Ifugao or Batad is a

Malayo-Polynesian language The Malayo-Polynesian languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages, with approximately 385.5 million speakers. The Malayo-Polynesian languages are spoken by the Austronesian peoples outside of Taiwan, in the island nations of Southeast ...

spoken in the northern valleys of

Ifugao Ifugao, officially the Province of Ifugao ( ilo, Probinsia ti Ifugao; tl, Lalawigan ng Ifugao), is a landlocked province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. Its capital is Lagawe and it borders Benguet to the ...

Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...

. It is a member of the Northern Luzon subfamily and is closely related to the

Bontoc Bontoc may refer to: * Bontoc, Mountain Province, Philippines * Bontoc, Southern Leyte, Philippines * Bontoc people, an ethnic group from Central Luzon, Philippines * Bontoc language Bontoc (Bontok) (also called Finallig) is the native language ...

and Kankanaey languages. It is a

dialect continuum A dialect continuum or dialect chain is a series of language varieties spoken across some geographical area such that neighboring varieties are mutually intelligible, but the differences accumulate over distance so that widely separated vari ...

, and its four main varieties—such as Tuwali—are sometimes considered separate languages.

Loanword A loanword (also loan word or loan-word) is a word at least partly assimilated from one language (the donor language) into another language. This is in contrast to cognates, which are words in two or more languages that are similar because ...

s from other languages, such as Ilokano, are replacing some older terminology.

Dialects

Ethnologue ''Ethnologue: Languages of the World'' (stylized as ''Ethnoloɠue'') is an annual reference publication in print and online that provides statistics and other information on the living languages of the world. It is the world's most comprehensi ...

'' reports the following locations for each of the four Ifugao languages. *Amganad Ifugao: spoken in

Hungduan Hungduan, officially the Municipality of Hungduan is a 4th class municipality in the province of Ifugao, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 8,866 people. It is bounded on the north-east by the town of Banaue in ...

and

Banaue Banaue (or alternatively spelled as Banawe), officially the Municipality of Banaue is a 4th class municipality in the province of Ifugao, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 20,652 people. It is widely known a ...

municipalities of

Ifugao Province Ifugao, officially the Province of Ifugao ( ilo, Probinsia ti Ifugao; tl, Lalawigan ng Ifugao), is a landlocked province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. Its capital is Lagawe and it borders Benguet to the wes ...

, and into southwestern

Mountain Province Mountain Province is a landlocked province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. Its capital is Bontoc. Mountain Province was formerly referred to as ''Mountain'' in some foreign references. The name is usually short ...

. 27,100 speakers as of 2000. Dialects are Burnay Ifugao and Banaue Ifugao. *Batad Ifugao (Ayangan Ifugao): spoken in central

. There are also some speakers in

Isabela Province ; gad, Probinsia na Isabela; tl, Lalawigan ng Isabela) , settlement_type = , image_skyline = , image_caption = (from top: left to right) Pacific coast in Dinapigue, Sierra Madre Mountains, Magat Dam, Cagay ...

, on the eastern shore of the Magat reservoir. 10,100 speakers as of 2002. Dialects include Ducligan Ifugao. *Mayoyao Ifugao (Mayaoyaw): spoken in

, (northern

Mayoyao Mayoyao, officially the Municipality of Mayoyao is a 4th class municipality in the province of Ifugao, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 15,621 people. History Battle of Mayoyao Ridge From July 26, to August 9 ...

Aguinaldo A thirteenth salary, or end-of-year bonus, is an extra payment given to employees at the end of December. Although the amount of the payment depends on a number of factors, it usually matches an employee's monthly salary and can be paid in o ...

, and Alfonso Lista municipalities) and

(2 small border areas). 30,000 speakers as of 2007. *Tuwali Ifugao (Gilipanes, Ifugaw, Kiangan Ifugao, Quiangan, Tuwali): spoken in southern

. 30,000 speakers as of 2000. Dialects are Hapao Ifugao, Hungduan Ifugao, and Lagawe Ifugao.

Phonology

Consonants

* Other sounds such as /s/ and /r/ occur in loanwords.

Vowels

* /ʊ/ can also be heard as close-back * /ə/ does not exist in the Tuwali dialect. * /i/ can also be heard as �

Orthography

The unified Ifugao alphabet is as follows: A, B, D, E, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, Ng, O, P, T, U, W, Y. The letters are pronounced differently depending on the dialect of the speaker.
Hay Mahun an Bahaon
A Pre-Primer in Ayangan Ifugao.''

Summer Institute of Linguistics SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics) is an evangelical Christian non-profit organization whose main purpose is to study, develop and document languages, especially those that are lesser-known, in order to ex ...

, 1984.

References

External links

* {{Austronesian languages South–Central Cordilleran languages Languages of Ifugao