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Independent Operational Group Silesia (Polish: Samodzielna Grupa Operacyjna Śląsk, SGO Śląsk) was an
After its creation, the military unit was stationed near the border of Poland and Czechoslovakia.
As a result of
''Grupa Rekonstrukcji Historycznej: Grupa Operacyjna "Śląsk"'' (Group for Historic Reconstruction: Operational Group Silesia)
accessed 24 November 2008. Military units and formations established in 1938 Army units and formations of Poland Military units and formations disestablished in 1938 Borders of Poland Cieszyn Silesia Czechoslovakia–Poland relations
Operational Group
{{Unreferenced, date=October 2008
Operational Group ( pl, Grupa Operacyjna, abbreviated GO) was the highest level of tactical division of the Polish Army before and during World War II and the invasion of Poland. It was corps-sized, although variou ...
of the Polish Army
The Land Forces () are the land forces of the Polish Armed Forces. They currently contain some 62,000 active personnel and form many components of the European Union and NATO deployments around the world. Poland's recorded military history stre ...
, created in September 1938 to annex Trans-Olza (Zaolzie) from Czechoslovakia
, rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי,
, common_name = Czechoslovakia
, life_span = 1918–19391945–1992
, p1 = Austria-Hungary
, image_p1 ...
.
History
The Group was commanded by GeneralWładysław Bortnowski
Władysław Bortnowski (12 November 1891 – 21 November 1966) was a Polish historian, military commander and one of the highest ranking generals of the Polish Army. He is most famous for commanding the Pomorze Army in the Battle of Bzura during ...
and comprised several Army units and five air squadrons. Altogether, 35,966 Polish officers and soldiers participated in the annexation of Zaolzie.
The Group comprised mostly units of the 4th Infantry Division, as well as regiments of the 14th Infantry Division, 15th Infantry Division, 16th Infantry Division, 23rd Infantry Division, 25th Infantry Division, and 21st Mountain Infantry Division
The 21st Mountain Infantry Division (, 21 DPG) was a pre-war unit of the Polish Army. It was one of two mountain infantry divisions of Poland to take part in the Invasion of Poland of 1939. Currently its traditions are continued by Polish 21st P ...
. Additionally, a cavalry regiment was created, comprising units of the Wielkopolska Cavalry Brigade
Wielkopolska Cavalry Brigade (Polish: ''Wielkopolska Brygada Kawalerii'') was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period. It was created on April 1, 1937 out of the Cavalry Brigade "Poznań". Its headquarters were stationed in Pozn ...
and the Pomeranian Cavalry Brigade
Pomeranian Cavalry Brigade (Polish: ''Pomorska Brygada Kawalerii'') was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period. It was created on April 1, 1937 out of the Cavalry Brigade "Bydgoszcz". Its headquarters were stationed in Bydgoszc ...
.
Annexation of Zaolzie region
After its creation, the military unit was stationed near the border of Poland and Czechoslovakia.
As a result of Munich crisis
The Munich Agreement ( cs, Mnichovská dohoda; sk, Mníchovská dohoda; german: Münchner Abkommen) was an agreement concluded at Munich on 30 September 1938, by Germany, the United Kingdom, France, and Italy. It provided "cession to Germany ...
, the Czechoslovak government yielded to Polish pressure and gave up a part of Cieszyn Silesia
Cieszyn Silesia, Těšín Silesia or Teschen Silesia ( pl, Śląsk Cieszyński ; cs, Těšínské Slezsko or ; german: Teschener Schlesien or ) is a historical region in south-eastern Silesia, centered on the towns of Cieszyn and Český T ...
region (namely Trans-Olza/Zaolzie) to Poland (as demanded by Poland under a threat of military action). The Independent Operational Group Silesia was carrying out the annexation from 2 to 11 October 1938.
Group termination
On 9 December 1938 the Independent Operational Group Silesia was ordered to leave the occupied territory and the group was dissolved after that.See also
* Trans-Olza *History of Poland (1918-1939)
The history of Poland spans over a thousand years, from medieval tribes, Christianization and monarchy; through Poland's Golden Age, expansionism and becoming one of the largest European powers; to its collapse and partitions, two world wars, ...
*Edmund Charaszkiewicz
Edmund Kalikst Eugeniusz Charaszkiewicz (; Poniec, 14 October 1895 – 22 December 1975, London) was a Polish military intelligence officer who specialized in clandestine warfare. Between the World Wars, he helped establish Poland's interbellum ...
*Feliks Ankerstein Feliks Józef Ankerstein (1897 – ? 1955) was a Polish Army major and intelligence officer.
Career
Ankerstein served during World War I in the Polish Legions and the Polish Military Organization, and after the war in the Polish Army. He particip ...
Sources
* Marek Piotr Deszczyński, ''Ostatni egzamin. Wojsko Polskie wobec kryzysu czechosłowackiego 1938-1939'' (The Final Exam: The Polish Armed Forces in the Czechoslovak Crisis of 1938–1939), Warsaw, 2003. {{Poland-mil-stubExternal links
''Grupa Rekonstrukcji Historycznej: Grupa Operacyjna "Śląsk"'' (Group for Historic Reconstruction: Operational Group Silesia)
accessed 24 November 2008. Military units and formations established in 1938 Army units and formations of Poland Military units and formations disestablished in 1938 Borders of Poland Cieszyn Silesia Czechoslovakia–Poland relations