ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn al-Wāfid al-Lakhmī () (c. 1008 – 1074), known in

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through ...

Europe as , was an Andalusian

Arab The Arabs (singular: Arab; singular ar, عَرَبِيٌّ, DIN 31635: , , plural ar, عَرَب, DIN 31635: , Arabic pronunciation: ), also known as the Arab people, are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in Western Asia, ...

pharmacologist and physician from Toledo. He was the vizier of

Al-Mamun of Toledo Yahya ibn Ismail al-Mamun () (died 1075) was the second ruler of the Berber Hawwara Dhulnunid dynasty who was king of the Taifa of Toledo between 1043 and 1075. Biography Yahya ibn Ismail succeeded his father Ismaïl ibn Dhi 'l-Nun in 1043. In 1 ...

. His main work is ''Kitāb al-adwiya al-mufrada'' (, translated into Latin as ').Emilia Calvo, "Ibn Wafid", in: ''The Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non Western Cultures'', ed. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1997, p. 438 Ibn al-Wafid was mainly a

pharmacist A pharmacist, also known as a chemist (Commonwealth English) or a druggist (North American and, archaically, Commonwealth English), is a healthcare professional who prepares, controls and distributes medicines and provides advice and instructi ...

in Toledo, and he used the techniques and methods available in

alchemy Alchemy (from Arabic: ''al-kīmiyā''; from Ancient Greek: χυμεία, ''khumeía'') is an ancient branch of natural philosophy, a philosophical and protoscientific tradition that was historically practiced in China, India, the Muslim wo ...

to extract at least 520 different kinds of medicines from various

plants Plants are predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae. Historically, the plant kingdom encompassed all living things that were not animals, and included algae and fungi; however, all current definitions of Plantae exclude ...

and

herbs In general use, herbs are a widely distributed and widespread group of plants, excluding vegetables and other plants consumed for macronutrients, with savory or aromatic properties that are used for flavoring and garnishing food, for medicina ...

. His student Ali Ibn al-Lukuh was the author of , a famous botanical dictionary.

References

External links

The Filāḥa Texts Project: Ibn Wāfid
* *''Toledo'', on Muslim Heritage.com, page

(retrieved November 26, 2008) 990s births 1074 deaths 11th-century Al-Andalus people People from Toledo, Spain Alchemists of the medieval Islamic world 11th-century physicians Physicians of Al-Andalus Year of death uncertain Pharmacologists of Al-Andalus 11th-century Arabs Viziers {{spain-med-bio-stub