The Independent Left (french: Gauche indépendante, GI) was a French parliamentary group in the

Chamber of Deputies of France Chamber of Deputies (french: Chambre des députés) was a parliamentary body in France in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries: * 1814–1848 during the Bourbon Restoration and the July Monarchy, the Chamber of Deputies was the lower house of ...

of the

French Third Republic The French Third Republic (french: Troisième République, sometimes written as ) was the system of government adopted in France from 4 September 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War, until 10 July 1940 ...

during the interwar period. It was not a political party but a technical group formed by independents and parties too small to form their own parliamentary group, including dissidents from the Communist, Socialist and Radical-Socialist parties, as well as left-wing regional parties and left-wing Catholics. It provided a home to those republican independents and small parties who supported the Cartels des Gauches and the

Popular Front A popular front is "any coalition of working-class and middle-class parties", including liberal and social democratic ones, "united for the defense of democratic forms" against "a presumed Fascist assault". More generally, it is "a coalition ...

. As such, its exact membership changed from legislature to another. It was thus similar but distinct to the right-of-centre Independents of the Left group, which gathered up the independents and small parties who in temperament were similar to the right wing of the Radical-Socialists and the centre-right Radical Left, but who refused to support the Cartel and Popular Front.

Legislature of 1932 to 1936: the
Cartel des Gauches The Cartel of the Left (french: Cartel des gauches, ) was the name of the governmental alliance between the Radical-Socialist Party, the socialist French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO), and other smaller left-republican parties that ...

The following parties and independents sat in as the Left Independent technical group between 1932 and 1936: {, class="wikitable sortable" , Surname , Forename , Political Party (if applicable) , - , BERON , Emile , Communist Party of Alsace-Lorraine , - , CHATENET , Henri , independent , - , CHAUVEL , Georges , independent , - , DAHLET , Camille , Alsatian Progressive Party , - , DELOM-SORBE , Maurice , Jeune République , - , DEUDON , Paul , independent , - , DOEBLÉ , Victor , Communist Party of Alsace-Lorraine , - , LA CHAMBRE , Guy , independent Radical , - , MOURER , Jean-Pierre , Communist Party of Alsace-Lorraine , - , MOUTET , Georges , independent Radical , - , PRENTOUT , Richard , independent Radical , - , RENAITOUR , Jean-Michel , independent Socialist Republican , - , SABIANI , Simon , independent socialist , - , THEBAULT , Léon , independent , - , TORRES , Henry , independent socialist

Legislature of 1936 to 1940: the
Popular Front A popular front is "any coalition of working-class and middle-class parties", including liberal and social democratic ones, "united for the defense of democratic forms" against "a presumed Fascist assault". More generally, it is "a coalition ...

The Independent Left group's most famous incarnation existed between 1936 and 1940, when the following small parties sat in it: * Party of Proletarian Unity (PUP), dissident communist; * * Frontist Party (PF), a party formed by antifascist Radical-Socialists. * Radical-Socialist Party Camille Pelletan (PRS-CP), a party formed by antifascist Radical-Socialists. *Former members of the

Republican-Socialist Party The Republican-Socialist Party (french: Parti républicain-socialiste, PRS) was a French socialist political party during the French Third Republic founded in 1911 and dissolved in 1934. Founded by non-Marxist socialists who refused to join ...

who did not join the

Socialist Republican Union The Socialist Republican Union (french: Union socialiste républicaine, USR) was a political party in France founded in 1935 during the late Third Republic which united the right-wing of the French Section of the Workers' International with the l ...

(USR) *

Progressive Party Progressive Party may refer to: Active parties * Progressive Party, Brazil * Progressive Party (Chile) * Progressive Party of Working People, Cyprus * Dominica Progressive Party * Progressive Party (Iceland) * Progressive Party (Sardinia), Ita ...

, the federalist counterpart to the Radical-Socialist Party, before its decision to sit with the other Alsatian regionalist parties in 1936. * Social-National Party (PSN), a small party founded by

Jean Hennessy Jean Patrick Hennessy (26 April 1874 – 4 November 1944) was a French politician. Hennessy was born at Cherves-Richemont in the Charente département, son of Maurice Hennessy and his wife Jeanne, née Foussat. His family, of Irish origin, w ...

. *

League of the Young Republic The Young Republic League (french: Ligue de la jeune république, LJR) was a French political party created in 1912 by Marc Sangnier, in continuation of ''Le Sillon'', Sangnier's Christian social movement which was disavowed by the Pope Pius X ( ...

(LJR), a social-Catholic pacifist party.

Legislature of 1936 to 1940: the Popular Front A popular front is "any coalition of working-class and middle-class parties", including liberal and social democratic ones, "united for the defense of democratic forms" against "a presumed Fascist assault". More generally, it is "a coalition ...

See also

Legislature of 1936 to 1940: the
Popular Front A popular front is "any coalition of working-class and middle-class parties", including liberal and social democratic ones, "united for the defense of democratic forms" against "a presumed Fascist assault". More generally, it is "a coalition ...