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Joseph Anton Koch (27 July 1768 – 12 January 1839) was an Austrian painter of
After 1800, Koch developed as a landscape painter. In Rome, he espoused a new type of "heroic" landscape, revising the classical compositions of 
Koch returned to Rome, and became a conspicuous figure in the German artists' colony there. He painted, among other works, the four
File:Joseph Anton Koch 006.jpg, ''Landscape with Noah'', c. 1803
File:Der Schmadribachfall, 1821-22.jpg, ''Der Schmadribachfall'', 1821
File:Joseph Anton Koch - Serpentaralandschaft mit Hirten und Rindern an der Quelle.jpg, ''Landscape with Shepherds and Cows and at the Spring''
File:Joseph Anton Koch - Heroic Landscape with Rainbow - WGA12230.jpg, ''Heroic Landscape with a Rainbow'' (1805).
File:Koch, Joseph Anton — Landschaft bei Olevano mit reitendem Mönch — um 1830.JPG, ''Landschaft bei Olevano mit reitendem Mönch'', (1830)
File:Josef Anton Koch (circle) Raub von Proserpina.jpg, ''Raub von Proserpina''
Works by Joseph Koch at the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa''German masters of the nineteenth century: paintings and drawings from the Federal Republic of Germany''
a full text exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art, which contains material on Joseph Anton Koch (no. 38–40) {{DEFAULTSORT:Koch, Joseph Anton 1768 births 1839 deaths 18th-century Austrian people 19th-century Austrian people 18th-century Austrian painters 18th-century Austrian male artists Austrian male painters 19th-century Austrian painters 19th-century Austrian male artists Austrian landscape painters People from Reutte District Burials at the Teutonic Cemetery People educated at the Karlsschule Stuttgart Nazarene painters
Neoclassicism
Neoclassicism (also spelled Neo-classicism) was a Western cultural movement in the decorative and visual arts, literature, theatre, music, and architecture that drew inspiration from the art and culture of classical antiquity. Neoclassicism ...
and later the German Romantic movement; he is perhaps the most significant neoclassical landscape painter.
Biography
TheTyrolese
Tyrol (; historically the Tyrole; de-AT, Tirol ; it, Tirolo) is a historical region in the Alps - in Northern Italy and western Austria. The area was historically the core of the County of Tyrol, part of the Holy Roman Empire, Austrian Em ...
painter was born in Elbigenalp. Early in his life he was tending cattle. Through the recommendation of Bishop Umgelder (1785), he received academic training in the Karlsschule Stuttgart, a strict military academy. In 1791, he ran away, and traveled through France and Switzerland. He arrived in Rome
, established_title = Founded
, established_date = 753 BC
, founder = King Romulus ( legendary)
, image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg
, map_caption ...
in 1795. Koch was close to the painter Asmus Jacob Carstens and carried on Carstens' "heroic" art, at first in a literal manner. He etched the pages of Carstens' ''Les Argonautes, selon Pindar, Orphée et Apollonius de Rhode'' (Rome, 1799).
After 1800, Koch developed as a landscape painter. In Rome, he espoused a new type of "heroic" landscape, revising the classical compositions of Poussin
Nicolas Poussin (, , ; June 1594 – 19 November 1665) was the leading painter of the classical French Baroque style, although he spent most of his working life in Rome. Most of his works were on religious and mythological subjects painted for ...
and Lorrain Lorrain may refer to:
* Claude Lorrain (1600–82), a 17th-century French artist of the baroque style
* Lorrain language, a Romance dialect spoken in Lorraine region in France and Gaume region in Belgium
See also
* Lorain (disambiguation)
Lorai ...
with a more rugged, mountainous scenery. In 1812, forced through inadequate income from his work, or in protest of the French invasion, he went to Vienna, where he worked prolifically. He stayed in Vienna until 1815. During this period, he incorporated more non-classical themes in his work. In Vienna, he was influenced by Friedrich Schlegel
Karl Wilhelm Friedrich (after 1814: von) Schlegel (; ; 10 March 1772 – 12 January 1829) was a German poet, literary critic, philosopher, philologist, and Indologist. With his older brother, August Wilhelm Schlegel, he was one of the main figure ...
and enthusiasts of old German art. In response, his style became harsher.
Koch returned to Rome, and became a conspicuous figure in the German artists' colony there. He painted, among other works, the four fresco
Fresco (plural ''frescos'' or ''frescoes'') is a technique of mural painting executed upon freshly laid ("wet") lime plaster. Water is used as the vehicle for the dry-powder pigment to merge with the plaster, and with the setting of the plast ...
es in the Dante Room of the Villa Massimi (1824–1829). His presence and personality had considerable influence among the younger generation in the art life of Rome, and his new approach had a wide influence on German landscape painters who visited Rome.
He wrote ''Moderne Kunstchronik oder die rumfordische Suppe gekocht und geschrieben von J. A. Koch'' (Stuttgart, 1834) which was directed humorously against unjustifiable criticism and false connoisseurship.
Koch's last years were spent in great poverty. He died in Rome, where he was buried in the Teutonic Cemetery, located next to St. Peter's Basilica within Vatican City
Vatican City (), officially the Vatican City State ( it, Stato della Città del Vaticano; la, Status Civitatis Vaticanae),—'
* german: Vatikanstadt, cf. '—' (in Austria: ')
* pl, Miasto Watykańskie, cf. '—'
* pt, Cidade do Vati ...
.
Works
* ''Landscape with Noah'', ca. 1803 – oil on canvas 6 × 116 cm(Städel Museum, Frankfurt) * ''Schmadribach Falls in the Lauterbach Valley'', 1811 * ''Noah's Sacrifice'', 1813 * ''Grimsel Pass'', 1813 * ''View in the Sabine Mountains'', 1813 * ''Monastery of San Francesco di Civitella'', 1814 *''Landscape with Ruth and Boaz'', ca. 1823/25 – oil on canvas *''Grindelwald Glacier in the Alps'', 1823,National Museum in Wrocław
National may refer to:
Common uses
* Nation or country
** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen
Places in the United States
* National, Maryland, c ...
* ''View of Nauplia'', 1830
* ''View Near Subiaco''
* ''Macbeth and the Witches''
He etched 20 Italian landscapes and a large sheet representing ''The Oath of the French at Millesimo''; 14 pages after Dante
Dante Alighieri (; – 14 September 1321), probably baptized Durante di Alighiero degli Alighieri and often referred to as Dante (, ), was an Italian poet, writer and philosopher. His ''Divine Comedy'', originally called (modern Italian: ' ...
, adding later another 30 pages (published Vicenza, 1904), and 36 pages after Ossian
Ossian (; Irish Gaelic/Scottish Gaelic: ''Oisean'') is the narrator and purported author of a cycle of epic poems published by the Scottish poet James Macpherson, originally as ''Fingal'' (1761) and ''Temora'' (1763), and later combined unde ...
. He contributed American landscape scenes to the works of Alexander von Humboldt
Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander von Humboldt (14 September 17696 May 1859) was a German polymath, geographer, naturalist, explorer, and proponent of Romantic philosophy and science. He was the younger brother of the Prussian minister ...
(1805).
References
*Vaughan, William (1980). ''German Romantic Painting''. New Haven and London: Yale University Press; pp. 37–38. Attribution * *Further reading
* Strauss, ''Kleine Schriften'' (Bonn, 1877) * Frimmel, in Dohme, ''Kunst und Künstler des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts'' (Leipzig, 1884)External links
Works by Joseph Koch at the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
a full text exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art, which contains material on Joseph Anton Koch (no. 38–40) {{DEFAULTSORT:Koch, Joseph Anton 1768 births 1839 deaths 18th-century Austrian people 19th-century Austrian people 18th-century Austrian painters 18th-century Austrian male artists Austrian male painters 19th-century Austrian painters 19th-century Austrian male artists Austrian landscape painters People from Reutte District Burials at the Teutonic Cemetery People educated at the Karlsschule Stuttgart Nazarene painters