Ishvaratva in

Sanskrit Sanskrit (; attributively , ; nominally , , ) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in South Asia after its predecessor languages had diffused there from the northwest in the late ...

language is an abstract noun meaning '

godhood Divinity or the divine are things that are either related to, devoted to, or proceeding from a deity.divine

', it also means

divinity Divinity or the divine are things that are either related to, devoted to, or proceeding from a deity.divine< ...

Purushottama Purushottama ( sa, पुरुषोत्तम, from पुरुष, ''purusha'' "spirit" or "male" and उत्तम, ''uttama'', "highest") is an epithet of the Hindu preserver deity, Vishnu. According to Vaishnavism, Vishnu is the s ...

(the Lord) conceals and also manifests the qualities at His will, He conceals his qualities like '' Ananda'' ('bliss') and ''Ishvaratva'' ('Lordship') in the ''

Jiva ''Jiva'' ( sa, जीव, IAST: ) is a living being or any entity imbued with a life force in Hinduism and Jainism. The word itself originates from the Sanskrit verb-root ''jīv'', which translates as 'to breathe' or 'to live'. The ''jiva'', a ...

s'' ('Individual Souls') and also conceals His quality of Consciousness in this material world. The ''

Chidabhasa Chidabhasa is the Sanskrit term which means the ''abhasa'' or reflection of Brahman, the Universal Self, on or through the mind; ordinarily this term is used to denote the reflected Universal Self in the Jiva, the Individual Self. The philosophical ...

'' which constitutes ''Ishvaratva'' is almost an exact likeness of true consciousness on account of its being associated with '' Prakrti'' in equilibrium and consequently unperturbed by the '' gunas'' in action. He is '' Saguna Brahman'' whilst true consciousness is ''

Nirguna Brahman ''Para Brahman'' ( sa, परब्रह्म, translit=parabrahma, translit-std=IAST) in Hindu philosophy is the "Supreme Brahman" that which is beyond all descriptions and conceptualisations. It is described as the formless (in the sense th ...

''. ''Ishvaratva'' is only from the standpoint of ''Jivatva''. Both, ''Ishvaratva'' and '' Jivatva'', are the apparent modifications of the Atman or

Brahman In Hinduism, ''Brahman'' ( sa, ब्रह्मन्) connotes the highest universal principle, the ultimate reality in the universe.P. T. Raju (2006), ''Idealistic Thought of India'', Routledge, , page 426 and Conclusion chapter part X ...

. Though of mutually opposed qualities they are denoted by word ''tvam'', the ''Atman'' as qualified by the mental states such as 'waking', 'dream' and 'dreamless sleep''. The Mahavakya,

Tat Tvam Asi Tat or TAT may refer to: Geography * Tát, a Hungarian village * Tat Ali, an Ethiopian volcano People *Tat, a son and disciple of Hermes Trismegistus * Tiffani Amber Thiessen, initials T.A.T. * Tat Wood, a British author Arts, entertainment, a ...

affirms the identity between

and

Ishvara ''Ishvara'' () is a concept in Hinduism, with a wide range of meanings that depend on the era and the school of Hinduism. Monier Monier Williams, Sanskrit-English dictionarySearch for Izvara University of Cologne, Germany In ancient texts of ...

(

Vivekachudamani The ''Vivekachudamani'' (; IAST: ) is an introductory treatise within the Advaita Vedanta tradition of Hinduism, traditionally attributed to Adi Shankara of the eighth century, though this attribution has been questioned and mostly rejected by ...

243-244). Self-luminosity means being directly cognizable without dependence on anything else; and being different from that is ''hetu'' ('proximal or concomitant cause'). The assumed difference between Brahman that is cognized and the Brahman that cognizes is imaginary (''kalpanika'') because in reality there is no difference. The assumed difference between Brahman on the one hand and ''Jiva'' and ''Ishvara'' on the other is not based on luminosity but on other ''dharmas'' (''jivatva'' and ''ishvaratva'') (Advaita-siddhi 22-23). ''Ishvaratva'' is due to the ''

Upadhi Upādhi () is a term in Hindu philosophy meaning "imposition" or "limitation". In Hindu logic, an upādhi is the condition which accompanies the major term and must be supplied to limit the too general middle term. For instance, "the mountain ha ...

'' of '' Avidya''. By the ''Upadhis'' that are ''avidyatmaka'', ''attatvika'' and ''kalpanika'' by creating divisions in the divisionless and partless Brahman when in reality no divisions whatsoever exist. Sankara in his

Bhashya Bhashya () is a "commentary" or "exposition" of any primary or secondary text in ancient or medieval Indian literature. Common in Sanskrit literature, ''Bhashya'' is also found in other Indian languages. Bhashya are found in various fields, ranging ...

Brahma Sutra The ''Brahma Sūtras'' ( sa, ब्रह्मसूत्राणि) is a Sanskrit text, attributed to the sage bādarāyaṇa or sage Vyāsa, estimated to have been completed in its surviving form in approx. 400–450 CE,, Quote: "...we can ...

2.1.14 explains that name and form constitute the seeds of the entire expanse of phenomenal existence, and which are conjured up by nescience. The omniscient God i.e. Brahman, who diversifies the seed ( Shvetashvatara Upanishad VI.12), who manifests names and forms ( Chandogya Upanishad VI.iii.2) and creates all forms, gives them names (and entering into them) (Taittirya Aranyaka III.xii.7), is different from them. The sage of the

Mandukya Upanishad The Māṇḍūkya Upaniṣad ( sa, माण्डूक्य उपनिषद्, ) is the shortest of all the Upanishads, and is assigned to Atharvaveda. It is listed as number 6 in the Muktikā canon of 108 Upanishads. It is in prose, c ...

partitioning the symbol Aum in three different morae adds a fourth mora-less part corresponding to which there are three different states of consciousness, corresponding to which, again, are different kinds of soul and posits "the four states of consciousness – wakefulness, the dream, sleep and a fourth name-less state of consciousness (turiya) while teaching that there is an aspect of the Godhead corresponding to these states of consciousness, the last alone being ultimately real. The Absolute of philosophy surpasses even such a theological conception as that of God." It is only to those who regard the Universal Being as immanent in their own Selves, to them belongs eternal happiness, to no one else ( Shvetashvatara Upanishad VI.12).

References

{{Indian philosophy, state=collapsed Hindu philosophical concepts Vedanta Sanskrit words and phrases