John Scott Award, created in 1816 as the John Scott Legacy Medal and Premium, is presented to men and women whose

invention An invention is a unique or novel device, method, composition, idea or process. An invention may be an improvement upon a machine, product, or process for increasing efficiency or lowering cost. It may also be an entirely new concept. If an ...

s improved the "comfort, welfare, and happiness of human kind" in a significant way. "...the John Scott Medal Fund, established in 1816...". Since 1919 the Board of Directors of City Trusts of Philadelphia provide this award, recommended by an advisory committee. Eugene Garfield is member of the Advisory Committee. In 1822 the first awards were given to thirteen people by the Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture entrusted by the " Corporation of the city of Philadelphia". The druggist John Scott of

Edinburgh Edinburgh ( ; gd, Dùn Èideann ) is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 Council areas of Scotland, council areas. Historically part of the county of Midlothian (interchangeably Edinburghshire before 1921), it is located in Lothian ...

organized a $4,000 fund which, after his death in 1815 was administered by a merchant until the first award, a copper medal and "an amount not to exceed twenty dollars", was given in 1822. (At the time, $20 could buy one ox or a 12-volume encyclopedia.) Several hundred recipients have since been selected by the City Council of Philadelphia, which decides from the annual list of nominees made by the

Franklin Institute The Franklin Institute is a science museum and the center of science education and research in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is named after the American scientist and statesman Benjamin Franklin. It houses the Benjamin Franklin National Memori ...

Notable recipients

Most awards have been given for inventions in science and medicine. Notable recipients include: * Luis W. Alvarez * Frederick G. Banting *

John Bardeen John Bardeen (; May 23, 1908 – January 30, 1991) was an American physicist and engineer. He is the only person to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics twice: first in 1956 with William Shockley and Walter Brattain for the invention of the tra ...

* James Black *

William T. Bovie William T. Bovie (September 11, 1882 – January 1, 1958) was an American scientist and inventor. He is credited with conceptualizing the field of biophysics and with inventing a modern medical device known as the Bovie electrosurgical generator. ...

Ralph L. Brinster Ralph Lawrence Brinster (born March 10, 1932) is an American geneticist, National Medal of Science laureate, and Richard King Mellon Professor of Reproductive Physiology at the School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania. Early l ...

Marie Curie Marie Salomea Skłodowska–Curie ( , , ; born Maria Salomea Skłodowska, ; 7 November 1867 – 4 July 1934) was a Polish and naturalized-French physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity. She was the fir ...

* William Duane *

Thomas Edison Thomas Alva Edison (February 11, 1847October 18, 1931) was an American inventor and businessman. He developed many devices in fields such as electric power generation, mass communication, sound recording, and motion pictures. These inventi ...

Alexander Fleming Sir Alexander Fleming (6 August 1881 – 11 March 1955) was a Scottish physician and microbiologist, best known for discovering the world's first broadly effective antibiotic substance, which he named penicillin. His discovery in 1928 of what ...

* Peter Koch *

Irving Langmuir Irving Langmuir (; January 31, 1881 – August 16, 1957) was an American chemist, physicist, and engineer. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1932 for his work in surface chemistry. Langmuir's most famous publication is the 1919 ar ...

* Edwin Land * Christian J. Lambertsen * Luther D. Lovekin * Benoît Mandelbrot *

Guglielmo Marconi Guglielmo Giovanni Maria Marconi, 1st Marquis of Marconi (; 25 April 187420 July 1937) was an Italian inventor and electrical engineer, known for his creation of a practical radio wave-based wireless telegraph system. This led to Marconi ...

* Edgar Sharp McFadden * Humberto Fernandez Moran * Kary B. Mullis * Jonas Salk * Glenn Seaborg * Richard E. Smalley *

Nikola Tesla Nikola Tesla ( ; ,"Tesla"
''Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary''. ; 1856 – 7 January 1943 ...

* Wright brothers * Robert Burns Woodward * David Gestetner

Recent winners

References

External links

The award webpage
*{{cite web, url=http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/johnscottaward/johnscottaward%28full%29.html , title=The John Scott Award Recipients , publisher= Eugene Garfield at

University of Pennsylvania The University of Pennsylvania (also known as Penn or UPenn) is a Private university, private research university in Philadelphia. It is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and is ranked among the highest- ...

, access-date=28 September 2018 Medals awarded by The Franklin Institute between 1822 and 2017. Awards established in 1816 Invention awards History of Philadelphia Franklin Institute awards American awards 1816 establishments in Pennsylvania

Notable recipients

Recent winners

See also

References

External links