Institut d'études politiques de Bordeaux
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Institut d'études politiques de Bordeaux, also known as Sciences Po Bordeaux, is a French
grande école A ''grande école'' () is a specialised university that is separate from, but parallel and often connected to, the main framework of the French public university system. The grandes écoles offer teaching, research and professional training in s ...
located on the university campus of
Pessac Pessac (; ) is a commune in the Gironde department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France. It is a member of the metropolis of Bordeaux, being the second-largest suburb of Bordeaux and located just southwest of it. Pessac is also home to ...
,
Bordeaux Bordeaux ( , ; Gascon oc, Bordèu ; eu, Bordele; it, Bordò; es, Burdeos) is a port city on the river Garonne in the Gironde department, Southwestern France. It is the capital of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, as well as the prefectu ...
. It is attached to the
University of Bordeaux The University of Bordeaux (French: ''Université de Bordeaux'') is a Lists of universities in France, public university based in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in Southern France, southwestern France. It has several campuses in the cities and towns of Bor ...
. Established in 1948, Sciences Po Bordeaux is one of the ten Institutes of Political Studies in France. According to article 2 of an 18 December 1989 decree, the mission of Institutes of Political Studies is : 1° to contribute to the training of higher civil servants as well as executives in the public, para-public and private sectors, notably in the State and decentralized communities 2° to develop the research in political and administrative sciences Alumni include many notable public figures, including one French Prime Minister, politicians and influential businessmen. The institute has approximately 1,300 students, admitted after a rigorous selection. Each year, Sciences Po Bordeaux receives about 3000 applications and only around 150 students will be accepted after the selection process, around 5% in average. This process makes it one of the most difficult French Political Institute to be accepted in. The academic course lasts five years, at the end of which a student graduates with the Diploma of Sciences Po Bordeaux (which is equivalent to a bachelor's degree) and with one of eighteen Masters offered by the institute. Sciences Po Bordeaux is a well integrated university, with more than 200 exchange-agreements with foreign universities around the world. It also proposes double degree programs with the universities of Stuttgart (Germany), Turin (Italy), Coimbra (Portugal), Madrid (Spain), Hong Kong (China), Moscow (Russia), Kingston (Jamaica) and Quebec (Canada).


History

The school was established by decree on 4 May 1948 under the name "Institut d'études politiques de l’Université de Bordeaux".
Maurice Duverger Maurice Duverger (5 June 1917 – 16 December 2014) was a French jurist, sociologist, political scientist and politician born in Angoulême, Charente. Starting his career as a jurist at the University of Bordeaux, Duverger became more and m ...
was its first director. It obtained the status of public establishment and got its present name by decree on 18 January 1969 with the other Sciences-Po of Aix, Grenoble, Lyon, Strasbourg and Toulouse. The historian and sociologist
Jacques Ellul Jacques Ellul (; ; January 6, 1912 – May 19, 1994) was a French philosopher, sociologist, lay theologian, and professor who was a noted Christian anarchist. Ellul was a longtime Professor of History and the Sociology of Institutions on ...
, as well as the future Minister, Secretary of the European Council and Vice-President of the European Parliament, Catherine Lalumière, were teachers in the institution. Until 1967, Sciences-Po Bordeaux was located in the city center of Bordeaux, before being replaced by the current lower Court of Justice of Bordeaux. By a decree in 1989, Sciences-Po Bordeaux has been attached to the University of Bordeaux IV. Sciences-Po Bordeaux is a member of the PRES of the University of Bordeaux. Since September 2016, Yves Déloye is the director of the school.


Directors

*
Maurice Duverger Maurice Duverger (5 June 1917 – 16 December 2014) was a French jurist, sociologist, political scientist and politician born in Angoulême, Charente. Starting his career as a jurist at the University of Bordeaux, Duverger became more and m ...
* Marcel Merle * 1967–1977 : Albert Mabileau * 1977–1985 :
Claude Emery Claude may refer to: __NOTOC__ People and fictional characters * Claude (given name), a list of people and fictional characters * Claude (surname), a list of people * Claude Lorrain (c. 1600–1682), French landscape painter, draughtsman and etcher ...
* 1985–1998 : Pierre Sadran * 1998–2007 : Robert Lafore * 2007–2016 : Vincent Hoffmann-Martinot * Since 2016 : Yves Déloye


Overview

Sciences Po institutes are ''Grandes Écoles'', a French institution of
higher education Higher education is tertiary education leading to award of an academic degree. Higher education, also called post-secondary education, third-level or tertiary education, is an optional final stage of formal learning that occurs after compl ...
that is separate from, but parallel and connected to the main framework of the French public university system. Similar to the
Ivy League The Ivy League is an American collegiate athletic conference comprising eight private research universities in the Northeastern United States. The term ''Ivy League'' is typically used beyond the sports context to refer to the eight school ...
in the United States,
Oxbridge Oxbridge is a portmanteau of Oxford and Cambridge, the two oldest, wealthiest, and most famous universities in the United Kingdom. The term is used to refer to them collectively, in contrast to other British universities, and more broadly to de ...
in the UK, and
C9 League The C9 League () is an alliance of nine universities in China, initiated by the Chinese Central Government to promote the development and reputation of higher education in China in 2009. Collectively, universities in the C9 League account for 3% ...
in China, ''Grandes Écoles'' are elite academic institutions that admit students through an extremely competitive process. The selection rates at these schools are frequently less than 10%. Alums go on to occupy elite positions within government, administration, and corporate firms in France.
Monique de Saint-Martin Monique de Saint-Martin (born 1940) is a sociologist born in France. Introduction She is the director of studies at the '' Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS)'', Monique de Saint-Martinis is known for her work with Pierre Bour ...
, « Les recherches sociologiques sur les grandes écoles : de la reproduction à la recherche de justice », Éducation et sociétés 1/2008 (),
lire en ligne
sur
Cairn.info Cairn.info is a French-language web portal, founded in 2005, containing scholarly materials in the humanities and social sciences. Much of the collection is in French, but it also includes an English-language international interface to facilitat ...
Valérie Albouy et Thomas Wanecq
Les inégalités sociales d’accès aux grandes écoles
(2003), INSEE
Although these institutes are more expensive than public universities in France, ''Grandes Écoles'' typically have much smaller class sizes and student bodies, and many of their programs are taught in English. International internships, study abroad opportunities, and close ties with government and the corporate world are a hallmark of the ''Grandes Écoles''. Many of the top ranked schools in Europe are members of the '' Conférence des Grandes Écoles'' ''(CGE)'', as are the Sciences Po institutes. The institute is modeled on the former '' École Libre des Sciences Politiques'', and as such, Sciences Po specializes in political science, but uses an interdisciplinary approach to education that provides student generalists with the high level of grounding in skills that they need in History, Law, Economic Sciences, Sociology, Political science and International relations. The academic course lasts five years, and it is a three-year undergraduate programme and a two-year graduate programme and the primary diploma is a master's degree. The third year of the curriculum is a year of mobility abroad, and students can spend two semesters in a foreign university, one semester in a university and one semester internship or they also have the opportunity to spend two semesters as a trainee. Years 4 and 5 are for specialization. Degrees from Sciences Po are accredited by the ''Conférence des Grandes Écoles'' and awarded by the
Ministry of National Education (France) Ministry may refer to: Government * Ministry (collective executive), the complete body of government ministers under the leadership of a prime minister * Ministry (government department), a department of a government Religion * Christian mi ...
(french: Le Ministère de L'éducation Nationale).


Education

The academic course, which lasted three years until 2002, was extended to five years following the European model of the " LMD". The year 2005 marked the last phase of the reform. The second year of the course is a mandatory year of mobility in France or abroad.


Admission

Entry to Sciences Po Bordeaux is conditioned by selection tests, either at the level of
baccalauréat The ''baccalauréat'' (; ), often known in France colloquially as the ''bac'', is a French national academic qualification that students can obtain at the completion of their secondary education (at the end of the ''lycée'') by meeting certain ...
(Bac 0), Bac + 1 (integrated courses) Bac + 3 or master. The selection rate in 2013 for the Bac 0 tests was 6.70%. * For admission in first year the tests are as follow: ** History essay ** A dissertation on contemporary knowledge ** Language test * For admission in third year to Bac + 3: ** A dissertation on contemporary knowledge; ** Language test; ** A speciality test to choose between: private law, public law, economics, geography, history, foreign civilization, sociology. The online registration dates for the events are usually between January and February of each academic year, the entrance exams take place between April and May. * For admission to the first year, the integrated courses: six of them, are the result of a partnership with a foreign university. Students are sent abroad two out of the 5 years (United Kingdom, Spain, Morocco, Germany, Italy and Portugal). The entry exams consist of a composition essay on a current theme, and a test of living language (English for Morocco). Candidates who are eligible to take part in the written tests must take an oral examination. By 2015, the intake rate for integrated sectors was around 10%.


Social diversification

Since 2006, with the support of the Regional Council of Aquitaine, the Rectorate of the Academy of Bordeaux and the ACSE, the institute has set up a social diversification program through an integrated preparation system in 24 secondary schools in the region of Aquitaine in order to promote access to the establishment of pupils from less favored social categories. This program, entitled "Sciences Po Bordeaux, I Can Because I Want It!" 1,183 high school students in Aquitaine benefited from this program between 2006 and 2013, 965 has been admitted to the entrance tests and 103 were admitted. Because of this initiative, 30% of its students has received a scholarship of Tertiary Education, highest rate among the 9 Institutes of Political Studies in France.


The First Cycle: The Bachelor of Political Studies

The first cycle is equivalent to a bachelor's degree in political studies. The objective of the first cycle is to expose students to disciplines in which they are based on (law, political science, history, economics, international relations, sociology, geography), the acquisition of working methods of Sciences Po and the strengthening two foreign languages besides French. Each year consists of 60 ECTS credits: The first year is a year of initial training and acquisition of working methods The second year consists of a year of compulsory exchange, in the form of a year of study or an internship. Sciences Po Bordeaux has more than 250 academic partner universities in Europe and the rest of the world. Students are also allowed to pursue their studies in France, in a different institution. The third year is a year of consolidation and orientation to the master's degree.


The Second Cycle: Diploma of the Institute of Political studies

The Diploma of the Institute of Political Studies is equivalent to a master's degree. The second cycle consists of two years with 60 ETCS per year. Students are required to choose their master, in other word, their specialisation. During the two years of master, at least one semester is devoted to an internship, which normally lasts for 6 months to prepare students for their future career. For masters which are research based, an in depth dissertation which lasts for at least 6 months will be required instead of an internship. There are 4 majors in Sciences Po Bordeaux for the master's degrees and each major consists of different master's degrees as follow:


Major in Public Administration and Management

Master of Public Administration Master of Expertise in Public Affairs


Major in International Affairs

Master of Applied Geoeconomics Master of International Cooperation and Development Master of Risk Management in Southern Countries Master of European Integration and Global Development (in partnership with the University of Moscow) Master of Politics and Development in Africa and the Countries of the South Master of International Relations (Also Known as the Bordeaux International Relations Degree which is in English) Master of International Policy Master of Interdisciplinary and Inter-University Joint Dynamics of the Afriques (with the University of Bordeaux)


Major in Politics, Society and Communication

Master of European Affairs Master of Public Affairs and Interest Representation Master of Journalism Master of Public Communication and Policy Master of Policy Professions Master of Society, Powers and Representations Master of Metropolitan strategies and governance


Major in Management of Projects and Organizations

Master of Management of Enterprises and Organizations Master of Development of Enterprises of the Social and Solidarity Economy Master of Management of Cultural Projects and Territorial Development Master of Governance in the Ecological Transition


Double Degrees

Sciences Po Bordeaux has set up double degrees with its partners around the globe. Students will obtain a double degree from Sciences Po Bordeaux and the partner institution. There are six double degrees as follow: France-Hong Kong, in partnership with the
Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU) is a publicly funded tertiary liberal arts institution with a Christian education heritage. It was established as Hong Kong Baptist College with the support of American Baptists, who provided both operati ...
France-Portugal, in partnership with the
University of Coimbra The University of Coimbra (UC; pt, Universidade de Coimbra, ) is a public research university in Coimbra, Portugal. First established in Lisbon in 1290, it went through a number of relocations until moving permanently to Coimbra in 1537. The u ...
France-Spain, in partnership with the
Autonomous University of Madrid The Autonomous University of Madrid ( es, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; UAM), commonly known as simply la Autónoma, is a Spanish public university located in Madrid, Spain. The university was founded in 1968 alongside the Autonomous Univers ...
France-Germany, in partnership with the
University of Stuttgart The University of Stuttgart (german: Universität Stuttgart) is a leading research university located in Stuttgart, Germany. It was founded in 1829 and is organized into 10 faculties. It is one of the oldest technical universities in Germany wi ...
France-Italy, in partnership with the
University of Turin The University of Turin (Italian language, Italian: ''Università degli Studi di Torino'', UNITO) is a public university, public research university in the city of Turin, in the Piedmont (Italy), Piedmont region of Italy. It is one of the List ...
France-Morocco integrated in partnership with the Mundiapolis University of Casablanca. France – Russia in partnership with People's Friendship of the University of Russia France – Caribbean Network in partnership with University of West Indies and Guyana of Schoelcher (Martinique) and the University of West Indies of Kingston (Jamaica)


School of Postgraduate studies

Sciences Po Bordeaux is a member of the Doctoral School "Society, Politics, Public Health". This doctoral school is in cooperation with School of Sciences Sociales: Society, Health and Decision from the University of Bordeaux and the previous doctoral school of Political Science from University of Bordeaux and Institut d'Etudes Politiques, Bordeaux. This school offers doctorates in: * Political science * Sociology


Other courses offered at Sciences Po Bordeaux


The preparation of the French Administrative Examination

In accordance with its original objective, the IEP contributes to the training of public service executives, both through initial training and through preparations for administrative examinations. There are three specific preparations available for initial training (after the diploma, a bachelor's degree or a master's degree) or in continuing education (employees, civil servants)/ * The General Administration Preparation Center (CPAG) for category A civil service recruitment examination; These examinations included the National School of Administration, the National Institute of Territorial Studies (INET) and the School of Higher Studies in Public Health (EHESP); * The preparation for the aggregation and CAPES of economics and social sciences.


Continuing education

IEP has developed a range of continuing education courses for elected officials, executives of public, parapublic and voluntary organizations as well as corporate executives. These included short courses (1 day) or certifying courses (15 days). These courses are specialised in IEP's areas of expertise: management, international affairs, territorial governance, social action, communication and management. The courses are taught by IEP professors and qualified external speakers regarding to the subjects.


Summer thematic School

In order to diversify its training offer, Bordeaux Political Institute has for several years embarked on a policy of developing a summer thematic schools . These training modules are broadly open to societal issues (in the field of international relations as well as defense and internal political or administrative transformations). They also aim to enhance the social science research produced in the two research units : the Center Émile Durkheim and Les Afriques dans le monde (LAM). In the recent past, these thematic schools have also strengthened a number of institutional partnerships, notably with the French Association of Political Science, the CNRS or the University of Laval. As a privileged partner of the University of Bordeaux for several years, University of Laval is particularly concerned by two recurrent training modules: the School of International Relations (Hautes Études Internationales / Sciences Po Bordeaux) on "The spirit of democracy" (Department of Political Science, University of Laval/ Sciences Po Bordeaux / Free University of Brussels). As such, these two programs are organized alternately in Bordeaux and in the partner institutions. This training program, funded in part by Sciences Po Bordeaux, also benefits from the regular support of the IdEx Bordeaux International Summer Schools program, the CNRS Thematic Schools Program and the International Cooperation Fund of the Region new Aquitaine.


Campus

Before 1967, Sciences Po Bordeaux was based in Bordeaux itself, at No. 4 Rue du Maréchal-Joffre, the present seat of the Court of First Instance of Bordeaux. Since then, it has been located on the University Estate of Talence-Pessac-Gradignan. From June 2013 to April 2015, the Bordeaux Institute of Political Studies began a complete restructuring of its premises. A total investment of 26 million euros is allocated to this project with 25 million by the Regional Council of Aquitaine and 1 million by the city of Pessac. This work increases the capacity of the school from 1850 to 3000 students and the total area of the building from 8 400 m2 to 15 200 m2 . Four new lecture halls were named after Jacques Ellul, Étienne de La Boétie, Aliénor d'Aquitaine and Simone Veil.


Student's life

Sciences Po Bordeaux benefits of a vibrant student life. As in 2013, 34 student socialise were registered by the school. 4 main associations are responsible for the campus life : a student office (BDE) (events, integration camps, graduation ceremony...), Art Association (BDA) (theatre, dance, music, cinema, photography), Erasmix (Erasmus Association) and Sport Association (AS). Other societies: a Campus Radio, Podcasts, a wine casting club, entrepreneurship association, newspapers, political groups, cultural exchange clubs, student unions, Think tanks....


Alumni

A large number of former students have pursued a successful career in politics, senior civil service, media, scientific research or business in France and around the world. Others have played an important role in the fields of Art or Literature.


Politicians

*
Bernard Cazeneuve Bernard Guy Georges Cazeneuve (; born 2 June 1963) is a French politician and lawyer who served as Prime Minister of France from 6 December 2016 to 15 May 2017. A member of the Socialist Party, he represented Manche’s 5th constituency in t ...
( Class of 1985 ) (former Prime Minister) * Damien Abad (Member of Parliament, President of the Ain Departmental Council) * Florent Boudié (Member of Parliament) *
Pascal Canfin Pascal Canfin (born in Arras, 22 August 1974) is a French politician of La République en marche (LREM) who has been serving as a Member of the European Parliament (EUP) since 2019. In the 2019 elections for the UE Parliament, he was elected in ...
(MEP, former Deputy Minister for Development) * Fanélie Carrey-Conte (Member of Parliament) *
Paul-Marie Coûteaux Paul-Marie Coûteaux (born 31 July 1956, in Paris) is a French politician and author. He served as a Member of the European Parliament from 1999 to 2009 for the Movement for France, and since 2022 has been a member of Reconquête. Early life ...
(former Member of the
European Parliament The European Parliament (EP) is one of the Legislature, legislative bodies of the European Union and one of its seven Institutions of the European Union, institutions. Together with the Council of the European Union (known as the Council and in ...
and President of SIEL) * François Dagnaud (mayor of the 19th arrondissement of Paris) * François Deluga (Chairman of the CNFPT, former MP, mayor of Teich) * Jean Espilondo (former MP, mayor of Anglet) * David Habib (Member of Parliament) * Marie Lebec (Member of Parliament) * David Lisnard (Mayor of Cannes, Vice-President of the General Council of Alpes Maritimes) * Noël Mamère (former MP, mayor of Begles, ecologist candidate in the 2002 presidential election) * Marie Recalde (Member of Parliament) * Laura Slimani (former National President of the Young Socialist Movement, former president of the Young European Socialists) * Jean Valleix (former Member of Parliament)


Senior civil servants

* Bernard Boucault (former Prefect of Police of Paris) *
Mathieu Gallet Mathieu Gallet (born 8 January 1977) is a French senior civil servant and political advisor. He was the chief executive of the Institut national de l'audiovisuel from 2010 to 2014. He was the CEO of Radio France from 2014 to 2018. In 2019, he laun ...
(CEO of
Radio France Radio France is the French national public radio broadcaster. Stations Radio France offers seven national networks: * France Inter — Radio France's " generalist" station, featuring entertaining and informative talk mixed with a wide variety o ...
) * Anne Guerin (State Councilor, President of the Bordeaux Administrative Court of Appeal)
François Rivasseau
(Ambassador of the
European Union The European Union (EU) is a supranational union, supranational political union, political and economic union of Member state of the European Union, member states that are located primarily in Europe, Europe. The union has a total area of ...
to the United States) * Mohamed Berrada (Former Ambassador of Morocco in France) * Bruno Lasserre (State Councilor, vice-president of the French State Council, former President of the Competition Authority) * François Toujas (Inspector General of Social Affairs, President of the French Blood Establishment)


Business sector

*
Christian Blanc Christian Blanc (born 17 May 1942) is a French politician and businessman. A former prefect, Blanc also worked as head of the RATP (1989-1992), Air France (1993-1997) and Merrill Lynch France (2000-2002). Blanc was elected to the National Asse ...
(former CEO of
Air France Air France (; formally ''Société Air France, S.A.''), stylised as AIRFRANCE, is the flag carrier of France headquartered in Tremblay-en-France. It is a subsidiary of the Air France–KLM Group and a founding member of the SkyTeam global a ...
and RATP, former member of parliament, former Secretary of State for Development of the Capital Region) * Bertrand Belinguier (former general manager of GAN and former president of the PMU) * Éric Ducournau (Chief Executive Officer of Pierre Fabre-Dermocosmetique Laboratories) *
Mathieu Gallet Mathieu Gallet (born 8 January 1977) is a French senior civil servant and political advisor. He was the chief executive of the Institut national de l'audiovisuel from 2010 to 2014. He was the CEO of Radio France from 2014 to 2018. In 2019, he laun ...
(former CEO of
Radio France Radio France is the French national public radio broadcaster. Stations Radio France offers seven national networks: * France Inter — Radio France's " generalist" station, featuring entertaining and informative talk mixed with a wide variety o ...
) * Nicolas de Tavernost (Chairman of the Board of the M6 television network) * Jean-Louis Triaud (wine grower and president of
FC Girondins de Bordeaux Football Club des Girondins de Bordeaux (), commonly referred to as Girondins de Bordeaux ( oc, Girondins de Bordèu) or simply Bordeaux, is a French professional Association football, football club based in the city of Bordeaux in Gironde (de ...
)


Academics

* Hervé Coutau-Bégarie (EdG, CHEM, CSEM, EPHE, ICP) * Philippe Dessertine (Professor of Economics)


Journalists

* Florent Gautreau (newspaper in
France 2 France 2 () is a French public national television channel. It is part of the state-owned France Télévisions group, along with France 3, France 4 and France 5. France Télévisions also participates in Arte and Euronews. Since 3:20 CET on 7 A ...
) * Thomas Hugues (journalist at
France 5 France 5 () is a French free-to-air public television channel, part of the France Télévisions group. Principally featuring educational programming, the channel's motto is ''la chaîne de la connaissance et du savoir'' (the knowledge network). ...
) *
Anne-Sophie Lapix Anne-Sophie Lapix (born 29 April 1972 in Saint-Jean-de-Luz, Pyrénées-Atlantiques) is a French journalist and television presenter mainly for the French news program on France 2. She used to deputise for Claire Chazal, presenting the evening n ...
(journalist at
France 2 France 2 () is a French public national television channel. It is part of the state-owned France Télévisions group, along with France 3, France 4 and France 5. France Télévisions also participates in Arte and Euronews. Since 3:20 CET on 7 A ...
) * Léon Mazzella (journalist and writer) * Nathalie Renoux (journalist at M6) * Marie-Hélène Duvignau (journalist for
20 minutes 20 minutes may refer to: * ''20 minutes'' (France), a newspaper * ''20 minutes'' (Switzerland), a French-language newspaper See also *'' 20 Dakika'' ( "20 Minutes"), a 2013 Turkish television series *''20 Minuten ) , logo = 20Min ...
) * Éric Jean-Jean (host and presenter of radio and TV) * Mathilde Tournier (journalist at the Dépêche du Midi) *
Martin Weill Martin Jean Weill (born 11 April 1987 in Paris, France) is a French television journalist. Since September 2016 he has worked as a foreign correspondent for the nightly news and entertainment programme ''Quotidien'', broadcast on TMC. From 2013 ...
(journalist at the Petit Journal of
Canal Plus Canal+ (Canal Plus, , meaning 'Channel Plus'; sometimes abbreviated C+ or Canal) is a French premium television channel launched in 1984. It is 100% owned by the Groupe Canal+, which in turn is owned by Vivendi. The channel broadcasts several ki ...
, then on TMC in the daily newspaper Quotidien) * Arnaud Romera (sports journalist at
France Télévisions France Télévisions (; stylized since 2018 as ) is the French national public television broadcaster. It is a state-owned company formed from the integration of the public television channels France 2 (formerly Antenne 2) and France 3 (form ...
) * François Trillo (sports reporter for Canal +) * Eric Besnard (sports journalist at Canal +)


References


External links


Official site

Postgrad's site
{{DEFAULTSORT:Institut D'etudes Politiques De Bordeaux Buildings and structures in Bordeaux Educational institutions established in 1948
Bordeaux Bordeaux ( , ; Gascon oc, Bordèu ; eu, Bordele; it, Bordò; es, Burdeos) is a port city on the river Garonne in the Gironde department, Southwestern France. It is the capital of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, as well as the prefectu ...
Education in Nouvelle-Aquitaine 1948 establishments in France