Jeff Gordon Expressway
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Interstate 85 (I-85) is an Interstate Highway that runs from Montgomery, Alabama, to Richmond, Virginia. In North Carolina, I-85 travels from the South Carolina state line near Grover, North Carolina, to the Virginia state line near Wise, North Carolina, Wise. Despite being signed north–south, I-85 physically travels in a southwest–northeast direction across the state. The Interstate Highway connects the three most populous metropolitan areas of North Carolina: the Charlotte metropolitan area, Piedmont Triad, and Research Triangle, as well as nine of the List of municipalities in North Carolina, 20 largest municipalities in the state. Outside of North Carolina, I-85 connects the state with Richmond, Virginia, to the north and Upstate South Carolina and Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, to the south. I-85 parallels several US Highways including U.S. Route 29 in North Carolina, US Highway 29 (US 29) between South Carolina and Greensboro, North Carolina, Greensboro, U.S. Route 70 in North Carolina, US 70 between Greensboro and Durham, North Carolina, Durham, U.S. Route 15 in North Carolina, US 15 between Durham and Oxford, North Carolina, Oxford, and U.S. Route 1 in North Carolina, US 1 between Henderson, North Carolina, Henderson and Virginia.


Route description

I-85 enters the state from Cherokee County, South Carolina near Grover, North Carolina, Grover in Cleveland County, North Carolina, Cleveland County, an outer suburb of the Charlotte metropolitan area. After only a few miles, the highway enters Gaston County, North Carolina, Gaston County. Near Kings Mountain, North Carolina, Kings Mountain, I-85 turns from a northeast trajectory to an eastward one and goes through Gastonia, North Carolina, Gastonia, where it widens from four to six lanes. It stays at six lanes until it reaches Belmont, North Carolina, Belmont, where the highway widens again to eight lanes. The highway crosses the Catawba River as it enters Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, Mecklenburg County, then interchanges with Interstate 485, I-485 as it passes north of Charlotte Douglas International Airport. After crossing I-485, it turns northeastward again, bypassing Uptown Charlotte to the west and north. While the route does not enter uptown, several exits do provide access to the area. An interchange with Interstate 77 in North Carolina, I-77 north of uptown provides direct freeway access. The route through Charlotte traverses the northern portion of the city and is more suburban than urban in character, with light industry such as truck terminals, warehouses, small manufacturing facilities, and small office parks lining the highway. It also passes by the University City (Charlotte neighborhood), University City area and the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. North of Charlotte, I-85 interchanges with I-485 a second time as it continues northeastward into Cabarrus County, North Carolina, Cabarrus County. In Concord, North Carolina, Concord, it passes through a dense commercial district and provides access to both Concord Mills shopping mall and Charlotte Motor Speedway, afterward passing south and east of Kannapolis, North Carolina, Kannapolis. , the highway between exit 58 (near Concord) and exit 68 near the Rowan County, North Carolina, Rowan County town of China Grove, North Carolina, China Grove is being rebuilt and expanded from four lanes total (two in each direction) with no shoulders. When complete, the route will have eight total lanes through to its junction with Interstate 85 Business (North Carolina), I-85 Business (I-85 Bus) south of Lexington, North Carolina, Lexington. Between exits 96 and 102, the northbound and southbound lanes switch places. The southbound lane crosses over the northbound lane just before the northbound lane passes over a small bridge over Hamby Creek. East of the northbound overpass and southbound underpass with Squire Bowers Road, a pair of rest areas which contain the North Carolina Vietnam Veterans Memorial Park are entered from the right but are still in the median. Only after the underpasses beneath Johnsontown Road does the northbound lane run over the southbound one returning to its proper location. Approximately northeast of the Charlotte area is the Piedmont Triad area, anchored by the cities of Winston-Salem, North Carolina, Winston-Salem, Greensboro, North Carolina, Greensboro, and High Point, North Carolina, High Point. I-85 bypasses High Point and also largely bypasses Greensboro. Up until February 2004, I-85 went through the heart of Greensboro and joined Interstate 40, I-40 near downtown. Today, I-85 is routed along the Greensboro Urban Loop and meets I-40 east of downtown. Its former route is now known as Interstate 85 Business (North Carolina), I-85 Bus. I-85 and I-40 remain joined as they continue eastward to the Research Triangle region, anchored by the cities of Chapel Hill, North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Durham, North Carolina, Durham, and Raleigh, North Carolina, Raleigh. West of Durham near Hillsborough, North Carolina, Hillsborough, the two highways split, with I-40 heading southeast through Chapel Hill, Durham, and Raleigh while I-85 continues eastward through Durham, then northeastward as it exits the city. In between Greensboro and Durham, I-85/I-40 is eight lanes wide even through the more suburban stretches. Soon after the I-40/I-85 split, it narrows back down to four lanes through Orange County, North Carolina, Orange County, where the highway still retains much of its original design, including substandard ramps at exits 164, 165, and 170. Once I-85 hits Durham, it temporarily widens to 10 lanes. It takes on a more suburban character once it leaves Durham and then heads into rural areas, bypassing Oxford, North Carolina, Oxford and Henderson, North Carolina, Henderson before crossing into Mecklenburg County, Virginia.


Dedicated and memorial names

I-85 in North Carolina features a few dedicated or memorialized stretches of freeway. * Blue Star Memorial Highway: The official North Carolina honorary name of I-85 throughout the state that was approved on May 5, 1967. * Senator Marshall Arthur Rauch Highway: The official North Carolina name of I-85 through Gaston County, North Carolina, Gaston County that was approved on October 3, 1997. * William James Pharr Bridge: The official North Carolina name of the bridge over the Catawba River, South Fork River on I-85 in Gaston County that was approved on August 5, 1994. * Cameron Morrison Bridge: The official North Carolina name of the bridge over the Catawba River on I-85 between Gaston and Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, Mecklenburg counties that was approved on March 11, 1983. It is named in honor of Cameron A. Morrison, known as the Good Roads Governor. * Julius Chambers Highway: The official North Carolina name of I-85 between I-77/US 21 and the I-85 Connector (), in Charlotte, North Carolina, Charlotte. It is named in honor of Julius L. Chambers, who was a lawyer, Civil and political rights, civil rights leader, and educator, and was dedicated on May 24, 2018. * Jeff Gordon Expressway: The official North Carolina name of I-85 from the Charlotte city limit to the Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, Mecklenburg/Cabarrus County, North Carolina, Cabarrus county line in Northeast Mecklenburg County (). It is named in honor of NASCAR driver Jeff Gordon and was dedicated on May 25, 2012. * Yadkin River Veterans Memorial Bridge: The official North Carolina name of the bridge over the Yadkin River on I-85 between Rowan County, North Carolina, Rowan and Davidson County, North Carolina, Davidson counties that was approved on May 11, 2011. * Bob Timberlake Freeway: The official North Carolina name of I-85 from exit 92 to exit 96 in Davidson County. * Richard Childress Freeway: The official North Carolina name of I-85 from exit 96 to exit 102 in Davidson County. * Congressman J. Howard Coble Highway: The official North Carolina name of I-85 from Interstate 40 in North Carolina, I-40 to Alamance Church Road in Guilford County, North Carolina, Guilford County that was approved on December 1, 2016. It is named in honor of Representative Howard Coble, who represented North Carolina's 6th congressional district for 30 years. * Sam Hunt Freeway: The official North Carolina name of I-85/I-40 from the Guilford County line to east of North Carolina Highway 54, NC 54 in Graham, North Carolina, Graham that was approved on September 5, 1997. * Dr. John H. Franklin Highway: The official North Carolina name of I-85/US 70, between Cole Mill Road (exit 173) and US 70 (exit 178), in Durham, North Carolina, Durham. It is named in honor of John Hope Franklin, an American historian and recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom.


History

Parts of I-85 were already constructed before federal aid was available in the 1950s, as the state had been constructing sections of the Interstate Highway System since 1949. The Lexington Bypass north of Lexington, North Carolina, Lexington—which at the time was signed U.S. Route 29 (North Carolina), US 29 and U.S. Route 70 in North Carolina, US 70—is now a part of Interstate 85 Business (North Carolina), I-85 Bus.North Carolina Department of Transportation
Facts: Interstate 85
Page 1. NCDOT Web site. Accessed April 21, 2007.
This was part of an expressway completed in 1955 between Lexington and Hillsborough, North Carolina, Hillsborough. One planned road was the Salisbury bypass, long with a $1-million (equivalent to $ in ) twin-span bridge over the Yadkin River. Construction on the bridge started in 1955 (this date is shown on a plaque, and most sources have used the date), but the lanes were not as wide as federal standards required, and the road had a sharp curve north of the bridge. Both of these characteristics saved money. The Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956 provided for 90-percent federal funding of highways that would become part of the Interstate Highway System, and the North Carolina Highway Commission used the funds to build the rest of the highway, which opened as I-85 in 1958. The bridge, finished a year earlier, was grandfathered despite not meeting standards. Another section of I-85 opened to traffic on September 9, 1958, when an stretch in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, Mecklenburg County was opened. The year 1960 saw several sections of the highway open to traffic: * An section of I-85 between Henderson, North Carolina, Henderson and the Virginia border as well as a section between Greensboro and western Durham, North Carolina, Durham opened to traffic. * A portion of US 29/US 70 between Salisbury, North Carolina, Salisbury and Greensboro was incorporated into I-85 when further grade separations and access control were completed. * A segment of I-85 known as the "Charlotte Bypass" in Charlotte. * A segment between Greensboro and Whitsett. By 1965, I-85 from the South Carolina border to Charlotte was complete, while it took until 1970 for the section between Charlotte and Durham to be completed. However, the "Temporary 85" designation would remain on the segment between Lexington and Greensboro until 1984 because there were too many access roads. That year, a new six-lane section opened, resulting in the "Temporary 85" designation to be dropped. Since its completion, many widening projects have been undertaken on I-85, particularly along the stretch of highway between Gastonia, North Carolina, Gastonia and Durham. By 1988, widening I-85 to six lanes from Greensboro to Burlington, North Carolina, Burlington was being considered. The plan was later changed to eight lanes. The $175-million (equivalent to $ in ) project began in 1989. With the opening of a section in Alamance County, North Carolina, Alamance County on November 23, 1994, of I-85/I-40 were eight lanes. An additional were to be ready by 1996, giving the Interstate eight lanes all the way to where I-40 turned southward at Hillsborough. In addition, I-85 was relocated in 2004, south of Greensboro, forming part of the Greensboro Urban Loop, allowing through traffic to bypass that city's downtown area. Between 2004 and 2008, I-85 was widened to eight lanes around Salisbury. The I-85 Corridor Improvement Project, located in Rowan County, North Carolina, Rowan and Davidson County, North Carolina, Davidson counties, was a two-phase project to replace the narrow Yadkin River bridges, bridge over the Yadkin River and widen the freeway from four to eight lanes. In the first phase, all traffic from the old bridge moved to a new $201-million (equivalent to $ in ) bridge in August 2012. On March 9, 2013, all eight lanes of the I-85 bridge opened to the public. The project finished eight months ahead of schedule and $44 million (equivalent to $ in ) under budget. From May 2010 through April 2014, I-85 was widened from four to eight lanes between exit 49 (near Charlotte Motor Speedway and Concord Mills) and exit 55.


Current projects

Following the completion of the widening of I-85 between exits 49 and 55, a new project was started to widen I-85 from exit 55 (North Carolina Highway 73, NC 73) in Concord, Cabarrus County, North Carolina, Cabarrus County northward to exit 68 (North Carolina Highway 152, NC 152) in China Grove, North Carolina, China Grove, Rowan County, North Carolina, Rowan County. Like the prior project, I-85 is being doubled in capacity, expanding from two travel lanes in each direction to four travel lanes in each direction. The project is now complete as of May 2021. The first phase (from exit 55 to exit 63) began in early 2014, and the second phase (from exit 63 to exit 68) began in early 2017. Construction is scheduled to be completed by December 2017. When finished, that will leave I-85 in North Carolina with at least six lanes of highway between exits 10 (US 29 north/US 74—Kings Mountain and Shelby) and 164 (I-40 in Hillsborough).


Exit list


Related routes

There are four auxiliary routes and one business loop in the state. Interstate 285 (North Carolina), I-285 runs concurrently with U.S. Route 52 in North Carolina, US 52 connecting I-85 to I-40 in the Winston-Salem, North Carolina, Winston-Salem metropolitan area. Interstate 485 (North Carolina), I-485 forms a beltway around Charlotte, North Carolina, Charlotte, serving as a bypass for I-85 and I-77. Interstate 785 (North Carolina), I-785 serves as a spur route, forming a portion of the eastern part of the Greensboro Urban Loop. Interstate 885 (North Carolina), I-885 connects I-85 to I-40 in the Durham area. Interstate 85 Business (North Carolina), I-85 Bus. is a partial controlled-access highway, bypassing Lexington, North Carolina, Lexington, Thomasville, North Carolina, Thomasville, and High Point, North Carolina, High Point and also connecting the cities to Greensboro.


See also

* Catawba River * Charlotte Motor Speedway * Concord Mills * Crowders Mountain State Park * Eno River State Park * Falls Lake * Haw River * Kerr Lake * Kings Mountain National Military Park * Lake Wylie * Northgate Mall (Durham), Northgate Mall * U.S. National Whitewater Center * Yadkin River


References


External links

*
I-85 Corridor Improvement Project
{{3di, 85 Interstate Highways in North Carolina, 85 Interstate 85, North Carolina Transportation in Charlotte, North Carolina Transportation in Durham, North Carolina Transportation in Greensboro, North Carolina Transportation in Cleveland County, North Carolina Transportation in Gaston County, North Carolina Transportation in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina Transportation in Cabarrus County, North Carolina Transportation in Rowan County, North Carolina Transportation in Davidson County, North Carolina Transportation in Randolph County, North Carolina Transportation in Guilford County, North Carolina Transportation in Alamance County, North Carolina Transportation in Orange County, North Carolina Transportation in Durham County, North Carolina Transportation in Granville County, North Carolina Transportation in Vance County, North Carolina Transportation in Warren County, North Carolina Jeff Gordon