Joseph Keppler

Joseph Ferdinand Keppler (February 1, 1838 – February 19, 1894) was an Austrian-born American cartoonist and caricaturist who greatly influenced the growth of satirical cartooning in the United States.

Early life

He was born in Vienna. His parents were bakers, and his talent is said to have first manifested itself in his cake decorations. He studied art at the Academy of Fine Arts ViennaAlbert Bernhardt Faust, ''The German Element in the United States'', 1909, v. 2, ch. 7, p. 363. and later contributed comic drawings to the Vienna humor magazine '' Kikeriki'' (Cock-a-doodle-do).
Unable to make a living from his art in Vienna he joined a theatrical troupe as a scene painter and then as a comedian, traveling with them in the Tyrol and Italy. His ability to restore old paintings gained for him some extra money in some of the monasteries on the way. He was a charming companion, an excellent story-teller, and immediately popular wherever he went. In 1864, he married the Viennese actress Minna Rubens. Meanwhile, his father, who had come to the States to escape the European Revolutions of 1848, had established himself as the proprietor of a general store in a little town in northern Missouri. Hearing glowing accounts from America, young Keppler and his wife decided to emigrate.

St. Louis

After visiting his father, Keppler made his way to St. Louis in 1867 and renewed his career as an actor. In 1869, he helped launch the German-American cartoon weekly, ''Die Vehme'', which lasted for a year. It was followed by ''Frank und Frei,'' which lasted six months. In March 1871, he attempted another cartoon weekly, '' Puck,'' which lasted until August 1872.

After the death of his wife in 1870, Keppler married Pauline Pfau in 1871, the union producing three children, Udo, Irma and Olga.

New York City

In the fall of 1872, he moved with his wife and son to New York city and was soon working for Frank Leslie's publishing house. Starting in 1874, he began contributing political cartoons to ''Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper''. In September 1876 he and fellow Frank Leslie employee Adolph Schwarzmann resurrected ''Puck'' for the New York German-American audience and then introduced an English-language version the following year. Keppler's main delight was in producing cartoons criticizing President Ulysses S. Grant, and the political corruption of his administration. His cartoons were famous for their caustic wit, generating much publicity for ''Puck'' and pioneering the use of color lithography for caricature. Much of his success was due to a clever adaptation of classical and historical subjects to his criticisms of modern life.

Keppler's opinions and wit endeared him to large sections of the American public. His illustrations cast light on complex politics, making issues clear to the average voter. ''Puck'' did not shy away from criticism of the administration and by influencing the perceptions of the voting public, certainly altered the course of American political history.

In one of his cartoons entitled "Looking Backward" (''Puck'', January 11, 1893), he depicted a group of nouveau riche hypocritally protesting the arrival of an eastern European immigrant—notwithstanding the fact that the "protesters" themselves had been immigrants or sons of immigrants.

Initially Keppler drew all the ''Puck'' cartoons. When his workload became too much, he made use of several talented artists including Frederick Burr Opper, James A. Wales, Bernhard Gillam, Eugene Zimmerman, C. J. Taylor, and others.

Chicago

In 1893, he took charge of a special ''World's Fair'' ''Puck'' published weekly for six months on the grounds of the World's Columbian Exposition. The stress and exhaustion of that experience damaged his health, and he died the next year in New York.

Udo Keppler

Keppler's son, Udo J. Keppler (1872–1956), was also a political cartoonist and co-owner for '' Puck'' magazine, a collector of Indian artifacts and an Indian activist. He had his name changed to ''Joseph Keppler Jr.'' in honor of his father. He was an honorary chief of the Seneca nation.

References

Further reading

* Richard Samuel West, ''Satire on Stone: the political cartoons of Joseph Keppler'', University of Illinois Press, 1988.

External links

Joseph Keppler wall art
at AllPosters.com

at Delaware Art Museum
: Not found 2019-11-16 by automated Search: Puck as a Collection; Joseph Keppler as an Artist (but see Udo Keppler, Artist)
Cartoon Archive (''Puck'')
at Virginia.edu
Joseph Keppler Gallery: 1877 Puck Magazine
(''Pucks first year) at GreatCaricatures.com

at the New York Historical Society
*

{{DEFAULTSORT:Keppler, Joseph Ferdinand
1838 births
1894 deaths
Austrian cartoonists
Austrian caricaturists
American caricaturists
Austrian satirists
American satirists
Austro-Hungarian emigrants to the United States
Academy of Fine Arts Vienna alumni
American editorial cartoonists
Austrian editorial cartoonists