Ioan Lupaș (9 August 1880 – 3 July 1967) was a

Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Moldova to the east, and ...

n historian, academic, politician,

Orthodox Orthodox, Orthodoxy, or Orthodoxism may refer to: Religion * Orthodoxy, adherence to accepted norms, more specifically adherence to creeds, especially within Christianity and Judaism, but also less commonly in non-Abrahamic religions like Neo-pa ...

theologian and priest. He was a member of the Romanian Academy.

Biography

Lupaș was born in Szelistye, now

Săliște Săliște (german: Großendorf or ''Selischte''; hu, Szelistye) is a town in Sibiu County, in the centre of Romania, west of the county capital, Sibiu. Declared a town in 2003, it is the main locality in the Mărginimea Sibiului area. Geograph ...

Sibiu County Sibiu County () is a county ( ro, județ) of Romania, in the historical region of Transylvania. Its county seat ( ro, reședință de județ) is the namesake town of Sibiu (german: Hermannstadt). Name In Hungarian, it is known as ''Szeben m ...

(at the time part of

Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire,, the Dual Monarchy, or Austria, was a constitutional monarchy and great power in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. It was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of ...

). He attended between 1886 and 1891 the primary school in his home village. In 1892 he started attending the State School in Nagyszeben (

Sibiu Sibiu ( , , german: link=no, Hermannstadt , la, Cibinium, Transylvanian Saxon: ''Härmeschtat'', hu, Nagyszeben ) is a city in Romania, in the historical region of Transylvania. Located some north-west of Bucharest, the city straddles the Ci ...

), but, due to a conflict on national topics with his history teacher Árpád Trompa, he was forced to move (together with his colleague

Octavian Goga Octavian Goga (; 1 April 1881 – 7 May 1938) was a Romanian politician, poet, playwright, journalist, and translator. Life and politics Goga was born in Rășinari, near Sibiu. Goga was an active member in the Romanian nationalisti ...

) to the Andrei Șaguna Orthodox School in Brassó (

Brașov Brașov (, , ; german: Kronstadt; hu, Brassó; la, Corona; Transylvanian Saxon: ''Kruhnen'') is a city in Transylvania, Romania and the administrative centre of Brașov County. According to the latest Romanian census (2011), Brașov has a pop ...

), from where he graduated in 1900. He studied Philosophy and Literature at the

University of Budapest A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, th ...

on a " Gojdu Foundation" scholarship, graduating in 1904, and received his

Ph.D. A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, Ph.D., or DPhil; Latin: or ') is the most common degree at the highest academic level awarded following a course of study. PhDs are awarded for programs across the whole breadth of academic fields. Because it is ...

from the

University of Berlin Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (german: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, abbreviated HU Berlin) is a German public research university in the central borough of Mitte in Berlin. It was established by Frederick William III on the initiative ...

(1905) with the thesis ''The Romanian Orthodox Church in Transylvania and the

Communion with Rome Full communion is a communion or relationship of full agreement among different Christian denominations that share certain essential principles of Christian theology. Views vary among denominations on exactly what constitutes full communion, bu ...

in the 18th Century''. Between 1905 and 1909, Lupaș taught Church History and

Romanian History This article covers the history and bibliography of Romania and links to specialized articles. Prehistory 34,950-year-old remains of modern humans with a possible Neanderthalian trait were discovered in present-day Romania when the '' Pe� ...

at the "Andreian" Institute of Theology in Sibiu and attended Theology courses. During his studies he made his debut in journalism and co-founded the Romanian-language ''Luceafărul'' magazine. In November 1907, Lupaș was brought to trial for seditious libel, being accused of having instigated the peasants to hatred against the landowners, and sentenced to three months imprisonment and a 200 Krone-fine. He served his three month-sentence in

Szeged Szeged ( , ; see also other alternative names) is the third largest city of Hungary, the largest city and regional centre of the Southern Great Plain and the county seat of Csongrád-Csanád county. The University of Szeged is one of the m ...

between August and October 1908, forced out of the Institute in 1909, and appointed priest to the Săliște parish. The

Romanian Academy The Romanian Academy ( ro, Academia Română ) is a cultural forum founded in Bucharest, Romania, in 1866. It covers the scientific, artistic and literary domains. The academy has 181 active members who are elected for life. According to its byl ...

elected him an associate member in 1914 and full member in 1916, at

Nicolae Iorga Nicolae Iorga (; sometimes Neculai Iorga, Nicolas Jorga, Nicolai Jorga or Nicola Jorga, born Nicu N. Iorga;Iova, p. xxvii. 17 January 1871 – 27 November 1940) was a Romanian historian, politician, literary critic, memoirist, Albanologist, poet ...

's suggestion. However, due to the war, he managed to deliver his acceptance speech before the Academy on 8 June 1920. After Romania's entry in

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

on the Allied side, Lupaș was exiled to

Sopron County Sopron (German: ''Ödenburg'') was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now divided between Austria and Hungary. The capital of the county was Sopron. Geography Sopron county shared borders with the A ...

(western

Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the ...

) and placed under house arrest. In 1918, he was elected representative for Săliște in the

Great National Assembly of Alba Iulia The Great National Assembly of Alba Iulia ( ro, Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia) was an assembly held on 1 December 1918 in the city of Alba Iulia in which a total of 1,228 delegates from several areas inhabited by ethnic Romanians de ...

that declared the Union of Transylvania with the Kingdom of Romania. Starting with 1919 he became professor at the University of Cluj, teaching Modern History and Transylvanian History until 1946, and in 1920, together with

Alexandru Lapedatu Alexandru I. Lapedatu (14 September 1876 – 30 August 1950) was Cults and Arts and State minister of Romania, President of the Senate of Romania, member of the Romanian Academy, its president and general secretary. Family Alexandru Lapedatu w ...

, co-founded the National History Institute, located also in

Cluj ; hu, kincses város) , official_name=Cluj-Napoca , native_name= , image_skyline= , subdivision_type1 = County , subdivision_name1 = Cluj County , subdivision_type2 = Status , subdivision_name2 = County seat , settlement_type = City , le ...

; he also taught Church History at the Theological Academy. Lupaș was elected president of the History Section of ASTRA and, between 1932 and 1935, president of the History Section of the Romanian Academy. In the interwar period, Ioan Lupaș served in the Chamber of Deputies for several mandates, and as Minister of Health and Social Security in the

Alexandru Averescu Alexandru Averescu (; 9 March 1859 – 2 October 1938) was a Romanian marshal, diplomat and populist politician. A Romanian Armed Forces Commander during World War I, he served as Prime Minister of three separate cabinets (as well as being ''inter ...

cabinet (1926–1927), as well as Minister of Culture and Arts in the

cabinet (1937–1938). RO IF Cernica monastery Ioan Lupas grave

Due to his political activity, he was arrested by the

communist regime A communist state, also known as a Marxist–Leninist state, is a one-party state that is administered and governed by a communist party guided by Marxism–Leninism. Marxism–Leninism was the state ideology of the Soviet Union, the Cominte ...

on 5 May 1950 and detained at

Sighet Prison The Sighet prison, located in the city of Sighetu Marmației, Maramureș County, Romania, was used by Romania to hold criminals, prisoners of war, and political prisoners. It is now the site of the Sighet Memorial Museum, part of the Memorial ...

until 5 May 1955. Lupaș died on 3 July 1967 and he was buried at the cemetery next to

Cernica Monastery Cernica is a commune in the southeast part of Ilfov County, Muntenia, Romania, with a population of 9,425 as of 2002. It is composed of five villages: Bălăceanca, Căldăraru, Cernica, Poșta and Tânganu. The commune lent its name to the Ce ...

, in Pantelimon. A high school in

bears his name, and so are elementary schools in Cluj-Napoca and Săliște.

Works

*''Câteva pagini din trecutul comunei Săliște'' *''Schiță istorică'', Sibiu, 1903 *''Șovinismul confesional în istoriografia românească ardeleană. Studiu critic'', Sibiu, 1903 *''Biserica ortodoxă din Transilvania și unirea religioasă din veacul al XVIII-lea'', Budapest, 1904 *''Contribuții la istoria culturală și politică a epocii lui Șaguna'', Sibiu, 1907 *''Mitropolitul Andrei Șaguna. Scriere comemorativă la serbarea centenară a nașterii lui'', Sibiu, 1909 *''Viața unei mame credincioase: Anastasia Șaguna'', Sibiu, 1912 *''Misiunea episcopilor Gherasim Adamovici și Ioan Bob la Curtea din Viena în anul 1792'', Sibiu, 1912 *''Viața și faptele lui Andrei Șaguna, mitropolitul Transilvaniei'', Bucharest, 1913 *''Principele ardelean Acațiu Barciai și mitropolitul Sava Brancovici. 1658-1661'', Bucharest, 1913 *''Contribuțiuni la istoria românilor ardeleni. 1780-1792'', Bucharest, 1915 *''Episcopul

Vasile Moga Vasile Moga (; 1774 – October 17, 1845) was an Imperial Austrian ethnic Romanian bishop of the Romanian Orthodox Church. A native of Sebeș, he was a parish priest for some years before being made bishop of Transylvania. The first Romanian to ...

și profesorul

Gheorghe Lazăr Gheorghe Lazăr (5 June 1779 – 17 September 1823), born and died in Avrig, Sibiu County, was a Transylvanian, later Romanian scholar, the founder of the first Romanian language school in Bucharest, 1817. Biography A Habsburg Empire subject, ...

'', Bucharest, 1915 *''Din istoricul ziaristicii românești'', Arad, 1916, 78 p. *''Luptători pentru lumină'', Arad, 1916 *''12 pețitori ai episcopiei transilvane vacante de la 1796 la 1810'', Bucharest, 1916 *''Istoria bisericească a românilor ardeleni'', Sibiu, 1918 *''Mitropolitul Andrei Șaguna'', Sibiu, 1921 *''Andrei Șaguna şi conducătorii "Asociației transilvane" (1861–1922)", Bucharest, 1923 *''Din activitatea ziaristică a lui

Andrei Mureșanu Andrei Mureșanu (; November 16, 1816 in Bistrița – October 12, 1863 in Brașov) was a Romanian poet and revolutionary of Principality of Transylvania (1711–1867), Transylvania. Born in a family of a small business owner in the count ...

'', Bucharest, 1925 *''Contribuții la istoria ziaristicii românești ardelene'', Sibiu, 1926 *''Lecturi din izvoarele istorice române'', Cluj, 1928 *''Istoria unirii românilor'', Bucharest, 1937 *''Paralelism istoric'', Bucharest, 1937 *''Realități istorice în voivodatul Transilvaniei în secolele XII–XVI'', Bucharest, 1938 *''Doctorul Ioan Piuariu Molnar. Viața și opera lui, 1749–1815'', Bucharest, 1939 *'' Emanuil Gojdu, 1802-1870. Originea și opera sa'', Bucharest, 1940 *''Documente istorice transilvane '', Cluj, 1940 *''La Transilvania nel quadro geografico e nel ritmo storico rumeno'', Bucharest, 1942 *''Zur Geschichte der Rumänen. Aufsätze und Vorträge'', Sibiu, 1943 *''O carte de istorie bisericească ilustrată'', Bucharest, 1933 *''Manual de istorie a românilor pentru clasa VIII-a secundară'', Sibiu, 1944 *''Manual de istoria Bisericii Române pentru clasa a IV-a de liceu'', Craiova, 1944

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lupas, Ioan 1880 births 1967 deaths People from Săliște People from the Kingdom of Hungary Romanian Austro-Hungarians Romanian Orthodox priests People's Party (interwar Romania) politicians Romanian Ministers of Culture Romanian Ministers of Health Delegates of the Great National Assembly of Alba Iulia Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania) Ethnic Romanian politicians in Transylvania Romanian magazine editors Romanian magazine founders 20th-century Eastern Orthodox priests 20th-century Romanian historians Austro-Hungarian people of World War I Andrei Șaguna National College (Brașov) alumni Babeș-Bolyai University faculty Budapest University alumni Humboldt University of Berlin alumni Titular members of the Romanian Academy Inmates of Sighet prison Prisoners and detainees of Austria-Hungary Austro-Hungarian prisoners and detainees Prisoners and detainees of Romania Burials at Cernica Monastery Cemetery