and, in 1834, was elected deputy. In 1839, he became minister of public works in the ministry of Jean-de-Dieu Soult, and succeeded in freeing railway construction in France from the obstacles which until then had hampered it.
Losing office in 1840, Dufaure became one of the leaders of the Opposition, and on the outbreak of the revolution of 1848, he accepted the Republic and joined the party of moderate republicans. On 13 October, he became minister of the interior under Louis-Eugène Cavaignac, but retired on the latter's defeat in the presidential election. During the
Second French Empire
The Second French Empire (; officially the French Empire, ), was the 18-year Imperial Bonapartist regime of Napoleon III from 14 January 1852 to 27 October 1870, between the Second and the Third Republic of France.
Historians in the 1930s ...
, Dufaure abstained from public life, and practised at the Paris bar with such success that he was elected ''bâtonnier'' in 1862.
In 1863, he succeeded to Étienne-Denis Pasquier's seat in the
Académie Française
An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of secondary or tertiary higher learning (and generally also research or honorary membership). The name traces back to Plato's school of philosop ...
. In 1871, he became a member of the Assembly, and proposed
Adolphe Thiers
Marie Joseph Louis Adolphe Thiers ( , ; 15 April 17973 September 1877) was a French statesman and historian. He was the second elected President of France and first President of the French Third Republic.
Thiers was a key figure in the July Rev ...
as President of the Republic. Dufaure became the minister of justice as chief of the party of the "left-centre," and his tenure of office was distinguished by the passage of the jury-law. In 1873, he fell with Thiers, but in 1875 resumed his former post under Louis Buffet, whom he succeeded on 9 March 1876, the first to become president of the council (his predecessors wore the title of vice-presidents of the council). In the same year, he was elected a life senator. On 12 December, he withdrew from the ministry owing to the attacks of the republicans of the left in the chamber and of the conservatives in the senate.
After the conservatives' defeat on 16 May, he returned to power on 24 December 1877. Early in 1879, Dufaure took part in compelling the resignation of
Patrice MacMahon, duc de Magenta
Marie Edme Patrice Maurice de MacMahon, marquis de MacMahon, duc de Magenta (; 13 June 1808 – 17 October 1893) was a French general and politician, with the distinction of Marshal of France. He served as Chief of State of France from 1873 to 1 ...
, but immediately afterwards (1 February), worn out by opposition, he retired. As Prime Minister, he served as the Acting President of the Republic on 30 January 1879.
See G Picot, ''M. Dufaure, sa vie et ses discours'' (Paris, 1883).
Dufaure's First Government, 19 February 1871 – 18 May 1873
* Jules Dufaure – President of the Council and
Minister of Justice
A justice ministry, ministry of justice, or department of justice is a ministry or other government agency in charge of the administration of justice. The ministry or department is often headed by a minister of justice (minister for justice in a ...
Minister of Foreign Affairs
A foreign affairs minister or minister of foreign affairs (less commonly minister for foreign affairs) is generally a cabinet minister in charge of a state's foreign policy and relations. The formal title of the top official varies between co ...
*
Adolphe Charles Le Flô
''Adolphe'' is a classic French novel by Benjamin Constant, first published in 1816. It tells the story of an alienated young man, Adolphe, who falls in love with an older woman, Ellénore, the Polish mistress of the Comte de P***. Their illicit ...
Minister of the Interior
An interior minister (sometimes called a minister of internal affairs or minister of home affairs) is a cabinet official position that is responsible for internal affairs, such as public security, civil registration and identification, emergency ...
Minister of Finance
A finance minister is an executive or cabinet position in charge of one or more of government finances, economic policy and financial regulation.
A finance minister's portfolio has a large variety of names around the world, such as "treasury", ...
*
Louis Marie Alexis Pothuau
Louis Pierre Alexis Pothuau (28 October 1815, Paris – 7 October 1882) was a French naval officer and politician. He served as deputy for Paris, then as a sénateur inamovible. He was twice Minister for the Navy and the Colonies and ended his ...
Jules Simon
Jules François Simon (; 31 December 1814 – 8 June 1896) was a French statesman and philosopher, and one of the leaders of the Moderate Republicans in the Third French Republic.
Biography
Simon was born at Lorient. His father was a linen-dra ...
Auguste Casimir-Perier
Auguste Victor Laurent Casimir-Perier (20 August 1811, Paris – 6 June 1876) was a French diplomat and political leader. He was the son of Prime Minister Casimir Pierre Perier and the father of President Jean Casimir-Perier.
He entered the ...
succeeds Lambrecht as Minister of the Interior
* 6 February 1872 – Victor Lefranc succeeds Casimir-Perier as Minister of the Interior. Eugène de Goulard succeeds Lefranc as Minister of Agriculture and Commerce.
* 23 April 1872 – Eugène de Goulard succeeds Pouyer-Quertier as Minister of Finance. Pierre Teisserenc de Bort succeeds Goulard as Minister of Agriculture and Commerce.
* 7 December 1872 – Eugène de Goulard succeeds Lefranc as Minister of the Interior.
Léon Say
Jean-Baptiste-Léon Say (6 June 1826, Paris – 21 April 1896, Paris) was a French statesman and diplomat.
One of the 19th-century's noted economists, he served as French Finance Minister from 1872 until 1883.
Biography
The Say family is a mos ...
succeeds Goulard as Minister of Finance.
Oscar Bardi de Fourtou
Marie François Oscar Bardi de Fourtou (3 January 1836 – 6 December 1897) was a French politician. Born into a bourgeois family, he served as Minister of Transport from 7 December 1872 to 18 May 1873. He also served as Minister of Interior and ...
succeeds Larcy as Minister of Public Works.
Dufaure's Second Government, 18–25 May 1873
* Jules Dufaure – President of the Council and Minister of Justice
* Comte de Rémusat – Minister of Foreign Affairs
* Ernest Courtot de Cissey – Minister of War
*
Auguste Casimir-Perier
Auguste Victor Laurent Casimir-Perier (20 August 1811, Paris – 6 June 1876) was a French diplomat and political leader. He was the son of Prime Minister Casimir Pierre Perier and the father of President Jean Casimir-Perier.
He entered the ...
– Minister of the Interior
*
Léon Say
Jean-Baptiste-Léon Say (6 June 1826, Paris – 21 April 1896, Paris) was a French statesman and diplomat.
One of the 19th-century's noted economists, he served as French Finance Minister from 1872 until 1883.
Biography
The Say family is a mos ...
– Minister of Finance
*
Louis Marie Alexis Pothuau
Louis Pierre Alexis Pothuau (28 October 1815, Paris – 7 October 1882) was a French naval officer and politician. He served as deputy for Paris, then as a sénateur inamovible. He was twice Minister for the Navy and the Colonies and ended his ...
Oscar Bardi de Fourtou
Marie François Oscar Bardi de Fourtou (3 January 1836 – 6 December 1897) was a French politician. Born into a bourgeois family, he served as Minister of Transport from 7 December 1872 to 18 May 1873. He also served as Minister of Interior and ...
Eugène Caillaux
Eugene is a common male given name that comes from the Greek εὐγενής (''eugenēs''), "noble", literally "well-born", from εὖ (''eu''), "well" and γένος (''genos''), "race, stock, kin".Louis Raymond de Montaignac de Chauvannce – Minister of Marine and Colonies
* Henri Wallon – Minister of Public Instruction, Fine Arts, and Worship
* Vicomte de Meaux – Minister of Agriculture and Commerce
Dufaure's Fourth Government, 9 March – 12 December 1876
Léon Say
Jean-Baptiste-Léon Say (6 June 1826, Paris – 21 April 1896, Paris) was a French statesman and diplomat.
One of the 19th-century's noted economists, he served as French Finance Minister from 1872 until 1883.
Biography
The Say family is a mos ...
Léon Say
Jean-Baptiste-Léon Say (6 June 1826, Paris – 21 April 1896, Paris) was a French statesman and diplomat.
One of the 19th-century's noted economists, he served as French Finance Minister from 1872 until 1883.
Biography
The Say family is a mos ...
– Minister of Finance
*
Louis Marie Alexis Pothuau
Louis Pierre Alexis Pothuau (28 October 1815, Paris – 7 October 1882) was a French naval officer and politician. He served as deputy for Paris, then as a sénateur inamovible. He was twice Minister for the Navy and the Colonies and ended his ...
– Minister of Marine and Colonies
*
Agénor Bardoux
Agénor Bardoux (15 January 1829, Bourges, Cher23 November 1897, Paris) was a French statesman and republican, son of Jacques Bardoux ( Moulins, 3 February 1795Clermont-Ferrand, 8 January 1871) and wife Thérèse Pignet (Limoges, 6 April 1807 St. ...