The Intertribal Friendship House (IFH) of
Oakland is one of the oldest Native American-focused urban resource and community organizations in the United States. Founded in 1955, IFH was created by local residents, similarly to
American Indian Center
The American Indian Center (AIC) of Chicago is the oldest urban Native Americans in the United States, American Indian center in the United States. It provides social services, youth and senior programs, cultural learning, and meeting opportunitie ...
in
Chicago
(''City in a Garden''); I Will
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. Beginning in 1952, the
United States Bureau of Indian Affairs
The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), also known as Indian Affairs (IA), is a United States federal agency within the Department of the Interior. It is responsible for implementing federal laws and policies related to American Indians and ...
(BIA) supported a plan to relocate Native Americans to urban areas, further encouraged by the
Indian Relocation Act of 1956
The Indian Relocation Act of 1956 (also known as Public Law 959 or the Adult Vocational Training Program) was a United States law intended to create a "a program of vocational training" for Native Americans in the United States. Critics charact ...
. The IFH continues to offer educational activities, elder and youth programs, holiday meals, counseling for social services, space for community meetings, conferences, receptions, memorials, and family affairs.
According to author Ed Vulliamy, 90% of Native Americans in California, "of which the majority are not indigenous California tribes," currently "live in cities."
Related Groups
Organizations and institutions, especially of the
San Francisco Bay Area
The San Francisco Bay Area, often referred to as simply the Bay Area, is a populous region surrounding the San Francisco, San Pablo, and Suisun Bay estuaries in Northern California. The Bay Area is defined by the Association of Bay Area Go ...
that at some point were or are currently related to or affiliated with IFH include:
*
Native American Health Center
*
American Indian Child Resource Center
*
United Indian Nations
*
Indigenous Nations Child and Family Agency
*
San Francisco Indian Center
*
Friendship House Association of American Indians: An inpatient substance abuse treatment center in San Francisco. Former board member "
eterBratt, whose mother is indigenous Peruvian, explained that 'today most of our clients are from California tribes.' "
*
California Indian Legal Services
*
American Indian Film Institute
*
American Indian AIDS Institute of San Francisco
See also
*
American Indian Center
The American Indian Center (AIC) of Chicago is the oldest urban Native Americans in the United States, American Indian center in the United States. It provides social services, youth and senior programs, cultural learning, and meeting opportunitie ...
*
International Indian Treaty Council
The International Indian Treaty Council (IITC) is an organization of Indigenous Peoples from North, Central, South America, the Caribbean and the Pacific working for the Sovereignty and Self-Determination of Indigenous Peoples and the recognition ...
*
American Indian Public Charter School
American Indian Public Charter School or AIPCS is an Oakland, California charter school, charter middle school with predominantly low-income, minority students. It opened in 1996 and struggled over the next few years until a turnaround after 2000 ...
References
External links
Intertribal Friendship Houseofficial website.
* Bureau of Indian Affairs under the United State
Department of the Interior
{{Authority control
Buildings and structures in Oakland, California
Native American history of California
1955 establishments in California