Independencia is a district of the
Lima Province
Lima Province is located in the central coast of Peru and is the only province in the country not belonging to any of the twenty-five regions. Its capital is Lima, which is also the nation's capital.
Despite its small area, this province is the ...
in
Peru
, image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg
, image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg
, other_symbol = Great Seal of the State
, other_symbol_type = National seal
, national_motto = "Firm and Happy f ...
. It is located in the north area of the city.
History
In the
Viceroyalty
A viceroyalty was an entity headed by a viceroy. It dates back to the Spanish conquest of the Americas in the sixteenth century.
France
* Viceroyalty of New France
Portuguese Empire
In the scope of the Portuguese Empire, the term " Viceroyalt ...
and early years of the republic, it was part of the great territory of
Carabayllo.
Until the
decade of the 1950s, the strong migration produced from the interior of the country brought waves of families to the capital looking for a better future in
the capital
''The Capital'' (also known as ''Capital Gazette'' as its online nameplate and informally), the Sunday edition is called ''The Sunday Capital'', is a daily newspaper published by Capital Gazette Communications in Annapolis, Maryland, to serve ...
.
In the mid of this context, and given the need of these migrant families to acquire their own land, in
1959
Events January
* January 1 - Cuba: Fulgencio Batista flees Havana when the forces of Fidel Castro advance.
* January 2 - Lunar probe Luna 1 was the first man-made object to attain escape velocity from Earth. It reached the vicinity of E ...
the Associations of Parents of Pro-housing Families "Tahuantinsuyo" and "Pampa de Cueva - Independencia" were founded.
On the morning of November 17, 1960, some families, entered the deserts along kilometers 5 and 6 of Túpac Amaru Avenue, the old road to
Canta
Canta is a town in the Lima Region, in western Peru. The town is located on the Chillón River and is the capital of the Canta Province. With a population of 2,385 ( 2017 census), it is also the capital of Canta District. It is frequently visited ...
, in a very organized manner.
Faced with the repression, the families withdrew until they reached kilometer four, next to the railway, where they resisted for 37 days in the face of inclement weather, lack of services, medicine and food. It was in this period that the death of some children on the railway tracks occurred. Tribute was paid to this sacrifice by naming one of the main streets of the district after "Los Niños Martires".
In the following years, the area of ''"Pampa de Repartición"'' located at kilometer six and a half, in the
district of Comas, was urbanized, establishing the Tahuantinsuyo Urbanization; then the land of ''"Pampa El Ermitaño"'' in
Rímac District was occupied, located at kilometer four, other extensions of land would later be populated, integrating the human settlements of the peripheries. And finally the ''Industrial zone'' in
San Martín de Porres was occupied.
After the complaints of the neighbors, the Congress decided to create a new district.
Officially created district on March 16,
1964
Events January
* January 1 – The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is dissolved.
* January 5 - In the first meeting between leaders of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches since the fifteenth century, Pope Paul VI and Patriarc ...
. For Law 14965. The new district is segregated from
San Martín de Porres,
Comas and
Rímac Districts.
Economy
The district of Independencia is generally enabled by popular families of medium, medium-low and low socioeconomic status.
However, it is considered the ''new economic pole of
Lima
Lima ( ; ), originally founded as Ciudad de Los Reyes (City of The Kings) is the capital and the largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón, Rímac and Lurín Rivers, in the desert zone of the central coastal part of ...
'', due to the large number of businesses, malls and ventures that occur in the area.
The district has the busiest
shopping centers
A shopping center (American English) or shopping centre (Commonwealth English), also called a shopping complex, shopping arcade, shopping plaza or galleria, is a group of shops built together, sometimes under one roof.
The first known collec ...
in the city:
Malls
*
Plaza Norte (North Plaza Mall), the largest
shopping center in the country.
* MegaPlaza Norte
* Royal Plaza
Markets
*
Metro
*
Tottus
Tottus is a chain of Chilean hypermarkets that competes with Wong, Metro and Plaza Vea supermarkets in Peru. Tottus also operates stores in Perú.
*
PlazaVea
*
SODIMAC
Universities
*
San Ignacio de Loyola University
Institutes and polytechnics
* Cibertec
* Certus
Cultural Centers
*
ICPNA - Peruvian North American Cultural Institute
Transport
*
Metropolitano
Metropolitano S.A. was a privately owned consortium formed in 1994 to take over concessions granted by the Argentine government as part of railway privatisation during the presidency of Carlos Menem for the operation of commuter rail services i ...
(El Milagro, Tomás Valle, Los Jazmines, Independencia, Pacífico, Izaguirre and Naranjal Station)
*
101 Bus (Corredor Amarillo)
Geography
The district has a total land
area
Area is the quantity that expresses the extent of a region on the plane or on a curved surface. The area of a plane region or ''plane area'' refers to the area of a shape or planar lamina, while '' surface area'' refers to the area of an ope ...
of 14.56 km². Its administrative center is located 130 meters above
sea level
Mean sea level (MSL, often shortened to sea level) is an average surface level of one or more among Earth's coastal bodies of water from which heights such as elevation may be measured. The global MSL is a type of vertical datuma standardise ...
.
Boundaries
* North:
Comas
* East:
San Juan de Lurigancho
San Juan de Lurigancho (SJL) is a district in Lima, Peru, located in the area known as ''Cono Este''.
It is Peru's most populous district, with a current population that may exceed one million.
On the north, it is bordered by the districts of ...
* South:
Rímac and
San Martín de Porres
* West:
Los Olivos
Demographics
According to a 2002 estimate by the
INEI, Independencia has 206,843 inhabitants and a population density of 14,206.3 persons/km². In 1999, there were 36,999 households in the district.
Authorities
Mayors
*1967-1969: Victoriano García Delgadillo.
*1970: Arturo Novoa Torres.
*1971: Claudio Pinedo Acuña.
*1971: Amadeo Gonzáles Rumiche
*1971-1975: Claudio Pinedo Acuña.
*1975: Emiliano Moriano Luján.
*1976-1979: Luis Alvarado Díaz.
*1979: Fidencio Cueva Roca.
*1980: Francisco Ruiz Mencía.
*1980: César Rodríguez Galindo.
*1981-1983: Leoncio Vigo Loja.
*1984-1989: Esther Moreno Huerta.
*1990-1992: Jesús Manuel Cáceres Fanaola.
*1993-1995: Jenny Jesús Olivera Olivera.
*1996-1997: Roberto Vidal Vidal.
*1997-1998: Néstor Pajuelo Chavarría.
*1998-2002: Guillermo Chacaltana Yerén.
*2003-2006: Víctor Yuri Vilela Seminario
*2007-2010: Lovell Yomond Vargas.
*2011-2018: Evans Rodolfo Sifuentes Ocaña.
*2019-2022: Yuri Pando.
See also
*
Administrative divisions of Peru
The administrative divisions of Peru have changed from time to time since the nation gained independence from Spain in the early 19th century. The old territorial subdivisions have split or merged due to several reasons, the most common ones being ...
*
Cono Norte
The Cono Norte (recently being called ''Lima Norte'') is one of the five areas that make up the Lima Metropolitan Area. It is located in the northern part of the metropolis, hence its name. The socioeconomic levels of its residents are varied. Th ...
References
External links
*
Official district's web site*
Historical Graphic
Districts of Lima
{{LimaRegion-geo-stub