Joaquín Turina Pérez (9 December 188214 January 1949) was a Spanish composer of classical music.''

Encyclopædia Britannica The (Latin for "British Encyclopædia") is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia. It is published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.; the company has existed since the 18th century, although it has changed ownership various t ...

'' online (2014)
"Joaquín Turina"
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Biography

Turina was born in

Seville Seville (; es, Sevilla, ) is the capital and largest city of the Spanish autonomous community of Andalusia and the province of Seville. It is situated on the lower reaches of the River Guadalquivir, in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula ...

. He studied in Seville as well as in

Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the Largest cities of the Europ ...

. He lived in

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), ma ...

from 1905 to 1914 where he took composition lessons from

Vincent d'Indy Paul Marie Théodore Vincent d'Indy (; 27 March 18512 December 1931) was a French composer and teacher. His influence as a teacher, in particular, was considerable. He was a co-founder of the Schola Cantorum de Paris and also taught at the P ...

at his

Schola Cantorum de Paris The Schola Cantorum de Paris is a private conservatory in Paris. It was founded in 1894 by Charles Bordes, Alexandre Guilmant and Vincent d'Indy as a counterbalance to the Paris Conservatoire's emphasis on opera. History La Schola was founded ...

and studied the piano under

Moritz Moszkowski Moritz Moszkowski (23 August 18544 March 1925) was a German composer, pianist, and teacher of Polish-Jewish descent.

. Like his countryman and friend,

Manuel de Falla Manuel de Falla y Matheu (, 23 November 187614 November 1946) was an Andalusian Spanish composer and pianist. Along with Isaac Albéniz, Francisco Tárrega, and Enrique Granados, he was one of Spain's most important musicians of the first ...

, while there he got to know the impressionist composers Maurice Ravel and Claude Debussy, whom he was heavily inspired by. Marco, Tomás (1993)
''Spanish Music in the Twentieth Century''
pp. 36–44. Harvard University Press On 10 December 1908 he married Obdulia Garzón and together they had five children. She was the dedicatee of the '' Danzas fantásticas'', which he completed in 1919. Along with de Falla, he returned to Madrid in 1914, working as a composer, teacher and critic. On 28 March 1916, he joined the

Madrid Symphony Orchestra Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and ...

at the Hotel Ritz in that city, to perform the premiere of Falla's revised orchestral version of ''

El amor brujo ''El amor brujo'' (, "The sorcerer love") is a ballet by Manuel de Falla to a libretto by María de la O Lejárraga García, although for years it was attributed to her husband Gregorio Martínez Sierra. It exists in three versions as well as a p ...

''. In the early months of 1929, he visited

Havana Havana (; Spanish: ''La Habana'' ) is the capital and largest city of Cuba. The heart of the La Habana Province, Havana is the country's main port and commercial center.

, Cuba, where he gave a series of seven lectures at the Hispanic-Cuban Institute of Culture. In 1931 he was made professor of composition at the

Madrid Royal Conservatory The Madrid Royal Conservatory ( es, Real Conservatorio Superior de Música de Madrid) is a music college in Madrid, Spain. History The Royal Conservatory of Music was founded on July 15, 1830, by royal decree, and was originally located in Moste ...

. Among his notable pupils were Vicente Asencio and

Celedonio Romero Celedonio Romero (2 March 1913 – 8 May 1996) was a guitarist, composer and poet, perhaps best known as the founder of The Romeros guitar quartet. Biography Celedonio Romero was born in Cienfuegos, Cuba,. Retrieved 2009/10/14 while his paren ...

. He died in Madrid in 1949.Draayer, Suzanne Rhodes (2009)
''Art Song Composers of Spain: An Encyclopedia''
pp. 320–330. Scarecrow Press His works include the

opera Opera is a form of theatre in which music is a fundamental component and dramatic roles are taken by singers. Such a "work" (the literal translation of the Italian word "opera") is typically a collaboration between a composer and a libr ...

s ''

Margot Margot (; ) is a feminine French given name, a variant of Marguerite. It is also occasionally a surname. Persons named Margot include the following: People with the given name Margot * Margot Asquith, countess of Oxford and Asquith * Marguerite ...

'' (1914) and '' Jardín de Oriente'' (1923), the ''Danzas fantásticas'' (1919, versions for piano and orchestra), ''La oración del torero'' (written first for a lute quartet, then string quartet, then string orchestra), chamber music,

piano The piano is a stringed keyboard instrument in which the strings are struck by wooden hammers that are coated with a softer material (modern hammers are covered with dense wool felt; some early pianos used leather). It is played using a keybo ...

works,

guitar The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that typically has six strings. It is usually held flat against the player's body and played by strumming or plucking the strings with the dominant hand, while simultaneously pressing selected strin ...

pieces and

song A song is a musical composition intended to be performed by the human voice. This is often done at distinct and fixed pitches (melodies) using patterns of sound and silence. Songs contain various forms, such as those including the repetit ...

s. Much of his work shows the influence of traditional

Andalusia Andalusia (, ; es, Andalucía ) is the southernmost autonomous community in Peninsular Spain. It is the most populous and the second-largest autonomous community in the country. It is officially recognised as a "historical nationality". The t ...

n music.Amat, C.G., ''The New Grove Dictionary of Music & Musicians'', Oxford University Press, ç1982 He also wrote a short one-movement ''Rapsodia sinfónica'' (1931) for piano and orchestra. His music often conveys a feeling of rapture or exaltation. His guitar works include ''Fandanguillo'' and ''Hommage à Tárrega'', which were written for

Andrés Segovia Andrés Segovia Torres, 1st Marquis of Salobreña (21 February 1893 – 2 June 1987) was a Spanish virtuoso classical guitarist. Many professional classical guitarists were students of Segovia or their students. Segovia's contribution to the m ...

. The dedicatee and/or first performer of a number of his piano works was José Cubiles. During the 1920s and 1930s, he frequently visited

Barcelona Barcelona ( , , ) is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second most populous municipality of Spain. With a population of 1.6 million within ci ...

and

Catalonia Catalonia (; ca, Catalunya ; Aranese Occitan: ''Catalonha'' ; es, Cataluña ) is an autonomous community of Spain, designated as a '' nationality'' by its Statute of Autonomy. Most of the territory (except the Val d'Aran) lies on the nort ...

and interacted with various Catalan artists, critics and intellectuals, such as Manuel Clausells,

Joan Lamote de Grignon Joan Lamote de Grignon i Bocquet (; 7 July 1872 – 11 March 1949) was a Catalan Spanish pianist, composer and orchestra director. Life Joan Lamote de Grignon was born and died in Barcelona, the son of parents of French descent, Lluis Lamote de ...

, Eugenio d'Ors, Oleguer Junyent, Frank Marshall, Rafael Moragas, Jaime Pahissa and Santiago Rusiñol. He also collaborated with various musical institutions, such as the Associació Música da Camera, the Barcelona Municipal Band or the Pau Casals Orchestra. As a result of this relationship, he composed ''Evocaciones'', a set of three pieces for piano that become a tribute to

and that include a

sardana The ''sardana'' (; plural ''sardanes'' in Catalan) is a Catalan musical genre typical of Catalan culture and danced in circle following a set of steps. The dance was originally from the Empordà region, but started gaining popularity throughou ...

. On 23 October 1928, together with Pablo Casals, he premiered the transcription for a cello and piano «Jueves Santo a medianoche» (from the ''Seville'' suite) at the

Palau de la Música Catalana Palau de la Música Catalana (, en, Palace of Catalan Music) is a concert hall in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Designed in the Catalan '' modernista'' style by the architect Lluís Domènech i Montaner, it was built between 1905 and 1908 for ...

Compositions

''See: List of compositions by Joaquín Turina'' He composed a variety of types of music.

References

External links

*
Further biographical information
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Turina, Joaquin 1882 births 1949 deaths 20th-century classical composers 20th-century Spanish musicians 20th-century Spanish male musicians Spanish classical composers Spanish male classical composers Spanish opera composers Spanish people of Italian descent Musicians from Andalusia Composers for piano Composers for the classical guitar Male opera composers Academics of the Madrid Royal Conservatory Madrid Royal Conservatory alumni People from Seville Schola Cantorum de Paris alumni