Ilyas Shahi dynasty

The Ilyas Shahi dynasty ( bn, ইলিয়াস শাহী খান্দান, fa, الیاس شاهی خاندان) was the first independent dynasty to set the foundations of the late medieval Sunni Muslim Sultanate of Bengal. Hailing from the Sistan region, their rule extended from 1342 to 1487, though interrupted with an interregna by their slaves as well as the House of Ganesha.

Initial dynasty

The ancestors of Ilyas Shah originated from Sistan, and according to Syed A M R Haque, arrived to the subcontinent as Muslim missionaries and the family were granted jagirs in Bengal in the year 1227. Bengal was under the Delhi Sultanate at the time.

During the governorship of Izz al-Din Yahya in Satgaon, Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah took service under him. Following Yahya's death in 1338, Ilyas Shah took control of Satgaon and declared himself as a Sultan, independent of Delhi. He then waged a campaign, defeating both the Sultans Alauddin Ali Shah and Ikhtiyaruddin Ghazi Shah of Lakhnauti and Sonargaon respectively by 1342. This led to the foundation of Bengal as single political entity and the start of the Bengal Sultanate and its first dynasty, the Ilyas Shahi.

After Shamsuddin's death, his son Sikandar Shah ascended the throne. Sikandar ruled for the next 30 years and built the Adina Masjid in Pandua in 1368 and Kotwali Darwaza in Gauḍa. Ghiyasuddin Azam Shah, son of Sikandar Shah succeeded the throne and established friendly relationships with the Ming Empire of China and encouraged trade. During his reign, Ma Huan, a Chinese traveller visited Bengal.

Instability

In 1415, political confusion and weakness of the Ilyas Shahi dynasty led to Saifuddin Hamza Shah's rule being overthrown by slave Shihabuddin Bayazid Shah's family and the House of Ganesha shortly after. Ganesha's son Jadu embraced Islam and assumed the title of Jalal ad-Din Muhammad Shah. He was succeeded by his son, Shams ad-Din Ahmad Shah. Ahmad was killed by his nobles in 1436 in an attempt to restore the Ilyas Shahi dynasty.

Restored dynasty

After the death of Shams ad-Din Ahmad, the rule of the Ilyas Shahi dynasty was restored by Mahmud Shah, a descendant of Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah, who ascended the throne in 1437 as Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah I. In 1487, the last ruler of this dynasty Jalal ad-Din Fatih Shah was killed by his Habshi commander of the palace guards, Shahzada Barbak, who ascended the throne under the title, Sultan Barbak Shah. With this, the Ilyas Shahi dynasty's rule over Bengal came to an end.Majumdar, R.C. (ed.) (2006). ''The Delhi Sultanate'', Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, pp.205–14 The current

List of rulers

}
, align="center", Ilyas Shah

bn, ইলিয়াস শাহ
, align="center", 1342–1358
, -
, align="center", ''Sultan Abu al-Mujahid''

bn, সুলতান আবুল মুজাহ্বিদ
, align="center", Sikandar Shah

bn, সিকান্দর শাহ
, align="center", 1358–1390
, -
, align="center", ''Sultan Ghiyath ad-Din''

bn, সুলতান গিয়াসউদ্দীন
, align="center", Azam Shah

bn, আজ়ম শাহ
, align="center", 1390–1411
, -
, align="center", ''Sultan Sayf ad-Din''

bn, সুলতান সাইফউদ্দীন
, align="center", Hamzah Shah

bn, হামজ়া শাহ
, align="center", 1411–1413
, -
, align="center", ''Sultan Abu al-Muzaffar''

bn, সুলতান আবুল মুজ়াফফর
, align="center", Muhammad Shah

bn, মোহাম্মদ শাহ
, align="center", 1413
, - style="background:silver"
, align="center", ''Sultan Nasir ad-Din Abu al-Muzaffar''

bn, সুলতান নাসিরউদ্দীন আবুল মোজ়াফ্ফর
, align="center", Mahmud Shah

bn, মাহমূদ শাহ
, align="center", 1435–1459
, -
, align="center", ''Sultan Rukun ad-Din''

bn, সুলতান রোকনউদ্দীন
, align="center", Barbak Shah

bn, বারবক শাহ
, align="center", 1459–1474
, -
, align="center", ''Sultan Shams ad-Din Abu al-Muzaffar''

bn, সুলতান শামসউদ্দীন আবুল মোজ়াফ্ফর
, align="center", Yusuf Shah

bn, ইউসুফ শাহ
, align="center", 1474–1481
, -
, align="center", ''Sultan Nur ad-Din''

bn, সুলতান নূরউদ্দীন
, align="center", Sikandar Shah

bn, সিকান্দর শাহ
, align="center", 1481
, -
, align="center", ''Sultan Jalal ad-Din''

bn, সুলতান জালালউদ্দীন
, align="center", Fateh Shah

bn, ফতেহ শাহ
, align="center", 1481–1487
, -
, colspan=4 align="middle", Habshi rule takes over Sultanate of Bengal under Shahzada Barbak in 1487 C.E.

*''Silver shaded row signifies the start of the Restored Ilyas Shahi dynasty.''

See also

* History of Bengal
* History of India
* History of Bangladesh
* List of Sunni Muslim dynasties

References

External links

*

The Iliyas Shahi Dynasty

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ilyas Shahi Dynasty

Dynasties of Bengal
Empires and kingdoms of India
Medieval India
Dynasties of India
States and territories established in the 14th century
Sunni dynasties