Dame
Dame Frances Margaret Anderson, AC, DBE (10 February 1897 – 3
January 1992[2]), known professionally as Judith Anderson, was an
Australian-born British actress who had a successful career in stage,
film and television. A preeminent stage actress in her era, she won
two Emmy Awards and a
Tony Award
Tony Award and was also nominated for a Grammy
Award and an Academy Award. She is considered one of the
20th-century's greatest classical stage actors.
Contents
1 Early life
2 Stage
3 Hollywood
4 Television
5 Later career
6 Personal life
7 Death
8 Honours
9 Partial filmography
10 Radio appearances
11 See also
12 Sources
13 References
14 External links
Early life[edit]
Frances Margaret Anderson was born in 1897 in Adelaide, South
Australia, the youngest of four children born to Jessie Margaret (née
Saltmarsh; 19 October 1862 – 24 November 1950), a former nurse, and
Scottish-born James Anderson Anderson, a sharebroker and pioneering
prospector.[3][4]
She attended a private school, Norwood, where her education ended
before graduation.[5] She began acting in
Australia
.svg/250px-Flag_of_Australia_(converted).svg.png)
Australia before moving to
New York in 1918.[6] Anderson established herself as a dramatic
actress of note, making several appearances in Shakespearean plays.
She maintained her birth name as her legal name, never legally taking
the forename "Judith" as per the California Death Index
registry.[citation needed]
Stage[edit]
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She made her professional debut (as Francee Anderson) in 1915, playing
Stephanie at the Theatre Royal, Sydney, in A Royal Divorce. Leading
the company was the Scottish actor Julius Knight whom she later
credited with laying the foundations of her acting skills. In the
company were some American actors who convinced Anderson to try her
luck in the United States. She travelled to California but was
unsuccessful, then moved to New York, with an equal lack of success.
After a period of poverty and illness, she found work with the Emma
Bunting Stock Company at the
Fourteenth Street Theatre
Fourteenth Street Theatre in 1918–19.
She toured with other stock companies until 1922 when she made her
Broadway debut in On the Stairs using her true name, Frances Anderson.
One year later, she had changed her acting forename (albeit not for
legal purposes) to Judith and had her first triumph with the play
Cobra co-starring Louis Calhern. She toured
Australia
Australia in 1927 with
three plays: Tea for Three, The Green Hat and Cobra.[7][8]
By the early 1930s, she had established herself as one of the most
prominent theatre actresses of her era and she was a major star on
Broadway throughout the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s. In 1931, she played
the Unknown Woman in the American premiere of Pirandello's As You
Desire Me, filmed the following year with
Greta Garbo
Greta Garbo in the same
role. This was followed by Eugene O'Neill's Mourning Becomes Electra,
Luigi Chiarelli's The Mask and the Face, with
Humphrey Bogart
Humphrey Bogart and Zoë
Akins' The Old Maid from the novel by Edith Wharton, in the role later
played on film by Miriam Hopkins. In 1936, Anderson played Gertrude to
John Gielgud's
Hamlet
Hamlet in a production which featured
Lillian Gish
Lillian Gish as
Ophelia.[9]
In 1937, she joined the Old Vic Company in London and played Lady
Macbeth
Macbeth opposite
Laurence Olivier
Laurence Olivier in a production by Michel
Saint-Denis, at the Old Vic and the New Theatre. In 1941, she played
Lady Macbeth
Lady Macbeth again in New York opposite Maurice Evans in a production
staged by Margaret Webster, a role she was to reprise with Evans on
television, firstly in 1954 and then again in 1960 (the second version
was released as a feature film in Europe).
In 1942–43, she played Olga in Chekhov's Three Sisters, in a
production which also featured Katharine Cornell, Ruth Gordon, Edmund
Gwenn,
Dennis King
Dennis King and Alexander Knox. (Kirk Douglas, playing an
orderly, made his Broadway debut in the production.)[10] The
production was so illustrious, it made it to the cover of Time.[11]
In 1947, she triumphed as
Medea
Medea in a version of Euripides' tragedy,
written by the poet
Robinson Jeffers
Robinson Jeffers and produced by John Gielgud, who
played Jason. She was a friend of Jeffers and a frequent visitor to
his home "Tor House" in Carmel, California.[12] She won the Tony Award
for Best Actress for her performance. She toured in this role to
Germany
Germany in 1951 and to
France
France and
Australia
Australia in 1955–56.
In 1953, she was directed by
Charles Laughton
Charles Laughton in his own adaptation of
Stephen Vincent Benét's
John Brown's Body
John Brown's Body with a cast also featuring
Raymond Massey
.JPG)
Raymond Massey and Tyrone Power. In 1960, she played Madame Arkadina
in Chekhov's
The Seagull
The Seagull first at the Edinburgh Festival, and then at
the Old Vic, with Tom Courtenay,
Cyril Luckham
Cyril Luckham and Tony
Britton.[citation needed]
In 1970, she realised a long-held ambition to play the title role of
Hamlet
Hamlet on a national tour of the United States and at New York's
Carnegie Hall. In 1982, she returned to Medea, this time playing the
Nurse opposite
Zoe Caldwell in the title role. Caldwell had appeared
in a small role in the Australian tour of
Medea
Medea in 1955–56. She was
nominated for the
Tony Award
Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured
Actress in a Play.
Hollywood[edit]
from the trailer for the film Laura (1944)
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In Hollywood, her opportunities were limited to supporting character
actress work. She naturally preferred the stage in any event. In
particular, she was nominated for an
Academy Award
Academy Award for Best Supporting
Actress for her role in Alfred Hitchcock's Rebecca (1940). As the
housekeeper Mrs. Danvers,
Judith Anderson
Judith Anderson was required to mentally
torment the young bride, the "second Mrs. de Winter" (Joan Fontaine),
even encouraging her to commit suicide; and taunt her husband
(Laurence Olivier) with the memory of his first wife, the never-seen
"Rebecca" of the title. This role led to several film appearances
during the 1940s in such films as
Lady Scarface (1941), Kings Row
(1942), All Through the Night (1942), Otto Preminger's Laura (1944)
with Gene Tierney, Ben Hecht's
Specter of the Rose (1946), Jean
Renoir's The Diary of a Chambermaid (1946) and a particularly
memorable turn as Emily Brent in René Clair's And Then There Were
None (1945); she was one of the last surviving cast members of the
adaption. In 1970, she appeared in A Man Called Horse.
She continued to act on the New York stage, winning a
Tony Award
Tony Award in
1948 for her performance in the title role of Medea. Her stage and
film work continued and by the 1950s she was also appearing in
television productions. On the big screen, she played a golddigger in
Anthony Mann's western The Furies (1950), Herodias in Salome (1953)
and Memnet in Cecil B. DeMille's epic The Ten Commandments (1956). In
1958, Anderson played the memorable role of "Big Mama" alongside "Big
Daddy" Burl Ives, in the screen adaptation of Tennessee Williams'
play, Cat on a Hot Tin Roof.
She also recorded many spoken word record albums for Caedmon Audio
from the 1950s to the 1970s, including scenes from
Macbeth
Macbeth with
Maurice Anderson (Victor, in 1941) an adaption of Medea, Robert Louis
Stevenson verses, and readings from the Bible. She received a Grammy
nomination for her work on the
Wuthering Heights
_-_Wuthering_Heights,_1847.jpg/400px-Houghton_Lowell_1238.5_(A)_-_Wuthering_Heights,_1847.jpg)
Wuthering Heights recording.
Television[edit]
Anderson began an active career in television in the early 1950s,
usually starring in prestigious "event" dramas such as recreating her
role as
Medea
Medea in 1959 and two separate productions of
Macbeth
Macbeth in 1954
and 1960, winning the
Emmy Award
Emmy Award for both filmed performances as Lady
Macbeth. Anderson was a frequent star of Hallmark Hall of Fame
productions, and was featured in the TV special Light's Diamond
Jubilee (1954), broadcast on all four TV networks of the time, and
produced by David O. Selznick. Also in 1959, she guest starred on
Wagon Train, in The Felizia Kingdom Story.
Later career[edit]
In her later years, she played two more prominent roles in productions
that took her as far away from her Shakespearean origins as possible.
In 1984, she appeared in
Star Trek
.jpg/440px-Star_Trek-_Discovery_(36571420635).jpg)
Star Trek III: The Search for Spock as the
Vulcan High Priestess T'Lar. That same year, she commenced a
three-year stint as matriarch Minx Lockridge on the NBC serial Santa
Barbara. She had professed to be a fan of the daytime genre, but after
signing the contract, she complained about her lack of screen time.
The highlight of her stint was when Minx tearfully revealed the
horrific truth that she had switched the late Channing Capwell with
Brick Wallace as a baby, preventing her illegitimate grandson from
being raised as a Capwell. This resulted in her receiving a Supporting
Actress Emmy Nomination although her screen time afterwards diminished
to infrequent appearances. After leaving the series, she was succeeded
in the role by the quarter-century younger American actress Janis
Paige.[citation needed]
Personal life[edit]
Anderson was married twice and declared that "neither experience was a
jolly holiday":[13]
Benjamin Harrison Lehmann (1889–1977), an English professor at the
University of California at Berkeley;[14] they wed in 1937 and
divorced in August 1939. By this marriage she had a stepson, Benjamin
Harrison Lehmann, Jr. (born 1918).[15][16]
Luther Greene (1909–1987), a theatrical producer; they were married
in July 1946 and divorced in 1951.[17]
Death[edit]
Anderson loved Santa Barbara, California, and spent much of her life
there. She died there, of pneumonia, in 1992, aged 94.[2][18]
Honours[edit]
Anderson was created a
Dame
Dame Commander of the Order of the British
Empire (DBE) in 1960 and thereafter was often billed as "
Dame
Dame Judith
Anderson".[19]
On 10 June 1991, in the Queen's Birthday Honours, she was appointed a
Companion of the Order of
Australia
Australia (AC), "in recognition of service
to the performing arts".[20]
Partial filmography[edit]
Blood Money (1933) - Ruby Darling
Rebecca (1940) - Mrs. Danvers
Forty Little Mothers
Forty Little Mothers (1940) - Madame Madeleine Granville
Free and Easy (1941) - Lady Joan Culver
Lady Scarface (1941) - Slade
All Through the Night (1942) - Madame
Kings Row
Kings Row (1942) - Mrs. Harriet Gordon
Edge of Darkness (1943) - Gerd Bjarnesen
Stage Door Canteen (1943) - Judith Anderson
Laura (1944) - Ann Treadwell
And Then There Were None (1945) - Emily Brent
The Diary of a Chambermaid (1946) - Madame Lanlaire
The Strange Love of Martha Ivers
The Strange Love of Martha Ivers (1946) - Mrs. Ivers
Specter of the Rose (1946) - Madame La Sylph
Pursued (1947) - Mrs. Callum
The Red House (1947) - Ellen Morgan
Tycoon (1947) - Miss Braithwaite
The Furies (1950) - Flo Burnett
Salome (1953) - Queen Herodias
The Ten Commandments (1956) - Memnet
Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (1958) - Big Momma Pollitt
Cinderfella
Cinderfella (1960) - Wicked Stepmother
Don't Bother to Knock (1961) - Maggie Shoemaker
A Man Called Horse (1970) - Buffalo Cow Head
Inn of the Damned
Inn of the Damned (1975) - Caroline Straulle
Star Trek
Star Trek III: The Search for Spock (1984) - Vulcan High Priestess
Impure Thoughts (1985) - The Sister of Purgatory
Radio appearances[edit]
Year
Program
Episode/source
1953
Theatre Guild on the Air
Black Chiffon[21]
See also[edit]
Biography portal
Tale Spinners for Children
Sources[edit]
Dame
Dame
Judith Anderson
Judith Anderson papers, at the University of California, Santa
Barbara Library; accessed 19 August 2014.
Dame
Dame
Judith Anderson
Judith Anderson prompts, at the National Library of Australia
website; accessed 19 August 2014.
References[edit]
^ According to the United States Social Security Death Index (SSDI),
the California Deaths Index Registry and Genealogy SA, Anderson was
born in 1897 but sources traditionally cited 1898 as her year of
birth.
^ a b "
Judith Anderson
Judith Anderson profile at Film Reference.com". filmreference.
Retrieved 11 May 2008.
^ Genealogy SA index, showing year of birth was 1897 not 1898
^ "
Judith Anderson
Judith Anderson Biography". Yahoo! Movies. 2008. Retrieved 11 May
2008.
^ "Current Biography Yearbook, Volume 2". H.W. Wilson Co., 1941.
Retrieved 31 October 2016.
Judith Anderson
Judith Anderson was born in Adelaide, South
Australia, the ... to give the girl eight years of good schooling at
two private institutions in South Australia, Rose Park and
Norwood.
^ Anne Heywood (7 May 2003). "Anderson, Frances Margaret (Judith)".
Australian Women's Archives Project. National Foundation for
Australian Women. Retrieved 11 May 2008.
^ "Anderson, Frances Margaret (known as Judith) 1897-1992". SA Memory.
State Library of South Australia. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
^ Dixon, Robert; Kelly, Veronica, eds. (1 Jan 2008). Impact of the
Modern: Vernacular Modernities in
Australia
Australia 1870s-1960s. Sydney
University Press. ISBN 9781920898892.
^ Gish, Lillian (1973). Dorothy and Lillian Gish. New York City:
Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 206. ISBN 9780333153925.
^ Mosel, Leading Lady: The World and Theatre of Katharine Cornell
^ "TIME Magazine Cover: Katharine Cornell,
Judith Anderson
Judith Anderson & Ruth
Gordon". Time.com. 21 December 1942. Retrieved 27 July 2010.
^ Hicks, Jack (2000). The Literature of California: Native American
beginnings to 1945. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California
Press. p. 641. ISBN 0-520-21524-9.
^ Billy J. Harbin, Kim Marra, and Robert A. Schanke, The Gay &
Lesbian Theatrical Legacy (University of Michigan Press, 2005), p. 29
^ Benjamin Harrison Lehman, English; Dramatic Art: Berkeley
(1889-1977), Professor of English, Emeritus profile, accessed August
19, 2014.
^ Decennial Report: Harvard University, Class of 1911 (Four Seas
Company, 1921), p. 245
^ Langston Hughes, Joseph McLaren, and Arnold Rampersad, The Collected
Works of Langston Hughes, page 392
^ "Luther Greene Is Dead; Landscaper, Producer". New York Times. 4
June 1987.
^ Eric Pace. "
Dame
Dame
Judith Anderson
Judith Anderson Dies at 93; An Actress of Powerful
Portrayals", The New York Times, 4 January 1992, pg. 27
^ "It's an Honour: DBE". Itsanhonour.gov.au. 1 January 1960. Retrieved
2 August 2010.
^ "Australian Honours: Anderson, Judith". It's an Honour. Australian
Government. 2008. Archived from the original on 20 March 2012.
Retrieved 11 May 2008.
^ Kirby, Walter (May 10, 1953). "Better Radio Programs for the Week".
The Decatur Daily Review. p. 50. Retrieved 27 June 2015 – via
Newspapers.com.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Judith Anderson.
Judith Anderson
Judith Anderson on IMDb
Judith Anderson
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Internet Broadway Database
Internet Broadway Database
Judith Anderson
Judith Anderson at the TCM Movie Database
Judith Anderson
Judith Anderson at AllMovie
Judith Anderson
Judith Anderson at
Memory Alpha (a
Star Trek
Star Trek wiki)
Judith Anderson
Judith Anderson at Find a Grave
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Neil Patrick Harris (2014)
Chita Rivera
Chita Rivera (2015)
Lin-Manuel Miranda
Lin-Manuel Miranda (2016)
Ben Platt (2017)
v
t
e
New York Drama Critics Award for Best Actress
Tallulah Bankhead
Tallulah Bankhead (1943)
Margaret Sullavan
Margaret Sullavan (1944)
Laurette Taylor
Laurette Taylor (1945)
Betty Field
Betty Field (1946)
Ingrid Bergman
Ingrid Bergman (1947)
Judith Anderson
Judith Anderson (1948)
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 74036593
LCCN: n82225115
ISNI: 0000 0000 7977 8501
GND: 141653159
SUDOC: 059299606
BNF: cb13890756c (data)
BNE: XX1291044
SN
