Al-Jayyusi ( ar, الجیوسي; also spelled ''Jayousi'', ''Jayossi'', ''Jayyousi'', or ''Juyushi'') is a prominent

Palestinian Palestinians ( ar, الفلسطينيون, ; he, פָלַסְטִינִים, ) or Palestinian people ( ar, الشعب الفلسطيني, label=none, ), also referred to as Palestinian Arabs ( ar, الفلسطينيين العرب, label=non ...

business and political clan whose members acted as rulers, local

lord Lord is an appellation for a person or deity who has authority, control, or power over others, acting as a master, chief, or ruler. The appellation can also denote certain persons who hold a title of the peerage in the United Kingdom, or are ...

army generals Army general is the highest ranked general officer in many countries that use the French Revolutionary System.　 In countries that adopt the general officer four rank system, it is rank of general commanding an army in the field, but in coun ...

and

tax collectors A tax collector (also called a taxman) is a person who collects unpaid taxes from other people or corporations. The term could also be applied to those who audit tax returns. Tax collectors are often portrayed as being evil, and in the modern ...

since the 11th century. They were the traditional leaders of the Bani Sa'b subdistrict (''

nahiya A nāḥiyah ( ar, , plural ''nawāḥī'' ), also nahiya or nahia, is a regional or local type of administrative division that usually consists of a number of villages or sometimes smaller towns. In Tajikistan, it is a second-level division w ...

''), which included their throne villages of Kur and

Kafr Sur Kafr Sur ( ar, كفر صور) is a Palestinian town in the Tulkarm Governorate in the eastern West Bank, located 12 kilometers Southeast of Tulkarm. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, Kafr Sur had a population of approxima ...

; Jayyus the village named after the patronymic of the family founder,

Fatimid The Fatimid Caliphate was an Ismaili Shi'a caliphate extant from the tenth to the twelfth centuries AD. Spanning a large area of North Africa, it ranged from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Red Sea in the east. The Fatimids, a dyna ...

Vizier A vizier (; ar, وزير, wazīr; fa, وزیر, vazīr), or wazir, is a high-ranking political advisor or minister in the near east. The Abbasid caliphs gave the title ''wazir'' to a minister formerly called '' katib'' (secretary), who was ...

and Governor of Damascus ( Badr al-Din al-Jamali) who was known by his military title Amīr al-Juyūsh ( ar, أمير الجيوش; General of the Armies) where the name 'Juyush-i' was designated to his property, lands and all decedents in

Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Medit ...

and Palestine. Other

villages that were considered within the Jayyusi clan's stronghold include

Qalqilya Qalqilya or Qalqiliya ( ar, قلقيلية, Qalqīlyaḧ) is a Palestinian city in the West Bank which serves as the administrative center of the Qalqilya Governorate of the State of Palestine. In the 2007 census, the city had a population of 41, ...

Tayibe Tayibe, also spelled Taibeh or Tayiba, ( ar, الطيبة, lit=the kind/benevolent, translit=aṭ-Ṭayyibah, South Levantine pronunciation: ; he, טַיִּבָּה) is an Arab city in central Israel, north east of Kfar Saba.Jinsafut, Kafr Zibad and Kafr Jammal.

History

The Jayyusi clan had served as the local rulers of the Bani Sa'b subdistrict (''

'') beginning at the 11th century during the

Fatimid dynasty The Fatimid dynasty () was an Isma'ili Shi'a dynasty of Arab descent that ruled an extensive empire, the Fatimid Caliphate, between 909 and 1171 CE. Claiming descent from Fatima and Ali, they also held the Isma'ili imamate, claiming to be the r ...

and 15th century Burji Mamluk rule in Palestine. When the area came under Ottoman rule, the clan continued to rule and was commissioned by the Ottoman authorities to protect the part of the

Cairo Cairo ( ; ar, القاهرة, al-Qāhirah, ) is the Capital city, capital of Egypt and its largest city, home to 10 million people. It is also part of the List of urban agglomerations in Africa, largest urban agglomeration in Africa, List of ...

- Damascus highway that ran between

Majdal Yaba Majdal Yaba ( ar, مجدل يابا) was a Palestinian Arab village in the Ramle Subdistrict, located northeast of Ramla and east of Jaffa. A walled city stood at the same site as early as 3000 BCE, and Majdal Yaba is first mentioned by the nam ...

and

Qaqun Qaqun ( ar, قاقون) was a Palestinian Arab village located northwest of the city of Tulkarm at the only entrance to Mount Nablus from the coastal Sharon plain. Evidence of organized settlement in Qaqun dates back to the period of Assyr ...

. As a testament to the continuing influence of the Jayyusi clan, Bani Sa'b was the only Mamluk-era subdistrict of

Jabal Nablus The Nablus Sanjak ( ar, سنجق نابلس; tr, Nablus Sancağı) was an administrative area that existed throughout Ottoman rule in the Levant (1517–1917). It was administratively part of the Damascus Eyalet until 1864 when it became part o ...

to not be renamed. In 1766, the Nablus-based

Tuqan family The Tuqan clan ( ar, طوقان ''ṭūqān'', also spelled ''Toukan'', ''Touqan'', ''Tukan'' and ''Tokan'') is a prominent Palestinian and Jordanian political and business family. During the Ottoman era, they dominated the political and socio-e ...

under Mustafa Beik, managed to gain appointment as the chief of Bani Sa'b, temporarily sidelining the Jayyusi clan. This seizure of power was the first time an urban notable family gained direct control over a rural subdistrict and the move put the Tuqan in conflict with Jayyusi allies, the Sanur-based

Jarrar family Jarrar ( ar, جرار) is a large Palestinian family that served as rural landlords and tax-collectors ('' mutasallims'') in the Jenin area during Ottoman rule in Palestine. During this era, they were the most powerful of the rural families in Pal ...

and the autonomous ruler of Galilee,

Zahir al-Umar Zahir al-Umar al-Zaydani, alternatively spelled Daher al-Omar or Dahir al-Umar ( ar, ظاهر العمر الزيداني, translit=Ẓāhir al-ʿUmar az-Zaydānī, 1689/90 – 21 or 22 August 1775) was the autonomous Arab ruler of northern Pale ...

. The latter expelled the Tuqans from Bani Sa'b in 1771. According to the Palestinian historian Mustafa al-Dabbagh in his book ''Our Land Palestine'', the Jayyusi clan took part in the

Peasants' Revolt The Peasants' Revolt, also named Wat Tyler's Rebellion or the Great Rising, was a major uprising across large parts of England in 1381. The revolt had various causes, including the socio-economic and political tensions generated by the Blac ...

, along with most of Palestine's prominent clans, against Ibrahim Pasha, the ruler of the

Levant The Levant () is an approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area in the Eastern Mediterranean region of Western Asia. In its narrowest sense, which is in use today in archaeology and other cultural contexts, it is ...

when he imposed new taxes and conscription orders on the local population.

Throne village

The Jayyusi clan built and inhabited the throne village of Kur since the 11th century AD during the Fatmid Dynasty by the family founder Badr al-Din al-Jamali and his Acre born son

Al-Afdal Shahanshah Al-Afdal Shahanshah ( ar, الأفضل شاهنشاه, al-Afḍal Shāhanshāh; la, Lavendalius/Elafdalio; 1066 – 11 December 1121), born Abu al-Qasim Shahanshah bin Badr al-Jamali was a vizier of the Fatimid caliphs of Egypt. According to a ...

. In modern history, after the creation of State of Israel in 1948, one third of the inhabitants were forced out of their homes by the Israeli Army following the

Six-Day War The Six-Day War (, ; ar, النكسة, , or ) or June War, also known as the 1967 Arab–Israeli War or Third Arab–Israeli War, was fought between Israel and a coalition of Arab states (primarily Egypt, Syria, and Jordan) from 5 to 10 Ju ...

. Members of the clan who were able to remain, are today the only inhabitants of the throne village of Kur (located in the middle of Nablus, Tulkarem and Qalqilia district triangle, which was the former administrative center of the Bani Sa'b district.) Today, 29 historic buildings remain standing in the village.

Notable personalities

* Abu Odeh al-Jayyusi: Palestinian lord and leader who led the successful resistance movement in Palestine against

Napoleon Bonaparte Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader wh ...

during the

French Campaign in Egypt and Syria The French campaign in Egypt and Syria (1798–1801) was Napoleon Bonaparte's campaign in the Ottoman territories of Egypt and Syria, proclaimed to defend French trade interests, to establish scientific enterprise in the region. It was the ...

in the areas of Nablus

Tulkarm Tulkarm, Tulkarem or Tull Keram ( ar, طولكرم, ''Ṭūlkarm'') is a Palestinian city in the West Bank, located in the Tulkarm Governorate of the State of Palestine. The Israeli city of Netanya is to the west, and the Palestinian cities o ...

and north east Jaffa. * Rashid al-Jayyusi: Prominent lawyer and intellectual who was deported by the occupying British forces during

Mandate Palestine Mandatory Palestine ( ar, فلسطين الانتدابية '; he, פָּלֶשְׂתִּינָה (א״י) ', where "E.Y." indicates ''’Eretz Yiśrā’ēl'', the Land of Israel) was a geopolitical entity established between 1920 and 1948 i ...

for his opinions on the

British Empire The British Empire was composed of the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It began with the overseas possessions and trading posts e ...

. * Kamal Ibrajim al-Jayyusi: Held the following positions in the

Hashemite The Hashemites ( ar, الهاشميون, al-Hāshimīyūn), also House of Hashim, are the royal family of Jordan, which they have ruled since 1921, and were the royal family of the kingdoms of Hejaz (1916–1925), Syria (1920), and Iraq (1921� ...

Kingdom of

Jordan Jordan ( ar, الأردن; tr. ' ), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan,; tr. ' is a country in Western Asia. It is situated at the crossroads of Asia, Africa, and Europe, within the Levant region, on the East Bank of the Jordan Rive ...

, Minister of

Awqaf A waqf ( ar, وَقْف; ), also known as hubous () or ''mortmain'' property is an inalienable charitable endowment under Islamic law. It typically involves donating a building, plot of land or other assets for Muslim religious or charitabl ...

Islamic Affairs and Holy Places, a president of the Damascus courts, Mayor of

Tulkarm Governorate The Tulkarm Governorate ( ar, محافظة طولكرم, Muḥāfaẓat Ṭūlkarm) is an administrative district and one of 16 Governorates of Palestine located in the north-western West Bank. The governorate's land area is 268 square kilometres ...

(until 1962) and the head of Al Karak courts.
Hashim al-Jayyousi
Held the following positions in

, Minister of Trade and Commerce, Minister of Agriculture, Minister of Transport, Minister of Building and Construction, Minister of Interior and a Jordanian Senator. * Shakeeb al-Jayyusi: was a High Court Judge in the State of

Bahrain Bahrain ( ; ; ar, البحرين, al-Bahrayn, locally ), officially the Kingdom of Bahrain, ' is an island country in Western Asia. It is situated on the Persian Gulf, and comprises a small archipelago made up of 50 natural islands and an ...

. *

Salma Khadra Jayyusi Salma Khadra Jayyusi ( ar, سلمى الخضراء الجيوسي; born 1926 or 1927) is a Palestinian poet, writer, translator and anthologist. She is the founder and director of the Project of Translation from Arabic (PROTA), which aims to provi ...

: Poet, translator,

anthologist In book publishing, an anthology is a collection of literary works chosen by the compiler; it may be a collection of plays, poems, short stories, songs or excerpts by different authors. In genre fiction, the term ''anthology'' typically catego ...

, analyst and instructor of

Arabic literature Arabic literature ( ar, الأدب العربي / ALA-LC: ''al-Adab al-‘Arabī'') is the writing, both as prose and poetry, produced by writers in the Arabic language. The Arabic word used for literature is '' Adab'', which is derived from ...

* Odeh Jayyusi: Prominent academic and currently the regional director for IUCN (the World Conservation Union). * Professor Dr. Nedal Rashed Jayousi: Country Representative of the Palestinian European Higher Education Council and Head of the Higher Education Reform Committee. Regional Director for Building Capacities of UN MENA programme Directors. Winner of international Prize. Translator of 3 books. Renowned figure in Middle East as a professional educator and trainer. (Please provide reference link) * Wissam al-Jayyusi: Palestinian philanthropist who drove on his motorbike through the Middle East, Asia and Europe to fundraise money for handicapped children in Gaza *

Bilal al-Jayyusi __NOTOC__ Bilal may refer to: People * Bilal (name) (a list of people with the name) * Bilal ibn Rabah, a companion of Muhammad * Bilal (American singer) * Bilal (Lebanese singer) Places *Bilal Colony, a neighbourhood of Korangi Town in Karachi, ...

author, philosopher and frequent social commentator.,

professor Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an academic rank at universities and other post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin as a "person who professes". Professors ...

of Psychology at

Petra University University of Petra is a private university in Amman, Jordan. The University offers the Bachelor and Master Program and has more than 33 nationalities from Arab and foreign countries. The University is located on the airport road and features a ...

, Amman. * Allam Jayyusi: Businessman and educator, with notable contributions in institutional and economic development work with the UNDP, WB, GTZ, and the DFID. (Please provide reference link) *

Ghada Jayyusi-Lehn Ghada ( ar, غــادة) is a feminine given name of Arabic origin, is used mostly in Arabic speaking countries, but also in a few other countries and languages of the world. In Arabic, it refers to women who are graceful and active, tender and enc ...

: Doctor of Arabic and Islamic Studies who taught at York University, University of Toronto and the American University of Sharjah. (This does not qualify as notable - notice for removal) * Socrates (Suqrat) Jayyusis:

Greek Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...

physicist of

heritage. Currently employed part-time as post-doctoral researcher at

University of Athens The National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA; el, Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών, ''Ethnikó ke Kapodistriakó Panepistímio Athinón''), usually referred to simply as the Univers ...

. (This does not qualify as notable - notice for removal)

References

Bibliography

* * * * * * *, pp. 96–109 {{refend

External links

UCUDEP

Jayousi clan website
Palestinian families Palestinian Muslims 11th-century Armenian people 11th-century people from the Fatimid Caliphate Mamluks