John Neville Keynes ( ; 31 August 1852 – 15 November 1949) was a British

economist An economist is a professional and practitioner in the social science discipline of economics. The individual may also study, develop, and apply theories and concepts from economics and write about economic policy. Within this field there are ...

and father of

John Maynard Keynes John Maynard Keynes, 1st Baron Keynes, ( ; 5 June 1883 – 21 April 1946), was an English economist whose ideas fundamentally changed the theory and practice of macroeconomics and the economic policies of governments. Originally trained in ...

Biography

Born in

Salisbury Salisbury ( ) is a cathedral city in Wiltshire, England with a population of 41,820, at the confluence of the rivers Avon, Nadder and Bourne. The city is approximately from Southampton and from Bath. Salisbury is in the southeast of ...

Wiltshire Wiltshire (; abbreviated Wilts) is a historic and ceremonial county in South West England with an area of . It is landlocked and borders the counties of Dorset to the southwest, Somerset to the west, Hampshire to the southeast, Gloucestershire ...

, Keynes was the child of John Keynes (1805–1878) and his wife Anna Maynard Neville (1821–1907). He was educated at Amersham Hall School,

University College London , mottoeng = Let all come who by merit deserve the most reward , established = , type = Public research university , endowment = £143 million (2020) , budget = ...

and Pembroke College,

Cambridge Cambridge ( ) is a College town, university city and the county town in Cambridgeshire, England. It is located on the River Cam approximately north of London. As of the 2021 United Kingdom census, the population of Cambridge was 145,700. Cam ...

, where he became a fellow in 1876. He held a lectureship in Moral Sciences from 1883 to 1911. He was elected as

Registrary The Registrary is the senior administrative officer of the University of Cambridge. The term is unique to Cambridge, and uses an archaic spelling. Most universities in the United Kingdom and in North America have administrative offices entitled "reg ...

in 1910, and held that office until 1925. He divided

economics Economics () is the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. Economics focuses on the behaviour and interactions of economic agents and how economies work. Microeconomics analyzes ...

into "positive economy" (the study of what is, and the way the economy works), "normative economy" (the study of what should be), and the "art of economics" (

applied economics Applied economics is the study as regards the application of economic theory and econometrics in specific settings. As one of the two sets of fields of economics (the other set being the ''core''), it is typically characterized by the application ...

). The art of economics relates the lessons learned in positive economics to the normative goals determined in normative economics. He tried to synthesise

deductive Deductive reasoning is the mental process of drawing deductive inferences. An inference is deductively valid if its conclusion follows logically from its premises, i.e. if it is impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion to be fals ...

and inductive reasoning as a solution to the "

Methodenstreit ''Methodenstreit'' (German for "method dispute"), in intellectual history beyond German-language discourse, was an economics controversy commenced in the 1880s and persisting for more than a decade, between that field's Austrian School and the (Ge ...

". His main works were:
''Studies and Exercises in Formal Logic''
(1884) *
The Scope and Method of Political Economy
' (1891) In 1882 he married Florence Ada Brown, who was later a Mayor of Cambridge. They had two sons and a daughter: *

(1883–1946), the economist * Margaret Neville Keynes (1885–1970), who married

Archibald Hill Archibald Vivian Hill (26 September 1886 – 3 June 1977), known as A. V. Hill, was a British physiologist, one of the founders of the diverse disciplines of biophysics and operations research. He shared the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physiology or ...

(winner of the 1922 Nobel Prize for Physiology) in 1913 * Geoffrey Langdon Keynes (1887–1982), a surgeon He represented Cambridge University six times in the annual chess match against Oxford University and is the joint holder of the record for most appearances on either side. He outlived his elder son by three years; he died in

, aged 97.

References

Sources

Phyllis Deane Phyllis Mary Deane FBA (13 October 1918 – 28 July 2012) was a British economic historian and a historian of economic thought. She served as Professor of Economic History at the University of Cambridge from 1981 to 1983. Life and career Deane ...

(1987). "Keynes, John Neville," '' The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics'', v. 3, p. 92.

External links

* 1852 births 1949 deaths English logicians Alumni of Pembroke College, Cambridge Fellows of Pembroke College, Cambridge John Neville People from Salisbury English economists English philosophers 19th-century British economists 20th-century British economists Registraries of the University of Cambridge People educated at Amersham Hall {{England-painter-stub

Biography

See also

References

Sources

External links