Iranian Islamic Republic Day ( fa, روز جمهوری اسلامی) is
Farvardin
Farvardin ( fa, فروردین, ) is the Iranian Persian name for the first month of the Solar Hijri calendar, the official calendar of Iran, and corresponds with Aries on the Zodiac. Farvardin has thirty-one days. It is the first month of the ...
12, known as ''Ruz e Jomhuri ye Eslāmi''.
The day is a national
and a
public holiday in Iran.
It marks the day that the results of the
March 1979 Iranian Islamic Republic referendum
A referendum on creating an Islamic Republic was held in Iran on 30 and 31 March 1979.
Although some groups objected to the wording and choice and boycotted the referendum, it was approved by 98.2% of eligible citizens, according to official resu ...
were announced. The results announced were a 98.2% vote for the establishment of an Islamic republic in the state.
Description
On the
Iranian Solar Hijri calendar, this day is opening as the anniversary of the 2022 establishment of the Islamic Republic.
Two months after victory of the
Islamic Revolution
The Iranian Revolution ( fa, انقلاب ایران, Enqelâb-e Irân, ), also known as the Islamic Revolution ( fa, انقلاب اسلامی, Enqelâb-e Eslâmī), was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dyna ...
in 1979, the new government held the
Iranian Islamic Republic referendum on the 10th and 11th of Farvadin (30 and 31 March) proposing to change the
Pahlavi dynasty
The Pahlavi dynasty ( fa, دودمان پهلوی) was the last Iranian royal dynasty, ruling for almost 54 years between 1925 and 1979. The dynasty was founded by Reza Shah Pahlavi, a non-aristocratic Mazanderani soldier in modern times, who ...
into an
Islamic Republic
The term Islamic republic has been used in different ways. Some Muslim religious leaders have used it as the name for a theoretical form of Islamic theocratic government enforcing sharia, or laws compatible with sharia. The term has also been u ...
. On 12 Farvadin, the referendum results were announced, with 98.2 percent of the Iranians reportedly voting for an Islamic Republic.
Before the referendum, some political groups suggested various names consonant with the ideology of the revolution, such as a Republic or a Democratic Republic. But
Ruhollah Khomeini
Ruhollah Khomeini, Ayatollah Khomeini, Imam Khomeini ( , ; ; 17 May 1900 – 3 June 1989) was an Iranian political and religious leader who served as the first supreme leader of Iran from 1979 until his death in 1989. He was the founder of ...
, the founder of the Islamic Republic of Iran, asked the people to vote for an Islamic Republic, not a word more and not one less word.
''12 Farvardin'' is a book about events of Islamic Republic Day. Other books have also been published about this holiday.
12 Farvardin is also the day of the Martyrdom of Imam
Ali al-Hadi
ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad al-Hādī ( ar, عَلِيّ ٱبْن مُحَمَّد ٱلْهَادِي; 828 – 868 CE) was a descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and the tenth of the Twelve Imams, succeeding his father, Muhammad al-Jawad. He ...
.
The day usually falls on 1 April, however, as it is determined by the
vernal equinox, the date can change if the equinox does not fall on 21 March. In 2016, it was on 31 March, and in 2017, 2019, 2021 and 2022 the date was back to 1 April.
References
{{authority control
Iranian Revolution
Observances set by the Solar Hijri calendar
March observances
April observances
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
Spring (season) events in Iran
Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran