Iodine monofluoride is an
interhalogen compound
In chemistry, an interhalogen compound is a molecule which contains two or more different halogen atoms ( fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, or astatine) and no atoms of elements from any other group.
Most interhalogen compounds known are b ...
of
iodine and
fluorine with formula IF. It is a chocolate-brown solid that decomposes at 0 °C,
to elemental iodine and
iodine pentafluoride
Iodine pentafluoride is an interhalogen compound with chemical formula IF5. It is one of the fluorides of iodine. It is a colorless liquid, although impure samples appear yellow. It is used as a fluorination reagent and even a solvent in special ...
:
:5 IF → 2 I
2 + IF
5
However, its molecular properties can still be precisely determined by
spectroscopy: the iodine-fluorine distance is 190.9 pm and the I−F
bond dissociation energy
The bond-dissociation energy (BDE, ''D''0, or ''DH°'') is one measure of the strength of a chemical bond . It can be defined as the standard enthalpy change when is cleaved by homolysis to give fragments A and B, which are usually radical ...
is around 277 kJ mol
−1. At 298
K, its
standard enthalpy change of formation
In chemistry and thermodynamics, the standard enthalpy of formation or standard heat of formation of a compound is the change of enthalpy during the formation of 1 mole of the substance from its constituent elements in their reference state, wi ...
is Δ''H''
f° = −95.4 kJ mol
−1, and its
Gibbs free energy
In thermodynamics, the Gibbs free energy (or Gibbs energy; symbol G) is a thermodynamic potential that can be used to calculate the maximum amount of work that may be performed by a thermodynamically closed system at constant temperature and ...
is Δ''G''
f° = −117.6 kJ mol
−1.
It can be generated, albeit only fleetingly, by the reaction of the elements at −45 °C in
CCl3F:
:I
2 + F
2 → 2 IF
It can also be generated by the reaction of iodine with
iodine trifluoride at −78 °C in CCl
3F:
:I
2 + IF
3 → 3 IF
The reaction of iodine with
silver(I) fluoride
Silver(I) fluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula AgF. It is one of the three main fluorides of silver, the others being silver subfluoride and silver(II) fluoride. AgF has relatively few niche applications; it has been employed as ...
at 0 °C also yields iodine monofluoride:
:I
2 + AgF → IF + AgI
Reactions
Iodine monofluoride is used to produce pure
nitrogen triiodide:
:
BN + 3 IF → NI
3 + BF
3
See also
*
Iodine trifluoride
*
Iodine pentafluoride
Iodine pentafluoride is an interhalogen compound with chemical formula IF5. It is one of the fluorides of iodine. It is a colorless liquid, although impure samples appear yellow. It is used as a fluorination reagent and even a solvent in special ...
*
Iodine heptafluoride
Iodine heptafluoride, also known as iodine(VII) fluoride or iodine fluoride, is an interhalogen compound with the chemical formula I F7. It has an unusual pentagonal bipyramidal structure, as predicted by VSEPR theory. The molecule can undergo ...
References
{{fluorine compounds
Interhalogen compounds
Iodine compounds
Fluorides