Ixoroideae is a subfamily of

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...

s in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

Rubiaceae The Rubiaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules a ...

and contains about 4000

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

in 27

tribes The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in part due to confli ...

Tribes

Airospermeae Airospermeae is a tribe of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae and contains 7 species in 2 genera. Its representatives are found in New Guinea, Fiji, the Lesser Sunda Islands, the Philippines, and Sumatra. Genera Currently accepted names ...

Kainul. & B.Bremer *

Alberteae Alberteae is a tribe of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae and contains about 18 species in 3 genera. Its representatives are found in tropical and southern Africa and in Madagascar. Genera Currently accepted names * ''Alberta'' E.Mey. ...

Hook.f. *

Aleisanthieae Aleisanthieae is a tribe of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae and contains 10 species in 3 genera. Its representatives are found in Borneo, Malaysia, and the Philippines. Genera Currently accepted names * '' Aleisanthia'' Ridl. (2 sp) - ...

Mouly, J.Florence & B.Bremer *

Augusteae Augusteae is a tribe of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae and contains 89 species in 3 genera. '' Augusta'' is found from Mexico to Brazil and in the southwestern Pacific region, ''Wendlandia'' is found in northeastern tropical Africa, tro ...

Kainul. & B.Bremer *

Bertiereae ''Bertiera'' is a genus of flowering plants in the Family (biology), family Rubiaceae. It comprises 57 species with most known from tropical Africa, five known from various :Indian Ocean islands and five found in the tropics of the Americas. Ta ...

Bridson *

Coffeeae Coffeeae is a tribe of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae and contains about 333 species in 11 genera. Its representatives are found in tropical and southern Africa, Madagascar, the western Indian Ocean, tropical and subtropical Asia, and ...

DC. * Condamineeae Hook.f. *

Cordiereae Cordiereae is a tribe of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae and contains 124 species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is oft ...

A.Rich. ex DC. emend. Mouly *

Cremasporeae ''Cremaspora'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is the only genus in the tribe Cremasporeae. It was described by George Bentham in 1849.George Bentham. 1849. Niger Flora, or, An enumeration of the plants of western trop ...

Bremek. ex S.P.Darwin * Crossopterygeae F.White ex Bridson * Gardenieae A.Rich. ex DC. * Greeneeae Mouly, J.Florence & B.Bremer *

Henriquezieae Henriquezieae is a tribe of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae and contains 20 species in 3 genera. Its representatives are found in northern South America. Genera Currently accepted names * '' Gleasonia'' Standl. (5 sp) * '' Henriquez ...

Benth. & Hook.f. *

Ixoreae ''Ixora'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is the only genus in the tribe Ixoreae. It consists of tropical evergreen trees and shrubs and holds around 544 species. Though native to the tropical and subtropical areas ...

Benth. & Hook.f. *

Jackieae ''Jackiopsis'' is a Monotypic taxon, monotypic genus of flowering plants in the Family (biology), family Rubiaceae. It was described by in 1979. The genus contains only one species, viz. ''Jackiopsis ornata'', which is found in Borneo, Malaysia ...

Korth. *

Mussaendeae Mussaendeae is a tribe of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae and contains about 221 species in 8 genera. Its representatives are found from tropical and southern Africa, the western Indian Ocean, to tropical and subtropical Asia and the Pac ...

Hook.f. * Octotropideae

Bedd. Colonel Richard Henry Beddome (11 May 1830 – 23 February 1911) was a British military officer and naturalist in India, who became chief conservator of the Madras Forest Department. In the mid-19th century, he extensively surveyed several ...

Pavetteae Pavetteae is a tribe of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae and contains about 624 species in 9 genera. Its representatives are found from the tropics and subtropics of the Old World and the southern Pacific region. Genera Currently accep ...

A.Rich. ex Dumort. *

Posoquerieae Posoquerieae is a tribe of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae and contains 23 species in 2 genera. Its representatives are found from Mexico to tropical South America. Genera Currently accepted names * '' Molopanthera'' Turcz. Nik ...

Delprete * Retiniphylleae Hook.f. * Sabiceeae Bremek. * Scyphiphoreae Kainul. & B.Bremer * Sherbournieae Mouly & B.Bremer * Sipaneeae Bremek. *

Steenisieae ''Steenisia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus is endemic to the island of Borneo. Species *'' Steenisia borneensis'' ( Valeton) Bakh.f. *'' Steenisia corollina'' ( Valeton) Bakh.f. *'' Steenisia elata'' ( Valet ...

Kainul. & B.Bremer * Trailliaedoxeae Kainul. & B.Bremer *

Vanguerieae Vanguerieae is a tribe of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae and contains about 655 species in 30 genera. It is one of the most species-rich groups within the family and it is distributed across the Paleotropics. Description Several diff ...

A.Rich. ex Dumort.

Classification

Ixoroideae is a subfamily of the family

. Based on both morphological and molecular characters,

has been divided into three subfamilies - Ixoroideae, Cinchonoideae, and Rubioideae. Ixoroideae and Cinchoinoideae are more closely related. Members of Ixoroideae are morphologically diverse so no shared derived characters have been established for its classification. Introduction of molecular analyses to systematics dramatically improved tribal classification within the subfamily. Present tribal classification within this subfamily is mainly supported through molecular analysis of chloroplast DNA.

Cultivation and use

Ixoroideae consists of 27

that include several economically valuable genera. Well-known genera within the subfamily include ''

Ixora ''Ixora'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is the only genus in the tribe Ixoreae. It consists of tropical evergreen trees and shrubs and holds around 544 species. Though native to the tropical and subtropical areas ...

'' and '' Gardenia'', both popular ornamentals, but economic value is centered on the genus ''

Coffea ''Coffea'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. ''Coffea'' species are shrubs or small trees native to tropical and southern Africa and tropical Asia. The seeds of some species, called coffee beans, are used to flavor vario ...

'', cultivated for coffee production. Three species are generally used for cultivation - '' Coffea arabica'', '' Coffea robusta'', and '' Coffea liberica'' Davis, A. P., Govaerts, R., Bridson, D. M., & Stoffelen, P. (2006). An annotated taxonomic conspectus of the genus Coffea (Rubiaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 152(4), 465-512.

References

External links

Gentianales subfamilies Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque {{Ixoroideae-stub