Interleukin receptors are a family of
cytokine
Cytokines are a broad and loose category of small proteins (~5–25 kDa) important in cell signaling. Cytokines are peptides and cannot cross the lipid bilayer of cells to enter the cytoplasm. Cytokines have been shown to be involved in autocrin ...
receptors for
interleukin
Interleukins (ILs) are a group of cytokines (secreted proteins and signal molecules) that are expressed and secreted by white blood cells (leukocytes) as well as some other body cells. The human genome encodes more than 50 interleukins and related ...
s. They belong to the
immunoglobulin superfamily
The immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) is a large protein superfamily of cell surface and soluble proteins that are involved in the recognition, binding, or adhesion processes of cells. Molecules are categorized as members of this superfamily ...
.
Types
There are two main families of Interleukin receptors,
Type 1 and
Type 2.
Type 1
Type 1 interleukin receptors
Type I cytokine receptors are transmembrane receptors expressed on the surface of cells that recognize and respond to cytokines with four α-helical strands. These receptors are also known under the name '' hemopoietin receptors'', and share a ...
include:
Type 2
Type 2 interleukin receptors are
Type II cytokine receptors. They include:
Other
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Interleukin-8 receptor
Overview
The interleukin-8 receptors (IL-8R) are two 7-transmembrane proteins in the G-protein coupled-receptor family: interleukin-8 receptor A (IL-8RA) and interleukin-8 receptor B (IL-8RB). These receptors are generally found on human neut ...
, RANTES receptors (
CCR1
C-C chemokine receptor type 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CCR1'' gene.
CCR1 has also recently been designated CD191 (cluster of differentiation 191).
Function
This gene encodes a member of the beta chemokine receptor fami ...
,
CCR3,
CCR5
C-C chemokine receptor type 5, also known as CCR5 or CD195, is a protein on the surface of white blood cells that is involved in the immune system as it acts as a receptor for chemokines.
In humans, the ''CCR5'' gene that encodes the CCR5 p ...
),
MIP-1 receptor,
PF4 receptor,
M-CSF receptor and
NAP-2 receptor belong to
GPCR
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-(pass)-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptors, and G protein-linked receptors (GPLR), form a large group of evolutionarily-related p ...
chemokine receptor
Chemokine receptors are cytokine receptors found on the surface of certain cells that interact with a type of cytokine called a chemokine. There have been 20 distinct chemokine receptors discovered in humans. Each has a rhodopsin-like 7-trans ...
family.
References
External links
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Immunology
Single-pass transmembrane proteins
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