district A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...

Varanasi Division Varanasi division is an administrative geographical unit of Uttar Pradesh state of India. Varanasi is the administrative headquarters of the division. Currently (2018), the division consists of districts of Varanasi, Chandauli, Ghazipur, and ...

Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh (; , 'Northern Province') is a state in northern India. With over 200 million inhabitants, it is the most populated state in India as well as the most populous country subdivision in the world. It was established in 1950 ...

Gomti River The Gomti, Gumti or Gomati River is a tributary of the Ganges. According to beliefs, the river is the son of Rishi Vashishtha and bathing in the Gomti on Ekadashi (the 11th day of the two lunar phases of the Hindu calendar month) can wash awa ...

Lucknow Lucknow (, ) is the capital and the largest city of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and it is also the second largest urban agglomeration in Uttar Pradesh. Lucknow is the administrative headquarters of the eponymous district and division ...

Lok sabha The Lok Sabha, constitutionally the House of the People, is the lower house of India's bicameral Parliament, with the upper house being the Rajya Sabha. Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by an adult universal suffrage and a first-past ...

Vidhan Sabha The State Legislative Assembly, or Vidhan Sabha, or also Saasana Sabha, is a legislative body in the states and union territories of India. In the 28 states and 3 union territories with a unicameral state legislature, it is the sole legislati ...

Hindi Hindi (Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been de ...

Urdu Urdu (;"Urdu"
''

The district of Jaunpur is situated in the northwest part of

Varanasi Division Varanasi division is an administrative geographical unit of Uttar Pradesh state of India. Varanasi is the administrative headquarters of the division. Currently (2018), the division consists of districts of Varanasi, Chandauli, Ghazipur, and ...

. Its attitude varies from 261 ft to 290 ft above sea level.

Rivers

Gomti The Gomti, Gumti or Gomati River is a tributary of the Ganges. According to beliefs, the river is the son of Rishi Vashishtha and bathing in the Gomti on Ekadashi (the 11th day of the two lunar phases of the Hindu calendar month) can wash a ...

and Sai are its main parental rivers. Besides these, Varuna, Basuhi, Pili. Mamur and Gangi are the smaller rivers here. The rivers Gomti and Basuhi divide the district into nearly four equal landmasses. Jaunpur district is often affected by the disaster of floods.

Climate

Jaunpur district has a climate consistent with that of the Northern Plain and Central Highlands including the

Aravalli range The Aravalli Range (also spelled ''Aravali'') is a mountain range in Northern-Western India, running approximately in a south-west direction, starting near Delhi, passing through southern Haryana, Rajasthan, and ending in Ahmedabad Gujarat. ...

, hot semi-arid eco-region 4.3 and hot dry ecoregion 9.2. The temperature varies between about and .National Informatics Centr
"Jaunpur official website."
Government of India. Accessed 3 December 2013. The annual normal rainfall is . The

monsoon A monsoon () is traditionally a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with annual latitudinal oscil ...

season occurs from the third week of June to the first week of October. Normally, there are 46 rain days per year of which 31 occur in the monsoon season. The district regularly suffers

drought A drought is defined as drier than normal conditions.Douville, H., K. Raghavan, J. Renwick, R.P. Allan, P.A. Arias, M. Barlow, R. Cerezo-Mota, A. Cherchi, T.Y. Gan, J. Gergis, D. Jiang, A. Khan, W. Pokam Mba, D. Rosenfeld, J. Tierney, an ...

and pestilence."Agricultural contingency plan for Jaunpur."
Government of India. November 2013. Accessed 3 December 2013.

Topography

The topography of the district is a flat plain undulating with shallow river valleys. The main permanently flowing rivers are the Gomti and the Sai.Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium enterprise
"A brief industrial profile of Jaunpur district."
Government of India. Date not stated. Accessed 3 December 2013. The rivers of Jaunpur flow from northwest to southeast and the land slopes in the same direction. Thus, there is a more elevated area in the northwest and a less elevated area of land in the southeast.Prasad G
"Progress in Nanotechnology."
Discovery Publishing House. 2008. Vol 2. pp 68-71. Accessed at Google Books 4 December 2013.

Geology

Beneath the surface of the district of Jaunpur, is a thick mantle consisting of the

quaternary The Quaternary ( ) is the current and most recent of the three periods of the Cenozoic Era in the geologic time scale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS). It follows the Neogene Period and spans from 2.58 million years ...

sediment Sediment is a naturally occurring material that is broken down by processes of weathering and erosion, and is subsequently transported by the action of wind, water, or ice or by the force of gravity acting on the particles. For example, sand an ...

s (silt, sand and clay) of the

Ganga river The Ganges ( ) (in India: Ganga ( ); in Bangladesh: Padma ( )). "The Ganges Basin, known in India as the Ganga and in Bangladesh as the Padma, is an international river to which India, Bangladesh, Nepal and China are the riparian states." is ...

system. Below is

vindhya range The Vindhya Range (also known as Vindhyachal) () is a complex, discontinuous chain of mountain ridges, hill ranges, highlands and plateau escarpments in west-central India. Technically, the Vindhyas do not form a single mountain range in the ...

bedrock In geology, bedrock is solid Rock (geology), rock that lies under loose material (regolith) within the crust (geology), crust of Earth or another terrestrial planet. Definition Bedrock is the solid rock that underlies looser surface mater ...

. Mineral deposits are rare but there is

limestone Limestone ( calcium carbonate ) is a type of carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of . Limestone forms whe ...

as a conglomerate kanker in nodular and block forms. The

limestone Limestone ( calcium carbonate ) is a type of carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of . Limestone forms whe ...

can be used in building.

Earthquake An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the shaking of the surface of the Earth resulting from a sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes can range in intensity, from ...

s have been recorded, the largest in 1927 and 1954.

Demographics

In 2011, an official census was made in Jaunpur district. It recorded a population of 4,494,204 of which 2,258,437 were female and 2,217,635 male making it 7th most populated district in whole state. Jaunpur district has population density of 1,113 persons per km². Between 2001 and 2011, the population of Jaunpur district grew 14.89%. Literacy increased from 59.84 to 73.66 percent. In 2011, 86.06 percent of men were literate and 61.7 percent of women. Children under six years formed 14.37% of the population. Scheduled Castes made up 22.04% of the population. Jaunpur ranks seventh in terms of population in the state and ranks first in terms of sex ratio (1,024). There are 663,513 households in the district accounting for 2% of the total households in the U.P. The average size of households in the district is 6.8 persons. Urban population in the district is only 7.7% of total population.

Languages

At the time of the

2011 Census of India The 2011 Census of India or the 15th Indian Census was conducted in two phases, house listing and population enumeration. The House listing phase began on 1 April 2010 and involved the collection of information about all buildings. Information ...

, 92.65% of the population in the district spoke

Hindi Hindi (Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been de ...

, 3.58%

Bhojpuri Bhojpuri (;Bhojpuri entry, Oxford Dictionaries
, Oxford U ...

, 1.90%

Urdu Urdu (;"Urdu"
''

Awadhi Awadhi (; ), also known as Audhi (), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in northern India and Nepal. It is primarily spoken in the Awadh region of present-day Uttar Pradesh, India. The name ''Awadh'' is connected to Ayodhya, the ancient city, w ...

as their first language.

Governance

Divisions

Within the district, there are two national lower house constituencies,

Lok Sabha The Lok Sabha, constitutionally the House of the People, is the lower house of India's bicameral Parliament, with the upper house being the Rajya Sabha. Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by an adult universal suffrage and a first-past ...

, of which Jaunpur constituency is entirely in the district, and nine state lower house constituencies,

Vidhan Sabha The State Legislative Assembly, or Vidhan Sabha, or also Saasana Sabha, is a legislative body in the states and union territories of India. In the 28 states and 3 union territories with a unicameral state legislature, it is the sole legislati ...

. Jaunpur district has six administrative subdivisions (

Tahsil A tehsil (, also known as tahsil, taluka, or taluk) is a local unit of administrative division in some countries of South Asia. It is a subdistrict of the area within a district including the designated populated place that serves as its administr ...

s).

Tahsils

*

Shahganj Shahganj is a town and a municipal board in Jaunpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Demographics As of 2011 Indian Census, Shahganj had a total population of 26,556, of which 13,812 were males and 12,744 were females. Population ...

*

Badlapur Badlapur (Pronunciation: əd̪lapuːɾ is a city in Thane district, Maharashtra state, India. It is a part of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region. Matheran Range The Matheran Range starts at Haji Malang in the north-north-west, continues to Ta ...

*

Machhali Shahar Machhlishahr is a town in Jaunpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is situated 30 km west of district headquarters Jaunpur. NH-231 passes through the city. Machhlishahr – Janghai – Bhadohi four-lane highway is under co ...

* Jaunpur * Mariahu *

Kerakat Kerakat or Kirakat is a town and nagar panchayat in Jaunpur district of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh with a population of approximately 13,500. It is situated near the Gomati River, which helps the land around the town stay very fertile. Ke ...

.

Development Blocks

Jaunpur district is further divided into twenty-one "development blocks". * Sondhi (

Shahganj Shahganj is a town and a municipal board in Jaunpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Demographics As of 2011 Indian Census, Shahganj had a total population of 26,556, of which 13,812 were males and 12,744 were females. Population ...

) * Suithakala * Khuthan * Karanja Kala *

Badlapur Badlapur (Pronunciation: əd̪lapuːɾ is a city in Thane district, Maharashtra state, India. It is a part of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region. Matheran Range The Matheran Range starts at Haji Malang in the north-north-west, continues to Ta ...

* Maharajganj * Sujanganj * Baksha *

Mungra Badshahpur Mungra Badshahpur (also Mogra Badshahpur) is a town and a municipal board in Jaunpur district of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is situated 48 km north east of Allahabad city in the North-West part of Varanasi Division. Topography Attitude vari ...

*

Machhali Shahar Machhlishahr is a town in Jaunpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is situated 30 km west of district headquarters Jaunpur. NH-231 passes through the city. Machhlishahr – Janghai – Bhadohi four-lane highway is under co ...

* Mariahu * Barsathi * Rampur * Ramnagar * Jalalpur *

Kerakat Kerakat or Kirakat is a town and nagar panchayat in Jaunpur district of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh with a population of approximately 13,500. It is situated near the Gomati River, which helps the land around the town stay very fertile. Ke ...

* Dobhi * Muftiganj * Dharmapur * Bijor * Sirkoni

Thanas

There are also twenty-six police districts (Thanas). * Kotwali * Sadar * Line Bazar * Zafarabad * KhetaSarai *

Shahganj Shahganj is a town and a municipal board in Jaunpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Demographics As of 2011 Indian Census, Shahganj had a total population of 26,556, of which 13,812 were males and 12,744 were females. Population ...

* Sarpatahan *

Kerakat Kerakat or Kirakat is a town and nagar panchayat in Jaunpur district of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh with a population of approximately 13,500. It is situated near the Gomati River, which helps the land around the town stay very fertile. Ke ...

* Chandwak * Jalalpur * Sarai Khwaja * Gaura Badshahpur *

Badlapur Badlapur (Pronunciation: əd̪lapuːɾ is a city in Thane district, Maharashtra state, India. It is a part of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region. Matheran Range The Matheran Range starts at Haji Malang in the north-north-west, continues to Ta ...

* Khuthan * Singra * Baksha * Sujanganj * Maharajganj *

Mungra Badshahpur Mungra Badshahpur (also Mogra Badshahpur) is a town and a municipal board in Jaunpur district of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is situated 48 km north east of Allahabad city in the North-West part of Varanasi Division. Topography Attitude vari ...

*Pawara *

Machhlishahr Machhlishahr is a town in Jaunpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is situated 30 km west of district headquarters Jaunpur. NH-231 passes through the city. Machhlishahr – Janghai – Bhadohi four-lane highway is under co ...

* Meerganj * Sikrara * Mariahu * Rampur * Barsathi * Nevadhiya * Sureri * Baserawan * Kaserawan * Janghai

Economy

The district's main economical activity is

agriculture Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people to ...

and allied sector. Jaunpur is the fastest developing area in eastern Uttar Pradesh with skill development, quality education and good infrastructure.

Agriculture

The main field crops of Jaunpur district are: rice, maize, pigeon pea, pearl millet, blackgram wheat and chickpea. Other crops are onion and potato and crops for

fodder Fodder (), also called provender (), is any agriculture, agricultural foodstuff used specifically to feed domesticated livestock, such as cattle, domestic rabbit, rabbits, sheep, horses, chickens and pigs. "Fodder" refers particularly to food g ...

. The crops are grown with both rainfall and irrigation. There are cattle (both local low yielding and crossbred), and local low-yielding buffalo as well as goats, sheep, backyard chickens and pigs and occasional dairy farms. Approximately 29% of Jaunpur's population is employed. Approximately 40% of those employed work in manufacturing, 26% work in trade and commerce, 19% work in other services, 8% work in transport and communication, 4% work in agriculture, 2% work in construction, and 2% are marginal workers. There are 43 government

reservoir A reservoir (; from French ''réservoir'' ) is an enlarged lake behind a dam. Such a dam may be either artificial, built to store fresh water or it may be a natural formation. Reservoirs can be created in a number of ways, including contro ...

s and many more private water sources. At Gujartal lake, west of Kheta Sarai, pisciculture is conducted.

Industry

There is little heavy industry in Jaunpur. The Varanasi Jaunpur highway allows for some industrial economic development. A

cotton mill A cotton mill is a building that houses spinning (textiles), spinning or weaving machinery for the production of yarn or cloth from cotton, an important product during the Industrial Revolution in the development of the factory system. Althou ...

was operational near Karanja Kala but has now been replaced by a medical college and there are some

textile Textile is an umbrella term that includes various fiber-based materials, including fibers, yarns, filaments, threads, different fabric types, etc. At first, the word "textiles" only referred to woven fabrics. However, weaving is not the ...

manufacturers. Other manufactured products include perfume (

jasmine Jasmine ( taxonomic name: ''Jasminum''; , ) is a genus of shrubs and vines in the olive family (Oleaceae). It contains around 200 species native to tropical and warm temperate regions of Eurasia, Africa, and Oceania. Jasmines are widely cultiva ...

oil and ''attar'') and

incense Incense is aromatic biotic material that releases fragrant smoke when burnt. The term is used for either the material or the aroma. Incense is used for aesthetic reasons, religious worship, aromatherapy, meditation, and ceremony. It may also be ...

, furniture, carpets, chemical fertiliser and

cement A cement is a binder, a chemical substance used for construction that sets, hardens, and adheres to other materials to bind them together. Cement is seldom used on its own, but rather to bind sand and gravel ( aggregate) together. Cement mix ...

. Tertiary and service industries include repair workshops, print shops and internet cafes. There is a special economical zone located at Allahabad road near

Mungra Badshahpur Mungra Badshahpur (also Mogra Badshahpur) is a town and a municipal board in Jaunpur district of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is situated 48 km north east of Allahabad city in the North-West part of Varanasi Division. Topography Attitude vari ...

the Sathariya Industrial area or SIDA. Jaunpur has a problem of poor

infrastructure Infrastructure is the set of facilities and systems that serve a country, city, or other area, and encompasses the services and facilities necessary for its economy, households and firms to function. Infrastructure is composed of public and priv ...

development. Like many other districts of eastern Uttar Pradesh, Jaunpur has poor road quality and a lack of electricity supply. National highway number 56 between

Lucknow Lucknow (, ) is the capital and the largest city of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and it is also the second largest urban agglomeration in Uttar Pradesh. Lucknow is the administrative headquarters of the eponymous district and division ...

and

Varanasi Varanasi (; ; also Banaras or Benares (; ), and Kashi.) is a city on the Ganges river in northern India that has a central place in the traditions of pilgrimage, death, and mourning in the Hindu world. * * * * The city has a syncretic t ...

cross from Jaunpur. Agro-park in Varanasi near Babatpur airport on Varanasi-Jaunpur highway is said to boost the food-processing industry in the region.

Transport

Roadways

Jaunpur is well-connected to

Lucknow Lucknow (, ) is the capital and the largest city of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and it is also the second largest urban agglomeration in Uttar Pradesh. Lucknow is the administrative headquarters of the eponymous district and division ...

,

Gorakhpur Gorakhpur is a city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, along the banks of the Rapti river in the Purvanchal region. It is situated 272 kilometers east of the state capital Lucknow. It is the administrative headquarters of Gorakhpur dist ...

,

Varanasi Varanasi (; ; also Banaras or Benares (; ), and Kashi.) is a city on the Ganges river in northern India that has a central place in the traditions of pilgrimage, death, and mourning in the Hindu world. * * * * The city has a syncretic t ...

,

Allahabad Allahabad (), officially known as Prayagraj, also known as Ilahabad, is a metropolis in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.The other five cities were: Agra, Kanpur (Cawnpore), Lucknow, Meerut, and Varanasi (Benares). It is the administrat ...

and other cities like Azamgarh,

Ayodhya Ayodhya (; ) is a city situated on the banks of holy river Saryu in the States and union territories of India, Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Ayodhya, also known as Sāketa, Saketa, is an ancient city of India, the birthplace of Rama and ...

,

Mirzapur Mirzapur () is a city in Uttar Pradesh, India, 827 km from Delhi and 733 km from Kolkata, almost 91 km from Prayagraj (formally known as Allahabad) and 61 km from Varanasi. It is known for its carpets and brassware industries, and the folk ...

, Janghai, Sultanpur,

Kerakat Kerakat or Kirakat is a town and nagar panchayat in Jaunpur district of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh with a population of approximately 13,500. It is situated near the Gomati River, which helps the land around the town stay very fertile. Ke ...

,

Ghazipur Ghazipur is a city in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. Ghazipur city is the administrative headquarters of the Ghazipur district, one of the four districts that form the Varanasi division of Uttar Pradesh. The city of Ghazipur also constitute ...

etc. Mariahu NH-56, SH-36 are the roadways connecting all major cities to Jaunpur. The major bus stations are in Jaunpur city and Machhlishahr. Road dividers are also being built to avoid traffic jams.

Railways

Jaunpur is well-connected with all major cities of India thanks to

Indian Railways Indian Railways (IR) is a statutory body under the ownership of Ministry of Railways, Government of India that operates India's national railway system. It manages the fourth largest national railway system in the world by size, with a tot ...

. It has four major railway stations:

Jaunpur City Railway Station Jaunpur City railway station is one of the railway stations in Jaunpur district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is situated on the southwest side of the city about 5 km from Jaunpur Junction railway station. This station is under the administra ...

(JOP) and

Jaunpur Junction Jaunpur Junction (station code JNU), also known as Bhandariya railway station is a railway station in Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. The station is part of the Northern Railway Lucknow Division and the Varanasi–Lucknow line via Jaunpur-Fa ...

(JNU), Shahganj Junction (SHG), Janghai Junction,

Kerakat railway station Kerakat railway station (KCT) is a passenger rail station serving the town of Kerakat and nearby villages. It is situated from . It is very famous and small station of this area. This station has two platforms. Outline Kerakat railway stati ...

(KCT). Zafarabad (ZBD) also a railway station where's many train routes are diverted i.e. Allahababd, Varanasi, Lucknow Via Sultanpur, Lucknow via Shahganj, Ghazipur via Jaunpur junction. Jaunpur Junction Electrified

Following is the list of all junctions and halt stations in Jaunpur Districts: *

Jaunpur Junction Jaunpur Junction (station code JNU), also known as Bhandariya railway station is a railway station in Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. The station is part of the Northern Railway Lucknow Division and the Varanasi–Lucknow line via Jaunpur-Fa ...

* Shahganj Junction * Zafrabad Junction * Janghai Junction * Jaunpur City * Mahagava Halt * Mehrava * Mani Kalan Halt * Kheta Sarai * Yadavendranagar * Muftiganj * Gangauli *

Kerakat Kerakat or Kirakat is a town and nagar panchayat in Jaunpur district of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh with a population of approximately 13,500. It is situated near the Gomati River, which helps the land around the town stay very fertile. Ke ...

* Dobhi * Daudhondha * Sirkoni * Jalalganj * Trilochan * Baksha * Sarai Harkhu * Shri Krishna Nagar * Harpalganj * Salakhpur * Mariyahu * Bhannor * Barsathi * Jarauna * Nibhapur * Badshahpur

Airways

The nearest airport is

Lal Bahadur Shastri Airport Lal Bahadur Shastri International Airport is an international airport serving Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located at Babatpur, northwest of Varanasi. Formerly known as Varanasi Airport, it was officially renamed after Lal Bahadur ...

in

Varanasi Varanasi (; ; also Banaras or Benares (; ), and Kashi.) is a city on the Ganges river in northern India that has a central place in the traditions of pilgrimage, death, and mourning in the Hindu world. * * * * The city has a syncretic t ...

, which is roughly 39 km (24 mi) from the city. The other nearest airport to Jaunpur is in

Prayagraj Allahabad (), officially known as Prayagraj, also known as Ilahabad, is a metropolis in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.The other five cities were: Agra, Kanpur (Cawnpore), Lucknow, Meerut, and Varanasi (Benares). It is the administrat ...

which is roughly 142 km (88 mi) away.

Historic places and sights

Atala Masjid

Firoz Shah III began the construction of the Atala Masjid in 1393. The Atala masjid is model of Indo-Iran architecture. The Atala became a model for other

Masjids A mosque (; from ar, مَسْجِد, masjid, ; literally "place of ritual prostration"), also called masjid, is a place of prayer for Muslims. Mosques are usually covered buildings, but can be any place where prayers (sujud) are performed, in ...

in the Jaunpur district. Architecturally, it retained and advanced the element of monumentalism. The height of the Atala masjid is over . The perimeter is . The entrance has three massive stone pylons. The central one consists of a high arch between two sloping towers. These are decorated with arched niches and stone screened windows."Atala Masjid"
Jaunpur City website. Accessed 5 May 2012

Jhanjhari Masjid

The Jhanjhari Masjid, on the north bank of the Gomti river, was built by Ibrahim in the Sipah locality of Jaunpur township. It was a residence of Ibrahim himself, as well as a place for saints, scholars (

pandits A Pandit ( sa, पण्डित, paṇḍit; hi, पंडित; also spelled Pundit, pronounced ; abbreviated Pt.) is a man with specialised knowledge or a teacher of any field of knowledge whether it is shashtra (Holy Books) or shastra (Wea ...

) and the army (who kept animals such as elephants, camels, horses and mules). After human destruction and flood damage, only the facade remains. This consists of an arch, high and wide. Some of the stones from this masjid were used in the construction of the Shahi bridge.

Masjid Jama ash Sharq (Jama Masjid)

Main arcade facade, Jama Masjid, Jaunpur

The

Jama Masjid A congregational mosque or Friday mosque (, ''masjid jāmi‘'', or simply: , ''jāmi‘''; ), or sometimes great mosque or grand mosque (, ''jāmi‘ kabir''; ), is a mosque for hosting the Friday noon prayers known as ''jumu'ah''.* * * * * * * ...

is another of the

Sharqi dynasty The Jaunpur Sultanate ( fa, ) was an independent Islamic state in northern India between 1394 and 1479, ruled by the Sharqi dynasty. It was founded in 1394 by Khwajah-i-Jahan Malik Sarwar, a former wazir of Sultan Nasiruddin Muhammad Shah IV ...

period, started by Ibrahim Shah Sharqi and after a number of construction phases, completed by Hussain Shah. It is located on the Shahganj road near the Purani bazaar in Jaunpur City. The size of the masjid interior is x . 27 steps climb to the top. There are four gates, one at each

cardinal point The four cardinal directions, or cardinal points, are the four main compass directions: north, east, south, and west, commonly denoted by their initials N, E, S, and W respectively. Relative to north, the directions east, south, and west are a ...

. The eastern gateway was destroyed by

Sikander Lodhi Sikandar Khan Lodi (died 21 November 1517), born Nizam Khan, was a Pashtun Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate between 1489 and 1517. He became ruler of the Lodi dynasty after the death of his father Bahlul Khan Lodi in July 1489. The second and most s ...

. The masjid is decorated with

Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediter ...

ian style engravings and lotus,

sunflower The common sunflower (''Helianthus annuus'') is a large annual forb of the genus ''Helianthus'' grown as a crop for its edible oily seeds. Apart from cooking oil production, it is also used as livestock forage (as a meal or a silage plant), as ...

and

rose A rose is either a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus ''Rosa'' (), in the family Rosaceae (), or the flower it bears. There are over three hundred species and tens of thousands of cultivars. They form a group of plants that can be ...

motifs.

Lal Darwaza Masjid

This Masjid was built in 1447 (as per inscription of this masjid) at Begumganj, north of Jaunpur, during the reign of Sultan Mahmud Sharqi, by Queen Bibi Rajyi, dedicated to Maulana Sayyid Ali Dawood Kutubbudin, a celebrated saint ( Maulana) of Jaunpur, whose descendants still live in the mohalla bazaar bhua Pandariba Jaunpur and mohalla Namaz Gah laldarwaza. The masjid occupies x and has three entrances and a courtyard. It is also known as the "Red Portal Masjid".

Shahi Pul

The Shahi Pul is a bridge over the Gomti river at Jaunpur township. It was built by Khankhana in 1564 for Akbar. The bridge is wide. At each end were

pillbox Pillbox may refer to: * Pill organizer, a container for medicine * Pillbox hat, a woman's hat with a flat crown, straight upright sides, and no brim * Pillbox (military) A pillbox is a type of blockhouse, or concrete dug-in guard-post, norm ...

es to house stalls. On a square platform in the middle of the bridge, there is a large sculpture of a lion with an elephant underneath its forepaws. The statue originated in a

Buddhist monastery Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and gra ...

. There is an associated mosque at Idgah on the Allahabad road.

Shahi Qila

In 1462, Firoz Shah III built the Shahi Qila (the imperial fort). The ''Kerar Kot'' fort once stood on the same site in Jaunpur township on the north bank of the

Gomti river The Gomti, Gumti or Gomati River is a tributary of the Ganges. According to beliefs, the river is the son of Rishi Vashishtha and bathing in the Gomti on Ekadashi (the 11th day of the two lunar phases of the Hindu calendar month) can wash awa ...

. It contained a

mosque A mosque (; from ar, مَسْجِد, masjid, ; literally "place of ritual prostration"), also called masjid, is a place of prayer for Muslims. Mosques are usually covered buildings, but can be any place where prayers ( sujud) are performed, ...

and a spacious and stylish set of baths (hammam) installed by Ibrahim, Firoz's brother. The layout of the fort is an irregular quadrangle enclosed in stone walls. The walls surround raised

earthworks Earthworks may refer to: Construction *Earthworks (archaeology), human-made constructions that modify the land contour * Earthworks (engineering), civil engineering works created by moving or processing quantities of soil *Earthworks (military), m ...

. Most of the remains of the original structures are buried or in ruin."Jaunpur Fort,"
Archaeological Survey of India website. Accessed 7 December 2013. The main gates face east. The largest inner gate is in height. Its external surface is set with

ashlar Ashlar () is finely dressed (cut, worked) stone, either an individual stone that has been worked until squared, or a structure built from such stones. Ashlar is the finest stone masonry unit, generally rectangular cuboid, mentioned by Vitruv ...

stone. A further, outer, gate was installed during the reign of the Mughal king, Akbar, under the patronage of the governor of Jaunpur, Min'im Khan in the 16th century. It is designed in the shape of a flanking

bastion A bastion or bulwark is a structure projecting outward from the curtain wall of a fortification, most commonly angular in shape and positioned at the corners of the fort. The fully developed bastion consists of two faces and two flanks, with fi ...

. The spandrels or spaces between the arches of the outer gate were decorated with blue and yellow tiles. Ornamental

niche Niche may refer to: Science *Developmental niche, a concept for understanding the cultural context of child development *Ecological niche, a term describing the relational position of an organism's species *Niche differentiation, in ecology, the ...

s are built into the walls of the outer gate. The two story residential and administrative building or "palace" was built in a square layout. An interior pillared

veranda A veranda or verandah is a roofed, open-air gallery or porch, attached to the outside of a building. A veranda is often partly enclosed by a railing and frequently extends across the front and sides of the structure. Although the form ''veran ...

h or ''aiwan'' overlooked the ground floor from the first. Shahi-fort

The mosque or ''masjid'' is likely the oldest building in Jaunpur township. It was a simple

arcade Arcade most often refers to: * Arcade game, a coin-operated game machine ** Arcade cabinet, housing which holds an arcade game's hardware ** Arcade system board, a standardized printed circuit board * Amusement arcade, a place with arcade games * ...

of about x . It was supported by pillars in the Bengali style. There are three low central

dome A dome () is an architectural element similar to the hollow upper half of a sphere. There is significant overlap with the term cupola, which may also refer to a dome or a structure on top of a dome. The precise definition of a dome has been a m ...

s and no

minar A minaret (; ar, منارة, translit=manāra, or ar, مِئْذَنة, translit=miʾḏana, links=no; tr, minare; fa, گل‌دسته, translit=goldaste) is a type of tower typically built into or adjacent to mosques. Minarets are generall ...

s. (There are two nearby stone pillars instead).Asher C. B
"Architecture_of_Mughal_India,_Part_1,_Volume_4._From_"The_New_Cambridge_History_of_India
.".html" ;"title="The New Cambridge History of India">"Architecture of Mughal India, Part 1, Volume 4. From "The New Cambridge History of India
."">The New Cambridge History of India">"Architecture of Mughal India, Part 1, Volume 4. From "The New Cambridge History of India
."Cambridge University Press, 1992 , 9780521267281. p88 Accessed at Google Books 6 December 2013. Akriti Shukla(Gupta ji).

Sheetla Chowkiya Dham

Located at Chowkiya, Panchhatiya, the temple is devoted to goddess Shitala, who resides in the main temple of the complex. There are other temples of god and goddess of mostly of the local deities. There is also a pond.The temple is very much popular among the locals. It is believed that before leaving the district, it's necessary to take blessings of Mata Sheetla for safety and well-being. There is a Neem tree in temple believed to be more than 300 years old.

Raja Ki Haveli

It is situated on Panchatiya Road. The palace of royal family of Jaunpur was once owned by Raja Yadvendra Dutt Dubey. Now the palace has been converted into Wedding Lawn. The palace also has a Pokhra where events like Ravan Dahan and Dussehra mela takes place every year.

Notable people

*

Dinesh Kunwar Patel Robot Shalu is a homemade, Artificial intelligence, artificially intelligent, multilingual, social and educational humanoid robot, made-up of waste materials, that can speak 47 languages (9 Indian and 38 foreign), developed by Dinesh Kunwar Pate ...

, developer of world's first homemade humanoid Robot "Shalu" that can speak 47 languages (from Rajamalpur village in Mariahu, Jaunpur) *

Sharadindu Bandyopadhyay Sharadindu Bandyopadhyay (30 March 1899 – 22 September 1970) was an Indian Bengali-language writer. He was actively involved with Bengali cinema as well as Bollywood. The creator of the Bengali detective Byomkesh Bakshi, Sharadindu compos ...

- Indian

Bengali language Bengali ( ), generally known by its endonym Bangla (, ), is an Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan language native to the Bengal region of South Asia. It is the official, national, and most widely spoken language of Bangladesh and the second m ...

writer and

script writer A screenplay writer (also called screenwriter, scriptwriter, scribe or scenarist) is a writer who practices the craft of screenwriting, writing screenplays on which mass media, such as films, television programs and video games, are based. T ...

in Bollywood. Creator of the famous detective character

Byomkesh Bakshi Byomkesh Bakshi is an Indian-Bengali fictional detective created by Sharadindu Bandyopadhyay. Referring to himself as a "truth-seeker" or Satyanweshi in the stories, Bakshi is known for his proficiency with observation, logical reasoning, and ...

and also huge number of historical fiction novels and short stories in

Bengali language Bengali ( ), generally known by its endonym Bangla (, ), is an Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan language native to the Bengal region of South Asia. It is the official, national, and most widely spoken language of Bangladesh and the second m ...

. * Ashok Bhushan - Judge at the Supreme Court of India and was 31st Chief Justice of Kerala High Court * Muhammad Yunus Jawnpuri, Indian

hadith Ḥadīth ( or ; ar, حديث, , , , , , , literally "talk" or "discourse") or Athar ( ar, أثر, , literally "remnant"/"effect") refers to what the majority of Muslims believe to be a record of the words, actions, and the silent approval ...

scholar and former Shaykh al-Hadith of

Mazahir Uloom, Saharanpur Mazahir Uloom ( ur, ) is an Islamic seminary located in Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh. Started in November 1866 by Sa'ādat Ali Faqīh, and developed further by Mazhar Nanautawi and Ahmad Ali Saharanpuri; it is regarded as the second most influen ...

. *

Ravi Kishan Ravi Kishan Shukla (; born 17 July 1969), popularly known as Ravi Kishan, is an Indian actor, politician, film producer and television personality. He currently serves as Member of parliament, Lok Sabha from Gorakhpur. His film works are predo ...

- Actor and MP *

Mohammad Akram Nadwi Mohammad Akram Nadwi (born c. 1963) is an Islamic scholar and the Dean of Cambridge Islamic College, principal of Al-Salam Institute, and an Honorary Visiting Fellow at the Markfield Institute of Higher Education. He is the author of the 43 vo ...

- Dean faculty of Islamic studies Oxford University London * Acharya Ramamurti - Indian social activist (Gandhian) and educationist *

Rambhadracharya Jagadguru Ramanandacharya Swami Rambhadracharya (born Pandit Giridhar on 14 January 1950) is an Indian Hindu spiritual leader, educator, Sanskrit scholar, polyglot, poet, author, textual commentator, philosopher, composer, singer, playwrigh ...

- Hindu spiritual leader, poet, commentator, educationist, religious and social figure * Indu Prakash Singh - Philosopher, economist, politician and former diplomat with the Indian Foreign Service *

Tufani Saroj Tufani Saroj (born 2 July 1956) is an Indian politician in 13th and 14th Lok Sabha from Saidpur, Ghazipur and 15th Lok Sabha from MachhliShahr, Jaunpur district of Uttar Pradesh, India. He represents the MachhliShahr Constituency in Jaunpur ...

- Former Member of Parliament

Machhlishahr Machhlishahr is a town in Jaunpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is situated 30 km west of district headquarters Jaunpur. NH-231 passes through the city. Machhlishahr – Janghai – Bhadohi four-lane highway is under co ...

*

Lalji Singh Lalji Singh FNA, FASc (5 July 1947 – 10 December 2017) was an Indian scientist who worked in the field of DNA fingerprinting technology in India, where he was popularly known as the "Father of Indian DNA fingerprinting". Singh also worke ...

- Scientist who worked in the field of DNA fingerprinting technology *

Rajesh Vivek Rajesh Vivek Upadhyay (31 January 1949 – 14 January 2016) was an Indian actor. He is best known to Hindi film audiences for his role as the astrologer Guran in ''Lagaan'' (2001) and as the postmaster Nivaran in ''Swades'' (2004). He had a ...

- Actor * Jagmohan Yadav - Former IPS police officer and former Director-General of

Uttar Pradesh Police The Uttar Pradesh Police (UP Police), (IAST: ), is the primary law enforcement agency within the Uttar Pradesh state of India. Established in 1863 as the Office of the Inspector General of Police, United Provinces under the ''Police Act, 1861'' ...

* Parasnath Yadava - Former MP and former Cabinet minister of Uttar Pradesh Government * Shailendra Yadav Lalai - MLA

Shahganj Shahganj is a town and a municipal board in Jaunpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Demographics As of 2011 Indian Census, Shahganj had a total population of 26,556, of which 13,812 were males and 12,744 were females. Population ...

and former minister of Uttar Pradesh Government

Temples

Bijethua Mahavir

References

External links

*
First website of Jaunpur in Hindi

First website of Jaunpur in English
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jaunpur District Districts of Uttar Pradesh